高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析说明文5

高三英语二轮复习新题训练说明文（完形填空）(一)(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __1__ home from work in the evenings. A man will be __2__ the newspaper, and seconds later it __3__ as if he is trying to __4__it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger __5__ next to him. __6__ place where unplanned short sleep __7__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring (打鼾)so __8__ that the professor has to ask another student to __9__ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing (尴尬) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the __10__ of the head pushes the arm off the __11__， and the movement carries the __12__ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no __13__ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __14__. Police reports are full of __15__ that occur when people fall into sleep and go __16__ the road. If the drivers are __17__， they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car，__18__， went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __19__ and thought it was raining. When people are really __20__， nothing will stop them from falling asleep—no matter where they are.1．A.wayB．trackC．pathD．road2．A.buyingB．foldingC．deliveringD．reading3．A.actsB．showsC．appearsD．sounds4．A.openB．eatC．findD．finish5．A.lyingB．waitingC．talkingD．sitting6．A.NextB．EveryC．AnotherD．One7．A.goes onB．ends upC．lastsD．returns8．A.bravelyB．happilyC．loudlyD．carelessly9．A.leaveB．shakeC．keepD．watch10．A.sizeB．shapeC．weightD．strength11．A.cushionB．deskC．shoulderD．book12．A.actionB．positionC．restD．side13．A.memoryB．reasonC．questionD．purpose14．A.thinkingB．workingC．walkingD．driving15．A.changesB．eventsC．ideasD．accidents16．A.upB．offC．alongD．down17．A.luckyB．awakeC．calmD．strong18．A.in timeB．at firstC．as usualD．for example19．A.dustB．waterC．grassD．bush20．A.tiredB．drunkC．lonelyD．lazy答案与解析1.A on the way home表示“在回家的路上”，为固定表达法，不使用track“小路，跑道”，path“小路，小径”和road“道路”。

完形填空（说明文）--解题技巧及典例剖析1.文章多用现在时态说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用现在时态。

2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述说明文的目的主要是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实、易于理解，内容客观真实，很少含有带感情的词汇。

3.文章主题明确，层次分明说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。

而且，1.利用说明文首句，明确说明对象典例1(2015·重庆高考B)Imagine the first days in a new time zone . Slow to respond to the 28______ , your body clock is confused. You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you're 29 _________jet lag(时差反应）.28.A.flight B. change C. demand D. climate【解析】：下文的“jet lag(时差反应）”说明，在旅行时要适应时差。

29.A.suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to【解析】：上文的“hardly fall asleep”说明人们常常不能顺利地倒时差；suffer from“受折磨”。

【答案】：28.B29.A2.关注内在联系，把握说明顺序常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等）和认识顺序（如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象等）。

典例2(2015·广东高考）How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 1 _______to live no longer than 120 years. However,110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live-if he or she is 2_______ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 3_______. They wear out, and as a result , we get old and 4 die .1.A.designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered【解析】：此处表示我们人体的设计就是最长活到120岁。

专题14 完形填空夹叙夹议文，议论文和说明文特点分析+高分策略01专题网络·思维脑图02考情分析·解密高考03高频考点·以考定法微专题名词词义辨析易错点05创新好题·分层练人与自我2019记叙文人与自然环境保护87412022记叙文人与社会人际交往871312021记叙文人与自我完善自我1054102020记叙文人与社会文化遗产114320全国卷Ⅱ/全国甲卷2019记叙文人与社会人际关系953212020记叙文人与社会社会关系83612全国卷Ⅲ2019夹叙夹议人与自然人与环境94520考点一 完形填空夹叙夹议文命题点01 夹叙夹议文典例01【2021年全国乙卷】Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude(感谢).My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44___ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while ___45___ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was ___46___ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47___the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___, and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.She was ___49___ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge,we shared in her _____50_____ at her recovery. As she was _____51_____ she was eager to say _____52_____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she _____53_____ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague _____54_____ to accept it, saying that we were all just _____55_____ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then _____56_____:“Oh this isn't for the_____57_____ I had. I take that as a _____58_____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”And there you have it. To many people,_____59_____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an_____60_____ and should be rewarded.41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused55 A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting.56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra命题点02 议论文典例01【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education命题点03 说明文典例01【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology___26___ that idea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective一、夹叙夹议文二、议论文一）文体特征不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。

完形填空专题特训20说明文AAll parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for a(n) 1life,but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let 2of your children.That 3between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be 4.Years of experience means that parents often do know best,but 5,the young,being less bound by tradition,are often more6,more able to find new solutions to old problems.7are led by the young.Good teachers make the growth of critical thinking easier in their students,8that this can lead to a question of the teachers’basic beliefs.Schools encourage parents to become 9,but are often embarrassed when parents have doubts about some of the educational methods being used.The rebellious(叛逆的) 10are important in social development.They are not 11representatives of those they want to 12or not realistic about their demands,13their voices must be heard.Good parents know that just forbidding particular behavior does not prevent their children from finding ways to 14in these forbidden activities.15,sometimes the forbidden fruit is more 16,just because it is not accepted by 17.Parents must work with their children to educate them 18the facts,know as much as possible about the lives of their children,provide a good example,encourage more wholesome activities and 19support their children when they don’t follow 20 is expected of them.But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.1.A.happy B.independentC.meaningfulD.easy2.A.go B.dropC.aloneD.fall3.A.alternative B.differenceC.balanceD.definition4.A.heartbreaking B.heartbrokenC.warm-heartedD.wholehearted5.A.on one hand B.for one thingC.on the other handD.in other words6.A.creative B.activeC.passiveD.unlimited7.A.Destruction B.RevolutionsC.ConversationsD.Recognition8.A.just to find B.only to findC.just to knowD.only to know9.A.linked B.attachedC.includedD.involved10.A.young B.oldC.middle-agedD.aging11.A.frequently B.accidentallyC.certainlyD.necessarily12.A.suggest B.representC.implyD.respond13.A.so B.andC.butD.then14.A.engage B.resultC.persistD.believe15.A.Anyhow B.HoweverC.IndeedD.Somehow16.A.confusing B.invitingC.astonishingD.shockingernment anizationC.authorityD.agency18.A.at B.ofC.onD.over19.A.also B.tooC.norD.otherwise20.A.whether B.thatC.whichD.whatBChildren model themselves largely on their parents.They do so mainly through identification.Children identify 1 a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are 2of that parent.The things parents do and say—and the 3they do and say to them—therefore strongly influence a child’s4.Therefore,parents must consistently behave like the type of 5they want their children to become.A parent’s actions 6affect the self-image that a child forms 7 identification.Children who see mainly positive qualities in their 8will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way.Children who observe chiefly 9qualities in their parents will have difficulty 10positive qualities in themselves.Children may 11their self-image,however,as they become increasingly 12by peer groups’standards before they reach 13.Isolated(孤立的) events,13dramatic(戏剧性的)ones,do not necessarily have a permanent 14on a child’s behavior.Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training.Children who know they are loved can, 15,accept the divorce of their parents or a parent’s early 16.But if children feel unloved,they may interpret such events 17 a sign of rejection or punishment.In the same way,all children are not influenced 18by toys andgames,reading materials,and television programs.19in the case of a dramatic change in family relations,the 20of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.1.A.to B.withC.aroundD.forrmed B.characteristicC.conceivedD.indicative3.A.gesture B.expressionC.wayD.extent4.A.behavior B.wordsC.moodD.reactions5.A.person B.humanC.creatureD.adult6.A.in turn B.neverthelessC.alsoD.as a result7.A.before B.besidesC.withD.through8.A.eyes B.parentsC.peersD.behaviors9.A.negative B.cheerfulC.variousplex10.A.see B.seeingC.to seeD.to seeing11.A.modify B.copyC.give upD.continue12.A.mature B.influencedC.uniqueD.independent13.A.not B.besidesC.evenD.finally14.A.idea B.wonderC.stampD.effect15.A.luckily B.for exampleC.at mostD.theoretically16.A.death B.rewardsC.adviceD.teaching17.A.as B.beingC.ofD.for18.A.even B.at allC.alikeD.as a whole19.A.Oh B.AlasC.RightD.As20.A.result B.effectC.scaleD.causeCFew Americans stay in one place for a lifetime.We1from the cities to the suburbs,from high school to college in a different state,from a job in one region to a better job 2,from the home where we 3our children to the home where we plan to live in 4.With each move we are 5making new friends,who become part of our new life.For many of us the6is a special time for forming newfriendships.Today,millions of Americans go on vocation 7in summer,and they go not only to see new sights but also—in those places where they do not feel too 8—with the hope of meeting new people.No one really 9 a vacation trip to produce a close friend,but the beginning of a friendship is possible.Surely in every country people 10friendship.The word “friend” to American people can be11to a wide range of relationships—to someone one has known for a few weeks in a new place,to a close business companion,to a childhood playmate,to a man or woman,to a 12 colleague.There are real 13among these relations for Americans—a friendship may be 14,casual,situational or deep and lasting.But to a European,who sees only our surface behavior,the differences are not clear.As Europeans see it,all kinds of “friends” flow15of Americans’homes with little ceremony.They may be parents of the children’s friends,house guests of neighbors,members of a committee,business associates from another town or even another country.16as a guest into an American home,the European visitor finds no 17differences.The atmosphere is 18.Most people,old and young,are called 19first names.Americans’characteristic openness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for us to find new friends abroad with whom we feel 20.1.A.drive muteC.moveD.settle2.A.abroad B.elsewhereC.somewhereD.nowhere3.A.deliver B.protectcateD.raise4.A.retirement B.deathC.illnessD.sadness5.A.mostly B.mainlyC.rarelyD.forever6.A.winter B.summerC.springD.autumn7.A.along B.freelyC.togetherD.abroad8.A.alone B.strangeC.scaredD.remote9.A.allows B.desiresC.expectsD.imagines10.A.form B.developC.ignoreD.valueed B.appliedC.stuckD.dedicated12.A.kind B.generousC.trustedD.helpful13.A.differences B.varietiesC.richnessD.diversitiesrmal B.reliableC.shallowD.fragile15.A.in and out B.on and onC.by and byD.up and down16.A.Moving B.FlowingC.Goinging17.A.obvious B.heavyC.explicitD.strong18.A.weird B.stressedC.relaxedD.strange19.A.with B.onC.forD.by20.A.at best B.at homeC.at heartD.at hand答案：A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。

完形填空——说明文距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

命题探究——研试题明考向说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。

说明文类完形填空多用一般现在时，其语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述，其主题明确，层次分明。

高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章的开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生把握文章主题提供了有利条件。

而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。

真题探究——解读命题之道(2022·全国乙卷)Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there's something highly exciting about 41 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 ．For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC．Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 . We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. The same 50 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldn't 52 to her.A number of 53 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them. Their 56 to the questions reflected their true57 that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply 58 mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

解密20完形填空之说明文高考完形填空题中，说明文是较难理解的一种文体，往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，结构严谨，句子结构复杂，开头点题，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，一般按一定的顺序展开，采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂，遣词用字简练，并且条理清晰。

【备考建议】1. 快速弄清文章大意结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，了解文章大意。

说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。

2. 弄清楚说明的顺序把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。

3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。

说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。

在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。

这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。

4. 注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。

5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。

每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。

（2）语法正确。

从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。

（3）逻辑合理。

在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。

（4）符合搭配。

英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。

（2012·上海高考真题）People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 9 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 10 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 11 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 12 these and other research findings, two themes are 13 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 14 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 15 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 16 , but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 17 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 18 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 19 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 20 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone. 21 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 22 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 23 rather than drunk.9．A．study B．way C．word D．college10．A．hand B．arm C．face D．back11．A．refuse B．beg C．lose D．receive12．A．challenging B．recording C．understanding D．publishing13．A．important B．possible C．amusing D．missing14．A．seek B．deserve C．obtain D．accept15．A．At first B．Above all C．In addition D．For example16．A．printed B．mailed C．rewritten D．signed17．A．talented B．good-looking C．helpful D．hard-working18．A．send in B．throw away C．fill out D．turn down19．A．similarity B．friendship C．cooperation D．contact20．A．expensive B．plain C．cheap D．strange21．A．time B．instructions C．money D．chances22．A．shoppers B．research C．children D．health23．A．talkative B．handsome C．calm D．sick9．A10．C11．D12．C13．A14．B15．D16．B17．B18．A19．A20．B21．C22．D23．D【解析】【文章大意】研究表明，出于某种原因，我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人。

第五讲完形填空---说明文专项练习第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March—41 six months out of the year.Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker —it’s like on a 44 day.”But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam（束）of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents."It's not very 59 ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60 .”41.A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely【答案】C【解析】考查副词。

专题强化练(十三) 完形填空之说明文、议论文ANumber sense is not the ability to count.It is the ability to recognize a__12__，experiments show that many animals are，too.For example，many birds have good number sense.If a nest has four eggs and you remove one，the bird will not__3__．However，if you remove two，the bird__4__leaves.This means that the bird knows the__5__between two and three.Another interesting experiment showed a bird's__6__ number sense.A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower，but the crow always left when she saw him coming.The bird did not__7__until the man left the tower. The man had an__8__．He took another man with him to the tower.One man left and the other stayed，but they did not__9__the bird.The crow stayed away until the second man left，too.The experiment was __10__with three men and then with four men.But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were__11__．It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were__12__able to fool the crow.How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good.For example，babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a__13__group.But when the number goes beyond three or four，the children are__14__fooled.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world，and that our human__15__is not much better than a crow's.1．B．patternC．change D．trend2．A.Importantly B．SurprisinglyC．Disappointedly D．Fortunately3．A.survive B．careC．hatch D．notice4．A.generally B．sincerelyC．casually D．deliberately5．A.distance B．rangeC．difference D．interval6．A.amazing B．annoyingC．satisfying D．disturbing7．B．recoverC．react D．return8．A.appointment B．excuseC．idea D．explanation9．A.fool B．hurtC．catch D．kill10．A.reported B．repeatedC．designed D．approved11．A.confused B．goneC．tired D．drunk12．A.gradually B．luckilyC．strangely D．finally13．A.single B．smallC．local D．new14．A.seldom B．temporarilyC．merely D．often15．A.sight B．natureC．ability D．belief【语篇解读】本文是说明文。

2023高考英语新高考II卷完形填空全考点解析附译文[名校内部资料]第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 42 for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them.It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy.When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 .After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffyand 52 them as soon as we got to Kansas City.The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.41. A. turn B. budgetC. scheduleD. connection42. A. food B. shelterC. medicineD. transportation43. A. desperately B. temporarilyC. secretlyD. originally44. A. appeared B. provedC. happenedD. showed45. A. waited B. offeredC. hurriedD. failed46. A. see off B. look forC. hand overD. pick up47. A. confused B. nervousC. annoyedD. curious48. A. hard B. fineC. commonD. lucky49. A. coworker B. passengerC. strangerD. neighbor50. A. speed up B. work outC. come backD. take off51. A. feed B. followC. changeD. load52. A. call B. joinC. leaveD. serve53. A. unnecessary B. unexpectedC. unavoidableD. uneventful54. A. returned B. foughtC. flewD. agreed55. A. thankful B. generousC. proudD. sympathetic参考答案：41-45 BDACB 46-50 DBACB 51-55 DADCA文章主旨：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和另外一位飞行员通过PNP计划帮助一家人把宠物狗从托皮卡运送到弗吉尼亚的故事。

命题点5 说明文本类考题解答锦囊说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明。

说明文往往结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空中较难把握的一种文体。

要做好高考完形填空中的说明文，最重要还是要抓住作者说明的中心是什么，说明文话题呈现的方式比较单一，往往是开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度加以说明另外因为说明丈针对某一个对象从不同的侧面和角度加以说明，每一段往往就是其中的一个角度或侧面，因此大家应注意概括每一段的中心大意。

最后，还要注意文章结尾的段落，因为文章结尾的段落，往往对说明的问题进行总的概括。

Ⅰ高考最新热门题1(典型例题Adults are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practised in the meantime. A man who has not had an opportunity to go swimming for years can 1 swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still 2 away. A mother who has not 3 the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star"or recite the story of Cinderella or Snow White.One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: 4 we have learned somethmg, additlonal learning increases the 5 of time we will remember it.I childhood, we usually continue to practise such skills as swimming,bicycle riding long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and 6 ourselves of poems such as "Twinkle,twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella or Snow White. We not only learn but 7 .The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习) for an examination, 8 it may result in a passing grade,ii not a 9 way to learn a school course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enoughto get by on the examination,but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, 10 is usually a good investment toward the future.1. A. only B. hardly C. still D. even2. A. move B. drive C. travel D. ride3. A. thought about B. cared forC. showed upD. brought up4. A. Before B. Once C. Until D. Unless5. 3.. accuracy B. unit C. limit D. length6. A. remind B. inform C. warn D. recall7. A. recite B. overlearn C. research D. improve8. A. though B. so C. if D. after9. A. convenient B. demandingC. satisfactoryD. swift10. A. a most B. by the wayC. on the other handD. in the end命题目的与解题技巧：本文是完形填空中的说明题材，考查学生的逻辑能力与对文章的整体把握，此类题材往往是围绕一个问题从不同的侧面加以说明，作者首选列举人们在日常生活中的经验即学会了的东西一般不会忘记，从而引出本文说明的主题“充分学习”，然后再通过日常生活中的现象加以说明，最后强调“充分学习”在人们学习中的作用，比突出学习要好，从而达到了作者说明的“充分学习”lovelearning的作用，做好此类型题的关键是抓住作者要说明的对象，再运用一定的方法进行介绍和说明。

2021高考英语二轮完形填空指导〔说明文〕与训练〔1〕及解析【考点定位】2021考纲解读与近几年考点分布说明文完形填空说明文完形填空考察考生通篇把握全文，根据上下文旳逻辑关系，综合运用所学语言根底知识,进展分析﹑推理﹑判断旳能力与语篇分析理解能力.检测考生在阅读理解旳根底上对英语语言知识综合运用旳能力.说明文是以“说明〞为主要表达方式，用来说明情况、说明事理旳一种文体.它通过介绍情况、说明事物旳特征，给人以正确思想或科学知识.说明文完形填空一般旳构造模式是：提出问题－发现直接原因－分析深层原因－得出结论或找到出路.考察学生对语言材料旳理解能力、分析判断能力与逻辑思维能力.说明文旳写作目旳是授人以知，让人明白，说明文只是说明事物旳特征，说明原理，介绍知识.考生容易摸清文章线索，抓住主题.议论型完形填空有以下特点：1、首句制胜，论点明确议论型完形填空旳首句常常是文章旳主旨句.作者一般在文章旳首段提出论点，然后在各段旳首句提出分论点.2、构造清晰，脉络有序议论文旳三要素为论点、论据与论证.论点与论据形成一体，相互印证.有时作者为了使文章脉络清楚，行文流畅，会使用一些连接词，如：on the contrary, all in all, in short, generally speaking, worse still, on the other hand, in conclusion, as a consequence等.二、议论型完形填空旳应试技巧1、叙议有机结合对于夹叙夹议型旳完形填空要把叙与议有机地结合起来.有旳考生没有注意到这一点，他们只顾选某一局部旳答案，而没有注意到事件与论点之间旳关系.2 、遵循狠抓首句原那么对于议论型完形填空，在掌握全文主旨旳情况下抓住每段旳首句是做好试题旳关键.一项调查说明，英语中60%到90%旳议论文旳主旨句都是段落旳首句.抓住了每段旳首句，再理解文章就容易多了.3、理清文章旳论点、论据与结论议论型完形填空与记叙型完形填空相比，稍微难了一些.一般来说，记叙文是按时间旳先后顺序进展描述旳，我们只要把握事件发生与开展旳过程，就能将文章脉络把握好.然而议论型完形填空就不那么简单了，如果我们不清楚文章旳论点、论据与结论，就只能莽撞地答题了，其结果可想而知.所以理清文章旳论点、论据与结论是做好议论型完形填空旳关键.【考点pk】名师考点透析英语完形填空在考察语法、表达法、词语搭配旳根底上重点考察对语篇同容旳整体理解、前后旳逻辑关系旳把握.经反复研究完形填空原题后，我们发现主要有以下考点：考点1. 考察语法规那么考察考生语法知识旳运用能力.近年来完形填空中单纯考察语法知识旳题一般不考，只是偶尔有个别考题.例如：“Can I I don’t think I can,〞Tracy said with a laugh. “But l do have ______ when things come to me for no reason.〞A. eventsB. chancesC. feelingsD. moments【解析】由后面旳when引导旳定语从句可知，前面旳先行词应是表时间旳词，所以先moments.考点2. 考察固定搭配考察考生对常见旳英语固定短语与习惯用法旳掌握情况.如动词与名词旳搭配；动词与介词或副词旳搭配；介词与名词旳搭配等.这类搭配在完形填空中时有出现.如：I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ______ the telephone.A. withB. byC. fromD. on【解析】表示“通过〞交谈，说on the telephone 或by telephone，这是习惯搭配.考点4. 考察行文逻辑考察考生对上下文逻辑关系旳理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比拟关系、比照关系等.四个选项都是表示文章旳起承转合、上下连贯等逻辑关系旳词语.如：Once he ______ sang a song in class in order to make apoint clear.A. alsoB. nearlyC. evenD. only【解析】从上下文看为了使教学有趣易懂，这位哲学教授不仅仅会借助oil paintings, music, and guest lectures等方式，“甚至〞(even)在课堂上唱歌也就顺理成章了.递进关系.考点5. 考察经历常识考察考生在日常旳学习与生活中所积累旳经历与根本常识，以及一些根本旳科学常识.如：But we run so much that, afterwards, we had trouble ______.A. speakingB. movingC. sleepingD. breathing【解析】跑得太多，其结果当然是上气不接下气，即呼吸困难了，我们一般都会有这样旳生活经历.考点7. 考察逻辑推理考察考生根据文意与所掌握旳知识经历进展简单旳逻辑推理来确定选项旳能力.如：He was reading my words out loud to the class…the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show ______, but what I was feeling was pure happiness…A. shockB. wonderC. worryD. pleasure【解析】一个学生旳作品被教师选中且在班上宣读时该会是怎样旳心情我们不难判断：愉快！考点8. 考察前后语境考察考生根据上下文提供旳信息进展分析及推理旳能力.完形填空题中绝大多数属这种题型.有旳根据上文、有旳根据下文、有旳要上下文结合，甚至通篇看完并理解才能作出正确旳选择.如：“As a matter of fact, I’ve got som eone in the office at this very moment who might ______.〞She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.〞A. hireB. acceptC. suitD. offer【解析】根据下文，这个妇女告诉他第二天可以去上班了，可见，她认为作者是适合(suit)旳.****************************************************完毕。

说明文型完形填空(一)A survey done by the University of Michigan shows a big drop in the numbe r oft eenagers who say they smoke cigarettes.In the survey, over 44,000 students in grades 8, 10 and 12, from 424 schools across the __1__ were asked about their smoking habits. The results show that smoking among 8th graders __2__ from 21 percent in 2002, to 12 percent in 2007.In the same period, smoking dropped from 30% to 21 % among 10th graders and from 37 % to 30 % among 12th gra ders.Anti­smoking organiz ations think educating kids about smoking risks are the __3__ of the drop. “The important __4__ in teen smoking did not just happen by chance，” says study director Lloyd D．Johnston. “A lot of individuals and organizations have been trying to __5__ the high rates of teenagers.”Others say the __6__ price of cigarettes is an important reason teens are cutting back.__7__ the reason, the drop in teen smoking is good news to everyone, even cigarette­making companies who __8__ their pr oduct is only for adults, not kids. Health experts are particularly paying attention to teenage smoking habits __9__ lifetime smokers often get hooked on smoking at an early age.But some say that the new figures aren’t exactly cause for __10__ . While it is true fewer teens are smoking today than five years ago, the rate of teen smokingis still higher than it was.Cigarette smoking is the __11__ cause of preventable death and disease in this country. “Our survey __12__ that a lot of teens still do not understand the dangers of smoking, particularly the younger teens，” Johnston said.( )1.A.country B．schoolC．city D．university( )2.A.went up B．came upC．went down D．came over( )3.A.result B．causeC．reason D．excuse( )4.A.figure B．resultC．habit D．drop( )5.A.bring down B．bring upC．take off D．get down( )6.A.higher B．reasonableC．lower D．normal( )7.A.Whichever B．WhateverC．However D．Wherever( )8.A.ask B．doubtC．warn D．know( )9.A.unless B．untilC．because D．before( )10.A.celebration B．sureC．attention D．study( )11.A.leading B．partC．bad D．good( )12.A.thinks B．demandsC．tells D．suggests(二)People who are cheerful and relaxed are l ess likely to suffer from colds. It’s __13__ that being full of vim(活力) and vigor (精力)helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.“We need to take more seriously the possibility that a __14__ emotional style is a major player in disease risk，” says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study’s lead researcher.In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who__15__ to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms(症状).Those findings were interesting, but they didn’t prove that a person’s __16__ affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead, it was still possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters.__17__ suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic, with high self­respect and a sense of __18__ over life. This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our __19__of catching colds.To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions), the CMU team __20__193 healthy adults. The rese archers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative __21__ they had experienced that day.The results showed that everyone in the study was__22__ likely to get infected. Their symptoms, however, __23__ depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks.Scientists__24__ a bout whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are. Fo r now, it can’t hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!( )13.A.necessary B．possibleC．doubtful D．certain( )14.A.general B．standardC．passive D．positive( )15.A.failed B．managedC．tended D．had( )16.A.thought B．attitudeC．strength D．quality( )19. A. attitudes B. sufferingsC. chancesD. emotionsC．most D．hardly( )23.A.occurred B．differedC．suffered D．reduced( )24.A.talk B．knowC．argue D．think专题限时训练(十八)(一)本文是说明文。

(完整版)高考英语二轮复习专题经典完形填空10篇附详细解析编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整版)高考英语二轮复习专题经典完形填空10篇附详细解析）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

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（完整版)高考英语二轮复习专题经典完形填空10篇附详细解析编辑整理：张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是我们任然希望 (完整版)高考英语二轮复习专题经典完形填空10篇附详细解析这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利.同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区,这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

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二轮复习专题经典完形填空10篇附详细解析（一）Soon it would be the holidays, but before that， there were year exams. All the 1_____ had been working hard for some time， reviewing their lessons for the exams. If they didn’t 2_____， they would have to retake them in September。

二轮专题复习—完形填空〔说明文〕说明文完形填空一般都比拟短。

它是用言简意赅的文字，按照一定的方法介绍事物、解释事理的文章。

但凡介绍事物类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系、功用、开展，以与解释事物运动、变化、产生、消亡过程、原理、规律的文章，均属说明文。

说明文一般有三类：1.实体事例说明文。

包括说明书、广告、解说词、人物介绍、知识小品、知识注解等〔.实体事物是指国家、城市、人物、山水、树木、花草、虫鱼、鸟兽、建筑、文化古迹、科技成果与各种工农业产品〕。

2.事理说明文。

包括理论性解释、文书简介、教材等〔事理是指观点、立场、名词概念、学术流派等〕。

3.文艺性说明文。

即把说明对象拟人化，进而编成故事，对其进展介绍。

一、命题研究说明型完形填空选材难度一般低于试卷中的阅读理解题。

在设空与选项设计方面充分表现了语言知识运用题的要求：以实词为主，名动形副等词类占全部小题数的90％，绝大多数小题都要从全文角度进展判断。

这一命题思路表现了“语篇意识〞。

说明型填空一般用言简意赅的文字，按照一定的方法介绍事物，解释事理。

最显著的特点是：1．开头点题做说明型完形填空时，要明确说明的对象是什么，是具体实物还是理论性概念。

因此，明确说明的对象是掌握说明细节的前提。

在近年的说明型填空中，作者一般在首句直接提出说明的对象。

2．结构清晰把握语篇特征对理解文章与答题极为有利。

说明文的写作一般按时间顺序(指先后顺序)、空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外)、逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因先主后次)、认识顺序(由此与彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质)。

二、技巧点拨1．通过短文抓主旨一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。

但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结，结论和点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。

2．精读短文析文章应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，抑制“思维定势〞，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原如此，逐项填空，要吃透文章，理解到位，应作到以下几点：第一点：从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在的联系点。