下载文档原格式
§语法归纳过去分词作状语和定语一、过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。
其逻辑主语为主句主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。
1. 作时间状语相当于时间状语从句；可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。
Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园非常美丽。
(=When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.)Don’t speak until spoken to. 当别人和你讲话时，你才能讲话。
(=Don’t speak until you are spoken to)2.作原因状语相当于原因状语从句或并列结构从句。
Touched by his teacher’s words, the boy cried. 这个男孩被老师的话打动了，所以他哭了。
(=The boy was touched by his teacher’s words, so he cried.)3. 作条件状语相当于条件状语从句；可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Given more time, we could do it much better. 多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。
(=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.)4. 作让步状语相当于让步状语从句；有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether…or…等连词转换成让步状语从句。
Warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.尽管农民们已被告知将有暴风雨，但他们仍然在地里干活。
高考英语经典实用 Unit 3 Life in the future要点梳理+重点突破新人教版必修5要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．impression n．印象；感想；印记→impress v．给某人深刻印象→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的2．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地3．previous adj.在前的；早先的4．guide n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导5．surrounding n．周围的事物；环境 adj.周围的→surround vt.围绕6．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受7．lack vi. & vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西8．adjustment n．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；使适应9．press vi. & vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力10．fasten vt.系牢；扎牢11．switch n．开关；转换 vt.转换12．optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的→pessimistic(反义词)13．desert n．沙漠；荒原14．typist n．打字员→typewriter n．打字机15．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.马上16．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的17．representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的→represent v．代表18．settlement n．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决→settler n．定居者●重点短语1．take up拿起；接受；开始；继续2．be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原3．lose sight of看不见4．sweep up打扫；横扫5．slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……6．speed up加速7．as a result 结果8．be similar to... 与……相似9．in all directions 向四面八方10．show...around... 带领某人参观●重点句型1．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.起初，我的新环境很难忍受。
Unit 3 Life in the future语言点学习目标重点词汇aspect, impression, remind, constantly，previous, uncertain, guide, surroundings, lack, optimistic, settlement, 小词简析重点短语take up, be back on one’s feet, lose sight of, sweep up, slide into, speed up重点句型1. as though/ as从句2. 疑问词+do you think +其余部分？3. Is it likely/ unlikely that...?4. Suppose that...知识讲解重点词汇aspect【原句回放】Below are some of the main aspects of life today. 以下是现代生活的几个主要方面。
【点拨】aspect n.方面；方位，朝向；样子，外观I feel we should look at the problem from every aspect.我感觉我们应该从各方面来考虑这个问题。
Would you give some advice to us on the health and safety aspects of our products?你能就我们的产品的健康和安全方面给我一些建议吗？Our room has a western aspect. 我们的房间朝西。
Her face wore an angry aspect. 她面带怒容。
impression【原句回放】First Impressions 第一印象【点拨】impression n.印象，印痕常用搭配：create/ give/ make a ... impression (on sb.) （给某人）留下......的印象have/ get the impression that... 有......的印象be under the impression that 原以为The dirty and seedy aspect of the bar created a bad impression on us.酒吧肮脏、破旧的外观留给我们很坏的印象。
号顿市安谧阳光实验学校Unit 3 Life in the future3.3 Grammar WritingGrammar: 过去分词作状语和定语Ⅰ．状语过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。
其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”或在逻辑上构成“系表结构”。
过去分词短语在句中担任条件状语，原因状语以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；担任伴随状语或结果状语时，通常放在句末；担任方式状语时，一般位于句末，有时也可位于句首；担任让步状语时，一般位于句首，有时也可位于句末。
一、过去分词担任状语时的语法功能1. 原因状语☞Caught in a heavy rain，he was all wet．因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
☞Frightened by the noise in the night，the girl didn’t dare sleep in her room．被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。
2. 时间状语☞Asked why he did it，the monitor said it was his duty．当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
☞Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless．在黑暗走近时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语和假设状语☞Grown in rich soil，these seeds can grow fast．如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
☞Given better attention，the accident could have been avoided．要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。
4. 方式或伴随状语☞Surrounded by his students，the professor sat there cheerfully．那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
【语法讲解】英语Unit 3 Life in the future过去分词作状语过去分词(the Past Participle )是非谓语动词的一种重要形式，其用法很广泛。
过去分词除了和助动词be / have等构成语态和时态之外，还具有形容词和副词的词性。
故在句中作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语等。
本文将着重谈谈过去分词作状语的用法，以期帮助同学们更好地掌握和应用该语法项目。
过去分词（短语）作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态几乎是同时发生，或是先于谓语动词表示的动作发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
过去分词作状语一般都用逗号同其它成分隔开，常表时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步等含义，相当于一个状语从句。
过去分词作状语可分为：一般式（done）表示分词动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或分词动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；完成式（having done）强调分词动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
1. 一般式【课文原句】Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. (P18)【点拨】Hit by a lack of fresh air作原因状语，相当于一个由as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句。
如：Deeply moved by the story, the little girl couldn’t help crying. 由于深受那个故事的感动，小女孩情不自禁地哭了起来。
【拓展】过去分词在句中作状语除了表示原因外，还可以表示条件、时间、方式和让步等。
1）表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
如：Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。
Unit 3Life in the future 一．单词考点1.impressvt 给某人留下印象——impressionn[C/U]印象；感想；印记——impressiveadj给人印象深刻的；感人的短语：impress sb. with sth.(=impress sth.upon/on sb.)使某人牢记某事impress …on…把……印在……上be impressed by/with sth.对……印象深刻have/get a good /bad impression of sb./sth.对…印象好/不好make/give/leave a/an…impression on sb.给某人留下…的印象eg:①The teacher impressed the importance of English on /upon me.②It’s important to make a good impression at your interview.2.take短语take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续做/讲；占据(时间、空间等)take down拿下；写下；记下take in消化；吸收；收留；领会；理解；欺骗；包含，包括take on呈现；聘用；承担take over接管，接替；控制take off起飞；脱下，摘掉；成功，突然大受欢迎take back收回；撤销take apart拆开，拆卸take for（误）认为take out取出take to介(doing)开始沉迷于；对…产生好感；养成…的习惯3.previousadj在前的；早先的一般作前置定语，指时间或顺序在前。
常与介词to连用。
短语：be previous to介在…之前；先于4.be uncertain about对……拿不准/不确定eg:They ‘re uncertain about what to do.5.区别surroundings, environment, circumstance环境⑴surroundings专指自然环境，强调周围的事物这一环境。
高中英语Unit 3 Life in the future知识总结新课标人教版必修5见仁见智电影对白:狮子王The Lion King对话导读：小狮王辛巴和爸爸的一段对白揭示了在周而复始生生不息的自然中，生命的真义之所在！Mufasa:Look,Simba.Everything the light touches is our kingdom.Simba:Wow.Mufasa: A king’s time as ruler rises and falls like the sun.One day,Simba,the sun will set on my time here,and will rise with you as the new king.Simba:And this will all be mine?Mufasa:Everything.Simba:Everything the light touches.What about that shadowy place?Mufasa:That’s beyond our borders.You must never go there,Simba.Simba:But I thought a king can do whatever he wants.Mufasa:Oh,there’s more to being king than...getting your way all the time.Simba:There’s more?Mufasa:Simba...Mufasa:Everything you see exists together,in a delicate balance.As king,you need to understand that balance,and respect all the creatures—from the crawling ant to the leaping antelope.Simba:But,Dad,don’t we eat the antelope?Mufasa:Yes,Simba,but let me explain.When we die,our bodies become the grass.And the antelope eat the grass.And so we are all connected in the great Circle of Life.【问题导入】解释以下两句对白的意思：Simba:But I thought a king can do whatever he wants.辛巴：我本以为国王想做什么都可以。
