2015年10月全国自考《综合英语(一)》真题及详解【圣才出品】

绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

Ⅰ.语法和词汇填空。

阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。

错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1. I can’t help wondering ________ that has made her so excited.A. what it isB. how it isC. what is itD. how is it2.________ his leg was badly injured, the boy managed to attend class every day.A. IfB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. Because3. Some 40 percent of the hired hands left before they ________ their term of service.A. finishB. finishedC. would finishD. have finished4. His best novel was written in ________ he called the “sweet new style” of the language.A. thatB. where--C. whatD. which5. I think if I ________ stay in Italy for another three months, we, Jim and I, might become good friends.A. willB. shallC. wouldD. were to6. When I arrived she greeted me at the door, her kids all ________ behind.A. standingB. stoodC. have been standingD. were standing7. Across the continent of South America ________ the Amazon River.A. lieB. liesC. is lyingD. lying8. According to a recent official report, Britain’s economy grew ________ the first quarter of the year.A. half as fast asB. half faster thanC. half fast asD. as half fast as9. Mr. Smith fully shares the view of the speaker ________ every man is as good as his neighbor.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that10. Henry’s plan was ________ the couple to dinner at a nice restaurant and then ask them for their forgiveness.A. invitingB. invitedC. to inviteD. going to invite11. Most students make a study plan ________ the beginning of the new term.A. onB. inC. fromD. at12. The family found it hard to ________ from the traditions of their own country and adapt to the new environment.A. break awayB. break downC. break outD. break up13. Three years ________ a long time to be cut off from contact with your friends.--A. areB. wereC. isD. be14. I wonder why Alice ________ to us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn’t writtenB. hadn’t writtenC. didn’t writeD. doesn’t write15. No fund has been provided to build a system ________ reading fingerprints more efficiently.A. good atB. keen onC. concerned forD. capable of16. Drying is the oldest type of food storage. Drying fruit sometimes ________ a completely new product.A. turns intoB. results inC. turns fromD. results from17. The police with a group of experts arrived at the ________ of the accident in ten minutes.A. sightB. pointC. sceneD. space18. The governor spoke to the earthquake victims, ________them that everything would be done to help them rebuild their homes.A. providingB. assuringC. comfortingD. advising19. In many countries, there aren’t sufficient water resources ________ for future development.A. offeredB. providedC. existentD. available20. The flight has been delayed for four hours ________ the foggy weather.A. for fear ofB. owing toC. for the sake ofD. according toⅡ.阅读理解。

综合英语(一)自考题上册-13(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分选择题Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空1.This is my brother ______, living in New Jersey, works as a software engineer.• A. that• B. who• C. whom• D. whichSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:B[解析] 译文：这是我的哥哥，他住在新泽西州，是一位软件工程师。

这是一个非限制性定语从句。

由于前面的先行词为人，所以引导从句的关系代词应该用who。

在从句中who作主语。

答案为B。

2.When I dropped the bread, I ______ at once, but it was already dirty.• A. picked it up• B. picked up it• C. picked it• D. picked upSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:A[解析] 此题考查代词在动词短语中的位置。

pick up意为将……捡起、拾起，当后面接名词时，可以将其放在up之前或之后，但如果后面是代词时，必须放在up之前。

答案为A。

3.Seventy guests had been invited to the party, but only fifty ______.• A. turned around• B. showed up• C. turned out• D. showed offSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:B[解析] 译文：受到晚会邀请的客人有七十位，出席的却只有五十来位。

这里考查固定词组的辨析。

turn around指“转身”；show up指“出现、出席”；turn out指“结果是”；show off指“消失”。

答案为B。

自考综合英语一答案s=txt>综合英语（一）试题课程代码：00794part one （40 points）i.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从a、b、c和d四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）1.it ( ) a lot so far this month.a．is rainingb．rainsc．rainedd．has bee raining2.jim had been studying very hard, and ( ) he failed the exam. a．thus b．soc．yet d．hence3.if you don’t want to go to the party, you ( ) stay at home.a．might well as b．might just asc．might as just well d．might just as well4.i have taken quite a few courses this term, ( ) turn out to be not as interesting as i expected.a．some b．some of whichc．those d．some of them5.the coat i bought for my brother cost me ( ) the one for myself.a．three times as much asb．three times as many asc．as three times many asd．as three times as6.bob feels that his composition is better than ( ) in his class. a．the other’s b．any other’sc．the other student d．any other student7.i had meant ( ) you about it , but i forgot to do so.a．tellingb．to tellc．to have told d．having told8.( ) for their help, we would not have succeeded.a．hadn’t been b．had it not beenc．it hadn’t been d．had been not9.not only ( ) a promise, but he also kept it.a．has he made b．he madec．had he made d．he had made10.more and more adults in the rural areas ( ) in self-study programs.a．were believed to be eolledb．believed to be eolledc．were believed to eolld．believed to eoll11.( ) an answer, john decided to write another letter to them. a．having not received b．not having receivedc．not to receive d．to receive not12.there was so much noise that the teacher couldn’t make ( ) c．himself hear d．himself heard13.we’d better not go until your brother arrives, ( )?a．had web．did wec．wouldn’t we d．sho uldn’t we14.we had these photos ( ) when we were working in the fields. a．takingb．to be takenc．taken d．to take15.all flights ( ) because of the heavy fog, we decided to take the train.a．have canceled b．have been canceledc．having canceled d．having been canceled16.his experience in the army will have a profound ( ) on his life.a．effort b．impressionc．effect d．result17.as we get to know people, we take into ( ) things like age, race, physical attractiveness and economic and social status. a．accountb．concernc．advantaged．charge18.how much do you think a pearl of this size will be ( )?a．worthwhile b．worthyc．worth itd．worth19.fire ( ) from the hospital last saturday evening. unfortunately, two patients died in the fire.a．broke away b．broke outc．broke offd．broke through20.these animals with long necks ( ) the leaves of tall trees.a．live onb．live byc．go by d．go on21.he was just too busy yesterday, ( ), he certainly would have gone with you.a．howeverb．spontaneouslyc．almostd．otherwise22.these european countries were afraid of being dragged into this dispute. it might ( ) them in a war.a．urge b．involvec．head d．lead23.( ) the beautiful weather there, he felt he had overcome his depression and tiredness.a．thanks tob．but forc．instead ofd．apart from24.i found it hard to concentrate on my work ( ) so many people around.a．during b．whenc．becaused．with25.one of the hardest parts of traveling in general is to ( ) alist of what you’ll need to bring with you.a．come along with b．come up withc．come across d．come about26.the number of car-owners is on the increase. some young people ( ) the car as a status symbol.a．look uponb．look toc．look upd．look at27.the organization has been ( ) the protection of environment since its founding.a．committed to b．loyal toc．given tod．appointed to28.he worked in a small village in heilongjiang province ten years ago. but all these years he has stayed in ( ) with some villagers there.a．conversation b．connectionc．touch d．communication29.it was not the best result. but he was quite content ( ) the improvement.a．with b．atc．on d．in30.after a long discussion they decided to ( ) those ueasonable and outdated rules.a．break down b．get away fromc．do away with d．turn downii.认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

2015年英语自考真题及答案解析1、I _______ Zhang Hua in the bookstore last Sunday. [单选题] *A. meetB. meetingC. meetedD. met(正确答案)2、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that3、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in4、100．The bus can ______ you to the Great Wall. [单选题] *A．leaveB．take(正确答案)C．changeD．spend5、Online shopping _______ very popular now. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. wasD. were6、This seat is vacant and you can take it. [单选题] *A. 干净的B. 没人的(正确答案)C. 舒适的D. 前排的7、--Jenny, what’s your favorite _______?? ? ? --like peaches best. [单选题] *A. fruit(正确答案)B. vegetablesC. drinkD. plants8、Miss Smith is a friend of _____. [单选题] *A. Jack’s sister’s(正确答案)B. Jack’s sisterC. Jack sister’sD. Jack sister9、My dog is very _______. It is safe to touch it if you want to. [单选题] *A. luckyB. deliciousC. friendly(正确答案)D. helpful10、39．__________ he was very tired, he didn’t stop working. [单选题] * A．Although (正确答案)B．WhenC．AfterD．Because11、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment12、Ordinary books, _________ correctly, can give you much knowledge. [单选题] *A. used(正确答案)B. to useC. usingD. use13、———Must I return the book you lent me to you now? ——No, you( ）. You can keep it for another few days. [单选题] *A.can’tB. shouldn'tC. mustn'tD. don, t have to(正确答案)14、-We’ve spent too much money recently–well,it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives_______around all the time [单选题] *ingB. had comeC. were comingD have been coming(正确答案)15、I used to take ____ long way to take the bus that went by ____ tunnel under the water. [单选题] *A. a, aB. a. theC. a, /(正确答案)D. the, a16、3．—Will you buy the black car?No, I won't. I will buya(n) ________ one because I don't have enough money. [单选题] *A．cheap(正确答案)B．expensiveC．highD．low17、It’s windy outside. _______ your jacket, Bob. [单选题] *A. Try onB. Put on(正确答案)C. Take offD. Wear18、When you’ve finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back one the shelf, ____? [单选题] *A. do youB. don’t youC. will you(正确答案)D. won’t you19、--Do you know _______ girl with long curly hair?--Yes. She is Mary. She plays _______ piano very well. [单选题] *A. a; /B. the; /C. the; the(正确答案)D. a; the20、—Are these your sheep? [单选题] *A）on grass at the foot of the hill.(正确答案)B. feedC.is fedD. is feeding21、71．How beautiful the shoes look! Can I________？[单选题] *A．try it onB．try on itC．try them on(正确答案)D．try on them22、A little learning is a dangerous thing, _____ the saying goes. [单选题] *A. likeB. as(正确答案)C. withD. if23、I could ______ control my feelings and cried loudly when I heard the bad news. [单选题] *A. hardly(正确答案)B. ?reallyC. clearlyD. nearly24、He didn't allow _____ in his room. Actually he didn't allow his family _____ at all. [单选题] *A. to smoke; to smokeB. smoking; to smoke(正确答案)C. to smoke; smokingD. smoking; smoking25、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] *A. leftB. sawC. joined(正确答案)D. heard26、—______ pencils are these?—They are Tony’s.（）[单选题] *A. WhatB. WhereC WhoD. Whose(正确答案)27、( ) No matter _____ hard it may be, I will carry it out. [单选题] *A whatB whateverC how(正确答案)D however28、( ) _____ New York _____ London have traffic problems. [单选题] *A. All…andB. Neither….norC. Both…and(正确答案)D. Either…or29、Have you done something _______ on the weekends? [单选题] *A. special(正确答案)B. soreC. convenientD. slim30、Sometimes only（）10 out of 500 or more candidates succeed in passing all the tests. [单选题] *A. as many asB. as few as(正确答案)C. as much asD. as little as。

综合英语(一)自考题上册-15(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}第一部分选择题{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空{{/B}}(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.They will tell you all you want to know. They'll give you plenty of ______.∙ A. information∙ B. messages∙ C. suggestion∙ D. news（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 译文：他们会告诉你想要的东西。

他们会给你很多的信息。

四个选项虽然都可用plenty of 来修饰，但是每个词的意思有所区别。

information指“信息、所需的信息”；messages指“口信”；suggestion指“建议”；news指“新闻”。

根据译文tell可以知道，“信息”更符合题意。

答案为A。

2.I believe ______ he told me because he is a man who never tells a lie.∙ A. what∙ B. that∙ C. all what∙ D. which（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 译文：我相信他跟我说的，因为他从不说谎。

这里缺少的是一个引导宾语从句的引导词。

当表示“他所告诉我的话”时，可用what he told me。

答案为A。

3.The process of dying involves fewer and fewer choices ______ to us.∙ A. average∙ B. avail∙ C. available∙ D. avoidable（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 此题考查词义的准确理解和形容词作后置定语。

全国2018年10月自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码：00794I．用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案的相应字母填在答题纸上。

（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. They will tell you all you want to know. They’ll give you plenty of____________.A. informationB. messagesC. suggestionD. news2. No one can well understand this book ____________ he knows the cultural background.A. ifB. whenC. unlessD. although3. They were playing basketball while I ____________my homework.A. didB. had been doingC. had doneD. was doing4. He enjoys____________ to various parties, but he seldom goes to one.A. to be invitedB. being invitedC. invitingD. to be inviting5. ____________the station earlier, you would not have missed the train.A. If you reachB. If you reachedC. If you have reachedD. If you had reached6. It’s no use____________ about bad weather at this time of the year.A. to complainB. complainingC. to be complainingD. complain7. There____________ a TV set, a portrait and a few books on the shelf.A. wereB. haveC. wasD. has8. I believe _____________ he told me because he is a man who never tells a lie.A. whatB. thatC. all whatD. which19. This is my brother,_____________, living in New Jersey, works as a software engineer.A. thatB. whoC. whomD. which10. I dare not go out to play _____________I might not do well in the exam.A. for the fearB. afraid thatC. afraid ofD. for fear that11. I was shocked to learn that the ____________ professor was actually a cheat.A. respectfulB. respectiveC. respectedD. respecting12. It is simply ____________to complete the task within two days.A. out of questionB. out of the questionC. out of a questionD. out of questions13. The matter is not important enough to be dealt with____________.A. at lengthB. brieflyC. at lastD. carelessly14. Only when they met twenty years after graduation ____________ how greatly they had changed.A. did she realizeB. that she realizedC. has she realizedD. then she realized15. Many students ____________ most of their textbooks when they left college.A. gave upB. gave inC. gave outD. gave away16. Tom is good at ____________ stories to amuse his little sister when their mother is away.A. making outB. making ofC. making fromD. making up17. She ____________ a scarf from the closet to match her new dress.A. picked upB. picked onC. picked outD. picked at18. After a few days’hard thinking, an idea was beginning to_____________ in his mind.2A. take outB. take shapeC. take onD. take part19. It was very kind _____________ to say such nice things to get her out of the embarrassing situation.A. of himB. for himC. with himD. to him20. I think she’s French. I’m not sure，_____________．A. indeedB. stillC. thoughD. yetII．认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

全国2015年10月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595第一部分选择题I. CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.A major aspect of psychology called behaviorism developed from research on learning. It was introduced in 1913 by the American psychologist John B. Watson, who felt psychologists should study observable behavior rather than states of consciousness or thought processes. He believed changes in behavior result from conditioning, a learning process in which a new response becomes associated with a certain stimulus.Watson's approach to behaviorism was strongly influenced by the research of the Russian physiologist Ivan P. Pavlov during the early 1900s. Pavlov’s experiments with animals proved that certain reflex actions can become conditioned responses to entirely new stimuli. For example, a dog's mouth begins to water as a reflex when the animal smells meat. Pavlov rang a bell each time he was about to give meat to a dog. Eventually, the dog's mouth began to water when Pavlov merely rang the bell. The flow of saliva had become a conditioned response to. the ringing of the bell.Watson demonstrated that responses of human beings could be conditioned in a similar manner. In an experiment, he struck a metal bar loudly each time an infant touched a furry animal. The sound scared the child, who in time became frightened by the mere sight of the animal. Watson felt he could produce almost any response in a child if he were able to control the child’s environment.During the mid-1900s, the American behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner became known for his studies of how rewards and punishments can influence behavior. He believed that rewards, or positive reinforcements, cause behavior to be repeated. Positive reinforcements might include praise, food, or simply a person's satisfaction with his or her own skill. Punishments discourage certain behavior and warn people to avoid situations in which they might be punished. Skinner concluded that positive reinforcement is more effective in teaching new and better behaviors. His work led to the development of teaching machines, which are based on positive reinforcement.1.In Watson’s view, changes in behavior are caused by_____.A.thought processesB. mental factorsC. learning processesD. states of consciousness2.In the 2nd paragraph, the example is used to show that_____.A.studies of reflex actions began in RussiaB.responses of human beings and animals may both be conditionedC.responses of human beings to stimuli differ from those of animalsD.reflex actions may become conditioned responses to totally new stimuli3.It can be inferred from the passage that_____.A.Watson’s research focus was the control of environmentB.Watson’s approach to behaviorism was close to that of PavlovC.Watson’s approach to behaviorism was close to that of SkinnerD.Watson’s research is a combination of that of Pavl ov and Skinner4.According to B. F. Skinner, positive reinforcement_____.A.has the same effect as punishment on children’s behaviorsB.is more likely to bring about better behaviors than punishmentC.is as effective as punishment in teaching children to learn new skillsD.is more effective in avoiding situations leading to repeated behaviors5.The passage focuses on_____.A.reflex actions of animalsB.various learning processesC.different approaches to behaviorismD.the importance of controlling childrenPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.The world perceives people with rich vocabularies to be more creative, more intelligent. People with larger vocabularies get hired quicker and promoted faster. So big winners use rich, full words, but they never sound inappropriate. The phrases slide gracefully off their tongues to enrich their conversation. The words fit. Big players choose words to match their personalities and their points with the same care as they choose their ties or their blouses.The startling good news is that the difference between a respected vocabulary and a mundane one lies in only about fifty words! You don't need much to sound like a big winner. A mere few dozen wonderful words will give everyone the impression that you have an original and creative mind.Acquiring this super vocabulary is easy. All you need to do is to think of a few tired, overworked words you use every day—words like smart, nice, pretty, or good. Then grab a thesaurus or book of synonyms off the shelf. Look up that common word you are bored hearing yourself utter every day. Examine your long list of alternatives.For example,you’ve been at a party and it was wonderful. Don’t tell the hosts it was wonderful. Everybody says that. Tell them it was a splendid party, a party, anparty. Hug the hosts and tell them you had a magnificent time, a remarkable time, a glorious time.Look up some common words you use every day in the thesaurus. Then, like slipping your feet into a new pair of shoes, slip your tongue into a few new words to see how they fit. If you like them, start making permanent replacements.Remember, only fifty words make the difference between a rich, creative vocabulary and an average, middle-of-the-road one. Substitute a word a day for two months and you’ll be in the verbally elite.6.“Big winners” at work or “big players” in life are characterized by all the following EXCEPT______.A. their being extremely wealthyB. heir appropriate use of wordsC. their likelihood to be promotedD. their appropriate choice of clothes7.The word “mundane” in the 2nd paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.A. ingeniousB. redundantC. colorfulD. ordinary8.Which of the following is regarded by the author as a middle-of-the-road word?A. Wonderful.B. Splendid.C. Superb.D. Extraordinary.9.According to the author, super vocabulary can be acquired through .A.the frequent use of a book of synonymsB.the frequent use of commonplace wordsC.the substitution of short words for long onesD.the substitution of ordinary words for rich ones10. The author's attitude towards people who use rich, full words is______.A. favorableB. criticalC. impartialD. indifferentPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Whether it is out of necessity or by choice, for most of us there are periods when much of what we do does not afford us satisfaction. Many students never enjoy exam period; and even in the most engaging workplaces, some projects are less interesting than others.Research shows that pursuing self-satisfying goals—engaging in activities that are meaningful and pleasurable—impacts our experience in other areas that are not directly related to these activities. Meaningful and pleasurable activities can function like a candle in a dark room, and just as it takes a small flame or two to light up an entire physical space, one or two happy experiences during an otherwise uninspiring period can transform our general state and rejuvenate us. I call these brief but transforming experiences happiness boosters—activities，lasting anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours，that provide us with both meaning and pleasure, both present and future benefit.Happiness boosters can inspire and invigorate us, acting as both a motivation pull and a motivation push. For a single parent, a happiness booster in the form of a meaningful outing with her children over the weekend can change her overall experience of life, including the hours spent at work. The outing can motivate her and pull her through the week，giving her something to look forward to when she gets up for work in the morning. The same happiness booster can then energize her, providing her with the push she needs by recharging her motivational stores for the following week.Ideally, we want our entire day to be filled with happy experiences. This kind of life is not always attainable, though, and it might be that we need to wait until evenings or weekends to pursue activities that provide present and future benefit.One of the common mistakes people make is that in their free time they choose passive pleasure-seeking over an active pursuit of happiness. At the end of a hard day at work or in school, they opt to do nothing but sit around in front of the television screen rather than engage in activities that are both meaningful and pleasurable.11. The opening paragraph of the passage implies that people do not always_____.pel themselves to do what they dislikeB.seek a more gratifying job that pays lessC.seek a well-paid job that they dislikeD.engage in pleasurable activities12. The word “rejuvenate” in the 2nd paragraph can be replaced by_____.A. invigorateB. entertainC. impactD. accelerate13. According to the author，“happiness boosters”refers to_____.A.experiences that are likely to change your way of lifeB. experiences that may help you enhance your learning abilityC.activities that last for a short while but their effect may be lastingD.activities that lead to pleasurable experiences in other unrelated areas14. The author uses the case of a single mother to demonstrate____.A.how she provides her children with a recreational activityB.how she actively pursues self-satisfying goals in her careerC.the role of happiness boosters in people’s work and daily lifeD.the influence of an occasional outing on the way people work and live15. In the last paragraph，the author .A.points out a common mistake people make in their free timeB.urges people to engage in meaningful and pleasurable activitiesC. states that it is not possible to fill each day with happy experiencesD. criticizes people who spend most of their free time watching televisionPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In 1575, the French scholar Louis LeRoy published a learned book in which he voiced despair over the changes caused by the social and technological innovations of his time, what we now call the Renaissance. We also feel that our times are out of order; we even have reason to believe that our descendants will be worse off than we are.The earth will soon be overcrowded and its resources exhausted. Pollution will min the environment, upset the climate, and damage human health. The gap in living standards between the rich and the poor will widen and lead the angry, hungry people of the world to acts of desperation including the use of nuclear weapons as blackmail. Such are the inevitable consequences of population and technological growth if present trends continue.The future is never a projection (投射）of the past. Animals probably have no chance to escape the tyranny of biological evolution, but human beings are blessed with the freedom of social evolution. For us? trend is not destiny. The escape fromexisting trends is now facilitated by the fact that societies anticipate future dangers and take preventive steps against expected changes.Despite the widespread belief that the world has become too complex for comprehension by the human brain, modem societies have often responded effectively to critical situations. The decrease in birth rates, the partial prohibition of pesticides and the rethinking of technologies of the production and use of energy are but a few examples illustrating a sudden reversal of trends caused not by political upsets or scientific breakthroughs, but by public awareness of consequences.Even more striking are the situations in which social attitudes concerning future difficulties undergo rapid changes before the problems have arisen. There have been the heated arguments about the problems of behavior control and of genetic engineering, even though there is as yet no proof that effective methods can be developed to manipulate behavior and genes on a population scale.One of the characteristics of our times is thus the rapidity with which steps can be taken to change the orientation of certain trends and even to reverse them. Such changes usually emerge from grassroots movements rather than from official directives.16.It can be inferred from the 1st paragraph that Louis LeRoy_____the changes in his time.A. welcomedB. facilitateC.objected toD. overlooked17.If the present trends continue, the earth will face the following threats EXCEPT_____.A.sluggish growth of technologyB.serious pollution of environmentplete exhaustion of resourcesD. use of nuclear weapons as blackmail18.Which of the following statements is true of human beings?A.They will be free from social evolution.B.They have manipulated behavior and genes.C.They can possibly guard against future dangers.D.They can escape the tyranny of biological evolution.19.Human beings have effectively dealt with critical situations by_____.A.increasing productionB.arousing public awarenessunching political campaignsD.making technological progress20.In our times, the force to change certain trends usually comes from_____.A. scientistsB. ordinary peopleC. politiciansD. official directivesII. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on theANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The development of specialized courts for dealing with offenders convicted of driving while intoxicated (DWI) or driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) arose after the efficacy of drug and other problem-solving courts had been demonstrated. The first DWI court in the United States was established in New Mexico in 1995. The number has been growing rapidly and there were about 400 such courts operating in 2008.Drunken driving is a serious problem in the United States. Fortunately, the proportion of alcohol-related traffic fatalities has fallen from over 60 percent in 1975 to about 40 percent in recent years. When calculated in terms of the number of vehicles on the road, of vehicle miles traveled, or of the number of licensed drivers, the proportion has been cut in about half since the early 1980s. Still, over 15,000 people are killed each year in alcohol-related crashes, several thousands of which involve intoxicated drivers. Every single injury and death caused by drunken driving is totally preventable.Most drivers who have had something to drink have low blood alcohol content or concentration (BAC) and relatively few are involved in fatal crashes. On the other hand, while only a few drivers have BACs higher than .15, a much higher proportion of those drivers have fatal crashes. The average BAC among fatally injured drivers is .16. That is, it is twice the maximum legal BAC limit for driving.DWI courts apply the successful drug court model to alcohol-impaired drivers. They reflect the experience that society cannot rely solely on punishment to solve a serious social problem rooted largely in a medical problem—alcoholism. The traditional approach of relying on punishment without treatment and accountability has proven to be largely ineffective with repeat offenders. As one judge observed, we cannot “jail our way out of the problem.” These courts address the problem by holding offenders to a high level of accountability, providing long-term intensive treatment, and carefully monitoring offender behavior for compliance.21.The first DWI court in the United States was founded in_____.A. 1975B. 1980C. 1995D. 200822.DWI courts have developed rapidly in the United States because_____.A.drug courts have effectively reduced traffic crashes and deathsB.DWI drivers tend to offend when having very high and dangerous BACsC.DWI drivers are very resistant to changing their drunken driving behaviorD.drug and other similar problem-solving courts have proven to be effective23.In the US, the proportion of alcohol-related traffic fatalities in recent years is_____.A. less than 30%B. about 40%C. approximately 50%D. more than 60%24. According to the text, the maximum legal BAC limit for driving is_____.A. .075B. .08C. .15D. .1625. The traditional practice of dealing with repeat DWI offenders is to_____.A.punish them without medical treatmentB.provide them with long-term treatmentC.put them in jail with intensive treatmentD.arouse their strong sense of responsibilityPassage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Not so long ago a school field trip was a walk through the nearest park or, if you were very lucky, a day trip to the zoo. Nowadays, some schools in the U.K. visit such exotic places as the Canadian Arctic，the Great Barrier Reef，and Japan—and within a week. What's going on? Videoconferencing! These are virtual field trips made possible by technology.Videoconferencing systems vary in the technology they use and the cost, but the basic idea is always the same: it's like making a phone call but using a camera and a screen instead of a telephone. The cheapest systems start at about £700 with a video phone, a television and a camcorder. It is possible, though, to spend thousands of pounds if you use state-of-the-art equipment and broadband satellite connections. Most schools can only afford a basic system, but even this can be a remarkable resource full of possibilities.One such possibility is to allow children to “visit” places almost anywhere in the world. These virtual field trips, however, involve more than simply bringing live video pictures into the classroom. Children don’t just watch--they take part. In a live link up with NASA, for example, children were able to speak to a real astronaut. On another occasion the link was with a diver swimming around Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. As she swam，she answered children’s questions about the fish and plant life they could see on the screen. One class has even had a live chat with Tony Blair. They were gathered around the TV monitor at school while the then Prime Minister was enjoying a cup of tea at Downing Street.Events like these are an exciting way for children to learn about science and politics by speaking to people directly involved. The children also get to develop important communication skills by expressing themselves, speaking clearly and thinking about the sort of questions they want to ask.Videoconferencing also provides opportunities for children to team up with other children around the globe. Meeting people from other countries is a wonderful experience for any child. Apart from improving their language skills, it helps them appreciate other cultures. In the past, only a few lucky children were able to experience this by travelling abroad on school exchange programs一spending a few weeks in France or Germany, for example. Videoconferencing makes it possible for many more children to come into contact with cultures.Some U.K. schoolchildren, for example, have met up with classmates in California and Japan, learning what it's like to live in an earthquake zone. Others have chatted with Inuit children from Canada. One class regularly meets with children from Finland. Videoconferencing makes foreign cultures “real” in a way not possible through books. And the fact that children can see each other on screen helps them build real relationships—make friends even-despite the huge distances between them.26.Traditionally, a school field trip may involve a trip to .A.Downing StreetB. a park or zoo nearbyC.the Canadian ArcticD. the Great Barrier Reef27.All videoconferencing systems .e the same equipmentB. have broadband satellite connectionse state-of-the-art equipmentD. are based on the same basic i dea28.Videoconferences give children chances to .A.travel around the worldB.find exchange programsC.get involved in virtual field tripsD.swim around the Great Barrier Reef29.By videoconferencing, children can do the following EXCEPT .A.experiencing foreign culturesB.improving their communication skillsC.spending a few weeks in a foreign countryD.making friends with children of other countries30.According to the passage, Inuit children are from .A. CanadaB. JapanC. FinlandD. Germany非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

2015年10月全国自考《英语一（课程代码：00012）》试题（网友回忆版）[问答题]1.阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任（江南博哥）务：(1)从第l6—20题后所给的6个选项中为第1～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。

Self-esteem (自尊) and Self-confidence ① Think back to when you did something new for the first time.Self-confidence isn’t always what we think it is.Many experts say that self-confidence and self-esteem are different.Self-confidence is about what we can do byvirtue of our efforts.It grows along with the quality of the effort.② Self-esteem is more fundamental (基本的) and is about the feeling of being worth something, just because we are who we are, and not because we have done something.A good sportsman can have a huge success and self-confidence, because .he’s good at his sport.In the same time his self-esteem can be low, if his parents have never recognized and diveasured him for the person he is deep inside, but only for his performances in sports.③ Build self-esteem if you were not born with it.Some peoplejust have it, as if they were born with it.They talk in front of a crowd of people, sell themselves at job interviews or start an interesting conversation with people they’ve never met before.④ Self-confidence isn’t something you receive as a birthgift.It’s something you develop gradually as you turn over the pages of the thick book of life.If you work goal-directed to improve your belief in yourself, you’ll eventually build up your courage to do what self-assured (自信的) people find natural, instead of developing pounding hearts, breathing difficulties and divembling hands.⑤ Regardless of fear and shyness you’ll have to get out of your hiding to improve your self-confidence.Be more visible to your surroundings.Do something else than you used to.Try yourself in different situations.We all have many great abilities that just have to be exposed.Task l 16.Paragraph ①:17.Paragraph ②:18.Paragraph ③:19.Paragraph ④:20.Paragraph ⑤:Task 221.Self-confidence is about ______.22.Self-esteem is about ______.23.A good sportsman may ______.24.A man with high self-esteem is more likely to ______.25.To get out of our hiding we need to ______.参考答案：【文章导读】本文主要讲述了自尊和自信是什么、它们是怎样形成的、如何去培养自尊自信。

综合英语(一)自考题下册-7(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分选择题Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空1.Your hair wants ______; you'd better have it ______ in a couple of days.• A. to cut, done• B. to cut, to be done• C. cutting, done• D. cutting, being doneSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C[解析] 译文：你头发该剪了，你最好在几天内理发。

want to do表主动想做某事，而本题hair(物)做主语，该选cutting，这里指“物体被……”；第二个空have sth. done指“使某事被……”，D项为其进行时，与句意不符。

答案为C。

2.In spite of what they said, she refused to ______ to the police.• A. give way• B. give off• C. give herself away• D. give herself upSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:D[解析] 译文：不理会别人说什么，她拒绝给警察让路。

give way to意为“给某人让路”；give off意为“散发出(光、气味等)”；give away是“赠送；分发”的意思；give up意为“放弃”。

答案为D。

3.He was examining Mr. Budd's face to ______ how much he knew.• A. learn• B. find• C. find out• D. discoverSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C[解析] 此题考查“发现”的表达及其区别。

learn意为“学习、研究、得知”，discover意为“发现”，强调的是重大发现，find意为“找到、寻得、碰上”，它强调的是发现的结果，find out意为“找出、发现、查明、了解”，强调的是查明的过程，此题中说“他仔细地打量着布鲁德的脸是想了解他到底知道多少”，可见题中不是强调发现的重大或是已经有了发现的结果，所以选项A、B、D都不合适。

2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试法学概论试卷(课程代码 00040)本试卷共5页，满分l00分。

考试时间l50分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2．第一部分为选择题。

必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

3．第二部分为非选择题。

必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。

4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分选择题一、单项选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题l分，共30分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

未涂、错涂或多涂均无分。

1. 我国社会主义法律的制定不包括A．创新法律 B．修改法律 C．废止过时的法律 D．翻译外国的法律2. 我国的最高国家权力机关是A．全国人民代表大会 B．全国人民代表大会常务委员会 C．全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会 D．国家主席3．下列不属于行政法律关系的构成要素的是A．主体 B. 客体 C．对象 D．内容4．成为国家公务员的基本年龄条件是年满A. 24周岁 B．22周岁 C．20周岁 D. l8周岁5. 《中华人民共和国行政许可法》自A．2002年7月1日起施行 B. 2003年7月1日起施行C．2004年7月1日起施行 D．2005年7月1日起施行6. 国家行政机关作为裁决人，对行政争议作出裁决的活动是A．行政强制执行 B．行政司法 C．行政处罚 D．行政决定7．下列公司型态中，不能在我国设立的是A．有限责任公司 B. 无限公司 C．股份有限公司 D．国有独资公司8．根据我国公司法的规定，有限责任公司的首次股东会议的主持人是A．出资最多的股东 B. 董事长C．总经理 D．职工一致推选的股东9. 我国企业破产法规定，破产案件的管辖法院是A．不动产所在地的法院 B．债权人所在地的法院c．债务人所在地的法院 D．主管机关所在地的法院10。

全国2015年10月髙等教育自学考试真题D .服务意识 A.生理的需要C.尊重的需要全国2015年10月髙等教育自学考试公共关系学试题课程代码：00182一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.公共关系作为一门学科,最早产生于（）A.英国B.美国C.德国D.法国2.被称为公共关系理论发展史的“第一个里程碑”的专著是A 《公共关系学》 B.《有效的公共关系》C.《公众舆论的形成》D.《原则宣言》3.在美国，被誉为“公共关系的圣经”的著作是A 《公共关系学》 B.《原则宣言》C.《公众舆论的形成》D.《有效的公共关系》4.公共关系意识的核心是A.形象意识B.互惠意识C.沟通意识 5.下列属于稳定公众的是A.招生时节的家长B.足球场闹事的球迷C.社区居民D. “广交会”的来宾6.社会组织目标公众中最具有权威性的是A.媒介公众B.社区公众C.顾客公众D.政府公众7.固定的僵化印象对人的知觉的影响称为A.首因效应 B .近因效应C.定型作用D.晕轮效应8.马斯洛认为人的最高层次的需要是B 自我实现的需要 D.社交的需要9.拉扎斯菲尔德提出的传播理论是A.两级传播论B. “5W 〃模式C.受众选择“3S”论D.议题设置论10.从费力程度看，财力、精力花费最少，使用最方便的传媒是A.报纸B.因特网C.广播D.杂志11.“把关人”概念的提出者是A.杰夫金斯B.拉斯韦尔C.麦库姆斯D.卢因12.展销会属于A.征询型公共关系B.社会活动型公共关系C.宣传型公共关系D.交际型公共关系13.新闻稿结构中最常见的是A.倒金字塔结构B.金字塔结构C.并列结构D.页式结构14.整合营销的最高阶段是A.基于消费者的整合B.协调的整合C.形象的整合D.关系的整合15从海外广告的发展历史来看，广告已进入一个全新的阶段，即A.广告分离期 B.整合传播期 C. 整合传播期D. 全面服务期16.广告策划的基础是A.市场调查B.广告定位C.广告创意D.广告媒介安排17.使用非广告的传播形式提示消费者进行广告回忆，以提高消费者对广告信息的记忆质量，这一整合营销传播的方法是A.同一外观法B.主题线方法C.供应面的策划方法D.特设会议的方法18.下列选项，属于组织外在形象的是A.组织目标B.组织风气C.典礼仪式D.组织精神19.组织识别系统的核心与原动力是A.制度识别系统B.行为识别系统C.视觉识别系统D.理念识别系统20.焦点事件理论的提出者是A.伯克兰B.格鲁尼格C.班尼特D.芬克二、多项选择题(本大, 在每小题列出要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

全国自考《综合英语（一）》历年真题及详解【圣才出品】2015年10月全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解课程代码：00794选择题部分I.语法和词汇填空。

阅读下面的句子，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。

（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20）1.Down about two hundred yards_____three logs right across the stream.A.isB.areC.haveD.has【答案】B【解析】句意：沿着溪流对面向下二百码的地方，有三根木头。

方位副词down位于句首，句子全部倒装，谓语动词与主语three logs保持一致，用复数形式。

B项符合题意，故选B项。

2.She has always enjoyed reading newspapers,magazines and books,all of_____have been of great help to her in television reporting.A.thatB.themC.thoseD.which【答案】D【解析】句意：她一直都很喜欢阅读报纸、杂志和书籍，这些对她在电视上的报道有很大的帮助。

两个句子都有谓语动词，且用逗号隔开，故为非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。

D项符合题意，故选D 项。

3.The reason_____his being late was that the flight he took had been delayed.A.ofB.inC.forD.with【答案】C【解析】句意：他迟到的原因是航班延误了。

the reason for为固定搭配，表示“……的原因”。

C项符合题意，故选C项。

4.Keep trying,and you’ll figure it out.You know_____they say:if at first you don’t succeed,try,try again.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that【答案】B【解析】句意：继续努力，你会弄明白的。

PART ONE I. Vocabulary and Structure (10points,1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出⼀个答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂⿊。

1. A dark suit is preferable ______ a light one for evening wear. (a) for (b) than (c) of (d) to 2. She has caught cold, because she completely forgot ____ the windows last night. (a) locking (b) being locked (c) to lock (d) to have locked 3. Go ______ on to the end of the street, then turn left. (a) straight (b) directly (c) down (d) straightly 4. I _____ be a secretary than an actress. (a) should (b) would rather (c) ought to (d) would rather to 5. It was while she was reading a book in her study ______ a thief broke into the house. (a) which (b) that (c) where (d) than 6. _____ your mother knows that you have spent the money on the clothes instead of books? (a) If only (b) Even if (c) What if (d) What about 7. Their first acquaintance ____ these words comes from the books they read. (a) by (b) with (c) to (d) from 8. ______ had the plane landed than the people ran towards it. (a) Hardly (b) No sooner (c) Seldom (d) Now that 9. The boss asked his secretary to go to a concert and she _____ his invitation with pleasure. (a) received (b) accepted (c) rejected (d) refused 10. Her husband didn't _____ to the movie that night so they stayed at home watching TV. (a) feel like to go (b) feel like to going (c) felt like to go (d) feel like going II. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each) 下列短⽂中有⼗个空格，每个空格有四个选项。

综合英语(一)自考题上册-11(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分选择题Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空1.Until then, Peter ______ from his family for more than six months.• A. didn't hear• B. hadn't heard• C. hasn't heard• D. doesn't hearSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:B[解析] 题干译文：直到那时，彼特已经六个月没有收到家中的来信了。

本题考查过去完成时的使用。

until then是一个完成时态的标志词组，表示“直到那时”，由此可以判断句子的时态是过去完成时，结构为had+过去分词。

答案为B。

2.It's just a smoke screen for ______ its expansion of the war.• A. holding in• B. covering up• C. taking in• D. putting upSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:B[解析] 理解此题的关键是知道“smoke screen”的含义，它意为“(用来掩盖真相)烟幕”，那么不难理解此题的含义，“它只不过是为了掩盖战争扩张的烟幕而已”，“掩盖、遮蔽”用cover up。

hold in抑制、控制；put up建造、给……提供食宿；take in意为将……吸入、吸收。

答案为B。

3.I didn't go to our class get-together last weekend, but I do wish I ______ there.• A. was• B. will be• C. were• D. had beenSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:D[解析] 译文：上周末，我没有去参加班级聚会，但我真希望自己当时能参加。

2015年全国职称英语等级考试（综合类B级）真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有下画线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behaviour in my class.A. controlB. acceptC. observeD. regulate【答案】B【解析】句意：我绝不容许在我的课堂上出现这种行为。

tolerate忍受，忍耐。

accept 接受，容许。

二者意思相近,可相互替换。

control控制。

observe观察；遵守。

regulate 调节；规定。

因此，本题正确答案为B。

2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. messageB. punishmentC. guiltD. obligation【答案】B【解析】句意：法律规定量刑最多为三年。

penalty惩罚。

punishment惩罚，处罚。

二者意思相近，可相互替换。

message信息。

guilt罪行；内疚。

obligation责任。

因此，本题正确答案为B。

3. These products are inferior to those we bought last year.A. poorer thanB. narrower thanC. larger thanD. richer than【答案】A【解析】句意：这些产品比我们去年买的差。

inferior to不如，次于。

poorer than比……差。

二者意思相近，可相互替换。

narrower than比……窄。

larger than比……大。

richer than比……富有。

故答案为A项。

4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. braveC. powerfulD. sensible【答案】B【解析】句意：这个组织有足够的勇气面对媒体。

2015年10月全国自考《基础英语》真题及答案课程代码:00088选择题部分一、词汇应用和语法结构(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分)(一)词汇应用(15分)选择最佳答案完成句子，请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂黑。

错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

1.Susan is above_____in her lesson.A.accurateB.averageC.activeD.actual【答案】B2.She used to be a_____child,but she is now a good manager.A.spotB.spoiltC.spareD.spoke【答案】B3.American science is constantly_____improving the quality of products.A.to workB.on workC.at workD.in work【答案】C4.It’s commonly believed that only rich middle-aged business men suffer from _____.A.fluB.stomachacheC.bad coldD.stress【答案】D5.Money from“invisible”trade_____the loss on“visible”trade.A.expectsB.expendsC.exceedsD.exports【答案】C6.The store clerk only needs to spend time_____the price into the cash register.A.punchingB.pushingC.pullingD.putting【答案】A7.In some countries,for example,the tax_____the richest people goes as high as 90or95percent.A.inB.atC.onD.about【答案】C8.As he read,Mr.Becker looked up_____to greet someone he knew.A.occasionallyB.regularlyC.instantlyD.actually【答案】A9.The author declares that interpersonal relation should be taught as a(n)_____ course in every school,along with reading,writing,and mathematics.A.opticalB.selectiveC.requiredD.acquired【答案】C10.A steel mill_____a huge area,and is a frightening place to visit because of its great fire and heat.A.takesB.coversC.containsD.reaches【答案】B11.The new traffic regulation will be in_____since next month.A.wayB.operationC.projectD.management【答案】B12.It_____to him that his son was involved in a credit card fraud.A.emergedB.appearedC.aroseD.occurred【答案】D13.It started to rain and in_____we had to put off the party.A.consequenceB.courtesyC.circumstanceD.consumption【答案】A14.The villagers are_____to dangerous chemicals released from a local power plant.A.uncoveredB.displayedC.exposedD.disclosed【答案】C15.More than half of the students graduating from prestigious universities come from_____families.A.abundantB.alternativeC.automaticD.affluent【答案】D(二)语法结构(15分)选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。