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高中语法之主谓一致
概论：谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时，要遵循下列三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在意义一致、语法一致、承前一致以及就近一致几个方面。
考点：
1. 谓语动词用单数的情况
2. 谓语动词用复数的情况
3. 谓语动词单复数视情况而定
4. “名词(或代词)＋介词短语”作主语时的主谓一致
5. “名词(或代词)＋of＋名词”作主语时的主谓一致
6. 定语从句中的主谓一致
7. 就近原则&就前原则
一、语法一致：主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。
The number of errors was surprising.
We love our motherland .
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.
To nod one’s head means agreement.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
What he said is true.
【注意】★ 由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
What I bought were three English books.
What he wants is some water.
★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语；a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语：
1 高三英语语法（主谓一致）复习
主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)
主谓一致指‖人称‖和‖数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing
football.
可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.
(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides,
as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.
如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.
No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了 两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:
The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife
and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
英语语法 主谓一致
指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。处理主谓一致问题，可依据三项原则：语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。根据这些原则，总结如下：
一.谓语动词用单数
(1)以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数动词。
例如：To work hard is necessary.努力工作是必要的。
Reading without comprehension is no good.只读不理解是不好的。
It pays to work hard. 天道酬勤。
(2)事件、国家、机构名称、书刊及其他作品的名称(专有名词)用作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：The United States was formed in 1776.美国于1776年成立。
The New York Times still has a wide circulation.纽约时报发行量仍然很大。
Roots is a novel about a black family.《根》是一部关于(美国)黑人家庭的小说。
(3)表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。
例如：Two weeks was too long.两周太长了。
Ten dollars is a small sum.十美元是个小数目。
Five times five makes twenty five.五乘以五是二十五。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.一只半香蕉留在桌子上。
4)表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词是复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.语言学是人类语言中的一个分枝。
主谓一致
Step1 定义
1. 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2. 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式上一致。
eg. I am seventeen.
She is sixteen.
There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it.
They have not come yet.
Step2. Rules
1. 例句
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
The united states lies in North America.
China daily is read all over china.
The United Nations plays an important part in the world affairs.
归纳：表示国家、城市、人名、书名、报纸、杂志及组织等专有名词作主语，通常作为整体看，谓语动词用单数
2.例句
The writer and poet is a professor from a university.
The iron and steel industry plays an important part in our national economy
The teacher and writer has come to the meeting.
Fire and water do not agree.
The writer and the poet were over there.
归纳: And 连接两个名词做主语，若and前后的名词指的是同一个人或物，谓语用单数。若指的是不同的人或物，谓语用复数。
3.例句
Lucy and Lily are twin sisters.
