3.语法精讲精练
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2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题(定语从句)考点清单一、关系代词that和which要点精讲1:1.that用作关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语、宾语,有时作表语;2.that用作关系副词,作方式状语(that相当于in which,可以省略),先行词是the way。
3.只用that不用which的场合:①先行词既为人又为物时;②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时;③先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时;④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。
【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7. (2018·全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案与解析】1. that。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题(状语从句一)学生版状语从句分类及连接词考点清单一、让步状语从句要点精讲1:though/although引导的让步状语从句although引导让步状语从句时,只能用正常语序;though引导让步状语从句时,可用正常语序,与although 替换,也可用倒装语序,与as替换。
特别注意:although, though从句均不能与but连用。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2015﹒湖南改编)________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.2. (2015﹒福建改编)_________the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.要点精讲2:as/though引导的让步状语从句as/though引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序,即从句中的表语(形容词、名词)、状语(副词)或动词原形置于句首,若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词。
特别注意as/though后面仍是陈述语序。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
3. Much ______I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.4. Strange ________ it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.5. Try ________ she might, Carolina couldn't get the door open.6. Doctor as he is, but he knows little about medicine. 改错7. Heavy as it is raining, they are still working outside. 改错要点精讲3:while引导的让步状语从句while“虽然,尽管”,多用于正式文体,且多位于句首,可以与though, although替换。
语法专题二:名词性从句1. 名词性从句的基本概念:1) 主语从句:在句中充当主语;亦可用it作形式主语,主语从句置于句末。
2) 宾语从句:在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语;亦可用it作形式宾语,宾语从句置于句末。
3) 表语从句:在句中充当系动词的表语。
4) 同位语从句:常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表示有内容的名词后,起解释、说明作用。
2. 注意:1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。
2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时:常用what 导,亦可用which表示选择,用who/whom/whoever指人。
缺少状语:用where(表地点), when(表时间), how(表方式), why(表原因)。
3) 如不缺成份:主语从句、同位语从句用that引导,不能省略;表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that;介词宾从、第二个宾从,引导词that一般不省略;it作形式主语或宾语时,引导实际主从或宾从,一般that不省略;当主从、宾从本身为复合句时,引导词that不省略。
如:He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was dis covered by his parents.4) 含宾从的复合句中,主句和从句的时态保持一致,但如果从句中表示是客观现象,虽然主句是过去时态,从句仍用一般现在时。
5) 主语从句做主语,谓语动词用单数;如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句,谓语动词用单数。
6) 当主句是I/We think(或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess)时,其后的宾语从句如果是否定的,常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。
7) 只能用whether,不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下:(1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中;(2) 在主语从句中,如果用it做形式主语,whether和if都能引导主语从句,否则,只能用whether(3) 在介词之后;(4) 后面直接跟动词不定式;(5) 与or not连用;(6) 引导让步状语从句,只能用whether。