上海交通大学2019年硕士研究生入学单独考试英语考试大纲

1、单词是性价比最高的解题方法2、结合真题背诵单词3、结合大纲查漏补缺能力的提高在于总结1、题型归类梳理2、精确细分例证题：1、标志：example case illustrate demonstrateto show to_______2、例子本身不重要，重要的是例子所支持的观点；观点一般在例子前，有时也在例子后。

3、干扰选项：就事论事48.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ____.[A] discontent with animal research [B] ignorance about medical science [C] indifference to epidemics [D] anxiety about animal rightsFor example, a grandmotherly woman staffingan animal rights booth at a recent street fairwas distributing a brochure that encouragedreaders not to use anything that comes fromor is tested in animals —no meat, no fur, nomedicines. Asked if she opposedimmunizations, she wanted to know ifvaccines come from animal research. Whenassured that they do, she replied, "Then Iwould have to say yes." Asked what willhappen when epidemics return, she said,"Don't worry, scientists will find some way ofusing computers." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.（2006 Text 1）5段Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world arefans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”24.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5？[A] To prove their popularity around the world.[B] To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.[C] To give examples of successful immigrants.[D] To show the powerful influence of American culture.In 1784, five years before he becamepresident of the United States, GeorgeWashington, 52, was nearly toothless. So hehired a dentist to transplant nine teeth intohis jaw -having extracted them from themouths of his slaves.That’s a far different image from thecherry-tree-chopping George most peopleremember from their history books. Butrecently, many historians have begun tofocus on the roles slavery played in the livesof the founding generation. （2008 Text 4）36.George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned [A] show the primitive medical practice in the past.[B] demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.[C] stress the role of slaves in the U.S. history.[D] reveal some unknown aspect of his life.能力的提高在于总结相同解题思路梳理Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it‘s obviousthat a majority of the president’s advisers still don‘t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research ——a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”. （2005 text2）唐叔总结词汇题找上下句（/ 本句句内）逻辑关系（相同/ 相反）28.What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, paragraph 4)[A]. Endless studies kill action.[B]. Careful investigation reveals truth.[C]. prudent planning hinders.[D]. Extensive research helps decision-making.历年真题链接（2000 passage5）68.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is____.[A] customary of the educated to discard ambition in words[B] too late to check ambition once it has been let out[C] dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal[D] impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambitionIf ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition —wealth, distinction, control over one‘s destiny —must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What isodd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ……There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped —with the educated themselves riding on them.能力的提高在于总结干扰选项梳理The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events-until, it appears, we begin to dream.33.The negative feelings generated during the day tend to[A].aggravate in our unconscious mind.[B].develop into happy dreams.[C].persist till the time we fall asleep.[D].show up in dreams early at night.历年真题链接（2006 text3）When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world,something strange happened to the large animals. they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction.Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.31.The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that[A]large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment.[B]small species survived as large animals disappeared.[C]large sea animals may face the same threat today.[D]Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones.能力的提高在于总结文章套路总结1、少数派2、时间对比How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. 2000 passage154.The author seems to believe the revival of the US economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the________.[A] turning of the business cycle[B] restructuring of industry[C] improved business management[D] success in educationIn just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. （2007 text3）35.Which of the following is the best title for this text?[A]The Middle Class on the Alert[B]The Middle Class on the Cliff[C]The Middle Class in Conflict[D]The Middle Class in Ruins50.Which of the following is true according to the text? （2004 text2）[A] People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.[B] VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.[C] The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.[D] Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.35.Which of the following is the best title for this text?[A]The Middle Class on the Alert[B]The Middle Class on the Cliff[C]The Middle Class in Conflict[D]The Middle Class in Ruins。

2019考研英语大纲写作部分解析来源：文都教育王泉老师对比2018年大纲，2019新大纲总体没有发生变化，仍然是在考试性质、考试目标、考试形式、考试内容以及试卷结构几方面做出了说明。

硕士研究生入学英语考试的最后一题是短文写作，根据国家教育部公布的《全国硕士研究生入学考试英语大纲》的规定，考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性、说明或议论性的文章。

短文写作时，考生应能：1）做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2）遵循文章的特定文体格式；3）合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4）根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语言。

作为阅卷老师，评定短文写作的成绩，首先看内容是否切题，是否符合题意的要求，然后看语言表达是否清楚、连贯、正确，语言基本功是否扎实，根据内容、文字、句子和用词，采用通篇分档计分，采取五级评分制。

五个档次的要求如下：第五档A节（9-10分）B节（13-15分）很好地完成了试题规定的任务。

---包含所有内容要点；（要内容与形式的统一。

不仅要有华丽的句型，还要把跟主题相关的文字加进去）---使用丰富的语法结构和词汇；---语言自然流畅，语法错误极少；---有效地采用了多种衔接手法，文字连贯，层次清晰；---格式和语域恰当贴切。

对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。

第四档A节（7-8分）B节（10-12分）较好地完成了试题规定的任务。

---包含所有内容要点，允许漏掉1、2个次重点；---使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇；---语言基本准确，只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别语法错误；---采用了适当的衔接手法，层次清晰，组织较严密；---格式和语域较恰当。

对目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。

第三档A节（5-6分）B节（7-9分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。

---虽漏掉一些内容，但包含多数内容要点；---应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求；---有一些语法及词汇错误，但不影响理解；---采用了简单的衔接手法，内容较连贯，层次较清晰；---格式和语域基本合理。

2019英语一考试大纲全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲(非英语专业)(2019年版)I.考试性质英语(一)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

II.考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

2.词汇考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录1、2)。

除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。

英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。

这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。

此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。

考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。

(二)语言技能1.阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。

对所选材料，考生应能：1)理解主旨要义;2)理解文中的具体信息;3)理解文中的概念性含义;4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申;5)根据上下文推测生词的词义;6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度;8)区分论点和依据。

2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）考试大纲（非英语专业）变化（三）试卷结构获取直播回放请添加：690586423I. 考试性质英语（一）考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。

II.考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：（一）语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

2.词汇考生应能掌握5 500左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容（详见附录1、2）。

除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。

英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。

这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。

此外，全国硕士研究生招生考试英语统（一）是为非英语专业考生设置的。

考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。

（二）语言技能1.阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。

对所选材料，考生应能：1）理解主旨要义；2）理解文中的具体信息；3）理解文中的概念性含义；4）进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5）根据上下文推测生词的词义；6）理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；7）理解作者的意图、观点或态度；8）区分论点和依据。