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Unit 2 Enterprise and E-commerce 教学要求1.掌握企业对企业电子商务的运作过程；2.了解谷歌将各大图书馆纳入其数据库这一具体事件；3.了解电子商务对传统零售业务的影响；教学重点掌握企业对企业电子商务的运作过程；课时安排本章安排8课时。
教学内容Text A How Business-to-Business WorksNew words1.retailing n. 零售；涉及直接将商品售给顾客的作用和活动2.vendor n. 卖主，小贩3.distributor n. 销售者，批发商4.horizontal a. 横向的5.transportation n. 运输，运送6.intermediary n. 中间人，调解人7.ubiquitous a. 无所不在的，普遍存在的8.marketplace n. 市场，商场9.extranet n. 外联网10.auction n. 拍卖11.individual a. 个别的，个人的12.supplier n. 供应商，厂商13.surplus a. 过剩的，剩余的14.inventory n. 库存，存货15.lot n. 一批(在一起)卖的物品16.Liquidator n. 清算人17.equipment n. 装备，设备18.bid v. 出价，投标19.aggregate v. 使聚集20.profile n. 简介21.exchange n. 交易所22.negotiate v. 商议，谈判，买卖23.track v. 跟踪24.collaboration n. 协作25.forecast n. 预测，预报26.participant n. 参与者27.anonymous a. 匿名的28.transact v. 办理，处理，执行29.enabler n. 启动者，运作者30.consolidate v. 合并，统一，整理31.integrate v. 使成为整体32.attribute n. 属性bel v. 贴标签于，标注34.structure n. 结构Notes1. in various ways 以不同的方式，以各种各样的方式2. meet the needs of 满足……的需要3. community feature 团体特征4. discussion group 讨论组5. get rid of免除，去除6. fixed asset固定资产7. display fixture陈列设备，展示设备，样品8. list price定价，价目表中所列的价格9. economy of scale 因经营规模扩大而得到的经济节约10. fixed pricing固定价格11. work on 从事于，致力于12. back-end system 后端系统13. B2B 企业对企业电子商务14. Verticals are B2B sites designed specially to meet the needs of a particular industry，such as retail. 本句中，“designed specially to meet the needs of a particular industry，such as retail”是一个过去分词短语作定语，修饰和限定“B2B sites”，在该短语中，“to meet the needs of a particular industry”是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，修饰“designed”。
![Unit2-商务英语翻译基本技巧[104页]](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/b85641abf242336c1fb95e53.png)
商务英语翻译教程第2单元教案【教学目标】1.了解商务英语翻译的基本原则和技巧；2.学习商务英语翻译中常见的词汇、短语和句型；3.掌握商务英语翻译的常见问题及解决方法；4.提高学生的商务英语写作和口语表达能力。
【教学内容】1.商务英语翻译的基本原则和技巧；2.商务英语翻译中常用的词汇、短语和句型；3.商务英语翻译中常见的问题及解决方法；4.商务英语写作和口语表达技巧。
【教学步骤】Step 1: 导入（10分钟）引入商务英语翻译的基本概念，让学生了解商务英语翻译的重要性和应用场景。
Step 2: 商务英语翻译的基本原则和技巧（30分钟）1.商务英语翻译的基本原则：准确性、流畅性、专业性；2.商务英语翻译的基本技巧：阅读理解、表达准确、语言流畅、注意上下文。
Step 3: 商务英语翻译的常用词汇、短语和句型（40分钟）1.常用词汇：合同、协议、报告、投资、利润等；2.常用短语：与…展开合作、签订合同、达成一致、提供服务等；3.常用句型：我们希望能够与您合作、我们已收到您的询盘、请您确认合同条款等。
Step 4: 商务英语翻译中常见问题及解决方法（30分钟）1.词义多义性的处理：根据上下文确定词义；2.语法结构差异的解决：根据目标语言的习惯进行调整；3.文化差异的处理：避免使用具有文化色彩的词汇和短语。
Step 5: 商务英语写作和口语表达技巧（30分钟）1.商务英语写作技巧：清晰简洁、语法准确、逻辑有序、用词恰当；2.商务英语口语表达技巧：自信、流利、礼貌、准确。
Step 6: 实践与巩固（20分钟）设计商务英语翻译实践任务，让学生应用所学知识进行实践操作，提升翻译能力。
【教学资源】1.商务英语翻译教材；2.商务英语翻译实践任务。
【教学评估】1.教师观察学生的参与度和表现；2.学生完成的商务英语翻译实践任务。
【教学延伸】1.鼓励学生自主学习商务英语翻译相关的课外资料，提高翻译能力；2.提供商务英语翻译实践的机会，例如与企业合作，进行商务文件的翻译工作。
第二单元I。
教学目的与要求通过本单元的学习，了解商贸活动中用英语表达的损失索赔及其翻译；翻译技巧中的省略翻译法和增减词翻译法。
II.教学时间：4学时III.教学重难点：1.人称代词的省略2.英语冠词的省略3。
增减法IV.教学内容：Section I TextSection II Method and TechniqueSection III ExercisesV．教学方法与手段：讲授为主，配以师生互动实训，PPT等。
VI. 教学步骤一、增减法在翻译中的灵活使用（重点）理解：增词法和减词法的方法（1)增加谓语、宾语、名词复数概念、时态、句意、副词、修饰性词、明确化词语、省略的部分（2）省略人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、形式主语、形式宾语、关系代词、并列连词、动词、系动词、物主代词及介词应用：增词法和减词法二、省略翻译法(次重点）理解：省略法应用：人称代词的省略；英语冠词的省略人称代词的省略I'm afraid the weather is not good, we can’t go out today。
天气不好,恐怕我们不能出去了。
英语冠词的省略The blood-red sun sank below the horizon。
火红的太阳沉入地平线。
增减法An American officer slipped on a banana skin。
一个美国军官踩在香蕉皮上滑到了。
Could you help me in any way?你能帮帮我吗?翻译中的省略，增减Don’t put your hands in your pocket。
I am afraid she will come.We had much rain last summer。
We live and learn.They say he is a genius。
Give him an inch and he’ll take an ell。
商务英语翻译总学时：36 （2节/周）•开课时间：•适用班级：•专业：商务英语•使用教材：《商务英语翻译》•出版社：高等教育出版社•授课教师：教学目的本教程旨在让学生掌握英汉互译的基本技巧，包括词汇翻译技巧、句子翻译技巧以与商务文体的翻译，不断扩大学生的词汇量和双语互译水平，能准确通顺地翻译一般难度的商务文体和其他各种材料。
教学方法•在课堂上主要讲授专题翻译技巧，通过讨论互动形式让学生翻译，并讲解翻译要点。
•在课后主要是通过布置作业巩固所学的翻译技巧，以章节文体翻译为任务驱动，并要求学生查阅资料，不断提高翻译水平。
教学要求1.掌握本单元翻译技巧；2.熟悉本单元的篇章翻译主题；3.熟记与本单元主题相关的词汇；4.基本句子翻译训练与篇章翻译；5.课外作业与翻译笔记。
考核方式•平时成绩占30% （出勤、课堂表现、作业）•期末考试占70%•考试方式：试卷Chapter One: General introduction to Business translation1. Teaching Objectives●To learn basic knowledge about translation●To master the translation theory: translation process and translation standard●To be familiar with translation skills: literal translation and liberal translation2. Teaching Focus●translation theory: translation process and translation standard●translation skills: literal translation and liberal translation3. Teaching Difficulties●What to consider in the translating●How to transfer the original meaning into acceptable target language4. Characteristics of the Teaching●Integration of theory and practice5. Teaching Methods●Lecturing, exemplification, heuristic method, class discussion6. Teaching Facility●Multi-media (PPT), blackboard writing7. Teaching procedure and content7.1 Lead-in Work (5mins): Importance, task, and requirements.7.2翻译的定义（Definition of translation)定义1: 把一种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表示出来。
第二单元I. 教学目的与要求通过本单元的学习，了解商贸活动中用英语表达的损失索赔及其翻译；翻译技巧中的省略翻译法和增减词翻译法。
II.教学时间：4学时III.教学重难点：1.人称代词的省略2.英语冠词的省略3.增减法IV.教学内容：Section I TextSection II Method and TechniqueSection III ExercisesV．教学方法与手段：讲授为主，配以师生互动实训，PPT等。
VI. 教学步骤一、增减法在翻译中的灵活使用（重点）理解：增词法和减词法的方法（1）增加谓语、宾语、名词复数概念、时态、句意、副词、修饰性词、明确化词语、省略的部分（2）省略人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、形式主语、形式宾语、关系代词、并列连词、动词、系动词、物主代词及介词应用：增词法和减词法二、省略翻译法（次重点）理解：省略法应用：人称代词的省略；英语冠词的省略人称代词的省略I’m afraid the weather is not good, we can’t go out today.天气不好，恐怕我们不能出去了。
英语冠词的省略The blood-red sun sank below the horizon.火红的太阳沉入地平线。
增减法An American officer slipped on a banana skin.一个美国军官踩在香蕉皮上滑到了。
Could you help me in any way?你能帮帮我吗？翻译中的省略, 增减Don’t put your hands in your pocket.I am afraid she will come.We had much rain last summer.We live and learn.They say he is a genius.Give him an inch and he’ll take an ell.Liquids are like solids in that they have definite volume.The average American changes his or her job nine or ten times during his or her working life.In most cases, bona fide party to an international sales contract will do his best to perform his duties either as a seller or a buyer.It is not rare that either party to a contract may fail to perform his duties, or his performance is inconsistent with the terms provided on the contract.The atom is the smallest particle of an element.Go into the garden and give an eye to the children.He has an eye for beauty.Please give me the letter you received yesterday.She is quite a beauty.He is the man I want to see.Take the medicine.The dean had a lot of work to do before the meeting.Science demands of men great efforts and complete devotion.In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communique.I could knit when I was seven.Steel and iron products are often coated lest they should rust.Air is a mixture of gases.Things in the universe are changing all the time.The design is considered practical.Matter can be changed into energy and energy into matter.This is the first step toward the solution of air pollution.Our railway system is being improved.The lion is the king of the animals.Reports of new successes keep pouring in.Studies serve for delight, for ornament or for ability.At the meeting he made a speech, eloquent and energetic.These early cars were slow, clumsy, and inefficient.He is queer.Arrangements have been made to give the foreign guests a warm welcome.Where was his smile and hearty hand grasp.Once you are in, you wouldn’t be allowed to get out.He entered the room, his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.There are still many difficulties ahead which we must not overlook.It seems incredible that he has finished the work so soon.He believes it necessary to learn some rules before doing it.The day when he was born remains unknown.Early to rise and early to bed makes a man healthy.The year of 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China.You don’t look very well to day.He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. Rumors had already spread along the streets and lanes.三、专业知识（一般）识记：本单元专业术语理解：商务英语中的索赔条款（Claim Clause）Claim Damages 索赔条款In case either party to a contract may fail to perform his duties, or his performance is inconsistent with the terms provided on the contract, he may cause damage or loss to the other, who is entitled to take remedial measures according to the contract and the law.索赔条款索赔（claim）是指交易一方不履行合同义务或不完全（也称“不适当”）履行合同义务，致使另一方遭受损失时，受损方向违约方提出要求给予损害赔偿的行为。
在国际贸易中，由于种种原因往往会引起索赔事件，根据损失的原因和责任的不同，索赔有3种不同情况：凡属承保范围内的货物损失，向保险公司索赔；如系承运人的责任所造成的货物损失，向承运人索赔；如系合同当事人的责任造成的损失，则向责任方提出索赔。
索赔条款索赔事件，通常多发生在交货期、交货品质、数量等问题上，一般地说，买方向卖方提出索赔的情况较多。
当然，买方不按期接运货物或无理拒付货款的情况也时有发生，因此也有卖方向买方索赔的情况。
为了便于处理索赔问题，买卖双方商订合同时，应就索赔条件作出明确具体的规定。
课后练习答案1）当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，在履行义务或者采取补救措施后，对方还有其他损失的，应当赔偿损失。
2）对发行机构本身业务需要发行债券的，所筹资金必须按批准的用途使用，债券本息的偿还自行负责。
3）报关手续由住所在该国的一方或其代表办理，这通常是可取的。
因此，出口商通常应办理出口报关手续，进口商应办理进口报关手续。
2.（1）Political stability refers to the degree of conflict and cooperation within a particular nation and between than nation and others（在一个特定国家的内部以及同其他国家之间的冲突和合作程度）（2）In recent study ,researchers found that when the level of conflict within a nation was high ,firms made fewer investments in marketing activities.（那么公司用于市场营销的投资就会很少）(3) Marketers generally assume that their efforts will be more successful where such political relationships are positive .In other words, stability is good for business, but conflict is not.（稳定性有利于商业的发展，冲突则会起到反作用）(4)Political risk refers to the risk of a change in government policy（政府政策改变的风险）that would adversely impact a company's ability to operate effectively and profitably. It can deter a company from investing abroad.(5)When the perceived level of political risk is lower, a country is more likely to attract investment. The level of political risk is inversely proportional to（成反比）a country's stage of economic development.课文译文Unit Two 索赔多数情况下，国际销售合同订立之后，无论买方还是卖方，合同的当事方将尽力履行责任。
