八年级下英语笔记

英语八年级下册第五单元笔记一、重点单词。

1. beginning.- 名词，“开始；开端”。

例如：At the beginning of the movie, there was a big explosion.（在电影开始的时候，有一场大爆炸。

）- 其动词形式是begin，begin to do sth.或者begin doing sth.表示“开始做某事”，如：He begins to study/studying English at 7 every day.（他每天7点开始学习英语。

）2. heavily.- 副词，“在很大程度上；大量地；猛烈地”。

常用来修饰动词或形容词。

例如：It rained heavily last night.（昨晚雨下得很大。

）3. strange.- 形容词，“奇特的；奇怪的；陌生的”。

如：There is a strange noise in the room.（房间里有一个奇怪的声音。

）- 其名词形式是stranger，“陌生人”。

例如：Don't talk to strangers.（不要和陌生人说话。

）4. wind.- 名词，“风”，是不可数名词。

如：The wind is blowing strongly.（风刮得很猛。

）- 其动词形式为“wind”，读音为[waɪnd]，表示“蜿蜒；曲折前行；缠绕”，例如：The river winds through the mountains.（这条河蜿蜒穿过山脉。

）5. report.- 名词，“报告；报道”。

例如：I read a report about the accident in the newspaper.（我在报纸上读到了一篇关于这个事故的报道。

）- 动词，“报道；公布”。

如：The journalist reported the news on TV.（这位记者在电视上报道了这条新闻。

八年级下册第六单元英语笔记一、重点单词。

1. collect.- 动词，意为“收集；采集”。

例如：I like to collect stamps.（我喜欢收集邮票。

）- 相关短语：collect litter（收集垃圾）；collect money（集资；筹款）。

2. hobby.- 名词，“业余爱好”。

复数形式为hobbies。

例如：Reading is my hobby.（阅读是我的爱好。

）3. skate.- 动词，“滑冰；溜冰”。

例如：He likes to skate in winter.（他喜欢在冬天滑冰。

）- 现在分词形式为skating，过去式为skated。

4. certain.- 形容词，“确实的；无疑的；（不提及细节时用）某事；某人；某种”。

例如：I'm certain that he will come.（我确定他会来。

）；For certain reasons, I can't go with you.（由于某些原因，我不能和你一起去。

）5. treasure.- 名词，“珠宝；财富；珍品”；也可作动词，“珍视；珍爱”。

例如：This painting is a real treasure.（这幅画是一件真正的珍品。

）；I treasure the memories of our time together.（我珍视我们在一起的时光。

）6. island.- 名词，“岛”。

例如：There is a beautiful island in the sea.（海里有一个美丽的岛。

）7. page.- 名词，“（书刊或纸张的）页；面；张”。

例如：Turn to page 10.（翻到第10页。

）8. hurry.- 动词，“匆忙；赶快”；名词，“匆忙；急忙”。

- 常用短语：hurry up（赶快；急忙（做某事））；in a hurry（匆忙地；急于）。

例如：Hurry up, or we'll be late.（快点，否则我们要迟到了。

八年级下册英语6单元笔记一、重点单词。

1. shoot (shot, shot)- v. 射击；发射。

例如：In the story, Hou Yi shot down nine suns.（在这个故事中，后羿射下了九个太阳。

）2. stone.- n. 石头。

例如：There are many stones on the road.（路上有很多石头。

）3. weak.- adj. 虚弱的；无力的。

例如：The old man is too weak to walk far.（这位老人太虚弱了，走不了多远。

）- 反义词：strong（强壮的）4. god.- n. 神；上帝。

例如：In Greek mythology, there are many gods.（在希腊神话中，有很多神。

）5. remind.- v. 提醒；使想起。

- 用法：remind sb. of sth. 例如：The photo reminds me of my childhood.（这张照片使我想起了我的童年。

）- remind sb. to do sth. 例如：Please remind me to lock the door.（请提醒我锁门。

）6. bit.- n. 一点；小块。

a bit=a little，可修饰形容词或副词。

例如：This box is a bit heavy.（这个盒子有点重。

）- a bit of = a little，修饰不可数名词。

例如：There is a bit of water in the glass.（杯子里有一点水。

）7. silly.- adj. 愚蠢的；不明事理的。

例如：It's silly of you to do that.（你做那件事很愚蠢。

）8. instead of.- 代替；反而。

例如：I will go instead of you.（我将代替你去。

八年级下册英语课堂笔记一、Unit 1 What's the matter?1. 重点单词。

- matter n.事情；问题。

常用短语：What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the trouble? 用来询问某人出了什么事。

- have a cold感冒。

例如：I have a cold. I feel terrible.- stomachache n.胃痛；腹痛。

stomach（胃）+ache（疼痛）构成的合成词，类似的还有headache（头痛），toothache（牙痛）等。

- foot n.脚，复数形式是feet。

例如：My feet hurt.- lie v.躺；平躺，过去式是lay，过去分词是lain。

短语lie down躺下。

如：You should lie down and rest.2. 重点短语。

- take one's temperature量体温。

例如：The doctor took my temperature.- have a fever发烧。

例如：He has a fever. He should see a doctor.- take breaks (take a break)休息。

例如：You should take breaks when you are tired.- get off下车。

如：Get off the bus at the next stop.- to one's surprise使……惊讶的是；出乎……意料。

例如：To my surprise, he can speak French very well.3. 重点句型。

- What should she do?她应该做什么？- She should see a dentist and get an X - ray.她应该看牙医并且拍X光片。

八年级英语下册第三单元笔记一、重点单词。

1. rubbish.- n. 垃圾；废弃物。

例如：There is a lot of rubbish on the street.（街道上有很多垃圾。

）2. fold.- v. 折叠；对折。

如：Fold the paper in half.（把纸对折。

）3. sweep.- v. (swept, swept) 扫；打扫。

例如：I sweep the floor every day.（我每天扫地。

）4. floor.- n. 地板；地面。

如：The book is on the floor.（书在地板上。

）5. mess.- n. 杂乱；不整洁。

例如：What a mess!（多么杂乱啊！）6. throw.- v. (threw, thrown) 扔；掷。

例如：Don't throw rubbish everywhere.（不要到处扔垃圾。

）7. neither.- adv. 也不。

用于否定句中，表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者。

例如：He doesn't like apples, neither do I.（他不喜欢苹果，我也不喜欢。

）- pron. 两者都不。

例如：Neither of them is right.（他们两个都不对。

）8. shirt.- n. 衬衫。

如：This is a white shirt.（这是一件白色的衬衫。

）9. pass.- v. 给；递；走过；通过。

例如：Pass me the salt, please.（请递给我盐。

）；He passed the exam.（他通过了考试。

）10. borrow.- v. 借；借用。

例如：Can I borrow your pen?（我能借用你的钢笔吗？）11. lend.- v. (lent, lent) 借给；借出。

例如：I can lend you some money.（我可以借给你一些钱。

八下英语笔记以下是一些八下英语的重要知识点和笔记，供您参考：1. 过去进行时：表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。

结构为“was/were + 动词的现在分词”。

常用的时间状语包括“at that time”、“while”、“when”等。

2. 现在完成时：表示某个动作已经完成并对现在产生影响。

结构为“have/has + 动词的过去分词”。

常用的时间状语包括“already”、“yet”、“so far”、“in the past few years”等。

3. 现在完成进行时：表示某个动作已经完成并一直持续到现在。

结构为“have/has been + 动词的现在分词”。

常用的时间状语包括“for three years”、“since last year”等。

4. 被动语态：表示主语是动作的接受者。

结构为“be + 动词的过去分词”。

常用的助动词包括“is”、“are”、“was”、“were”等。

5. 宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语的句子，称为宾语从句。

常用的引导词包括“that”、“what”、“how”等。

6. 状语从句：在句子中充当状语的句子，称为状语从句。

常用的引导词包括“when”、“if”、“because”等。

7. 虚拟语气：表示与实际情况相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。

结构为“would/could/might + 动词的过去分词”。

常用的时间状语包括“if only”、“in my dreams”等。

8. 情态动词：表示推测或意愿的动词，常用的情态动词包括“can”、“may”、“must”、“should”等。

9. 不定代词：表示不确定的人、事物或数量的代词，常用的不定代词包括“some”、“any”、“no”、“every”、“all”等。

10. 介词：表示名词、代词与动词之间的关系，常用的介词包括“at”、“in”、“on”、“with”、“by”等。

人教版八下英语u8笔记
以下是有关人教版八下英语u8的笔记，供您参考：
Unit 8 grammar
一、被动语态的构成：
被动语态由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成，其基本结构为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。

使用被动语态时需要根据时态和人称进行变化。

二、被动语态的时态：
被动语态有多种时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。

具体形式如下：
1. 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词
2. 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词
3. 一般将来时：will be+过去分词
4. 现在进行时：am/is/are being+过去分词
5. 过去进行时：was/were being+过去分词
6. 现在完成时：have/has been+过去分词
7. 过去完成时：had been+过去分词
三、被动语态的用法：
被动语态常用于以下情况：
1. 不知道或不想指出动作的执行者。

2. 强调动作的承受者。

3. 在科技文献和新闻报道中，为了强调客观事实。

4. 在一些习惯用法中，如“It is said that…”（据说……）和“He will be invited to the party.”（他将受邀参加聚会。

）等。

四、主动语态与被动语态的转换：
将主动语态转换为被动语态的方法是将宾语变成主语，将谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词），将原主语放在by后面，作为被动句中的宾语。

如果原主语不出现，被动句中常常以it作为形式主语。

八下英语译林版笔记English Answer:Unit 1:Lesson 1:Vocabulary: Hobbies, interests, personality traits. Grammar: Present simple tense, verb "to be"Lesson 2:Vocabulary: Daily routines, time expressions.Grammar: Present continuous tense, time adverbs.Lesson 3:Vocabulary: School life, subjects, classrooms.Grammar: Possessive pronouns, prepositions of place.Unit 2:Lesson 4:Vocabulary: Animals, animal habitats.Grammar: Present perfect tense, past participles.Lesson 5:Vocabulary: Food, drinks, meals.Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives.Lesson 6:Vocabulary: Clothing, accessories, stores.Grammar: Modal verbs (can, could, may, might)。

Unit 3:Lesson 7:Vocabulary: Weather, seasons, climate.Grammar: Conditional sentences (Type 1)。

Lesson 8:Vocabulary: Travel, transportation.Grammar: Past simple tense, irregular verbs.Lesson 9:Vocabulary: Sports, activities, fitness.Grammar: Future simple tense, time expressions.Unit 4:Lesson 10:Vocabulary: Science, experiments, discoveries. Grammar: Passive voice.Lesson 11:Vocabulary: Technology, gadgets, social media. Grammar: Present perfect continuous tense.Lesson 12:Vocabulary: Art, music, literature.Grammar: Relative clauses.Unit 5:Lesson 13:Vocabulary: Health, nutrition, lifestyle.Grammar: Modal verbs (should, must, have to)。

英语八年级下册第一单元笔记一、重点单词。

1. matter.- n. 问题；事情。

例如：What's the matter?（怎么了？）- v. 重要；要紧。

例如：It doesn't matter.（没关系。

）2. stomachache.- n. 胃痛；腹痛。

这是一个合成词，由“stomach（胃）+ache（疼痛）”构成。

3. foot.- n. 脚；足。

复数形式是“feet”。

例如：I hurt my feet.（我伤到我的脚了。

）4. neck.- n. 颈；脖子。

5. fever.- n. 发烧。

例如：He has a high fever.（他发高烧了。

）6. lie.- v. (lay - lain)躺；平躺。

例如：You should lie down and rest.（你应该躺下休息。

）- v. 说谎。

过去式是“lied”，过去分词是“lied”。

例如：He lied to me.（他对我撒谎了。

）7. rest.- v. & n. 放松；休息。

例如：Let's have a rest.（让我们休息一下吧。

）8. cough.- v. & n. 咳嗽。

例如：He coughs a lot.（他咳嗽得很厉害。

）9. X - ray.- n. X射线；X光。

10. toothache.- n. 牙痛。

也是合成词，“tooth（牙齿）+ache（疼痛）”。

二、重点短语。

1. have a cold.- 感冒。

例如：I have a cold. I feel terrible.（我感冒了。

我感觉很糟糕。

）2. have a stomachache.- 胃痛；肚子疼。

3. lie down.- 躺下。

4. take one's temperature.- 量体温。

例如：You should take your temperature first.（你应该先量一下体温。

八年级下册英语第七单元知识点笔记一、主要短语achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦one’s dream will come true 某人的梦想将会实现any other mountain 其它任何一座山any other student 任何一个其他的学生as big as 与……一样大as far as I know 据我所知at birth 在出生的时候be in danger 处于危险之中be out of danger 在危险之外cut down the forests 砍伐林木endangered animals 濒危动物even though/if 虽然;尽管every two years 每两年fall over 摔倒feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少freezing weather 冰冻的天气give up doing sth. 放弃做某事in the face of difficulties 面临危险in the world 在世界上in the future 在未man-made objects 人造物体of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一part of... ...... 的组成部分prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物reach the top 到达顶峰run along 跨越……run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去take care of 照顾;照料take in air 呼吸空气the first to do sth. 第一个做某事的人the forces of nature 自然界的力量the highest mountain 最高的山脉the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性walk into sb. 撞到某人be amazed/surprised at 对……感到惊讶protect sb./ sth. from doing 保护某人或某物不做某事keep sb./ sth. (from) doing保持某人或某物不做某事stop sb./ sth. from doing阻止某人或某物不做某事8844.43 meters high/ in height 8844.43米高1.8 meters tall 1.8米高2 meters away 2米远2 meters wide/ in width 2米宽2 meters long/ in length 2米长2 meters deep/ in depth 2 米深2 kilos in weight 2公斤重a book on Chinese history 一本关于中国历史的书as you can see 正像你所看到的那样as you know 正像你所知道的那样as you hear 正像你所听到的那样2 kilos of meat 2公斤肉the answer to… ……的答案the key to… ……的答案/钥匙do search调查black and white 黑白die of a heart problem 死于心脏病die from an accident 死于一次事故live to be 活到be serious about 对…… 认真on land 在陆地上in the sea 在大海on the earth 在地球上in the world 在世界上set up a club 建立一个俱乐部be under much pressure = be stressed out 压力大二、主要词的用法和句子讲解1．6，671 kilometers long 长6 671千米(1)用“数词＋名词(复数)＋形容词”的结构表示长、宽、高、深及年龄等。

八年级下册英语第8单元笔记一、课文主题这个单元主要涉及未来生活的主题，包括未来生活、科技和环境等方面的内容，以及相关的语法和词汇知识。

二、重点词句1. 未来生活：描述未来生活的特点、优点和挑战，包括未来科技、环境、城市和生活方式等方面。

2. 预测未来：使用一般将来时和情态动词来表达对未来的预测和猜测，例如“will do”和“can/could do”等。

3. 可能性：描述某个事件或情况的可能性或概率，使用情态动词表达，例如“may/might do”和“will/would/could do”等。

4. 假设：使用if引导的条件状语从句来表达假设或条件，例如“if…,…”。

5. 预测：表示对未来某个事件或情况做出预测或预见，例如“predict/predict that…”等。

6. 科技进步：描述科技进步对未来生活的影响和作用，例如人工智能、机器人、医疗技术等方面的进步。

7. 环境问题：讨论未来环境问题的挑战和解决方案，例如气候变化、资源消耗、可再生能源等方面的问题。

8. 垃圾处理：了解未来垃圾处理技术的发展趋势，例如循环利用、生物降解等。

9. 可持续发展：了解可持续发展的概念和重要性，以及未来如何在各个领域实现可持续发展。

三、文章结构1. 开头：引入未来生活的主题，引起读者的兴趣和关注。

2. 中间：详细讨论未来生活、科技和环境等方面的问题，包括预测未来、可能性、假设、预测科技进步、环境问题、垃圾处理和可持续发展等方面的内容。

3. 结尾：总结文章的主旨和观点，强调未来发展的重要性和挑战性，同时鼓励读者思考和探索未来的可能性。

四、中心思想这个单元通过讨论未来生活、科技和环境等方面的问题，让读者了解未来的挑战和发展趋势，同时强调可持续发展的重要性，鼓励读者思考和探索未来的可能性，为未来的世界做出积极的贡献。

八年级下册英语第5单元笔记Unit 5: Cultural Heritage1. Introduction to Cultural Heritage- Cultural heritage refers to the traditions, customs, beliefs, and artifacts that are passed down from generation to generation within a society.- Cultural heritage plays a crucial role in shaping a community's identity and preserving its history.2. Importance of Cultural Heritage- Cultural heritage helps people connect with their roots and understand their place in the world. - Preserving cultural heritage ensures that valuable traditions, knowledge, and skills are not lost over time.- Cultural heritage contributes to a sense of pride and belonging among individuals and communities.3. Examples of Cultural Heritage- Traditional festivals: Celebrations, rituals, and events that are unique to a particular culture or community.- Historical sites: Landmarks, monuments, and buildings that hold significance in a society's history.- Traditional crafts: Artistic practices, techniques, and skills that have been passed down through generations.4. Ways to Preserve Cultural Heritage- Education: Teaching and passing on cultural traditions, knowledge, and skills to younger generations.- Conservation: Protecting historical sites, artifacts, and cultural practices from damage or destruction.- Promotion: Showcasing and celebrating cultural heritage through events, exhibitions, and festivals.5. Personal Reflection- Reflect on your own cultural heritage and the traditions or customs that are important to you. - Consider how you can contribute to preserving and promoting cultural heritage in your community.。

英语八年级下册第七单元笔记一、重点单词。

1. square.- n. 平方；正方形。

例如：The area of this square is 100 square meters.（这个正方形的面积是100平方米。

）- adj. 平方的；正方形的。

如：a square box（一个正方形的盒子）2. meter.- n. 米；公尺。

它是长度单位，复数形式是“meters”。

例如：The building is 50 meters high.（这栋楼50米高。

）3. deep.- adj. 深的；纵深的。

例如：The river is very deep.（这条河很深。

）- adv. 深深地。

如：dig deep（深挖）4. desert.- n. 沙漠。

例如：The Sahara Desert is very large.（撒哈拉沙漠非常大。

）- v. 舍弃；遗弃。

如：He was deserted by his friends.（他被他的朋友们遗弃了。

）5. population.- n. 人口；人口数量。

提问人口数量用“What's the population of...?”例如：What's the population of China?（中国的人口是多少？）注意：population作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据情况而定。

如果表示人口的整体概念，谓语动词用单数；如果表示人口中的具体人数，谓语动词用复数。

如：The population ofthe city is large.（这个城市的人口众多。

）One third of the population here are workers.（这里三分之一的人口是工人。

）6. Asia.- n. 亚洲。

例如：China is in Asia.（中国在亚洲。

）7. tour.- n. 旅行；旅游。

例如：They are on a tour of France.（他们正在法国旅行。

八年级下册英语第九单元知识点笔记Unit 9: How do you make a plan?1. Vocabulary:- Schedule: a plan that shows what needs to be done and when it needs to be done.- Routine: a regular way of doing things.- Prioritize: to decide which tasks are most important and must be done first.- Deadline: a time by which something must be finished.- Procrastinate: to delay doing something that should be done.- Estimate: to guess or calculate a value or quantity by using available information.- Flexibility: the ability to change plans or approaches when needed.- Multitasking: the ability to do several things at the same time. 2. Grammar:- Infinitives: These are verbs that consist of "to" plus a base verb. They can be used as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.- Example: To study effectively requires dedication and discipline. - Gerunds: These are verbs that end in -ing and act as nouns in a sentence.- Example: Traveling is one of my favorite hobbies.- Modal verbs: These are auxiliary verbs that express a certain attitude or intention. They include "can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would."- Example: We should finish our project by the deadline.3. Expressions:- Make a plan: to create a schedule or strategy for achieving a goal. - Stick to a plan: to follow a plan without deviation or distraction. - Be on track: to be making progress according to a plan or schedule.- Fall behind: to not make progress according to a plan or schedule. - Catch up: to work to regain progress that has been lost.- Get sidetracked: to be distracted or diverted from the main goal or task.- Put off: to delay a task or decision.- Deal with: to handle or attend to a situation or problem.4. Practical advice:- When making a plan, it's important to set realistic goals and consider potential obstacles.- Prioritizing tasks can help ensure that the most important work gets done first.- Having a routine and sticking to it can help establish good habits and increase productivity.- When estimating how long a task will take, it's better to overestimate rather than underestimate to avoid falling behind schedule.- Procrastination can be overcome by breaking tasks down into smaller, more manageable parts and setting achievable goals.- Multitasking may seem efficient, but it can actually decrease productivity and lead to mistakes. It's better to focus on one task at a time.。

八下英语第二单元笔记以下是八下英语第二单元的笔记，希望对您有所帮助。

一、重点单词1. vacation n. 假期2. exciting adj. 令人兴奋的3. disagree v. 不同意4. agree v. 同意5. rent v. 租用6. beach n. 海滩7. because conj. 因为8. headache n. 头痛9. cough n. 咳嗽10. fever n. 发烧二、重点短语1. stay at home 待在家里2. go to the mountains 去山上3. go to the beach 去海滩4. visit museums 参观博物馆5. go to the movies 看电影6. stay in bed 卧床休息7. have a good time 过得开心8. feel like doing sth 想做某事9. go for a walk 去散步10. practice doing sth 练习做某事三、重点句子1. I want to go somewhere interesting. 我想去有趣的地方。

2. We’re planning to go to New York for vacation. 我们计划去纽约度假。

3. She would rather stay at home than go out in the rain. 她宁愿待在家里也不愿出去淋雨。

4. He is considering renting a car. 他正在考虑租一辆车。

5. I hope to have a restful vacation this year. 我希望今年能度过一个轻松的假期。

八年级下册英语第一单元笔记Unit 1: Making FriendsKey Vocabulary:1. Introduce: to make someone known to another person by name or title.Example: Can you introduce me to your friend?2. Socialize: to interact with people in a friendly way and participate in social activities.Example: I love to socialize with my friends on weekends.3. Extravert: a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energetic.Example: My friend is an extravert who loves to talk to people.4. Introvert: a person who is quiet, reserved, and prefers solitude over socializing.Example: My sister is an introvert who enjoys reading alone.5. Outgoing: a person who is friendly, extroverted, and confident in social situations.Example: I am an outgoing person who loves to meet new people.6. Shy: a person who is nervous or timid in socialsituations and lacks confidence.Example: My cousin is very shy and doesn't like to speak in public.7. Approachable: a person who is easy to talk to and friendly.Example: My teacher is very approachable and always willing to help us.8. Empathy: the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.Example: I have empathy for my friend who lost her dog.9. Conflict: a disagreement or argument between individuals or groups.Example: There was a conflict between my parents about where to go on vacation.10. Compromise: a settlement in which both parties give up something to reach an agreement.Example: My friends and I had to compromise on where to eat for dinner.Key Phrases:1. Breaking the ice: starting a conversation with someone you don't know very well.Example: I tried breaking the ice with my new classmate byasking her about her hobbies.2. Hanging out: spending time with friends in a casual and relaxed environment.Example: We are planning to hang out at the mall this weekend.3. Making small talk: engaging in light conversation to get to know someone better.Example: I made small talk with my new neighbor about the weather.4. Getting to know: becoming acquainted with someone by learning about their interests and personality.Example: I am getting to know my new co-worker by asking her about her job experience.5. Breaking the barrier: overcoming shyness or awkwardness in social situations.Example: I broke the barrier with my new friend by sharing a funny story.Tips for Making Friends:1. Be approachable: Smile, make eye contact, and be friendly towards others.2. Show interest: Ask questions and listen actively to what others have to say.3. Join groups and clubs: Participate in activities that interest you and meet others who share your hobbies.4. Be yourself: Don't try to be someone you're not. Authenticity is important in building genuine relationships.5. Take initiative: Don't be afraid to make the first move in approaching someone and starting a conversation.。

人教版八年级下册Unit3英语课堂笔记一、重点短语a waste of time浪费时间all day/evening 整曰/夜all the time 一直;总是come over 过来depend on依赖;依靠develop children's independence发展孩子的独立性do chores 做杂务do housework 做家务do one's part in (doing ) sth 做某人分内的事do the dishes 洗餐具enough stress足够的压力finish doing sth 完成做某事fold the clothes 叠衣服get a ride 搭车get good grades取得好成绩get something to drink 拿点喝的东西go out for dinner 出去吃饭go to the movies 去看电影help sb. (to ) d o /with sth•帮助某人干某事in order to为了in surprise 惊讶地invite sb.to a party邀请某人参加聚会look after/take care of 照顾；照看make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事make the bed 整理床铺share the housework 分担家务shout back 大声回应stay out late 在外面待到很晚sweep the floor 扫地take out the rubbish 倒垃圾throw down 扔下walk away 走开二、词法精选1．borrow 和lend(1)borrow 表示“借；借用”，是从别人那里借来东西，即我们通常所说的“借过来”。

如：①We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。

八年级下册英语6单元笔记Unit 6: Environmental protectionI. Vocabulary1. Pollution (n) - the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects2. Environment (n) - the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates3. Global warming (n) - a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide4. Renewable energy (n) - energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power5. Deforestation (n) - the action of clearing a wide area of trees6. Endangered species (n) - a species of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction7. Eco-friendly (adj) - not harmful to the environmentII. Grammar1. Present Perfect Tense- Form: have/has + past participle- Use: for actions that happened at an unspecified time in the pastExample: She has visited Paris twice.2. Passive Voice- Form: be + past participle- Use: to emphasize the action rather than the personExample: The work will be finished by Monday.III. Reading Comprehension1. Read the article about pollution and answer the following questions:- What is pollution?- How does pollution affect the environment?- What are some ways to reduce pollution?IV. Writing1. Write a paragraph about your personal efforts to protect the environment.Example: I try to reduce my carbon footprint by using public transportation instead of driving a car. I also recycle plastic, paper, and glass materials to reduce waste.V. Listening1. Listen to a conversation about renewable energy and answer the questions:- What are some examples of renewable energy sources?- What are the advantages of using renewable energy?VI. Speaking1. Discuss with a partner the importance of protecting endangered species.Example: Endangered species play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. It is our responsibility to protect them from extinction.VII. Project1. Create a poster about environmental protection and present it to the class. Include information about pollution, renewable energy, deforestation, and endangered species.By studying and practicing the vocabulary, grammar, reading comprehension, writing, listening, speaking, and project activities in Unit 6, students will gain a better understanding of the importance of environmental protection and develop the skills necessary to contribute to a sustainable future.。

Unit1 What’s the matter?1.What’s the matter with sb?常用来询问别人怎么了，也用于医生询问病人有什么不舒服。

= What’s the trouble with sb= What’s the problem with sb?= What’s wrong with sb=What happened to sb?2.常见的患病表达：1.Have a +身体部位+ache. I have a headache.2.Have a+sore+身体部位I have a sore back.3.Have a+ 病症She has a cold.4.There is something wrong with +one’s+身体部位。

There is something wrong with my head. 我的头不舒服。

3.Should 情态动词，（can, may, must , could, will, would等）Should+动词原形；一般疑问句: Should +主语+V原形。

？一般疑问句的回答：Yes，主语（对应人代）+should.No, 主语（对应人代）+shouldn’t.否定句：主语+shouldn’t+V原形。

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+should+主语+V原形？4.反身代词的构成由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词宾格加self或selves组成，意为“本人；亲自；自己”一/二人称：My self, our selves, your self, your selves, 三人称：him self, her self, it self, them selves.常见词组: learn sth by oneself 自学help oneself to…随便吃….Enjoy oneself 玩得开心5.lie,动词：撒谎，lied, lied, lying 名词: 谎言lie，平躺，lay, lain, lying lie down 躺下lay, 下蛋，布置，laid, laid, laying.6.Without, 做介词，意为“没有；无”反义词为“with”后接名词/代词宾格/动名词动词固定搭配：1.be used to doing sth…习惯做某事2.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难=have difficulty (in) doing sth=have trouble(in) doing sth.3.mean doing sth 意为着做某事mean to do sth 打算做某事词汇（红色为重要词汇）：1.have a cold 感冒2.have a fever 发烧3.have a sore back 背痛4.have a stomachache 胃痛5.lie down and rest 躺下休息6.see a dentist 看牙医7.get an X-ray 拍X光片8.take one’s temperature 量体温9.cut oneself 割伤自己10.put some medicine on….在。