下载文档原格式
万联芯城提供Silicon代理_芯科代理 labs 芯科半导体品牌电子元器件，保证原装现货，万联芯城-电子元器件采购网，专属原装现货库存，只需提交物料清单，即可为您报价，专为终端解决采购烦恼，节省采购成本，采购电子元器件，就上万联芯城。
点击进入万联芯城Silicon代理_芯科代理 Laboratories，Inc。
（Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs）是一家全球无晶圆厂半导体公司，总部位于美国德克萨斯州奥斯汀市。
Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs为物联网（IoT），互联网基础设施，工业自动化，消费者和汽车市场提供芯片，软件和解决方案。
Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs成立于1996年，是射频和CMOS集成的先驱，开发出款用于手机的CMOS射频合成器。
自公司成立以来，Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs一直专注于连接解决方案，从PC调制解调器开始，近成为物联网（IoT）解决方案的领先提供商，重点是连接性，性能，节能和简单性。
其产品包括微控制器（MCU），无线SoC，定时设备，低功耗传感器和广播解决方案。
Silicon代理_芯科代理的软件堆栈解决方案包括固件库，基于协议的软件和Simplicity Studio开发平台。
Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs已经在全球范围内出货了超过70亿台设备[4]，已发布和待定的1,600多项专利[5]。
Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs总部位于德克萨斯州奥斯汀，在全球拥有约1,400名[6]员工，并在美国，欧洲，亚洲和澳大利亚设有销售，研发办事处。
Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs的客户包括三星，华为，LG，思科，阿尔卡特，哈曼贝克尔和Technicolor。
.1996年由Crystal Semiconductor-Nav Sooch，Dave Welland和JeffScott三位校友创立的公司2000年Silicon代理_芯科代理labs成为一家上市公司2001推出一系列时钟发生器，专为高速通信系统而设计2003收购Cygnal Integrated Products，这是一家位于奥斯汀的模拟密集型8位MCU创新企业2003通过模拟密集型高速8位MCU进入混合信号MCU市场2004年个利用DSPLL技术的晶体振荡器系列简化了复杂的制造步骤2005收购位于奥斯汀的Silicon代理_芯科代理 Magike公司，Silicon代理_芯科代理开发的高压，高性能混合信号IC，包括以太网供电（PoE）2005年推出单芯片FM接收器，占用空间小，性能高，减少元件数量和电路板空间2006收购位于法国Rennes的Silembia公司，Silicon代理_芯科代理提供用于数字解调和信道解码的半导体知识产权2007恩智浦半导体收购了Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs的蜂窝通信业务，使Silicon代理_芯科代理 Labs重点关注其核心混合信号产品和技术2008收购了位于硅谷的混合信号无线，音频和电源管理IC供应商Integration Associates2009推出单芯片混合电视调谐器，消除了许多分立元件2010年收购位于加利福尼亚州的时钟解决方案提供商Silicon代理_芯科代理 Clocks2010收购位于爱尔兰Limerick的传感器解决方案提供商ChipSensors2011收购SpectraLinear，[7]硅谷时钟IC供应商，专为大批量消费，企业，通信和嵌入式应用而设计2012使用具有USB和非USB选项的Precision32系列混合信号MCU进入基于ARM的32位MCU市场。
硅及其化合物的性质和(硅酮)应用作者：童丹璐【摘要】 硅及其化合物在物理性质及化学性质方面均具有其明显的特点，从而使其在电子、汽车、电气、建筑、纤维产业直至日常生活中均具有广泛应用。
本文将从硅及其化合物的性质和应用等方面进行全面的介绍，使读者对它们有更深入的了解。
【关键词】 硅 二氧化硅 硅酸盐 硅酸 硅酮（Silicon ）的学名来自拉丁文Silex,意为燧石。
地壳中硅的含量极为丰富，其元素丰度在20%以上。
居地壳元素丰度第二位。
常温下硅的化学性质非常稳定，但在自然界中它却从不以单质形式出现。
自然界硅的存在形式主要是硅酸盐和二氧化硅。
硅酸盐在地壳的分布极广，其中包括云母石、长石、沸石及石榴石等矿物。
而遍布地表的粘土则是多种硅酸盐的集合体。
自然界的二氧化硅通常以晶体的形态出现。
花岗岩、正长岩、纹岩、石英岩、碧玉、红玉髓、蛋白石及燧石等的主要成分都是二氧化硅，并且几乎所有变质岩中都混有硅石。
此外，二氧化硅也是常见砂石的主要成分。
尽管硅的化合物（如硅酸盐和二氧化硅）早已为人们所熟知，但直到1823年，Berzelins 才用钾还原氧硅酸钾： Si KF K SiF K +→+6462，得到了硅单质。
是什么原因导致硅元素的提取如此困难？答案大致可分为以下两方面：其一，天然硅酸盐具有高度化学惰性，几乎不为一般化学试剂所侵蚀；其二，这类硅酸盐的组成与结构十分复杂，不易认识。
种种原因导致对硅元素的研究迟迟未能展开。
因此，严格地说，硅化学应属于近代化学之范畴。
天然硅由28Si,29Si 及30Si 三种稳定同位素组成，它们的同位素丰度分别为：28Si92.23%;29Si 4.67%;30Si 3.1%，平均原子量为28.086。
此外，已经发现的硅同位素还有25Si 、26Si 、27Si 、31Si 、32 Si 、33 Si 、35 Si 和36 Si 等八种放射性同位素。
自然界并不存在硅的放射性同位素，都是人工合成的。
浅谈Silicon Photonics芯片Silicon Photonics芯片吸引着公司和研究人员的主要原因是成本低，功耗低，其中Si是导光的良好材料。
随着CMOS晶体管尺寸逐渐减小，光学器件却无法继续缩减，成了研究人员极其关注的一个研究方向。
其实，从上个世纪八九十年代开始，谈摩尔定律色变的各位先行者就开始探索半导体芯片的继任者，企图在硅芯片发展到物理极限时取而代之。
笔者还记得当初上学时，老师告诉我们CMOS工艺发展到十几纳米左右就会到物理极限。
结果现在7nm的芯片都造出来了，代替CMOS工艺的成熟技术还没有大规模应用。
这里，我们就介绍一下一种传说中在More than Moore中的技术。
Silicon Photonics。
早在1969年，贝尔实验室的ler首次提出了集成光学的概念。
随着微电子集成电路的发展，1972年，S.Somekh和A.Yarive提出了在同一半导体衬底上集成光学器件和电器件的设想。
上世纪90年代，随着硅基集成电路尺寸逐渐减小，其特征尺寸已进入光通讯波长范围。
另外，Si和SiO2材料之间的折射率差别较大，（Si大约3.45，SiO2大约1.44），容易发生全反射，这也有利于减小光集成器件尺寸，提高光芯片的密度。
然而，从另一方面来说，在CMOS晶体管尺寸已经缩小到10nm左右的今天，由于光学衍射效应，集成光学器件的尺寸无法继续缩小，这也在一方面限制了硅光芯片的发展。
因此，目前所说的Photonic Integrated Circuits （PIC），都是指在片上集成光连接和光电转换器件，再转换成电学信号用CMOS集成电路进行处理。
而不再是如最初提出时一般，用光学器件来完全取代晶体管。
正如上图所示，现在我们也只是发展到光纤到户，许多data center会用到光纤的板级互连。
但最下面的芯片级通讯，现在各大公司和科研院所已经有了demo的chip，100G的模块已经基本成熟，但距离市场级的全面应用还尚有很大的距离。
硅及其化合物（Silicon and its compounds）[lesson] carbon group elements[requirements]1. Understand the similarity and degeneration of the properties of carbon elements and the properties of carbon elemental and its compounds3. Master the main properties of silicon single and important compounds, and understand the silicate industry and inorganic non-metallic materialsThe properties of carbon, silicon and its compounds, as well as the transformation of carbon, silicon, and compounds[basic review]The family of carbon elements in the periodic table, including elements. The atom has four electrons in its outermost shell, and it's not easy to lose electrons in the reaction, and it's not easy to get electrons, and it usually forms a combination of electrons and other elements. Its main price is + 2 + 4. The element of carbon increases from top to bottom, and thenon-metallic nature gradually decreases, and the gold is gradually strengthened. Most of them can form gaseous hydrides, and their stability wears off. The highest oxide corresponds to the acidity of the hydrates.[ramming foundation]I. knowledge network:Transformation of carbon and its compounds. The transformation of silicon and its compoundsOne: carbon element (the property of carbon elements)Element symbols and namesMajor valenceSingle color, statehydrideMajor oxideThe highest oxide corresponds to hydratesimilarityPass degenerationTest point two carbon and its compounds1. Carbon single matter(1) allotropediamondgraphiteC60structureTetrahedron, space network, atomic crystalThe plane layer is a hexagonCage (soccer) molecular crystalMain propertiesMelt, boiling point high, hardness, difficult to dissolve in solvent, not conductiveThe melting point is high, soft and smooth, and conductiveIt can be mixed with metal to form a superconductoruseDiamonds, knives, decorationsElectrode, pencil core, lubricantApplied to material scienceNote: common allotropesDiamond, graphite, C60 O2, O3 P4 (white phosphorus), red phosphorus crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon(2) chemical properties (flammability, reductive)Carbon compounds(1) oxide (CO, CO2)The nature of theCarbon monoxide COCO2 CO2Physical propertiesColor, state, tasteColorless and odorless gasColorless, odorless gasThe toxicity oftoxicIt's not toxic, it's a greenhouse effect but not an atmospheric pollutantComparison of density with airA slightly smallerbigsolubilityPoorly soluble in waterSoluble in waterChemical properties1. Flammability2 co 2 co2 + O2 to ignite1. Cannot burn, or support combustion2. ReductiveCuO + CO delta Cu + CO2Oxidation C + CO2 high temperature 2CO3. Can react with alkaline solutions such as clarified water CO2 plus Ca (OH) 2 = CaCO34. Can react with waterH2O + CO2 = H2CO3Thinking: how to remove the gas from CO and CO22. CO2 in CO gas (the gas is filled with gas cylinders containing sodium hydroxide solution)2. Carbon dioxide gas mixed with CO (gas through rigid glass tube in hot CuO)2. 2 (2) 2. 2 (2)Carbon dioxide gas mixed with SO2 (gas is used to clean gas cylinders containing sodium bicarbonate solution or acid potassium permanganate solution)In the CO2 gas, HCl is mixed (gas is used to clean gas cylinders with sodium bicarbonate solution)In the CO2 gas, H2S are mixed (gas is poured into a gas cylinder containing copper sulfate solution)(2) NaHCO3, Na2CO3 (mentioned in metal and its compounds)The following method of removing impurities is correctA. Remove the CO in CO2B. In addition to BaCO3 solids mixed with BaSO4: after adding excess hydrochloric acid, filtration and washingC. Remove FeCl3 from FeCl2 solution: add excess iron powder and filterD. Remove the CuO from the Cu powder: after a moderate amount of dilute nitric acid, filter and washTest point three silicon and its compounds1. The elemental silicon(1) main physical propertiesSingle silicon has crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon, crystalline silicon is gray black, metallic luster, hard and brittle solid. Its structure is similar to diamond, melting, boiling point higher, is good semiconductor material.(2) chemical propertiesThere is no free silicon in nature, and silicon in the common chemical phase is SiO2 and silicate. Normal temperature is stable and can only react with F2, HF and NaOH solution. In the case of heating, you can react with O2 and Cl2.(3) industrial process of siliconIn industry, the reduction of SiO2 with coke in the furnace is obtained, and the chemical equation is SiO2 + 2C Si + 2COPurification: Si + 2Cl2 SiCl4 + 2H2 Si + 4HCl(4) use of siliconSilicon is a good semiconductor material that can be used to make integrated circuits, transistors, silicon rectifiers, and silicon solar cells.Silicon dioxide(1) the atomic crystal, which has a tetrahedral structure, does not dissolve in water.Quartz crucible, agate accessories, quartz optical fiber, used in the laboratory of silica as the main component (the relationship between silica, quartz, crystal, agate).(2) chemical propertiesThe weak oxidizing properties of acid oxide(3) use: 1. Skeleton of the information highway. 2. Quartz crucible, quartz glass, quartz clock, etc3. Optical instrument and process accessories (crystal, agate)Think: 1. Why the glass reagent of alkaline solution cannot be used with glass, and rubber plug or cork.2. How to preserve Na2SiO3 and other alkaline solutions in the laboratory?3. Based on common sense, try to compare the boiling point ofcarbon dioxide and silica. Why?4. How to prepare silicic acid from silica?22. The following statements about silicon elemental and its compounds are correctSilicon is the basic element of some rocks and minerals. The cement, glass, and crystal ornaments are silicate productsThe high purity of silicon is widely used in the production of fibre-optic ceramic, which is a very early application of silicate materialsA. in b. in c. in d. in2. Indicate the chemical nature or function of SiO2 in the following reactions, and choose the correct answer in the A ~ D optionIn parentheses.(1) SiO2 naoh + 2 = Na2SiO3 + H2O ()(2) SiO2 + Na2CO3 Na2SiO3 + CO2 write ()(3) Si SiO2 + 2 c + 2 co write ()(4) SiO2 hf + 4 = SiF4 write + 2 h2o ()A. the glass is consumed and the glass is corrodedB. oxidizingC. acidic oxideD. Exchange volatile anhydride from its saltThe application of silicon elemental and its compound is very wide. Please answer the following questions:(1) silicon semiconductor materials must be prepared with high purity silicon first. Trichlorosilane (SiHCl3) reduction method is the main method of preparing high purity silicon at present, the production process diagram is as follows:The chemical reaction equation of high purity silicon was prepared by pure SiHCl3.The whole preparation process must be strictly controlled without water and oxygen. SiHCl3 reacts violently to produce H2SiO3, HCl and other substances, and writes out the chemical reaction equation of the balance. In the process of H2 reduction of SihCl3, if it is mixed 02, the possible consequence is.(2) the following information about silicon is correct (to fill in the letter).A. The chemical properties of silicon carbide are stable and can be used in the production of high-temperature water mixingB. Silicon nitride has a high hardness and high melting point,which can be used to make high temperature ceramics and bearingsC. ordinary glass is made of pure alkali, limestone and quartz sand, and its melting point is highD. hydrochloric acid can react with silicon, so it is used to polish single crystal silicon with hydrochloric acid(3) sodium silicate water solution is commonly known as water glass. A small amount of sodium silicate solution was used in the test tube, and the solution of saturated ammonium chloride was added. Write an experiment and give an explanation.3. Silicate and silicate(1) silicic acid(1) properties: silicic acid is a weak acid that is insoluble in water, and its acidity is weaker than carbonic acid; silicic acid cannot make the purple litmus test liquid red.The acid is unstable and the heat is easy to break down: H2SiO3 SiO2 + H2O.The reaction of silicic acid to alkali solution, such as the chemical equation with NaOH solution, is:H2SiO3 naoh + 2 = Na2SiO3 + 2 h2o.In water, silicic acid is easily polymerized to form colloid. Lower concentration - colorless transparent solution; When theconcentration is larger -- the gel. Silica gel drying part dehydration after the formation of the porous solid, and silicate adhesive, also known as silica gel, water adsorption ability (physical adsorption method), commonly used as a desiccant, also used as the carrier of catalyst.(2) preparation: silicate can be prepared through soluble silicates and other acid reactions. The chemical equation of reaction is:Na2SiO3 + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2SiO3, Na2SiO3 + CO2 + H2O = Na2CO3 + H2SiO3.(2) silicate(1) silicates are the general name of compounds composed of silicon, oxygen and metals. Silicates are complex structures that are generally insoluble in water. The chemical properties are stable and are usually represented in the form of silica and metal oxides.(2) the composition of the following silicates is expressed in the form of oxide.Sodium silicate: Na2SiO3 Na2O · SiO2;Calcium silicate: CaSiO3 CaO · SiO2;Kaolinite: Al2 (Si2O5) (OH) 4 Al2O3 · 2SiO2 · 2H2O.In particular, silicates are expressed in the form of oxidesdue to their complex composition.The order of oxides: active metal oxide, reactive metal oxide, silica, waterThe principle of pre-oxide coefficient configuration: except oxygen, other elements are allocated according to the conservation principle of the number of atoms before and after the configuration.Note: the oxide is separated by "·" The coefficient configuration appears to be an integer.A special case of silicon and its compound knowledgeDeepen understanding of the particularity of silicon:1. Non-metallic single matter is generally non-conductor (such as sulfur), but Si is semiconductor.2. Non-metallic single and base reactions are generallynon-metallic dismutation reactions (non-metals are both oxidizing and reducing agents), while Si and lye are only used as reducing agents.Si + naoh + 2 H2O + 2 = Na2SiO3 h2 write (Cl2 naoh + 2 = NaClO + NaCl + H2O)3 C, Si belong to Ⅳ A clan, reducing Si is larger than C, butC will Si reduction from the SiO2 (condition is high temperature), the reason is the product of CO gas quickly escapefrom the reaction system.SiO2 Si + 2 c + 2 co write4. Non-metallic monominis generally do not interact with non-oxidizing acids, while Si can react with HF.Si + 4 hf = SiF4 write + 2 h2 write5. Acid oxides generally do not react with acid, but SiO2 can work with HF.SiO2 hf + 4 = SiF4 write + 2 h2o6. Inorganic acids are generally soluble in water, while H2SiO3 and H4SiO4 are not soluble in water."Glass is not glass, and alkali is salt", this is the portrayal of Na2SiO3, which is known as "water glass", but it is very different from glass. Na2SiO3 is alkaline for hydrolysis, but it is not a base, but salt.In silicate, silicon only shows a + 4 price, which is shown in SiH4 and Mg2Si.3 (2008 · huanggang simulation) asbestos is a kind of compressive strength, flexibility, heat resistance, high temperature resistance and acid and alkali resistanceCorrosion, and cheap silicates. Asbestos is toxic, and people are susceptible to lung cancer when they inhale asbestos fiber.In the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, there was a lot of asbestos in the rubble of the world trade centerOne is called asbestos, and its formula is Na2Fe5Si8O22 (OH) 2.(1) the number of oxygen atoms formed in this asbestos formula with five iron atoms is _______.(2) the "average valence" (or oxidation number) of the asbestos chemical element may be regarded as...(3) change the chemical formula of the asbestos to the form of oxide: _________________.(4) this kind of asbestos belongs to traditional inorganic non-metallic materials, which are not in the traditional inorganic non-metallic materialsMaterial ()A. optical fiber b. cement c. high temperature resistant metal titanium d. alumina ceramic E.concrete(5) the asbestos-acid or alkali reaction can be seen as the reaction of each oxide to an acid or base, if the stone is takenThe cotton soluble in sufficient dilute nitric acid, which isfiltered by the full reaction, the filter is mainly _____, the salt in the filtrateMatter is mainly in the form of ________________.As shown in the figure below. It is known that elemental I can be used as a semiconductor material, and the simple G is the least dense gas, the compoundH is a colorless and odorless toxic gas that can be burned in the air. The compound E is easily soluble in water to form an oxygen-free acid.The anaerobic acid can react with oxide A at normal temperature.Please fill in the blanks:(1) the chemical formula of oxide A is ______________________.(2) the electronic form of compound E is______________________.The chemical equation of the reaction is_______________________________.The chemical equation of reaction is_______________________________.[experimental design]Crystalline silicon is an important non-metallic material. Themain steps of preparing pure silicon are as follows:In high temperature, silica is made of carbon dioxideThe gas reaction of coarse silicon and dry HCl is SiHCl3: Si + 3HCl 3 + H2(3) SiHCl3 with excess H2 in 1 000 ~ 1 100 ℃ reaction was pure siliconSiHCl3 is known to react strongly with H2O and spontaneously ignite in the air.Please answer the following questions:(1) the chemical reaction equation for the preparation of crude silicon by step 1 is __________________________.(2) the coarse silicon react with HCl, completely by the condensation of SiHCl3 boiling point (33.0 ℃) contains a small amount of SiCl4 (boiling point 57.6 ℃) and HCl (boiling point 84.7 ℃), the method for purification SiHCl3 ______.(3) the installation of pure silicon with SiHCl3 and overdose of H2 is as follows (the heat source and clamping device are omitted) :The reagent in device B is _______________.The flask in device C needs to be heated, and its purpose is __________________.After a period of time, the observed phenomenon in device D is ________________________,The reason why device D cannot adopt ordinary glass tube is that ________________________,Device D react in the chemical equation for__________________________________.(3) in order to guarantee the success of the preparation of pure silicon experiment, experiment device of operation is the key to check the air tightness, good control of reaction temperature and_______________________________________________.In order to determine whether the silicon in the product contains trace iron, the sample is dissolved with the dilute hydrochloric acid, and the reagent (fill in the letter code) that needs to be added after taking the upper cleaning liquid is....A. Iodine water b. chlorine water c.N aOH solution d. k SCN solution e.N a2SO3 solution[experimental development]In the electronic industry, the reaction of using magnesium to make silicon is 2Mg + SiO2 2MgO + Si, and the side reaction will occur: 2Mg + Si Mg2Si, Mg2Si will react rapidly with hydrochloric acid to produce SiH4 (silane),SiH4 is an unstable, spontaneous gas at normal temperature. The following diagram is an experimental device for the reaction of Mg and SiO2. Try to answer the following questions:(1) because the existence of O2 has a great influence on the experiment, the gas should be used as the protective gas in the experiment. The solid medicine in the test tube can be used for....The limestone is a pure alkali(2) at the beginning of the experiment, it is necessary to pass into the X gas and then heat the reactants for a reason.When the reaction is triggered, the alcohol lamp is removed and the reaction can proceed, because _____________.(3) after the reaction is over, the diluted hydrochloric acid can be added to the mixture after cooling to normal temperature, and the shining Mars can be observed. The reason for this phenomenon is expressed as:1)___________________________________________________________ ,(2)___________________________________________________________ .The following equation of ions, the correct one is ()A. silica reacts with hydrofluoric acidB. silicon and hydroxide solution reaction Si + 2oh-+ H2O = SiO2 + 2H2 arrowC. pour the water glass into the hydrochloric acidD. Barium carbonate is soluble in dilute nitric acid, CO3, 2 - + 2H + = H2O + CO2Speaks the 24th 25th silicon carbon group elements and compounds inorganic non-metallic materials (total 89 PPT) carbon, silicon is the main content of this unit, inorganic nonmetallic material is carbon element of knowledge application, the family and cheek by jowl with daily life and production, is also one of the college entrance examination examination site calendar year. The review should proceed from the following four aspects: 1. Glass, cement; Common and difference of traditional inorganic non-metallic materials and new inorganic non-metallic materials; 2. Grasp application and combine with life and production. 3. Grasp information and pay attention to knowledge transfer; Grasp the propositional trend. The college entrance examination is mainly multiple-choice questions, and the fill-in-the-blanks and experiments are also covered in small amounts. Due to the practical applications of this unit is strong, flexible proposition direction, and the basic theory, knowledge combining with other element compounds examination together, reflect the new material, new technology of knowledge will be transplanted into the proposition scope,test students' ability to accept new information. This unit includes knowledge of the property of carbon elements, the main properties of carbon and its oxides and carbonates, the properties of silicon and its oxides, silicates and inorganic non-metallic materials. The knowledge of this unit has been used as a hot topic in the 2008 college entrance examination. There are choice questions, fill-in-the-blanks, experiments, information, and comprehensive reasoning. Examination of students' ability to accept new information and knowledge transfer is the trend of the college entrance examination. In this unit, we should be careful to make full use of theoretical knowledge to guide the review of chemical elements. Through review of the basic knowledge of the production of silicate industry, more knowledge of industrial production。
Silicon推出调幅/调频收音机芯片系列Si473xSilicon Laboratories宣布扩充广播音频产，它将从接收输入信号到输品，增加Si473x调幅/调频收音机芯片系列。
Si473x能将调幅/调频收音机功能轻易导入消费性电子产品，例如时钟与便携式收音机、家庭音响、MP3播放机、多功能底座和移动。
Si473x是首款高度集成的调幅/调频收音机芯片出音频信号的所有功能全数集成至单颗芯片。
传统调幅/调频收音机设计由于体积大、本钱高和生产困难，使得许多高产量的小型便携式应用无法提供调幅收音机功能。
Si473x芯片只需两颗外部元器件和平方厘米的电路板空间，远少于需要50多颗元器件和10平方厘米面积的传统解决方案。
得益于先进的数字架构，Si473x大幅简化设计与生产工作，它是唯一不需要人工调校的调幅/调频收音机芯片，这能为每一个产品省下数分钟的校准时刻。
传统的调幅/调频解决方案可能需要4个时期的手动调校，Si473x那么能通过芯片内置变容器与自动校准功能支持各类天线，使得流水线的生产效率大幅提高。
Si473x提供最好的调幅与调频电台搜寻与调整能力，可减少干扰和改善收音效果。
它还拥有绝佳的收音灵敏度和频道选择性，能够收到其它调幅/调频收音机无法搜索或正确辨识的许多电台。
Si473x拥有领先市场的音质，还提供可调式软静音和其它音频加强功能。
Si4731也是唯一支持欧洲Radio Data System (RDS) 以及美国Radio Broadcast Data System (RBDS) 标准的调幅/调频收音机芯片。
这项功能可将电台和歌曲名称等信息显示在任何产品的LCD屏幕，提供给使用者类似便携式媒体播放机的视觉体验。
价格与供应时间Si4730与Si4731采用精巧的3 × 3毫米20接脚QFN封装。
目前已有样品供应。
Si4730的10,000颗采购量单价从美元起，支持RDS/RBDS 的Si4731则从美元起。
Isolation of SiliconIsolation: there is normally no need to make silicon in the laboratory as it is readily available commercially. Silicon is readily available through the treatment of silica, SiO2, with pure graphite (as coke) in an electric furnace.SiO2 + 2C →Si + 2COUnder these conditions, silicon carbide, SiC, can form. However, provided the amount of SiO2 is kept high, silicon carbide may be eliminated.2SiC + SiO2→3Si + 2COVery pure silicon can be made by the reaction of SiCl4 with hydrogen, followed by zone refining of the resultant silicon. SiCl4 + 2H2→Si + 4HClSi + 3 HCl → HSiCl3 + H2多晶塊狀冶金級矽首先在攝氏200度置於流床反應器下鹽酸化：矽與通入的鹽酸氣形成三氯化矽和氫氣4 HSiCl3→SiH4 + 3 SiCl4經過蒸餾純化的三氯化矽置於有催化劑的resinous bed反應器而產生歧化反應，形成矽烷和四氯化矽ps: SiCl4 + 2 H2O → SiO2 + 4 HCl 四氯化矽與水迅速反應生成二氧化矽和氯化氫。
該水解速率差異歸咎於矽原子更大的原子半徑、矽原子存在的3d軌道以及Si-Cl鍵較低的鍵能SiCl4+ 4 ROH → Si(OR)4 + 4 HCl 與甲醇或乙醇反應則得到矽酸四甲酯和矽酸四乙酯Si + SiCl4→Si2Cl6 + 同系物高溫下與矽發生歸中反應SiCl4+ 4 ROH → S i(OR)4 + 4 HCl where R = alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc.Tetraethyl orthosilicate is the chemical compound with the formula Si(OC2H5)4. Often abbreviated TEOSTEOS has the remarkable property of easily converting into silicon dioxide. This reaction occurs upon the addition of water:Si(OC2H5)4 + 2 H2O → SiO2 + 4 C2H5OHThis hydrolysis reaction is an example of a sol-gel process. The side product is ethanol. The reaction proceeds via a series of condensation reactions that convert the TEOS molecule into a mineral-like solid via the formation of Si-O-Si linkages. Rates of this conversion are sensitive to the presence of acids and bases, both of which serve as catalysts.At elevated temperatures (>600 °C), TEOS converts to silicon dioxide:Si(OC2H5)4→ SiO2 + 2O(C2H5)2The volatile coproduct is diethylether.HMDS can react with protic substances such as alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, thiols and amines under formation of the silylated derivatives and ammonia release.(CH3)3Si-NH-Si(CH3)3 +2 HX-R => 2 (CH3)3Si-X-R+ NH3Normally reactions are carried out by refluxing the substrate with an excess of Dynasylan® HMDS until evolution of ammonia ceases. Hexamethyldisilazane is particularly effective with alcohols and phenols. The addition of acidic catalysts such as sulfuric acid or ammonium sulfate increases the reaction rate and the degree of silylation.矽膠是一種化學合成的彈性體！類似橡膠的柔韌，可製成透明成品，也可加入色料調製各種不同顏色的產品。
優點為環保無毒，耐高低溫，耐酸鹼，防水，抗ＵＶ，電氣特性佳！但機械性質稍差為其缺點！依照加工方式不同可分為固態矽膠以及液態矽膠。
固態矽膠非本公司經營項目，請洽詢專業廠商。
液態矽膠依照硬化方式可分為縮合型以及加成型。
室溫硬化型，又名ＲＴＶ（Room Temperature Vulcanization Compound）矽膠，為單組份。
利用空氣中的水氣進行硬化反應，表乾迅速（5～20分鐘都有），使用方便，但塗佈較厚的範圍深部硬化較慢，大部分產品為接著或填縫用。
可添加阻燃劑達到ＵＬ94Ｖ0的條件，並可通過歐盟RoHS指令。
市面上常見依揮發物的不同可分為：1.脫酸型，揮發醋酸（Acid）氣體，又名酸性矽膠，味道嗆鼻，對電子零件及塑膠有腐蝕性，價格最低。
大多用在玻璃接著，但因氣味刺鼻已漸漸被中性矽膠取代。
2.脫型，揮發基（Oxime）氣體，又名中性矽膠，無特殊味道，於密閉的情況下對電子零件及塑膠有腐蝕性，價格較酸性稍高。
廣泛用在建築業，電子工業，交通工具組裝…等等產業。
由於硬化過程中揮發的類氣體會傷害人體，歐盟大廠目前已停止生產（但銷售至歐盟的產品使用並無禁止），將來會漸漸被醇系矽膠取代！3.脫醇型，揮發醇類（Alcohol醇或Alkoxy烷氧基…等）氣體，無腐蝕性，對人體傷害小，價格居中。
目前大都用在電子產業，精密儀器，汽車業…等等高科技產業；也有產品加入導熱成分形成導熱膠，既有優異的導熱效果，也可接著，應用更為廣泛。
4.變性矽膠，無溶劑接著劑，揮發物低於1％以下，無味，可接著各種不同材質，接著強度非常好！但價格最高。
大都用在手機，ＧＰＳ…等等高精密電子電機產品中。
兩劑型矽膠，又名ＲＴＶ2，為雙組份。
依各產品特性不同有不同比例及不同的硬化時間，經一定比例的調和後方可使用，可加熱使其化學反應加速，溫度下降硬化時間會延長。
由於需經調和使用稍微麻煩，但表層與深部可同時硬化，大部分產品都屬於灌注或封裝用。
UV膠該如何去除? /faq.php?lang=zh-tw&f=6一般來說，ＵＶ膠尚未硬化前，可使用酒精來擦拭；經紫外線快速硬化後，因其硬度高，須使用甲苯、苯精或去漆水（五金行有售）來浸泡去除，浸泡時間依厚度有所改變，約20分鐘以上。
本公司另提供膠去除劑0P-9003以供選用，去除效果更佳，但需注意以上溶劑均有腐蝕性，物品不得是塑膠製品，操作時，請使用耐酸手套隔離。
如果物品為塑膠材質，請使用刀器來做簡易去除即可。
4目錄[隱藏]∙ 1 矽烷化學式列表∙ 2 製備∙ 3 應用∙ 4 參考資料分子式結構圖22SilaneFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaSilane is a chemical compound with chemical formula SiH4. It is the silicon analogue of methane. At room temperature, silane is a gas, and is pyrophoric— it undergoes spontaneous combustion in air, without the need for external ignition.[1] However, the difficulties in explaining the available (often contradictory) combustion data are ascribed to the fact that silane itself is stable and that the natural formation of larger silanes during production, as well as the sensitivity of combustion to impurities such as moisture and to the catalytic effects of container surfaces causes its pyrophoricity.[2][3]Above 420°C, silane decomposes into silicon and hydrogen; it can therefore be used in the chemical vapor deposition of silicon.More generally, a silane is any silicon analogue of an alkane hydrocarbon. Silanes consist of a chain of silicon atoms covalently bound to hydrogen atoms. The general formula of a silane is Si n H2n+2. Silanes tend to be less stable than their carbon analogues because the Si–Si bond has a strength slightly lower than the C–C bond. Oxygen decomposes silanes easily, because the silicon-oxygen bond is quite stable.There exists a regular nomenclature for silanes. Each silane's name is the word silane preceded by a numerical prefix (di, tri, tetra, etc.) for the number of silicon atoms in the molecule. Thus Si2H6 is disilane, Si3H8 is trisilane, and so forth. There is no need for a prefix for one;SiH4 is simply silane. Silanes can also be named like any other inorganic compound; in this naming system, silane is named silicontetrahydride. However, with longer silanes, this becomes cumbersome.A cyclosilane is a silane in a ring, just as a cycloalkane is an alkane in a ring.Branched silanes are possible. The radical·SiH3is termed silyl, ·Si2H5 is disilanyl, and so on. Trisilane with a silyl group attached to the middle silicon is named silyltrisilane. The nomenclature parallels that of alkyl radicals.Silanes can also incorporate the same functional groups as alkanes, e.g. –OH to make a silanol. There is (at least in principle) a silicon analogue for all carbon alkanes.Contents[hide]∙ 1 Production∙ 2 Properties∙ 3 Applications∙ 4 Safety and precautions∙ 5 See also∙ 6 References[edit] ProductionIndustrially, silane is produced from metallurgical grade silicon in a two-step process. In the first step, powdered silicon is reacted withhydrogen chloride at about 300°C to produce trichlorosilane, HSiCl3, along with hydrogen gas, according to the chemical equation: Si + 3HCl → HSiCl3 + H2The trichlorosilane is then boiled on a resinous bed containing a catalyst which promotes its disproportionation to silane and silicontetrachloride according to the chemical equation:4HSiCl3→ SiH4 + 3SiCl4The most commonly used catalysts for this process are metal halides, particularly aluminium chloride.For classroom demonstrations, silane can be produced (temporarily) by heating sand with magnesium powder, then pouring the mixture into a 20% dilution of hydrochloric acid. The magnesium silicide reacts with the acid to produce silane gas, which combusts on contact with air and produces tiny explosions. [4][edit] PropertiesSilane has a repulsive smell.[5]Silane has recently been shown to act as superconductor under extremely high pressures (96 and 120 GPa), with a transition temperature of 17 K.[6] Unfortunately, there was briefly an EE Times article that grossly exaggerated this achievement and claimed thatroom-temperature superconductivity had been achieved.[edit] ApplicationsSeveral industrial and medical applications exist for silane and functionalized silanes. For instance, silanes are used as coupling agents to adhere glass fibers to a polymer matrix, stabilizing the composite material. They can also be used to couple a bio-inert layer on a titanium implant. Other applications include water repellents, masonry protection, control of graffiti,[7] applying polycrystalline silicon layers on silicon wafers when manufacturing semiconductors, and sealants. Semiconductor industry alone used about 300 metric tons per year of silane in the late 1990s.[3] More recently, a growth in low-cost solar panel manufacturing has lead to substantial consumption of silane for depositing amorphous silicon on glass and other surfaces.Silane is also used in supersonic combustion ramjets to initiate combustion in the compressed air stream.Silane and similar compounds containing Si-H-bonds are used as reducing agents in organic and organometallic chemistry.[8]"Mars sand" exposes regular sand to trimethylhydroxysilane vapors to make the sand waterproof.Silane may be used to fabricate a super-compressed, superconducting compound.[6][edit] Safety and precautionsA number of fatal industrial accidents produced by detonation and combustion of leaked silane in air have been reported.[9][10][11] Dilute silane mixtures with inert gases such as nitrogen or argon are even more likely to ignite when leaked into open air, compared to pure silane: even a 1% mixture of silane in pure nitrogen easily ignites when exposed to air.[12] Unlike methane, silane is also fairly toxic: the lethal concentration in air for rats (LC50) is 0.96% over a 4-hour exposure. In addition, contact with eyes may form silicic acid with resultant irritation.[13][edit] See also[edit] References1.^ Emeléus, H. J. and Stewart, K. (1935). "The oxidation of the silicon hydrides". Journal of the Chemical Society: 1182 - 1189.doi:10.1039/JR9350001182.2.^ Koda, S. (1992). "Kinetic Aspects of Oxidation and Combustion of Silane and Related Compounds". Progress in Energy and CombustionScience18 (6): 513-528. doi:10.1016/0360-1285(92)90037-2.3.^ a b Timms, P. L. (1999). "The chemistry of volatile waste from silicon wafer processing". Journal of the Chemical Society - DaltonTransactions (6): 815-822. doi:10.1039/a806743k.4.^Making Silicon from Sand, by Theodore Gray. Originally published in Popular Science magazine.5.^CFC Startec properties of Silane6.^ a b M. I. Eremets, I. A. Trojan, S. A. Medvedev, J. S. Tse, Y. Yao (2008). "Superconductivity in Hydrogen Dominant Materials: Silane".Science319 (5869): 1506–1509. doi:10.1126/science.1153282. PMID 18339933.7.^Graffiti protection systems8.^Reductions of organic compounds using silanes9.^ Chen, J. R. (2002). "Characteristics of fire and explosion in semiconductor fabrication processes". Process Safety Progress21 (1): 19-25.doi:10.1002/prs.680210106.10.^ Chen, J. R.; Tsai, H. Y.; Chen, S. K.; Pan, H. R.; Hu, S. C.; Shen, C. C.; Kuan, C. M.; Lee, Y. C.; and Wu, C. C. (2006). "Analysis of a silaneexplosion in a photovoltaic fabrication plant". Process Safety Progress25 (3): 237-244. doi:10.1002/prs.10136.11.^ Chang, Y. Y.; Peng, D. J.; Wu, H. C.; Tsaur, C. C.; Shen, C. C.; Tsai, H. Y.; and Chen, J. R. (2007). "Revisiting of a silane explosion in aphotovoltaic fabrication plant". Process Safety Progress26 (2): 155-158. doi:10.1002/prs.10194.12.^ Kondo, S.; Tokuhashi, K.; Nagai, H.; Iwasaka, M.; and Kaise, M. (1995). "Spontaneous Ignition Limits of Silane and Phosphine".Combustion and Flame101 (1-2): 170-174. doi:10.1016/0010-2180(94)00175-R.13.^ See MSDS for silane.Retrieved from "/wiki/Silane"Categories: Silicon compounds | Hydrideshttp://pslc.ws/mactest/sisyn.htm ring-opening polymerizationThis is the page where you get to learn how easy it is to make polysiloxanes. Such polymers are usually made from monomers like octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. This is how we usually draw it.You can see what it looks like in 3-D by clicking here.This molecule does something fun with bases like NaOH. A hydroxide group will donate a pair of electrons to one of the silicon atoms in the ring, which is all too happy to accept. The only problem with this is that the silicon already has its fair share of electrons, that is, eight. It can't have ten now. So it has to get rid of a pair. The pair that gets ditched is the pair that makes up the silicon-oxygen bond. So the pair is shifted entirely to the oxygen.Click here to see a movie of this reaction.This breaks the bond between the oxygen and the silicon. Yes, I know this bit of information comes straight out of the latest issue of the Journal of the Blatantly Obvious, but I bring it up for a reason. When this bond is severed, the ring is no longer a ring. It has been opened.And furthermore, the oxygen that gained the pair of electrons now has a negative charge. It can attack a second monomer molecule, exactly like the hydroxide attacked the first.I think we can all see where this is heading. More monomer adds, and eventually, we get a brand new polysiloxane chain.Because we open monomer rings to make the polymer, this is, of course, a ring-opening polymerization.目錄[隱藏]∙ 1 化學∙ 2 用途∙ 3 參考資料∙ 4 外部連結DisproportionationFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, searchDisproportionation or dismutation is used to describe two particular types of chemical reaction:[1]∙ A chemical reaction of the type: 2A → A' + A" where A, A' and A" are different chemical species. While the m ost common type is a redox reaction, other types are possible. For example: 2H2O → H3O+ + OH- is a disproportionation but is not a redox reaction.∙ A chemical reaction in which an element is simultaneously reduced and oxidized so as to form two different products.The reverse of disproportionation is called comproportionation.[edit] HistoryThe first disproportionation reaction to be studied in detail was:2 Sn2+→ Sn + Sn4+This was examined using tartrates by Johan Gadolin in 1788. In the Swedish version of his paper he called it 'söndring'. (K. Sv. Vet. Acad. Handl. 1788, 186-197; Crells chem. Annalen 1790, I, 260-273).[edit] Examples∙Chlorine gas reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride, sodium chlorate and water. The ionic equation for this reaction is as follows:3Cl2 + 6OH−→ 5Cl− + ClO3− + 3H2OAs a reactant, the oxidation number of the elemental chlorine is 0. In some of the product, Cl−has an oxidation number of −1, having been reduced; whereas the oxidation number of chlorine in the chlorate ion is +5, indicating that it has been oxidized.∙The dismutation of superoxide free radical to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, catalysed in living systems by superoxide dismutase: 2O2− + 2H+→ H2O2 + O2∙The catalysis of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen by the enzyme catalase:2H2O2→ 2H2O + O2∙In the HiPco method for producing carbon nanotubes, high pressure carbon monoxide disproportionates when catalysed on the surface of an iron particle:2CO → C + CO2∙In the Cannizzaro reaction, an aldehyde is converted into an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. In the related Tishchenko reaction, the organic redox reaction product is the corresponding ester. In the Kornblum–DeLaMare rearrangement, a peroxide is converted to a ketone and an alcohol. [edit] ReferencesSynproportionationFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia(Redirected from Comproportionation)Jump to: navigation, searchSynproportionation or comproportionation is a concept in chemistry and is a redox reaction where two reactants that share an atom but differ in oxidation number react to a single reaction product.Examples:∙Potassium permanganate contains manganese with oxidation number of +7 and reacts with a manganese compound having oxidation number +2 to yield Manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide) with oxidation number +4, potassium hydroxide and water.∙In chalcogen chemistry 15Se + SeCl4 + 4AlCl3 -> Na[AlCl]4 + 3Se8[AlCl4]2. [1]∙In volcanic eruptions, the redox reaction 2H2S(g) + SO2(g) -> 3S(s) + 2H2O(g).It is the chemical opposite to disproportionation, where two or more atoms originally having the same oxidation state react with otherchemical(s) to give ions with different oxidation numbers.[edit] ReferencesTranslated from German Wiki originalRetrieved from "/wiki/Synproportionation"/SLTC/semiconductors/substratemfg/polysiliconprod.htmlSubstrate Manufacture: Polycrystalline Silicon ProductionTo manufacture polycrystalline silicon, ultra-pure silicon is produced from raw quartzite (silica sand) that is melted and reduced to silicon in an electric arc furnace at over 1900ºC. This metallurgical-grade silicon is drawn from the furnace and blown with oxygen or an oxygen-chloride mixture to reduce the levels of impurities to achieve approximately 99% pure silicon. Next, the silicon is reacted with hydrogen chloride gas in the presence of acopper-containing catalyst to form trichlorosilane (SiHCl3). The trichlorosilane is reduced to very pure silicon by reacting it with hydrogen at high temperatures (about 1100ºC). This "electronic grade" silicon has less than 1 ppb of impurities.SiloxaneFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, searchDecamethylcyclopentasiloxane, a cyclic siloxaneA siloxane is any chemical compound composed of units of the form R2SiO, where R is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group. A siloxane has a branched or unbranched backbone of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms -Si-O-Si-O-, with side chains R attached to the silicon atoms.[1]The word siloxane is derived from the words sil icon, ox ygen, and alk ane.Siloxanes can be found in products such as cosmetics, deodorant, water repelling windshield coating, food additives and some soaps. They occur in landfill gas and are being evaluated as alternatives to perchloroethylene for drycleaning. Perchloroethylene is widely considered environmentally undesirable.Polymerized siloxanes with organic side chains (R ≠ H) are commonly known as silicones or as polysiloxanes. Representative examples are [SiO(CH3)2]n (dimethylsiloxane) and [SiO(C6H5)2]n (diphenylsiloxane). These compounds can be viewed as a hybrid of both organic and inorganic compounds. The organic side chains confer hydrophobic properties while the -Si-O-Si-O- backbone is purely inorganic.Dimethylpolysiloxane is added to vegetable oil as an antifoaming agent. McDonalds uses this type of vegetable oil to cook certain products[2]. In addition, automobile ignition modules, which heat up during use, dissipate heat by having their backings coated with Dimethylpolysiloxane (also known as a "thermo grease"). Acting as a "thermo grease" in this application, Dimethylpolysiloxane allows high heat transfer between the transistor ignition module and the distributor backing plate that it is mounted on which effectively cools the switching transistor (ignition module) during operation which enhances and extends its useful life. (There are some discussions expressing uncertainty about "di-electric grease" (in general) for this ignition application but they all do not have equal properties in simultaneously conducting heat well yet also remaining electrically non-conductive. Dimethylpolysiloxane has this property and may be considered falling into the category of a "di-electric grease" though properties vary for substances in this group.[edit] Siloxanes in biogasIn internal combustion engines deposits on pistons and cylinder heads are extremely abrasive and cause damage to the internalcomponents of the engine. Engines can require a complete overhaul at 5,000 h or less of operation. Deposits on the turbine of the turbocharger will eventually reduce the components efficiency.Stirling engines are more resistant against siloxanes, though deposits on the tubes of the heat exchanger will reduce the efficiency.[3][4][edit] References1.^Siloxanes, IUP AC Gold Book2.^McDonald's USA Ingredients Listing for Popular Menu Items3.^Presentation - Siloxanes in landfill gas4.^Paper - Siloxanes in landfill and digester gas[edit] External linksEPA report: Siloxane D5 in Dry-cleaning/oppt/dfe/pubs/garment/d5fs3.pdf/aldrich/acta/al_acta_36_3.pdfBranched siloxane polymers comprising alkenyl groups and used as antimisting additives for silicone coating compositions/patents/7238755.htmlUnited States Patent US7238755Published on July 3, 2007RI。
