把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句

一．定语，1.He is an honest boy.2.We love our country.3.What’s your telephone number?4.Marx foundit important to study the situation in Russia. 5．I did’t know the boy standing under the tree.6.The girl punished by her teacher is angry7.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.二．位置1. This is a flower basket.2. This is a basket full of flowers.3. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.三．定语从句---关系代词1 The woman is a teacher.The woman lives next door.The woman __________ ____________________r is ateacher.2 The nurse is kind. The nurse looks after my sister.The nurse ________________________________is kind.3．The girl is from America. I called the girl just nowThe girl _____________________is from America4．He is a teacher.I like him very muchHe is a teacher__________________________________________5．I know the doctor. His daughter studies abroad.I know the doctor_________daughter studies abroad6．The film is about a big white shark. It attacks swimmers .The film is about a big white shark _________ attacks swimmers7．.I showed him the letter.I received the letter this morning.I showed him the letter _________________________________8．Have you seen m y book?The book’s cover is red.Have you seen my book ____________cover is red.9. I will never forget the days .We spent the days together.I will never forget the days ___________we spent together.10. I will never forget the days.We stayed in the village during the daysI will never forget the days_________we stayed in the village.11.The house is beautiful. We visited the house yesterday.The house ______ We visited yesterday is beautiful.12.He visited the house. He was born in the houseHe visited the house _________he was born.13.I know the reason ______he was late.I don’t believe the reason _______he gave .用法归纳：在复合句中，修饰或限定某一名词或代词的从句叫____________________.主句中被修饰的词叫____________.引导定语从句的词叫___________.它分为_______________和_______________.关系代词有三个作用。

2020中考英语作文必备——合并定语从句的主从复合句很多人会新奇：老外会用这种句型吗？答案就是生活用语都是口语简单句，听懂意思回答就可以。

但是，如果你将来出国读书，语法和翻译句型是必备的，因为你要写大量的论文，所以，基本功也是很重要的！把下列句子合并为含定语从句的主从复合句1.Can you see the girl? The girl is wearing a pink dress.Can you see the girl who/that is wearing a pink dress?2.I have never seen the man.The man is standing at the door.I have never seen the man who/that is standing at the door.3.This is the farm.The farm's owner is my uncle.This is the farm whose owner is my uncle.4.Have you seen the magazine?I bought the magazine yesterday.Have you seen the magazine (that/which) I bought yesterday?5.I prefer the music. I can dance to the music.I prefer the music that/which I can dance to.6.We want to visit the place. The people are friendly in the place.We want to visit the place where the people are friendly.7.It is the best novel. I have ever read the novel. It is the best novel (that)I've ever read.8.I met the girl again. The girl is from London.I met the girl who/that is from London again.9.Is Lily the girl?I met the girl yesterday.Is Lily the girl (who/whom/that)I met yesterday?10.I'd like to buy the book. The book's cover is red. I' like to buy the book whose cover is red.。

一，将下列句子合并为定语从句1.Is he the man? You are waiting for the man.2.He has found the key. He lost the key yesterday.3.Can you lend me the book? You bought the book in the library.4.this is the ship. We travelled on the ship.5.do you know the man? your brother is speaking to the man.6.The boy is mike. The boy is walking with mary.7.Is the book difficult? You read the book this morning.8.The child is my son. The child is crying in front of the shop二，把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：Model: He works in a middle school. There is a river in front of the school .He works in a middle school, in front of which there is a river.He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a templeShe came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.三，定语从句专项练习一．（A）把下列各组句子合并成一句。

一、限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。

非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。

在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常必须有逗号隔开。

Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present. 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。

二、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。

That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。

三、除which外，还可用when，where，who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。

After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life.毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。

【注意】that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

四、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。

as和which的区别as/which在句末，若有否定as错；句首只能用as，还有认知猜想词；固定结构用as, the same/such/so/as；so/such...that宾不离，so/such...as...宾要弃。

一、同义句转换。

（每空一词）1. He is a good comrade with whom you can work.He is a good comrade ______________ ______________ ______________.2. The meeting, which was held in the park, was attended by 1,000 people.The meeting was attended by 1,000 people, ______________ ______________ was held in the park.3. I don’t like the boy, since he is very lazy.I don’t like the boy, ______________ is very lazy.4. Last month part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods and people are still suffering from its effects.Last month part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, ______________ ______________ effects people are still suffering.5. Small computers need small amount of power. That means you use less electricity.Small computers need small amount of power, ______________ means you use less electricity.二、单项选择。

高中语法：定语从句一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：１. I saw the man. He closed the door →I saw the man who closed the door.2. The girl is happy.She won the race →The girl is happy that she won the race3. The taxi driver was friendly.He took me to the airport. →The taxi driver was friendly and he took me the way to the airport.4. The book was good.I read it. →The book was good which I read it.5. The people were very nice.We visited them yesterday. →The people were very nice which we visited yesterday.6. The man called the police. His wallet was stolen. →The man called the police because his wallet was stolen.7. I come from a country. Its history goes back thousands of years →I come from a country where history goes back thousands of years8. The meeting was interesting. I went to it →The meeting was interesting which I went it9. The picture was beautiful. She was looking at it. →The picture was beautiful which she was looking10. The man is standing over there. I told you about him. →The man is standing over there who I told you about .11. That is the restaurant. I will meet you there. →That is the restaurant where I will meet you12. The town is small. I grew up there. →The town is small where I grew up13.1960 is the year.The revolution took place then. →1960 is the year that the revolution took place14. He is the young writer. He wrote the book.→15. Do you know the doctor? He comes here once a month and examines the workers.→16. The foreign guest is Mr. Green. You saw him at the school gate.→17. He is the new head. I was talking about him this morning.→18. I've received the book. Father sent it to me→.19. The factory has got one success after another. We visited the factory last week.→20. What’s the name of the girl? Her grandpa took part in the Long March.→21. The man looks like the actor. I've heard his songs on TV.→22. This letter is from my elder brother. He serves in the army.→23. Do you see the bridge? It was built last year. →24. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.→25. We visited the singer yesterday. Her performances we all like very much.→26. The old worker is still working hard with us. His hair has turned gray. →.27. The bike was not good. You wanted to buy it.→38. The medicine didn't help me. Dr. Chang had given it.→29. The exercise is wrong. We did it last night.→30. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.→31. The bus was the wrong one. Xiao Li was running after it.→32. The wallet has been found. Mr. Hopkins was looking for it.→33. The recorder has been stolen. Wang spent all the money on it.→二. 用关系代词填空。

定语从句1.1 will n ever forget the day __________ I jo ined the League.2. September 18, 1931 is the day __________ Wen ever forget.3. I remember the day __________ we first came to the college.4. I remember the day __________ I first met on.5. This is the factory __________ w e visited last year.6. Is this the factory ___________ y our father works?7. This is the best factory _________ I have visited all my life.8. Is this the factory ___________ c olour TV sets are produced ?9. Who is the man _________ was there?10. Who is the man __________ y ou just shook hands with?11. Do you know the man _________ we are talki ng to ?12. The man _________ is speak ing at the meeti ng is an adva need worker.13. That was the reas on _______ M ac refused to speak at the meeti ng.14. Do you know the reas on _______ Mac was late for school.15. That was the reas on _______ M ac gave me the other day.16. That was the reas on _______ M ac refused to speak for at the meeti ng.17. Have you found the woma n _______ purse was lost.18. Where is the win dow ________ glass is broke n?19. The book, the cover _________ is broke n, is not mine.20. I don 'like the way __________ you laugh at her.13.This is the biggest lab _______ w e have ever built in our uni versity.14.Is oxyge n the only gas _________ helps fire burn?16.This is the museum __________ we saw an exhibiti on the other day. 18.This is the museum __________ you saw the other day.21. We ofte n think of the days __________ we spe nt together on the isla nd.22. Have you ever bee n to Shan ghai, ________ I left ten years ago?23. He has left Beiji ng, _______ a meeti ng is to be held.24. This is the very place __________ 1 m wishi ng to live in.25.Is it in that factory __________ Red Flag” cars are made?26.1 have bought the same dress __________ she is weari ng.句型38:定语从句a）我有一个喜欢古典音乐的朋友b）昨天他穿着我给他买的外套。

（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。

（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。

形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与whi ch的区别。

1）用that而不用which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句有四大区别;一、在句中作用不同限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用;使该词的含义更具体;更明确..限制性定语从句不能被省略;否则句意就不完整..非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切;只是对其作一些附加说明;不起限定制约作用..如果将非限制性定语从句省去;主句的意义仍然完整..二、外在表现形式不同限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切;所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切;所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开..例1. This is the place where he used to live.例 2. Mr. Zhang;who came to see me yesterday;is an old friend of mine.在例 1中;定语从句与先行词关系密切;为限制性定语从句;不可用逗号将其与主句隔开..在例2中;定语从句与先行词关系不密切;为非限制性定语从句;可用逗号将其与主句隔开..三、先行词内容有所不同大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语;而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句;此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 引导..例：1. A middle-aged woman killed her husband;which frightened me very much.由语境可知;令“我”恐惧的内容应为“中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫”这整个一件事;因此先行词为整个主句;此时应由 which 引导定语从句..例：2. A five-year-old boy canspeak two foreign languages; which surprises all the people present.由语境可知;令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是“一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事;因此先行词为整个主句;此时应由 which 引导非限制性定语从句..四、关系词的使用情况有所不同一 that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句所有关系代词和关系副词均可引导限制性定语从句;大多数关系代词和关系副词可引导非限制性定语从句;但 that 不可..例如：他没通过这次考试;令我很失望..误：He didn't pass the exam;that disappointed me.正：He didn't pass the exam;which disappointed me.值得注意的是;不少同学误认为只有 which 才能引导非限制性定语从句;这个观点是不正确的..使用非限制性定语从句时;如果先行词指人;则用 who ; whom或 whose 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用 which 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时;可用when;where 引导非限制性定语从句..例1. We'll graduate in July;when we will be free.例2. Last Sunday they reached Nanjing;where a conference was to be held.二关系代词替代情况不同关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替 whom ;但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替..例: 1. This is the girl whom I met in the street.先行词 the girl 在限制性定语从句中作宾语;可用 who 代替whom .例: 2. A young man had a new girl friend;whom he wanted to impress.先行词 a new girl friend 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语;不可用 who 代替 whom .在限制性定语从句中;先行词指人时可用 that 代替 who/ whom ;但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时;不可用 that 代替who/whom .例：她有一个姐姐;她是教师..误： She has a sister;that is a teacher.正：She has a sister;who is teacher.三关系代词省略情况不同关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去;非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省..例 1. This is the bookwhich/thathe lost yesterday.先行词 the book 在限制性定语从句中作宾语;关系代词 which 或 that 可以省略..例 2. The book; which he lost yesterday; has been found.先行词 the book 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语;关系代词which 不可省..四as引导定语从句时的用法① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as; such … as 结构中..e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s.Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的..② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前;也可放在主句之后;用来修饰整个句子..通常用下列句型：as is known to all; as is said; as is reported; as is announced; as we all know; as I expect 等..e.g. As I expected; he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.3as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别① 当主句和从句语义一致时;用as；反之;用which来引导非限制性定语从句..e.g. He made a long speech; as we expected.He made a long speech; which was unexpected.② 当非限制定语从句为否定时;常用which引导..e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day; which his wife doesn’t likeat all.2. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词;中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开..这种定语从句叫做分隔性定语从句e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+ which”来代替..e.g. October 1; 1949 was the day on which = when the People’s Republic of China was founded.5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时;短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开..e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.6. 介词在关系代词前;只能用which和whom;且不能省略；介词在句尾;关系代词可以省略..定语从句练习、一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.4. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t study hard.5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.12. That’s the chi ld. We were looking at his drawing just now.13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.15. Is that the woman Her daughter is in my class.16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flewa flag.19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.二、根据句子意思;用介词＋关系代词whom或which 完成下列句子.1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is themanager that I told you about.2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.3. Wu Dong; ________ ________ I went to the concert; enjoyed it very much.4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.5. Her bag; ________ ________ she put all her books; has not been found.6. The stories about the Long March; ________ ________ thisis one example; are well written.三、选择填空：1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. when2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.A. whoseB. whoC. whomD. which3. Because of my poor memory; all ____ you told me has been forgotten.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. as4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happilyA. whenB. whereC. whichD. who5. Tom t took away the camera because it was just the samecamera ____ he lost last week.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. as6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.A. whomB. whichC. whoD. when7. Where is the man ____ I met this morningA. whenB. whereC. whichD. who8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over thereA. whoB. /C. thatD. when9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.A. whoB. whomC. to whomD. to who10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.A. with whomB. whenC. to whomD. which11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to himB. whom the nurse is talkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse is talking12. The man ____ around our school is from America.A. which you showedB. you showed himC. you showedD. where you showed13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.A. of whomB. from whomC. about thatD. who14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions____ were asked in French.A. whereB. whoC. in whichD. which15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to youA. thatB. whomC. whenD. whose16. Finally; the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.A. thatB. whichC. whateverD. all17. The foreign guests; ____ were government officials; werewarmly welcomed at the airport.A. most of themB. most of thatC. most of whomD. most of those18. This is the very letter ____came last night.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. as19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. anyoneD. the one20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.A. whereB. /C. whenD. what21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. on which22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. /23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.A. that; whatB. what; thatC. which; whatD. that; which24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellowA. thatB. whichC. itsD. whose25. In the dark street; there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.A. whomB. whoC. to whomD. form whom26. Is this school ____ we visited three years agoA. the oneB. whichC. thatD. where27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years agoA. the oneB. whereC. in whichD. /28; How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the countryA. whoseB. whoC. whomD. which29. Alice received an invitation from her boss; ____ cameas a surprise.A. itB. whichC. thatD. he30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage____ already seven other people.A. when there wereB. which there wereC. that there wereD. where there were31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.A. whichB. whoseC. whereD. that32. ---- What game is popular with them---- The ____ most is tennis.A. game they like itB. game they likeC. best game they likeD. best game they like it33. They stayed with me three weeks; ____ they drank all the wine I had.A. whichB. which timeC. during whichD. during which time34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into theYouth League.A. whenB. thatC. at whichD. where36. I’ve finished writing the novel; ____ is to be published next month.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. when37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle; ____ was unexpected.A. whichB. asC. thatD. it38. ____ is known to all; English is not very difficult to learn.A. WhatB. AsC. ThatD. Which39. The old man had three sons; all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.A. whoseB. thatC. whomD. who40. I have bought two pens; ____ write well.A. none of whichB. neither of whichC. both of whichD. all of which41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mindA. whyB. whichC. for thatD. of which42. He failed in the exam; ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.A. whichB. whatC. itD. that43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.A. followingB. followedC. to followD. that followed44. ____ was expected; he succeeded in the exam.A. ItB. WhichC. AsD. That45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer; ____ his father expected.A. that was whatB. what was thatC. and which wasD. which was what46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.A. whenB. asC. whoseD. what47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.A. whenB. asC. whoseD. what48. He is absent; ____ is often the case.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. as49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. which51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in thecountry with the farmers; ____ has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who52. This is the only book ____ I can find.A. thatB. whichC. itD. with which53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.A. isB. areC. hasD. have55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.A. isB. areC. hasD. have定语从句参考答案一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk.2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room.3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine.4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher.6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister.7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful.8. The train which was going to Nanning was late.9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother.10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall.11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer.14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t beenhanded in.15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class16. He used to live in a big house; in front of which grew many banana trees.17. They passed a factory; at the back of which there were rice fields.18. The soldier ran to the building; on the top of which flewa flag.19. In the evening they arrived at a hill; at the foot of which there was a temple.20. She came into a big room; in the middle of which stooda large table.二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom;4. about which;5. in which;6. of which三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB21~25 ABBDC 26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB 51. BAABA。

句子成分及结构1主语（Subject）它是句子的主体，是“什么人，什么事，什么物”。

常由n,pron,num,to-do,-ving,clause 担任。

①.Professor Wang is a well- known scholar.②.I read English newspaper every day.③.To become a professor has been his ambition.④. Smoking is harmful to health.(5) What we shall do next is not yet decided.(6) It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.2>. 谓语（Precicate）它是说明主语的动作或状态的部分.除了特殊的倒装结构一般位于主语后。

①His father is a fireman.②The children laughed. ③We should pay attention to English idioms.3.宾语（Object）宾语是及物动词的对象和内容。

不及物动词后不能接宾语。

介词后面的名词或代词叫做介词宾语。

可有n,pron,num或与之相当的结构担任。

如：(1) Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? (2) I don’t know where he has gone.(3) The sun gives us light and warmth.4. 补语（Complement）用于补充说明主语或宾补。

常由adj,n或相当的结构充当。

①.He doesn’t believe the story true.②.The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week.③.They saw her walking into the bookstore. (4) He was considered to be the best player.5. 表语（Predicative）它在联系动词之后表示主语的性质、特征、状态或身份的部分。