2013年12月大学英语四级考试
阅读理解真题及答案（全套）
幸福就好我亦安
2013年12月大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题(一)
【阅读】
Sectio n C
Directio ns : There are 2 passages in this sect ion. Each passage is followed by some questi ons or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2 with a sin gle line through the cen tre.
Passage One
Questi ons 56 to 60 are based on the follow ing passage.
In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food in take are in flue need by a large nu mber of factors besides our biological n eed for
energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.
Studies have show n, for in sta nee, that eati ng in front of the TV (or a similar
distract ion) can in crease both hun ger and the amount of food con sumed. Even simple
visual cues, like plate size and light ing, have bee n show n to affect portion size and con sumpti on.
A new study suggested that our short-term memoryalso mayplay a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they ' d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them —in other words, how much they remembered eati ng.
This disparity (盖弃) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger in flue nee on our appetite tha n the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brun strom, a professor of experime ntal psychology at the Uni versity of Bristol.
"Hun ger isn't con trolled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. Wehave identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says.
"This shows that the relati on ship betwee n hun ger and food in take is more complex than we thought."
These findings echo earlier research that suggests our percepti on of food can sometimes trick our body' s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instanee, people who drank the same
3S0-calorie (卡路里)milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙),depending on whether
the shake' s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.
What does this mean for our eat ing habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eati ng less, the new findings do highlight the ben efits of
focus ing on our food and avoidi ng TV and multitask ing while eat ing.
The so-called min dful-eat ing strategies can fight distract ions and help us con trol our appetite, Brun strom says.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
56. What is said to be a factor affect ing our appetite and food in take?
A) How we perceive the food we eat. C) When we eat our meals.
B) What in gredie nts the food contains. D) How fast we eat our meals.
57. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?
A) You would probably be more picky about food.
B) You would not feel like eat ing the same food.
C) You would have a good appetite.
D) You would not feel so hun gry.
58. What do we learn from the 2011 study?
A) Food labels may mislead con sumers in their purchases.
B) Food labels may in flue nee our body ' s response to food.
C) Hun ger levels depe nd on on e's con sumpti on of calories.
D) People tend to take in a lot more calories tha n n ecessary.
59. What does Brun strom suggest we do to con trol our appetite?
A) Trick ourselves into eating less. C) Concentrate on food while eating.
B) Choose food with fewer calories. D) Pick dishes of the right size.
60. What is the main idea of the passage?
A) Eati ng distract ions ofte n affect our food digesti on.
B) Psychological factors in flue nee our hun ger levels.
C) Our food in take is determ ined by our biological n eeds.
D) Good eat ing habits will con tribute to our health.
Passage Two
Questi ons 61 to 65 are based on the follow ing passage.
As a society we might want to rethink the time and money spent on education, so that these resources can ben efit a greater perce ntage of the populatio n. Ideally, both high schools and colleges can prepare individuals for the ever-changing roles
that are likely to be expected of them.
High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy. Ween courage stude nts to go on to college whether they are prepared or not, or have a clear sense of purpose or interest, and now have the highest college dropout rate in the world.
Wemight look to other countries for models of how high schools can offer better training, as well as the developme nt of a work ethic ( 勤奋工作的美德) and the
in tellectual skills n eeded for con ti nued lear ning and developme nt. I recomme nd Harvard's 2011 "Pathways to Prosperity" report for more attention to the "forgotten
half" (those who do not go on to college) and ideas about how to address this issue.
Simultaneously, the liberal arts become more important than ever. In a knowledge
economy where professi onal roles cha nge rapidly and many college stude nts are preparing for positions that may not even exist yet, the skill set needed is one that prepares them for cha nge and con ti nued lear ning.
Lear ning to express ideas well in both writ ing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all-solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college. Weneed to continue to value broad preparation in thinking skills ihat will serve for a lifetime.
Stude nts also n eed to lear n to work in depe nden tly and to make resp on sible
decisions. The lengthening path to adulthood appears exacerbated (惡化)by parental involvement in the college years. Given the rising investment in college education, pare ntal concern is not surpris ing, but lear ning where and whe n to in terve ne (
预)will help students take more ownership of the outcomes of these increasingly costly educati ons.
注意：此部分试越请在答题卡2上作答。
61. What kind of educati on does the author think is ideal?
A) It ben efits the great majority of the gen eral populatio n.
B) It prepares stude nts to meet the future n eeds of society.
C) It en courages stude nts to lear n throughout their lives.
D) It ensures that students' expectations are successfully fulfilled.
62. What does the author say is the problem with present high school education?
A) Ignoring the n eeds of those who don't go to college.
B) Teaching skills to be used right after graduation only.
C) Givi ng little atte nti on to those hav ing difficulty lear ning.
D) Creati ng the highest dropout rate in the developed world.
63. What characterizes a kno wledge economy accord ing to the passage?
A) People have to receive higher educati on to qualify for a professi onal
positi on.
B) Stude nts majori ng in liberal arts usually have difficulty securi ng a job.
C) New positi ons are con sta ntly created that require people to keep lear ning.
D) Colleges find it hard to teach students how to cope with the changing economy.
64. What does the author think a liberal arts college should focus on?
A) Solid backgro und kno wledge in a particular field.
B) Practical skills urge ntly n eeded in curre nt society.
C) Basic skills n eeded for cha nge and life long lear ning.
D) Useful thi nki ng skills for adva need academic research.
65. What suggesti on docs the author offer to pare nts?
A) Rethi nking the value of higher educati on.
B) In vesti ng wisely in their childre n's educati on.
C) Help ing their childre n Io bring their tale nt into full play.
D) Avoiding too much intervention in their children
s educati on.
【答案解析】
Sectio n C
Passage One
参考译文
(56) (60)近年来，越来越多的研究表明：除了对能量的生理需要外，人们的食欲和食物摄取受
到诸多因素的影响，包括人们的饮食环境和对面前食物的认知。
研究表明，例如，在电视机(或者类似的消遣)前饮食能够同时增加饥饿感和食物的摄取量。即使是筒单的视觉信号，比如餐盘的尺寸和灯光，也被证实会对食物分量和摄取量造成影响。
(60)新的研究显示人们的短期记忆同样对食欲起作用。(57)饭后几小时，决定人们饥饿
程度的不是他们已食用的食物量，而是他们吃饭时面前所见到的食物量，换言之，是他们所记得的食物量。
布里斯托大学实验心理学教授Jeffrey M. Brunstrom认为：这种差异表明人们之前的饮
食记忆对食欲造成的影响可能超过食物的真实数量对食欲造成的影响。
"饥饿程度不仅仅与最近所食食物的特征有关。我们已经确认了最近饮食在记忆中的独立作用Brunstrom说,"这表明饥饿程度和食物摄取之间的关系要比我们想象的复杂得多。
这些发现印证了早期的研究。(60)早期研究表明，人们对食物的认知有时会欺骗身体对食物作出反应?例如：(58)在2011年的一项研究中，参与者在两个不同场合食用了同样含有380卡路里的奶昔，但是根据奶昔标签上标注的是620卡路里还是140卡路里，参与者分泌
出了不同水平的与饥饿相关的荷尔蒙。而且，根据报告，当参与者认为自己食用了高卡路里
的奶昔时，他们感觉更饱。
这对于人们的饮食习惯意味着什么呢？尽管新发现在让人减少饮食方面显得不切实除但是确实能使人们认识到专注于食物、避免饮食时看电视或同时进行多项活动的益处。
(59)Brunstrom 说，所谓的”用心饮食”策略能够对抗干扰，帮助人们控制食欲。
56. 【定位】由题干中的appetite 和food in take 定位到首段第一句。
A) 【精析】事实细节题。文章开篇指出了人们的食欲和食物摄取受到诸多因素的影响，
包括人们的饮食环境和对面前食物的认知，故答案为A)。
57. 【定位】由题干中的remembered和previous meal 定位到第三段第二句。
D)【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出，饭后几小时，决定人们饥饿程度的不是他们已食用的食物量，而是他们吃饭时面前所见到的食物量，也就是说，影响人们饥饿程度的是他们记忆中的食物量而不是胃里的食物量。由此可推断，记忆对饮食造成影响，如果记忆中上顿饭吃
了很多，那么不管是不是真的吃了很多，都不会感觉太饿，故答案为D)。
58. 【定位】由题干中的2011 study定位到第六段第二句。
B) 【精析】细节归纳题。定位句详细描述了2011年的一项研究。在研究中，参与者
在两个不同场合食用了相同卡路里的奶昔，但是奶昔标签上分别标注了620卡路里和140
卡路里，结果显示，根据标注的中路里含量，参与者分泌了不同水平的与饥饿相关的荷尔
蒙，而且当食用了标注620卡路里的奶昔时，他们感觉更饱。实际上两份奶昔的卡路里含
量是相同的，由于标签标注的不同，让人产生自我暗示，使人体对食物产生了不同的反应。故答案为B)。
59. 【定位】由题干中的control our appetite 定位到文
章最后一句。
C) 【精析】细节归纳题。定位句指出，所谓的”用心饮食"策略能够对抗干扰，帮助人们控制食欲。也就是Brunstrom建议我们通过"用心饮食"策略控制饮食用心饮食"和前文中提到的”专注于食物”相照应，故答案为C)。
60. 【定位】由题干中的mai n idea定位到各部分主题句。如第一段的第一句、第三
段的第一句、第六段的第一句和最后一句。
B) 【精析】主旨大意题。全文可分为三个部分，第一部分提出论点一一人们的食欲和食物摄取受到包括环境和对食物的认知等诸多因素的影响。
第二部分引用相关科学研究论证这
些影响因素，特别指出饮食环境、对食物的记忆、食物包装上的标签对人产生的心理暗示作用影响饮食。最后一部分提出通过专注饮食来控制食欲的建议。对食物及饮食环境的认
知，对食物的记忆，食物标签产生的心理暗示等都属于心理因素，统观全文，作者一直围绕心理因素对食欲的影响展开论述，故答案为B)。
Passage two
参考译文
我们的社会应该反思花费在教育上的时间和金钱，以便这些资源能使更多的人受益。(61)理想上，高中和大学都应该能培养可以适应未来角色变化的学生。
(62)高中学历所提供给学生的就业准备远比预期少，或者远比目前其他国家所提供的少，因而造成了经济中不新扩大的技能差距。不管学生有没有做好准备，有没有明确的目标或兴趣，我们都鼓励他们继续读大学，因而产生了自前世界上最高的大学辍学率。
我们可以借鉴其他国家的做法，学习高中阶段如何提供更好的培训，同时培养学生勤奋工作的美德及继续学习和发展所需的心智技能。我向大家推荐哈佛大学2011年"迈向繁荣
之路"报告,来更多地关注”被遗忘的一半"(那些没上大学的人)以及解决这一问题的观点。
同时,人文科学比以往任何阶段都更重要。(63)在知识型经济中，职业角色迅速变化，很多大学生为之准备的职位甚至可能还不存在，他们所需的是能让他们适应变化和继续学习的技能组合。
(64)学会在书面和口头陈述中很好地表达观点，知道如何寻找信息及如何作调查研究都
是为适应各种不同角色所应具备的扎实的背景技术。在文理学院，此类的培训比任何一门专
业都重要。我们需要继续重视并广泛培养将会終生受益的思维技能。
学生们还需要学会独立学习，学会做出负责任的决定。由于家长在大学阶段的参与，通向成年的漫长道路看起来好像更长了。考虑到对大学教育不断攀升的投资，家长的担心也不足为奇，（65）但是学会如何地进行干预将会有助于学生享受这些日益昂责的教育所带来的成果。
答案详解
61. 【定位】由题干中的ideal定位到第一段第二句。
B）【精析】语义理解题。定位句指出：理想上，高中和大学都应该能培养学生适应未来
角色的变化。此句表明在未来社会中，人们的角色会不断发生变化,理想的教育就是能培
养适应这种变化的人才，也就是说，理想的教育可以满足未来社会的需求，故答案为B）。
62. 【定位】由题干中的problem，high school 定位到第二段。
D）【精析】事实细节题。作者在文章第二段论述了目前高中教育的问题，如提供给学生
的就业准备不足,造成了经济中不断扩大的技能差距。盲目鼓励学生读大学造成了目前世
界上最高的大学綴学率,故答案为D）。
63. 【定位】由题干中的knowledge economy定位到第四段第二句。
C）【精析】细节推断题。定位句提到，在知识型经济中,职业角色变化迅速，很多大学
生为之准备的职位甚至可能还不存在。由此可推断，知识型经济的特征是职业的迅速变化，
新的职位不断地被创造,有些读书时还不存在的职位可能在毕业时出现,届时,在学校里学
到的知识就远远不够了，因此人们需要持续学习来适应这些不断被创造出的新职位，故答
案为C）。
64. 【定位】由题干中的liberal arts college 定位到第五段第一句。
C）【精析】细节归纳题。文章第五段提到在文理学院,这些培训比任何一门专业都重要。
"这些培训"指上文提到的"学会在口失和书面陈述中很好地表达观点，知道如何寻找信息并
且知道如何作调査研究",而这些技能培训是为了适应未来的变化，故答案为C）。
65. 【定位】由题干中的suggestion和parents定位到文章最后一句。
【精析】细节归纳题。最后一段提到由于家长在大学阶段的参与，通向成年的漫长道
路看起来好像更长了",这句话我们可以理解为家长在大学阶段过多参与孩子的教育会影
响孩子的成长。文章最后指出"学会何时何地进行干预将会有助于学生享受这些日益昂贵的教育所带来的成果。"也就是说，作者建议家长学会适当的参与，避免过多的干预，这样才能
使孩子更好地成长，使教育取得更大的成效，故答案为D）。
2013年12月大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题（二）Part 3 Section C
【阅读理解】
Sectio n C
Directio ns : There are 2 passages in this secti on. Each passage is followed
by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2 with a sin gle line through the cen tre.
Passage One
Questi ons 56 to 60 are based on the follow ing passage.
A recent global survey of 2 000 high-net-worth individuals found that 60%were
not pla nning on a traditi onal retireme nt. Among US participa nts, 75% expected to continue working
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures. B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C) They are only about half an inch thick. D) They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research. B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species. 6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance. C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.
阅读答案 Section A 选词填空(卷1) 26. E constructed 27. O undertaken 28. F consulted 29. M range 30. N scale 31. I eventually 32. K necessarily 33. L production 34. A cheaper 35. J height Section B 段落信息匹配卷1 36—K 37—D 38—M 39—G 40—B 41—L 42—H 43—F 44—J 45—C Section C 仔细阅读 Passage one 46. A. Seneca's thinking is still applicable today 问题：What are researchers rediscovering through their studies 解析：问题题干中的“researchers”和“today”是解题的关键，对应到文中第一段的“Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date”。选项中“Seneca’s thinking “ 对应到“this ancient wisdom” ，而“still applicable”对应到“bring…up-to-date”,故答案为A。 47.B. It is a teaching tool under development 问题：What do we learn about “Betty’s Brain”？ 解析：根据“Betty’s Brian”定位，定位到第三段，而该段的段首便强调“ But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the “teaching agent” “ ,意味着整段文字要叙述的主要是和“ tool “有关的信息，且选项中的”under development”和原文信息重合，故答案为B。 48 C. It helps them learn their academic subjects better.
CET4 2015年6月份英语四级真题（CET4）
未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册! Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and them comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. THIS MODERN LIFE: WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP 请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will bear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答 1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decision later B) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a club member 2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced B) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one C ) The guide books in the library have the latest information D) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver 3. A) He regrets having taken the history course B) He finds little interests in history books
大学英语四级历年真题及答案（经典版） 2012年6月英语四级 Part ⅠWriting (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象 2.出现这一现象的原因 3.我对这一现象的看法和建议 On Excessive Packaging Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C）and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Small Schools Rising This year's list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing. Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress. Size isn't everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and
2018年12月大学英语四级真题完整版（第3套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad.You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. R ead the passage t hrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once． Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague?D elivered a 26to a subordinate (下属) with a voice-mail message? Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person? The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for 27and productivity---and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the 28when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news one that’s best --- 29business communication consultants and etiquette for the recipient? We’ve (礼仪) experts to come up with the following guidelines for 30using the alterative ways of delivering difficult messages. First of all, choose how personal you want to be. A face-to-face communication is the most 31 .Other choices, in descending order of personalization, are: a real-time phone call, a voice-mail message, a handwritten note, a typewritten letter, and the most 32is email. Some of these may change order according to the 33 situation or your own preferences; for example, a handwritten note might seem more personal than voice mail. How do you decide on the best choice for the difficult message you’ve got to deliver? “My 34concern is: How can I soften or civilize this says etiquette expert Dana Casperson. “So when I apologize, I usually message?” choose in-person first, or a phone conversation as my top alternative, and maybe a
2016年12月大学英语四级真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1and 2 are based on the news report you have just the heard. 1. A) It was going to be renovated. C) It was dangerous to live in. B) He could no longer pay the rent. D) He had sold it to the royal family. 2. A) A storm. C) A forest fire. B) A strike. D) A Terrorist attack. Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) They lost contact with the emergency department. B) They were injured by suddenly falling rocks. C) They sent calls for help via a portable radio. D) They were trapped in an underground elevator. 4. A) They provided the miner with food and water.
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words. Supposea foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the mostinteresting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Questions 36 to 45 are based onthe following passage. Global warming is a trend towardwarmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we haveexperienced a 20,000 -year -long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice 36 away.However, we have already reached temperatures that are in 37 withother minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are 38 toa predicted worldwide increase in temperatures 39 between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more 40 in some areas, less in others, and some placesmay even cool
大学英语四级考试真题及答案 Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 建设绿色校园很重要 2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境…… 3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该…… Creating a Green Campus Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aid Good grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid. But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars. George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago. Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008. Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school. For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running. But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,”says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum. Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it. “As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,”says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Repor t’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17. Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year, “served us well,”Inzer says, but “to be
2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During (26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .