【英语】被动语态详解+例句(1)
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【英语】被动语态详解+例句一、单项选择被动语态1.— Can we play basketball in the school gym?— No, it ______ during the summer holidays.A.is repaired B.is being repairedC.was repaired D.has been repaired【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。
句意:--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?--不行,暑假期间操场正在被修葺。
根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。
主语it和动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。
故选B。
2.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledC.developed D.contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。
elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。
故选B。
3.—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.— Oh,my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A.was expected B.will expectC.expected D.will be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查时态和语态。
句意:——经理出差回来了。
他正在问你要报告。
——哦,天哪,我还没完成呢。
但是本来预计他明天回公司。
根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。
一、被动语态的含义英语中时态很多,但语态不多,只有两种,即:主动语态和被动语态。
所谓“被动语态”,相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式,如:“他的自行车被偷了。
”,“这座楼房是由他们建造的。
”二、被动语态的结构那么,英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢?请看下面的例句(注意划线部分):His bicycle was stolen.The building has been built in 2000.通过上面的例句,可以看出,“被动语态”的构成是:be + 过去分词+ (by+动作执行者)三、被动语态的运用什么情况下要用被动语态呢?一般地说,有下面几种情况:(1)不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。
例如:Paper is made from wood. (纸是由木材生产出来的。
)The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (这座房子太旧了。
它是1950年建成的。
)He was wounded in the fight. (他在战斗在受伤了。
)Electricity is used to run machines. (电是用来开动机器的。
)(2)需要强调动作的对象时。
例如:Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.(计算器不能用于数学考试。
)Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. (阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。
)He was awarded first prize in that contest.(他在比赛中获得了第一。
)(3)为了使语气婉转,避免提到是谁做的这件事。
例如:The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. (新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。
英语语法被动语态考点总结标题:英语语法被动语态考点总结一、被动语态的基本概念在英语语法中,被动语态(Passive Voice)是一种动词形式,用于表达主语是动作的承受者而非执行者。
其基本结构为“be + 过去分词”。
例如:“The book is read by Mary.”(这本书被玛丽阅读。
)二、被动语态的构成方式1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词。
例句:The cake is made by my sister every day.2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词。
例句:The house was built in 1980.3. 现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been + 过去分词。
例句:The project has been completed successfully.4. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词。
例句:The meeting will be chaired by the manager tomorrow.5. 过去进行时的被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词。
例句:At that time,a new building was being constructed on the campus.6. 现在完成进行时的被动语态:have/has been being + 过去分词。
例句:For the past two hours, the experiment has been being conducted by the researchers.三、被动语态的应用场景1. 不知道或无需提及动作的执行者时。
2. 强调动作的承受者或者结果时。
3. 在科技论文、新闻报道、官方文件等正式文体中常使用被动语态以保持客观公正。
四、被动语态的转换与注意事项主动语态可以转换为被动语态,反之亦然。
中考英语被动语态用法讲解一、主动语态和被动语态的概念1)He opened the door. 他开了门。
以上例句是一个主动句,主语是动作的执行者/发出者2)The door was opened by him. 门被开了。
第二个例句是一个被动句,主语是动作的承受者汉语中表示被动的词:被…/由…/受…/给…英语中表被动用:be+过去分词构成二、被动语态的结构及用法1)被动语态的几种句型肯定句:主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)eg: My phone was made in China.否定句:主语+be not+过去分词+(by)eg: My phone wasn’t made in China.一般疑问句:Be+主语+过去分词+(by)?eg: Was your phone made in China?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by)? eg: Where was your phone made?2)不同时态中的被动语态3)被动语态的用法当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by短语。
The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.昨天,教室的前窗被打破了。
(不知谁打破的)They have been poorly paid.他们的工资太低。
(没必要指出工资是谁付的)突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。
These books are written especially for children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
(强调的是“这些书”)三、主动语态变被动语态1)一般情况下主动语态变被动语态主动句:He closed the door.变被动句:The door was closed by him.口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done, 时不变,数格必须随被变。
英语被动语态例句
被动语态用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
以下是一些英语中的被动语态例句:
1.The book was read by the student.(这本书被学生读了。
)
2.The cake is being baked by my sister.(蛋糕正在被我姐姐烤。
)
3.The letter has been written by Tom.(这封信已经被汤姆写了。
)
4.The house was destroyed by the hurricane.(这座房子被飓风摧毁了。
)
5.The movie will be watched by millions of people.(这部电影将被数百万人观看。
)
6.The new bridge is being built by the construction crew.(新桥正在被建造,由施工队
负责。
)
7.The news was announced by the spokesperson.(这则新闻由发言人宣布。
)
8.The song has been sung by many famous artists.(这首歌曲已经被许多著名艺术家演
唱过。
)
在被动语态中,动作的执行者通常可以省略,或者在需要强调时加上。
中考专项复习专题【被动语态】(附例题以及答案)本章节内容1.被动语态的基本形式2.不同时态的被动语态3.被动语态的技巧指导4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况5.被动语态在句子中运用1被动语态的基本形式一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“be+done”。
在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。
二、常用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。
2不同时态的被动语态1.时态和语态的结合是中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。
2.其他时态的被动语态3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。
Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。
3被动语态的技巧指导(1)根据选项定考点单项填空对语态的考查均会结合时态,4个选项中一般包含两个主动语态,两个被动语态;而其对时态的考查一般不会涉及语态。
因此,如果选项中出现被动语态,即可判断此题考查被动语态,由此便可排除非被动语态的选项。
(2)根据时态选答案首先,考生需要根据关键词(时间状语)来判断时态。
对于没有关键词的试题,则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。
如:—Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tony.—I ___ as the captain of the school football team.A. chooseB. choseC. am chosenD. was chosen方法点拨第1步:根据选项A、B为时态,C、D为被动语态可知本题考查被动语态,因此可排除A、B两项。
英语被动语态例句与讲解【典型例句呈现】1. The students are made to write a composition every other day.2. Thousands of people got killed in the Indian Ocean Tsunami.3. Effective measures have to be taken to combat bird flu.4. The poem reads smoothly.5. I am very surprised at your response.6. The flowers are being watered.7. They were reported to have been sent into the moon last year.8. More trees will be planted in spring next year.9. The exit sign may be stuck on the side door.10. Generally speaking, no one likes being made fun of in public.【用法小结】1. 当动词不定式在一些动词后面作宾语补足语时,在被动语态中不能省略to,这组动词为感官动词(see, hear, watch, notice, observe 等)和使役动词(make, have 等)。
(例1)2. get 用于被动语态,相当于be。
(例2)3. 根据语境需要选择恰当的情态动词用于被动语态,表能力,义务,可能性等。
(例3,9)4. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意思。
(例4) 又如:(1) Cotton doesn’t dry quickly.(2) The door won’t shut.(3) The pen writes smoothly.5. 有些动词形式上是被动语态,但功能是形容词。
一、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。
如:The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有据报道It is reported that…据说It is said that…大家相信It is believed that…有人建议It is suggested that…二、主动语态变为被动语态1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。
如:by Tom.Tom killed him. → He was killed(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意:They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。
I语法:被动语态英语中有两种语态,一种是主动语态,一种是被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者,或者动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,则用被动语态。
[观察例句]1.It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife,Claire.2.All the work has been finished by now.3.Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human,and it was disturbing.4.You are invited to make a speech in our school.5.Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.[归纳用法]1.例句1中的黑体词部分为过去将来时的被动形式,其构成是was/were going to+be +done。
2.例句2中的黑体词部分为现在完成时的被动形式,其构成是has/have +been +done。
3.例句3中的黑体词部分为过去进行时的被动形式,其构成是was/were +being +done。
4.例句4中的黑体词部分为一般现在时的被动形式,其构成是is/are +done。
5.例句5中的黑体词部分为动词不定式一般式的被动形式,其构成是to+be +done。
一、被动语态的基本构成和用法被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be 的变化上,其变化形式与系动词be的完全一样。
下面以do为例列举各种时态的被动语态的形式。
希望大家遵守以下规定。
Some volunteers will be sent to the remote village to help improve the education there.一些志愿者将被派往那个偏远的村庄来帮助提高那里的教育水平。