nicknames of 50 states of America

美利坚合众国的国旗旗面由13道红白相间的宽条构成，左上角还有一个包含了50颗白色小五角星的蓝色长方形。

50颗小星代表了美国的50个州，而13条间纹则象征着美国最早建国时的13块殖民地。

红色象征勇气，白色象征真理，蓝色则象征正义。

这面旗帜俗称“星条旗”(Stars and Stripes)，正式名称“合众国旗”(The Flag of the United States)。

它在正式成为美国国旗后曾经过28次修改。

国旗是美国宪法以及权利法案所保障的所有自由的象征。

大多数时候它还是个人自由的象征。

The national flag of the United States of America (the American flag) consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red(top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton(referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The fifty stars on the flag represent the 50 states and the 13 stripes represent the original thirteen colonies that rebelled against the British monarchy and became the first states in the Union.[1]Nicknames for the flag include the Stars and Stripes, Old Glory,[2]and The Star-Spangled Banner (also the name of the national anthem).1、今日的美利坚合众国国旗；2、标有“少惹我”（Don't Tread on Me）字体的旗帜；3、刚刚诞生的星条旗（1777年）；4、大陆彩色旗；5、标准化的星条旗（1912年）；6、星杠旗（南北战争）；7、联盟战旗（南北战争）。

美国五十州来历美国五十州来历美国由华盛顿哥伦比亚特区、五十州和众多海外岛屿组成，总面积约937万平方千米，位居世界第四。

1、建国时13州1776年7月4日，在费城召开的第二次大陆会议上，13州代表一致通过《独立宣言》，宣告美利坚合众国正式建立。

这十三个州分别为：弗吉尼亚、马萨诸塞、新罕布什尔、马里兰、罗得岛、康涅狄格、北卡罗来纳、南卡罗来纳、纽约、新泽西、宾夕法尼亚、特拉华和佐治亚。

2、英国割让11州1783年英国承认美国独立，将大西洋沿岸的大片土地和阿巴拉契亚山脉以东的英属殖民地划给美国，这些土地经过美国移民迁徙政策后形成了亚拉巴州，密西西州、田纳西州，艾奥瓦州、、俄亥俄州、印第安纳州、伊利诺伊州、密歇根州、威斯康星州和明尼苏达州（今明尼苏达州的一部分）；同时独立战争中保持中立的佛蒙特州加入美国。

至此美国由13州变成24州。

3、从法国购买路易斯安纳（7美元1平方公里）1803年4月30日，美国从拿破仑政府购买路易斯安娜。

同样经过美国的移民开发形成了路易斯安那州、阿肯色州、俄克拉荷马州、密苏里州、堪萨斯州、爱荷华州、蒙大拿州、科罗拉多州一部分，怀俄明州一部分，明尼苏达州一部分和北达科他州一部分。

至此美国拥有36州。

4、从西班牙抢得佛罗里达1819年美国将军安德鲁·达克逊占领彭萨科拉，从西班牙人手中夺取了佛罗里达；1845年佛罗里达加入美国联邦，成为美国第27州。

5、美墨战争从墨西哥抢得德克萨斯、新墨西哥和利福尼亚1846年—1848年，因为德克萨斯的美国移民闹独立，美国和墨西哥打了一仗。

美墨战争开打的那年，俄勒冈地区加入了美国，美国获得俄勒冈州、华盛顿州和爱达荷州这三个州。

战后墨西哥一半的领土被割让给美国，即加利福尼亚州、新墨西哥州、亚利桑那州、和德克萨斯州，至此美国拥有了43州。

6、分离5州1792年6月1日肯塔基州从弗吉尼亚州分离，1820年3月15日缅因州从马萨诸塞州分离，1821年8月10日密苏里州从路易斯安那州分离，1863年6月20日西弗吉尼亚州从弗吉尼亚州分离，1889年11月8日蒙大拿州从爱达荷州分离。

The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.At 3.79 million square miles and with over 310 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. TheU.S. economy is the world's largest national economy.The national flag of the United States consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The fifty stars on the flag represent the 50 states and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen colonies that rebelled against the British monarchy and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the "Stars and Stripes", "Old Glory," and "The Star-Spangled Banner" (also the name of the national anthem).Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States, filled with major museums and monuments, along with multi-cultural communities.New York is the most populous city in the United States and one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. As the home of the United Nations Headquarters, it is an important center for international affairs and is widely deemed the cultural capital of the world. The city is also referred to as New York City or the City of New York to distinguish it from the state of New York, of which it is a part. Many districts and landmarks in New York City have become well known to outsiders. Times Square, iconified as "The Crossroads of the World", is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway theater district, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry. The city hosts many world renowned bridges, skyscrapers, and parks.Los Angeles is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is a world center of business, international trade, entertainment, culture, media, fashion, science, technology, and education. As the home base of Hollywood, it is known as the "Entertainment Capital of the World", leading the world in the creation of motion pictures, television production, video games, and recorded music.The United States is extraordinarily diverse in its array of attractions.There are various places of interest in the county, such as Niagara Falls, Yellowstone National Park, Statue of Liberty, Times Square, The White House, Central Park, Grand Canyon, the Golden Gate Bridge, etc.The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. Aside from the now small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. The culture held in common by most Americans—mainstream American culture—is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa. More recent immigration from Asia and especially Latin America has added to a cultural mix that has been described as both a homogenizing melting pot and a heterogeneous salad bowl in which immigrants and their descendants retain distinctive cultural characteristics.Americans celebrate a variety of federal holidays and other national observances throughout the year, such as New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas.American holidays can be secular, religious, international, or uniquely American.Mainstream American cuisine is similar to that in other Western countries. Wheat is the primary cereal grain. Traditional American cuisine uses indigenous ingredients, such as turkey, venison, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, squash, and maple syrup, which were consumed by Native Americans and early European settlers. Characteristic dishes such asapple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs derive from the recipes of various immigrants. French fries, Mexican dishes such as pasta dishes freely adapted from Italian sources are widely consumed. Americans generally prefer coffee to tea. Highly sweetened soft drinks are widely popular.Baseball has been regarded as the national sport since the late 19th century. Basketball and ice hockey are the country's next two leading professional team sports. Boxing and horse racing were once the most watched individual sports, but they have been eclipsed by golf and auto racing, particularly NASCAR. Soccer is played widely at the youth and amateur levels. Tennis and many outdoor sports are popular as well.。

Nicknames of America's Fifty StatesA nickname is a shortened form of a person's name. A nickname can also be a descriptive name for a person, place or thing.America's fifty states have some of the most historically interesting nicknames.1、Alabama is known as the Heart of Dixie because it is in the very middle of a group of states in the Deep South. Dixie itself is a nickname for the American South. It started when Louisiana printed notes with the French word for "ten" on them. "Deece," or D-I-X, led to "Dixie."2、Way up north, Alaska is called the Last Frontier for understandable reasons. Near the Arctic Circle, it was the final part of the nation to be explored and settled.3、Arizona is the Grand Canyon State because of the famous winding canyon carved by the Colorado River.4、The southern state of Arkansas is the Land of Opportunity. The state legislature chose this nickname. Arkansas is rich in natural resources and has become a favorite place for older people to retire.5、In a popular Spanish book, a fictional island called "California" was filled withgold. Sure enough, plenty of it was discovered in the real California, in eighteen forty-eight. This started a gold rush unlike any other in American history in the Golden State.6、Y ou would think Colorado would be known as the Rocky Mountain State. But its nickname is the Centennial State. That is because it became a state in eighteen seventy-six, exactly one hundred years after the nation declared its independence.7、Connecticut is called the Nutmeg State after a spice. Connecticut Y ankees, as people in this northeast state are called, are known to be smart in business.So smart that it was said they could sell wooden, meaning false, nutmegs to strangers.8、Little Delaware is called the First Stat e because it was the first state -- the first to approve the new United States Constitution.9、The southern state of Florida likes to tell about its sunny days and fine beaches. So Florida is the Sunshine State.10、Florida's neighbor to the north grows some of the sweetest fruit in America. So Georgia is the Peach State.11、Hawaii, far out in the Pacific Ocean, is the Aloha State. That is the friendly greeting that means both "hello" and "goodbye" in the native Hawaiian language.12、Idaho is known as the Gem State. This is not because it has diamonds but because it believes it is the jewel of the western Rocky Mountains.13、Illinois is the Land of Lincoln. It is named for Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president who led the nation through the Civil War in the eighteen sixties.14、The Midwestern state of Indiana is called the Hoosier State, but nobody is quite sure why. One story is that the word was used to mean poor farmers or uneducated people. No wonder the state legislature instead calls India na the Crossroads of America.15、Iowa’s nickname, the Hawkeye State, is in honor of Black Hawk, an Indian chief who spent most of his life in neighboring Illinois!16、Kansas also has a "hawkish" nickname: the Jayhawk State. Jayhawkers were free-state guerrilla fighters opposed to the pro-slavery fighters in the years before the Civil War.17、Kentucky is the Bluegrass State. Bluegrass is really bright green but looks bluish from a distance.18、Louisiana is the Bayou State. A bayou is a slow-moving stream. Hundreds of them flow through this southern state, and many are full of alligators!19、Maine, in the nation’s northeast, is the Pine Tree State because it is covered in evergreen woods.20、And directly across the country, on the Pacific Coast, is the state of Washington. It also has lots of evergreen trees so, not surprisingly, it is the Evergreen State.21、The eastern state of Massachusetts is the Bay State. This body of water separates most of the state from famous Cape Cod.22、Six state nicknames are taken from native animals. Michigan is the Wolverine State. A wolverine is a small, fierce mammal.23、The badger is a similar and equally fierce creature and Wisconsin is the Badger State.24、Neighboring Minnesota, the Gopher State, is named for a much nicer animal that builds hills and tunnels. However, the Land of Ten Thousand Lakes is written on Minnesota’s vehicle license plates.25、North Dakota gets its nickname, the Flickertail State not from some bird, but from a little squirrel.26、South Dakota takes its nickname, the Coyote State, from an animal that thinks flickertails are good to eat!27、And Oregon, the Beaver State, borrows its nickname from the large, flat-tailed rodent that uses trees to build dams.28、The mid-Atlantic state of Maryland is called the Free State. A Baltimore newspaper first called it that during the nineteen twenties when the manufacture and sale of alcohol were banned for a time. Maryland said it wanted to be free from this prohibition.29、Mississippi is the Magnolia State. It is named for a tree with big, beautiful white flowers that grows in that hot, southern state.30、The midwestern state of Missouri is called the Show Me State. The people of that frontier state were once famous for not believing everything people told them.31、If you visit the western mountain and plains state of Montana you will know why it is known as Big Sky Country.32、Nebraska is the only state to have a nickname that honors sports teams! The state university's athletic teams are nicknamed Cornhuskers in recognition of one of the area's chief crops. The state borrowed the Cornhusker nickname from the university.33、The western desert state of Nevada is called the Silver State. It was once home to many silver mines and towns that grew up around them. Today, most of them are empty "ghost towns."34、New Hampshire, in the northeast area called New England, is the Granite State because of that colorful rock.35、New Jersey is between the big cities of New Y ork, New Y ork and Philadelphia, Pennyslvania. It got its nickname, the Garden State, because New Jersey truck farms once provided vegetables to those big cities.36、New York, which always thinks big, was called the Empire State because of its natural wealth. The most famous Manhattan skyscraper got its name from the state. It is, of course, the Empire State Building.37、If you get a chance to see a red sunset over the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of New Mexico, you will know why that southwestern state is called the Land of Enchantment.38、North and South Carolina were one colony until seventeen twenty-nine. South Carolina's nickname is the easier of the two: It is the Palmetto State because of a fan-leafed palm tree that grows there.39、North Carolina is the Tar Heel State. That is because many of the men who worked to gather substances from trees wore no shoes. They would make turpentine from tar and get the black, sticky tar on the heels of their feet.40、The state of Ohio is in the midwest.It is named the Buckeye State aftera tree that produces nuts similar to chestnuts.41、The Great Plains state of Oklahoma is called the Sooner State. That is because of a sale of land in eighteen eighty-nine. Some people arrived in the territory to claim their land earlier than they were supposed to.They cheated and got there "sooner."42、Pennsylvania's nickname is the Keystone State.Just as a keystone holds together a stone arch, Pennsylvania was seen as holding together the young American republic. Pennsylvania is also sometimes called The Quaker State. Its founder, William Penn, and most of his followers, were members of the Protestant Quaker religion.43、Rhode Island's nickname is Little Rhody because of its size.The state is smaller than the area around Los Angeles, California.44、Tennessee got its nickname -- the Volunteer State -- because of the bravery of its citizens.They volunteered to join Tennessean Andrew Jackson to defend the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, against the British army in the War of Eighteen Twelve.45、Texas is called the Lone Star State.It gets its nickname from the single star on its flag.This represents the short time Texas was an independent nation battling Mexico for self-rule.46、The Beehive State of Utah has no more beehives than any other state.The nickname is from the Mormon Church's symbol for hard work.?47、The eastern state of Vermont is proud of its beautiful Green Mountains so it calls itself the Green Mountain State.48、The southern state of Virginia is called the Old Dominion.Long ago, King Charles the Second of England added the colony's coat of arms to his shield.It joined his other dominions of England, Ireland, and Scotland.49、West Virginia broke away from Virginia in the eighteen sixties. It is called simply the Mountain State for the ancient Appalachian mountains.And we have saved perhaps the most American nickname for last.The western state of 50、Wyoming was once an area where cattle were transported east.And where there are cattle, there are men -- and now women -- to move them.So Wyoming is The Cowboy State.。