初中英语被动语态复习九年级上册 (1)
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被动语态一、教材分析被动语态出现在人教版九年级上册第五、六、七这三个单元。
第五单元提到的是一般现在时的被动语态,第六单元提到的是一般过去时的被动语态,第七单元提到的是含有情态动词的被动语态,因为2023年成都中考单项选择考查了一般将来时的被动语态,因此本课将一般将来时的被动语态也设计进来了。
本课是一节语法课,通过观察主动语态和被动语态的两个例句来总结归纳被动语态的基本结构,进而拓展另外三种被动语态的结构再配上相关变式训练以突破和巩固所学。
二、学情分析学生知道被动语态的基本结构,能用简单的被动语态结构去谈论相关话题,但是不能准确辨析什么情况使用什么时态的被动语态。
三、教学目标(一)知识目标经过本课的学习,学生能掌握被动语态的结构:be done(过去分词),以及衍生出来的4种结构:(1)一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are done(2)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were done(3)一般将来时的被动语态:will/be going to be done(4)含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be done(二)能力目标经过本课的学习,学生能使用不同形式的被动语态来谈论相关话题。
(三)情感目标学生要尊重客观事实,培养其科学思维。
(四)学习策略培养学生良好的解题习惯及策略,如:一读,读完题干和所有选项;二读,勾画关键词;三读,确定答案。
四、教学重点和教学难点(一)教学重点被动语态的结构:be done(过去分词)(1)一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are done(2)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were done(3)一般将来时的被动语态:will/be going to be done(4)含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be done(二)教学难点使用不同形式的被动语态来谈论相关话题。
五、教学步骤(一)复习和热身教师呈现一张“Made in China”图片,激活学生被动语态的知识,并导入本课话题“passive voice(被动语态)”。
中考专项复习专题【被动语态】(附例题以及答案)本章节内容1.被动语态的基本形式2.不同时态的被动语态3.被动语态的技巧指导4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况5.被动语态在句子中运用1被动语态的基本形式一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“be+done”。
在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。
二、常用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。
Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。
2不同时态的被动语态1.时态和语态的结合是中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。
2.其他时态的被动语态3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。
Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。
3被动语态的技巧指导(1)根据选项定考点单项填空对语态的考查均会结合时态,4个选项中一般包含两个主动语态,两个被动语态;而其对时态的考查一般不会涉及语态。
因此,如果选项中出现被动语态,即可判断此题考查被动语态,由此便可排除非被动语态的选项。
(2)根据时态选答案首先,考生需要根据关键词(时间状语)来判断时态。
对于没有关键词的试题,则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。
如:—Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tony.—I ___ as the captain of the school football team.A. chooseB. choseC. am chosenD. was chosen方法点拨第1步:根据选项A、B为时态,C、D为被动语态可知本题考查被动语态,因此可排除A、B两项。
新目标英语初中被动语态讲解及练习一、动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者;被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成基本结构是:“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。
各种时态的主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系见下表:主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does am/is/are+done一般过去时did was/were+done含有情态动词can/may/must/need/should...+do can/may/must/need/should...+be+done一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时现在完成时过去完成时三、主动语态变被动语态的方法1.转换示意图:2.主动语态变被动语态的步骤①时态与原句保持一致。
②把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语(如果是人称代词,要将宾格变为主格)。
③把谓语变成被动结构“be+过去分词”结构(要注意原句的时态和主语的单复数)。
④把主动语态中的主语改为by构成的介词短语,放在谓语动词之后(by短语有时可省略)。
如:We clean the classroom every day. 我们天天打扫教室。
→The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day. 教室天天(被我们)打扫。
We must send the girl to the hospital at once. 我们必须马上把这女孩送到医院。
→The girl must be sent to the hospital at once (by us). 这女孩必须马上(被我们)送到医院。
四、被动语态的用法1.不知道谁是动作的执行者时。
如:Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知道是谁偷的) 2.没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
如:Books mustn’t be taken out of the library.书不准被带出图书馆。
教学过程九年级上英语被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态:英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
主语是动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
及物动词的过去分词构成。
助动词助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致,并有时态的变化。
例如:The man was fooled by the two boys. The book has been translated into several languages. 二、被动语态的用法(1)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。
例如:)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。
例如:Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. The new test book will be used next term. (2)当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时,当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时,要用被动语态。
要用被动语态。
例如:例如:This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop. The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday. (3)含有双宾语的句子,主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语,另一个保留不变。
变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。
例如:The pianist gave the pupils(间接宾语)some advice(直接宾语) →The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. →Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist. (4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语,动词不定式不加to。
被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
如:He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。
(主动语态)The door was opened. 这扇门被打开了。
(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。
疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2.一般过去时(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done) The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时,机器正在被修理。
九年级Unit 1Grammar1.介词引导的方式状语(扩充by 的用法)1. by +n. 通过by+ doing 在句中作方式状语,常用来表示“以,靠,借助,通过,用”某种方法或手段达到某种预期的目的。
Eg. I made a coat with my own hands. It was made by hand, not by machine.我亲手做了一件外套。
它不是由机器做的,而是手工做成的。
You can realize your dream by working hard.通过努力,你可以实现你的梦想。
2. with+ n. (有形)表示用某种工具或身体的某个部位。
Eg. He often writes with his left hand.他常常用左手写字。
3. through +n. 指方法或手段时,“经由,通过,以”/+空间n.Eg. We can see many stars in the sky through telescopes.通过望远镜我们可以看到天空中的许多星星。
4. in+ n. 表示用某种材料或语言Eg. Please answer this question in English.请用英语回答这个问题。
5. on+n. (交通工具或电信工具)在电话中常用on/over the phoneEg. I have learned many English songs on TV.我通过电视学了很多英文歌。
by 作介词的用法(扩充)(1)by+ doing “用……手段方式”(2)by+交通工具, “乘坐……交通工具”(3) by+地点n. 表方位, “在……旁边”(4)by+时间n. “到时候”(5)by 用于构成被动语态,表示“被,由”。
have free talk with sb. 与某人闲谈take notes 记笔记It's no use doing sth.做某事徒劳无益It's known to all that+从句,表示“众所周知……”It+be+过去分词+主语从句,it作形式主语代替that从句2.It 的用法(作形式主语, 形式宾语,代词)1.作形式主语动词不定式、动名词或主语从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而将it 置于句首,作形式主语1. It is/was +adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.表示做某事对某人来说怎么样,侧重于事件对人的影响常用easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等形容词作表语。
被动语态一、考点解读在动词运用中,动词的时态和被动语态是重头戏,各项英语测试均对此“情有独钟”。
在各地的中考题的单选,完型填空中都会出现对于被动语态的考查。
今天我们这个专题中将主要复习归纳以下的内容:1.被动语态的构成2.被动语态的用法3.主动语态和被动语态的转换4.被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式二、专题梳理动词的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间的具体关系,分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动词的执行者。
在初中阶段我们所学的句子绝大部分都是主动语态。
今天我们主要复习被动语态,被动语态表示主语不是动作的执行者,而是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
(一)被动语态的构成1.被动语态的基本结构:be+动词过去分词2.各种时态的主动被动语态结构(以动词do为例)(二)被动语态的用法被动语态中主语是动作的承受者,主要用于下列几种情况:1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。
2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.More trees must be planted every year.每年必须有更多的树被种植。
3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people inthe world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语(强调汉语的使用广泛)。
4.动作的发出者不是人时。
e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.很多房屋在洪水中被冲走了。
(三)主动语态和被动语态的转换1.主动语态变被动语态:(1)要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分,若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变主格。
(2)把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,主格变宾格,并由by引导。
(3)谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】被动语态的构成、用法注意点考点总结(讲义)九年级英语教研室整理两种语态英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice)。
什么是主动语态和被动语态?主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
各种被动语态的构成1.一般现在时态的被动语态:am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时态的被动语态:was /were +动词的过去分词3、情态动词的被动语态:情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词4.一般将来时态的被动语态:will be +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时态的被动语态:have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.过去完成时态的被动语态:had been+动词的过去分词7.现在进行时态的被动语态:am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词主动语态变被动语态【背诵口诀】宾语变主语,主语变宾语,谓语动词变be done ,主动被动时态不变化。
【注意】❤️1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
❤️2.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
同步训练:1.I broke the glass just now.2.Cats usually eat mice.3.Thousands of people plant many trees every year.4.Students have not cleaned the classroom yet.5.Eric shared his delicious cakes with his friends.6.Mo Yan will write a new book in three years.7.My father played cards on the Internet this morning.8.Workers have built two plastic factories so far .9.He gave me an EnglishEnglish dictionary.【两种】10.He speaks a liitle English and French.11.We saw the teacher enter the classroom happily.12.His jokes made the girl laugh.13.We should take care of the old men well.14.She has run out of her money.15.You must turn off the light before going to bed.参考答案1. The glass was broken just now by me.2. Mice are usually eaten by cats.3.Many trees are planted by thousands of people every year.4.The classroom has not been cleaned yet by students.5.His delicious cakes were shared with his friends by Eric.6.A new book will be written in three years by Mo Yan.7.Cards were played on the Internet by my father this morning.8.Two plastic factories have been built by workers so far.9.(1)I was given an EnglishEnglish dictionary by him.(2)An EnglishEnglish dictionary was given to me by him.10.A little English and French are spoken by him.11.The teacher was seen to enter the classroom happily by us.12.The girl was made to laugh by his jokes.13.The old men should be taken care of well by us.14.Her money has been run out of by her.15.The light must be turned off before going to bed by you.特殊情况被动语态(1)带双宾语的被动语态动词+ sb(间接宾语) +sth(直接宾语)背诵口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to /for 间宾连。
初中英语被动语态复习一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
如:He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。
(主动语态)The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。
(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。
疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,"be+过去分词"部分不变。
如:Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。
(一般过去时)Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)三、主动语态变为被动语态转换图示:1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语:注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。
如:Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom.(2)将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意:They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。
(3)将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。
注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。
He sang a song. →A song was sung by him.2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项:含有双宾语,即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被动语态有两种形式。
但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth. 杰克告诉了我们真相。
We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack.四.被动语态的基本用法1.需要强调动作的承受者时,用被动语态。
Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away.阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。
2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,应使用被动语态。
He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War.他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。
3.当说话人需要强调客观时,用被动语态。
It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃.据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。
特别记住:这一类用法的句型还有:It is believed that... 据信,大家相信It is known that... 众所周知It is supposed that... 大家认为It is suggested that... 据建议,有人建议It must be remembered that... 务必记住It is taken for granted that.…被认为理所当然五、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2.一般过去时(was/ were +done)The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。
My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时,机器正在被修理。
A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5.现在完成时(have/ has been + done)Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止,已经种了二百棵树了。
6.过去完成时(had been+done)They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
六、下列动词(词组)没有被动式:1、系动词无被动语态:以主动形式表示被动之意常见的系动词有:①be动词②……起来(7个):look/seem/appear, feel(感觉,摸起来), sound, smell, tastee.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible.③(逐渐)变得/变成:become, grow, get, turn, come, goe.g. His wish has come true.People often went hungry in the old days.The tree is growing tall.④保持:keep, staye.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.2、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take3、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock,wear等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
○1、An accident was happened yesterday.(×)昨天发生了一起事故。
An accident happened yesterday.○2、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
○3、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
○4、This book sells well.这本书畅销。
○5、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。
○6、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。
○7、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。
○8、The door won’t close/shut. 这门关不上。
○9、The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。
○10、This material wears well (won’t wear). 这种材料耐久(不耐久)七.含有双宾语的句子的被动语态有一些动词如give, buy等,后面常跟两个宾语--直接宾语和间接宾语;通常直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人;指物或指人的宾语都可以作为被动句子的主语。
例如:例:①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book.→I was given a book by her.→A book was given to me by her.②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me.→I was bought a MP3 by my father.→A MP3 was bought for me by my father.将这些带双宾语的动词背下来:1.动词后加to的:give 给show 给……看send 寄bring 带……pass 递给……lend……借给leave 留给……hand…… 交给tell 告诉return 归还write 写给……throw 扔……promise 答应refuse 拒绝……2.动词后加for的:pay 付钱给……,buy 买,sing 给……唱歌,make 制,做,do 做,get 得到注意:所有要求不定式作宾语补足语而不带to的动词,包括感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, look at, listen to及使役动词make, let, have和动词help,在变为被动语态时,还要把to加上例如:I saw him(宾) enter the Room 102(宾补).He was seen(谓语)to enter the Room 102(宾补).我看见他进入102室。
(他被看见进入了102室。
)。