专四词汇语法突击1

专四常考语法点汇总精编W O R D版IBM system office room 【A0816H-A0912AAAHH-GX8Q8-GNTHHJ8】语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句= 主句+从句（1个或1个以上）要点1从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句。

其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

要点2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。

一状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. （2010，55）A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：（一）条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词或结构引导：★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first. Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?（二）让步状语从句：含有“虽然，尽管，即使”之意，主要引导词有：★特别提醒1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了although或though，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but，但是though可以和yet 连用。

英语专四语法复习内容想要通过英语专四考试，就必须掌握英语专四的语法。

那么英语专四的语法有哪些呢?下面由店铺为大家整理的英语专四语法内容，希望大家喜欢!英语专四语法内容一 There be 结构1. There be结构There were very few people left when we got there.There have been many such incidents.Nearby there had been a fight in full progress.也可以是情态动词 +beThere can be very little doubt about his guilt.There may always be instances about which we are uncertain. There ought to / should be some instructions on the lid.还可以是There +情态动词+ be 的完成时There may have been an accident.If the criminal had come this way, there would be / would have been footprints. There should / ought to have been someone on duty all the time.2. There + 半动词+ be，这里很少用完成体形式.There is certain to be trouble at the factory.There is sure / likely to be some rain tonight. There seems / appears to be no doubt about it.3. There be结构也可有被动式，这类there be结构有些可以与there be结构的一般形式相互转换。

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解形容词层迭修饰时的顺序几个属于不同层次的形容词作修饰语时，其词序一般按下列顺序排列：限定词→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或目的的形容词→名词中心词。

例如：the town’s charming old English churcha wellknown German medical schoolthe man’s first two interesting little red French oil paintings 近义词辨析bother, disturb, trouble, worry这组词均含有“不停地烦扰他人或搞得某人心神不宁”的意思。

botherdisturb常用于主动和被动两种形式中。

用于被动时，bother指常受到时有时无的小事的烦扰。

用于主动时，bother的意思比disturb强，带有故意打扰他人的意思。

If you return me the book, I will stop bothering you.你归还我的书后，我就不打扰你了。

disturb用于被动形式时，意思比bother强烈，有时甚至可指精神错乱。

用在主动形式时，意思最弱，指某人无意中打扰他人，这种打扰行为并非存心冲着他人去的。

The man was mentally disturbed.这个人精神错乱了。

trouble和worry主要用于被动，指被某事搞得心神不宁。

trouble比worry稍正式些，指麻烦别人一件事而影响他人舒适、方便、效率、健康或心境的平静等。

May I trouble you for the book?麻烦您把书递给我好吗?worry主要指因对某事的结果没有把握而焦虑不安，还可指某人沉浸在软弱无助的情绪或思虑中。

Worrying about your health can make you sick.经常担心你的健康，会使你生病的。

1. Any steam engine gives us an example of ____ into work.A.heats having turnedB. heats turningC. heats having been turnedD. heat being turned 【句意】蒸汽机是将热转化为能的一个例子。

【难点】heat是不可数名词，是being turned的逻辑主语。

2. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of ______ reality.A. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. that is being conceivedD. what is conceived to be2．【句意】从本质上说，理论是对虚构现实的一种抽象的并具有象征性的展示。

【难点】介词of后应接宾语，B)和C)为定语从句，但无先行词；A)中it为多余，只有D)为名词性从句，可作of的宾语。

3. Not until a monkey is several years old ____ to exhibit signs of independence from its mother. A.it does begin B. when it beginsC. does it beginD. before it begins【句意】猴子要到几岁的时候才能表现出脱离母亲而独立的迹象。

【难点】否定词not用于句首，要用倒装句，即把句子谓语的情态动词或助动词提到主语前面。

4. Television will be used to enable customers to shop from the comfort of their homes by simply ordering via the TV screen, payment ____ by direct debit of their credit cards.A. making itB. is madeC. being madeD. will be made句意】人们将使用电视在家里舒舒服服地购物，可以通过屏幕进行订货，所需支付的款项可直接从信用卡扣除。

英语专业四级语法、词汇知识1．语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。

2．语法考试的重点突出，语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现，如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。

3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况1）虚拟语气的考点为：would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时：It is vital／necessary ／important／urgent／imperative／desirable／advisable／natural／essential＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时：proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；lest＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that ＋would＋动词原形。

2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。

3）独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。

4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。

5）定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。

专业四级考试的词汇部分要求考生能灵活正确运用教学大纲语法结构表一至四级的全部内容，熟练掌握教学大纲词汇表中一至四级规定的5000—6000个认知词汇及其最基本的搭配。

专四语法与词汇01专四语法与词汇（1）1._______ still an undergraduate, Newton discovered the Binomial Theorem in algebra.A. WhileB. BeingC. He wasD. Although2.Of course there _______ a time when most of the free land in America has been taken up.A. had comeB. did cameC. have comeD. did come3.Why are you playing here _______ you should do your homework?A. whileB. whenC. onceD. as4.I shall be _______ pleased _______ go skating with you.A. not … at allB. the most … toC. only too … toD. high … to5.He has been learning English for over two years, _______ he has made little progress.A. and yetB. so thatC. but thenD. but that6.To be frank, I’d rather you _______ in the case.A. were not involvedB. not involvedC. not to be involvedD. will not be involved7.As _______ announced in today’s papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open onSunday.A. beingB. isC. to beD. been8.Ocean minerals renew themselves, _______ land minerals, which are gone forever when they are takenout of the earth.A. whileB. unlikeC. howeverD. like9.Listening, speaking, reading and writing _______ the fundamental order in language learning.A. constituteB. consistC. constitute ofD. consist of10.Very likely you will _______ highly of what I have done.A. disagreeB. disapproveC. discontentD. dissatisfy11.Purchasing power in the countryside has been continually _______.A. risingB. arisingC. raisingD. promoting12.The horse was in a terrible _______ when they found it.A. treatmentB. occasionC. chanceD. condition13.It is already known that vast _______ of minerals exist in the ocean.A. dealsB. numberC. amountsD. quantity14.If the guest _______ the host on the food, it is common for the host to say “Thank you, I’m glad youlike it” in reply.A. flattersB. complimentsC. boastsD. thanks15.Fortunately a very large number of these paintings have been _______, nearly all the best being ownedby the Queen of England.A. servedB. preservedC. reversedD. reserved16.Leonard da Vinci was an all-round genius, whose interests _______ over every subject.A. variedB. rangedC. valuedD. ranked17.In fact he had _______ the mines quite early before he was twenty.A. quitB. stayedC. stoppedD. blocked18.We required canned _______ for the journey.A. provideB. storeC. provisionsD. supply19.The books he read in school made him _______ for more of what was inside other books.A. curiousB. hungryC. queerD. starving20.The Chinese people speak _______ dialects.A. varyingB. difficultC. diverseD. strange21.Save the _______ for the dog.A. set-backB. leftoversC. upkeepD. leftover22.You can go swimming _______ you don’t go too far away.A. in caseB. on condition ofC. providedD. lest23.Mr. Morrison can be very sad _______, though in public he is extremely cheerful.A. by oneselfB. in personC. in privateD. as individual24.It was unwise of him to _______ the unreliable data in his speech.A. refer toB. add toC. keep toD. point to25.Many Europeans _______ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.A. explodedB. expandedC. exposedD. explored26.Most people can’t get _______ the day without at leastone cup of tea or coffee.A. onB. throughC. overD. by27.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder_______ out and three men climbing down it.A. throwingB. being thrownC. having thrownD. having been thrown28.He resented _______ to wait. He expected the minister _______ him at once.A. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing29.The idea of traveling through _______ space to other planets interests many people today.A. aB. theC. /D. one30.The meeting’s been canc elled. Ann _______ all the work.A. need to doB. need haveC. needn’t have doneD. needed not to doKey:1-5 ADBCA 6-10 ABBAB 11-15 ADCBB 16-20 BACBC 21-25 BCCAD 26-30 BDBCC。

1. He came to know that the knowledge from books can be useful only __ it is linked with practice.A. asB. whenC. whileD. for1. B)【句意】他逐渐认识到，书本上的知识只有与实践相结合才能有用。

【难点】as 作连词时，一般意为“正当…时候”。

While作连词时，一般连接的两个动作同时或几乎同时发生。

when意为“当…时候”，前加only是为强调，only when是一习惯组合。

2. Silk, printing, paper, the compass and powder originated in China, and ____ introduction in the west had far reaching effects.A. theseB. theirC. thoseD. its2. B)【句意】丝绸，印刷，纸张，指南针和火药源于中国，它们的引进给西方造成了深远的影响。

【难点】introduction 单数，所以不能用these.5. The problem is believed ____ at the meeting two days ago.A. to have discussedB. to have been discussedC. being discussedD. having been discussed5．B)【句意】这一问题肯定在两天之前的会议上讨论过。

【难点】跟在believe, think，consider 等词后面作主语补足语的成分一般为动词不定式。

6. Ultrasonic sounds produce pulsed signals ____various defects in metal can be detected.A. for whichB. of whichC. as a result of whichD. by means of which 6．D)【句意】超声波能产生脉冲信号，通过这些信号就能检测出金属中的各种缺陷。

1. Color blind people have difficulty ____ between blue and green.A. separatingB. comparingC. contrastingD. distinguishing2. He felt ____ as soon as he realized that he has asked a foolish question.A. boredB. embarrassedC. displeasedD.disappointed3. The city was ____ to me, and I did not know where to go.A. strangeB. oddC. uniqueD. curious4. I’m in no ____ this evening to listen to his silly jokes.A. feelingB. emotionC. moodD. tendency5. The first,second and third prizes went to Bob,Jack and Henry ____ .A. differentlyB. separatelyC. respectivelyD.equally6. These goods do not come up to the ____ .A. markB. signC. tokenD. signal7. We express our thoughts by ____ of words.A. methodB. wayC. mannerD. means8. I hope you will be ____ in future about the things you say.A. carefulB. attentiveC. cautiousD. precautious9. Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may be ____ into giving away vital information.A. caughtB. capturedC. seizedD. trapped10. When operating a machine, we must use ____ .A. warningB. cautionC. adviceD. counsel1．D)【句意】色盲的人很难区分蓝色和绿色。