过去分词作状语
一．过去分词作状语的基本用法：
过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。
1. 原因状语
Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。
Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Frightened by the n oise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2. 时间状语
Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。
Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3. 条件状语
Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。
Watered more, these cabbages could have grown better. 如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。
Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 和你相比，我们还有很大的差距。
4. 方式或伴随状语
Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. 那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。
5. 让步状语
Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of nonviolent resistance. 尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监狱，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。Defeated again, he didn’t lose heart. 尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
Waited by others for over half an hour, he didn’t turn up at the meeting. 尽管别人等了他半个多小时，他还是没有到会。
6.独立成份（插入语）
Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai on Monday evening. 假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
I’d come and see you in New York, given the chance. 如果有机会，我就到纽约来看你。
Generally speaking, people all believe what he has said. 一般说来，人们都相信他所说的。
二．现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
1.逻辑关系
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于：两者与所修饰的主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。
1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。He went out, shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。
2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。Given more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better. 如果多给这个孩子一些鼓励，他本来会表现得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难时，我们必须设法克服。
3）部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的
过去分词及短语常见的有：lost in（陷入某种状态）、seated（坐着的）、hidden（躲着）、stationed（驻扎）、lost/absorbed（沉溺于）、 born in（出身于）、dressed in（穿着）、tired of（厌烦了）等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound. 因为沉溺于思考中，所以他没有听到那个声音。
Born in this beautiful town, he hates to leave it. 出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。
2．时间概念
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示“一种状态”，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。
现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)常和表示次数的短语及时间段(for+一段时间)连用，表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动动作”，这种情况下不能用过去分词替换，其它情况下通
常被过去分词所替换，使句式更简洁。
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
Reading carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
Having finished his homework, he went home. 完成了作业，他就回家了。
Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made. 进行了几次讨论后，终于做出了决定。
注意：一般来说，不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语，还是动词的过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。但是，有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来，成为单独的短语，在句子中作状语。如：
(1) exactly / honestly / frankly / generally speaking, 准确地说不过去/ 老实地说/ 坦率地说/ 一般说来。如：
Exactly speaking, he got here at eight fourteen this morning. 准确地说，今天早晨他是十八点十四分来到这里的。
Generally speaking, a snake won’t attack a man unless it is bothered. 一般说来，蛇是不会攻击人的除非你冒犯了它。
(2) judging from / by... 从/ 根据某东西判断
Judging by his accent, he is from Hunan. 从他的口音来判断，他是湖南人。
Judging from what he said, he is very honest. 从他所说的话来判断，它是很诚实的。
(3) providing / provided …假如/ 如果
Providing he follows our advice, we can help him. 要是他按我们的建议去做，我们就能帮助他。
Provided he is free, he is sure to come. 如果他有空，他肯定会来。
(4) considering... 考虑到
Considering he was just a little boy, we didn’t punish him. 考虑到他还只是一个小孩，我们就没有惩罚他了。
Considering it was late, we didn’t discuss the question. 考虑到时间不早了，我们就没有讨论这个问题了。
(5) thinking of... 想到/ 考虑到
Thinking of the environment we live in, the waste can’t be thrown away around directly. 考虑到我们所生存的环境，废物不能直接到处乱扔。
(6) talking of... 谈到/ 说到
Talking of math, he became excited. 谈到数学，他就兴奋起来了。
此外，还有短语：taking...into consideration 把某事考虑进去；calculating roughly, 粗略地计算；supposing... 假定；to tell you the truth 实话告诉你；to be frank 坦白地说；to begin with 首先要做的是；so to speak 可以这么说；taken as a whole 从整体上来看；put frankly, 坦率地说；given that 鉴于等。
1. __ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Los ing B. Havi ng lost C. Lost D. To lose be lost in ........................................ 2. If __ the same treatment again, he ? s sure to get well. A. Givi ng B. Give C. Give n D. being give n 3. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being foun ded B. It was foun ded C. Foun ded D. Founding It was founded in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. 4. ___ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest oceadoesn? t seem big at all. A. Compare B. Whe n compari ng C. Compari ng D.Whe n compared II. ................................................................ A-D ........................................................ impress; pour; speak(impress -.????]? ? ? 1. Once spoken, a word becomes a promise. 2. Once poured, water cannot be take n back aga in. 3. Impressed by the beautiful sce nery, I forgot to go back home in time. A. ............................ B. ........................... C. .............................................................. III. ..................................................................................... 1. Seen (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us. 2. Given (give) time, he ? 41 make a first class tennis player. 3. Looking (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground. IV. ....................................... 1. Used for a long time, the book looks old( use) 2. Using the book, I find it useful. (use) 3. Following (follow) the old man, we went upstairs. (follow) 4. Followed (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs. (follow) 5. Seen from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. (see ?
过去分词作状语 一．过去分词作状语的基本用法： 过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件；表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前，也可置于主句后，用逗号与主句隔开。 1. 原因状语 Choked by the heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 他被浓烟呛了，几乎不能呼吸了。 Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep in her room. 受到夜晚响声的惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。 2. 时间状语 Left to itself in the room, the baby began to cry.当被孤独地留在房间里时，婴儿哭了起来。 Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 Approached in the dark, the lights looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 3. 条件状语 Seen in this aspect, the matter isn’t as serious as people generally suppose. 如果从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。 Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意，那次事故就能避免了。 Watered more, these cabbages could have grown better. 如果多浇点水，这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。 Compared with you, we still have a long way to go. 和你相比，我们还有很大的差距。 4. 方式或伴随状语 Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。The old man went into the room, supported by his wife. 那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。 5. 让步状语 Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandi created the principle of nonviolent resistance. 尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监狱，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。Defeated again, he didn’t lose heart. 尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时 或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结 果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主 语。如： Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这 个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如： Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办 Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
高考单项选择题中过去分词作状语考题探究与训练 过去分词作状语的用法是高考英语单项选择题的命题热点之一，也是许多考生的丢分点之一。请看近几年来的考题： 【考题探究】 例1 an important role in a new movie,Andy has a chance to become famous. （2011·四川） A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.T o offer 【解析】由句子结构分析，此处应为过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于状语从句As she is offered an important role in a new movie,Andy has a chance to become famous.又因为主语Andy 与分词之间是被动关系，故选C。 例2. ______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. （2011·天津）A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated 【解析】由句子结构分析，此处应为过去分词短语作时间状语，相当于状语从句When it was translated into English , the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 又因为主语the sentence 与分词之间是被动关系,故答案应选B。 例3._____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .（2010陕西） A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. T o see 【解析】由句子结构分析，此处应为现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于状语从句When it is seen from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .
外教一对一https://www.doczj.com/doc/371874850.html, 分词做状语用法总结 一、表时间 Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。 Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。 Asked why he came late, he said that got up late. 当他被问到为什么来晚了时，他说他起床起晚了。 二、表原因 Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。 Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于他病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。 Moved by their speech, I was at a loss what to say. 被他们的发言感动，我不知说什么好。 三、表条件 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 及时吃，这药会很有效的。 Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet. 坐下吧，埃玛。你老站着，只会弄得你更累。 Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. 如从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。 四、表让步 Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。 五、表方式 He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。 I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。 六、表伴随 I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry. 我给了他们一些东西吃，心想他们可能会饿。 They came in, followed by their wives. 他们走了进来，后面跟着他们的妻子。
V-ed分词作状语和短语动词 一．V-ed分词作状语 及物动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成的意义，功能上相当于一个表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步和方式等的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。 1. V-ed分词作时间状语（相当于时间状语从句） ①Born at the beginning of the century, he became president in the early 1940’s. 他出生于世纪之初，到了20世纪40年代初期成为了总统。 ②Seen from the hill, the village looks more beautiful.从山上看去，这个村庄更加漂亮了。可以转换为When it is seen from the hill, the village looks more beautiful. 2. V-ed分词作原因状语（相当于原因状语从句） ①Confused by the stones flying at them from all sides, the boys ran into the building. 孩子们被从四面八方朝他们飞来的石头弄糊涂了，于是他们跑进了那幢大楼里。可以转换为They were confused by the stones flying at them from all sides, so the boys ran into the building. ②Tired and hungry, the little girl sat at the wall corner. 又累又饿，小女孩坐到了墙角处。 ③Discouraged, she decided to leave the city of Beijing. 心灰意冷，她决定离开北京城。 3. V-ed分词作条件状语(相当于条件状语从句) ①Given more time and support, we could have done it better. 如果当时给我们更多的时间和支持，我们会做得更好。可以转换为If we were given more time and support, we could have done it better. ②Put into use as soon as possible, the hotline will do us a great favour. 如果被尽快地投入使用，这条热线将会给我们很大的帮助。 ③Watered once a week, the vegetables will grow better. 一周浇一次水，这些蔬菜会长得更好。 4. V-ed分词作让步状语(相当于although / though引导的让步状语从句) ①Attacked many times, the residents in London didn’t give in. 尽管被攻击了很多次，但伦敦居民并没有屈服。可以转换为Although they were attacked many times, the residents in London didn’t give in. ②Laughed at by other boys, he still continued to complete the task. 尽管遭到其他男孩的嘲笑，他仍然坚持完成了这项任务。 ③Tried again, the experiment still couldn’t give us a satisfying answer. 又尝试了一次，这个实验仍然不能给我们一个满意的结果。 5. V-ed分词作方式或伴随状语（相当于方式状语从句，当表示伴随时，相当于一个并列句） ①Followed by his wolf dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest. 猎人在树林里慢慢行走，狼狗跟在后面。可以转换为The hunter walked slowly in the forest and his wolf dog Followed him. ②The hero sat there telling stories, surrounded by a lot of students. 英雄坐在那儿讲故事，许多孩子围着他。 6. V-ed分词作结果状语（相当于结果状语从句） ①He failed in the competition, blamed by his companions.
现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如：Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。 ②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如：
Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now? 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办? Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
分词做状语详细例句 1时间状语 Seeing from the top of the hill ,we can see the park clearly Seen from the top of the hill ,the park is beautiful Seeing her mother ,the baby stopped crying Seeing the cat ,the moust ran away Seeing from the space, the earth looks green Hearing his father’s voice ,the boy turned off the TV set at once Hearing their teache’s voice, the puiples stopped talking at once Having finished his homework, the boy went to bed ~ Having been shown Tianan’men Square ,the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum Having arrived at the farm ,the set to work immediately Having watered the flowers ,he had a rest When crossing the street ,be careful On hearing the good news ,they all jumped with joy 2 原因状语 Being poor ,he couldn’t afford to buy the car Being a teacher ,she is very kind to her students Being ill ,the boy didn’t go to school this morning Not knowing his address ,I can’t get touch with him > Taken good care of ,the old man is living a happy life Berried deep down in the earth ,the dead forests rotten away and became coal Having lived in the city for many years ,he knows the city very well Having received his letter ,he decided to write back Having been bitten by a snake ,she was frightened at it Having been told to stay in Beijing ,the young man decided not to go back his hometown Not having received a reply ,he decided to write a letter again Caught in a heavy rain ,he was all wet 3伴随状语 The old man often takes a walk ,followed by his dog ] The dog often takes a walk ,following its owner She came in the room ,following her husband She came in the room ,followed bu her husband All night long ,he lay awake ,thinking of the problem He sat in the sofa ,read a newspaper He stood there ,waching the children playing games The six blind men stood there ,begging for meal 4让步状语 Living miles away ,he attended the course
分词作状语用法就是所有分词用法中最重要的,也就是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life、 Being ill, she can't go to work today、 The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping、 1、He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information、 A、hoped B、hoping C、to hope D、hope 2、Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods、 A、seizing; disappeared B、seized; disappeared C、seizing; disappearing D、seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1、现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如:The students standing there are from Class Three、 The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October、 2、现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如:Having finished all the work, they had a good rest、 Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down、 Given more time, we will finish the work in time、 3、现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如:Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying、 Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity、 1、_______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes、 A、Suffered B、Suffering C、Having suffered D、Being suffered 2、Finding her car stolen, _______、 A、a policeman was asked to help B、the area was searched thoroughly C、it was looked for everywhere D、she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son、 When heated,water will be turned into steam、 Deeply moved by the film, we all cried、 Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling、 1._____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city、 A、To see B、Seen C、Seeing D、See 2、_____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated、 A、being founded B、Founded C、It was founded D、Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别 1、分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。
分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。 Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life. Being ill, she can't go to work today. The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping. 1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1. 现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如：The students standing there are from Class Three. The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October. 2. 现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如：Having finished all the work, they had a good rest. Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down. Given more time, we will finish the work in time. 3. 现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如：Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying. Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity. 1. _______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered 2. Finding her car stolen, _______. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son. When heated，water will be turned into steam. Deeply moved by the film, we all cried. Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling. 1．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city. A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. See 2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated. A. being founded B. Founded C. It was founded D. Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别
非谓语动词:过去分词 过去分词(短语)作状语 过去分词表示完成或被动,作状语时,表示动作发生的背景或者情况,在意义上相当于一个状语从句,其省略的主语(逻辑主语)就是主句的主语,且与主语之间存在被动关系。过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式就是将not放在其前面。 一、过去分词作状语时的具体用法: 1)过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句。有时过去分词前可加连词when或 while来强调时间概念、 例:1、Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, his face turned red、 当她被问及发生了什么的时候,她的脸红了。 2、When heated (When it is heated), water changes into steam、当加热时,水变成水蒸气。 3、Told that his mother was ill(When he was told that his mother was illl), Li Lei hurried home quickly、李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家。 4、Seen from the moon(When it is seen from the moon) , the earth looks green、从月亮上 瞧时,地球就是绿色。 2)过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个由as, since, because等词引导的原因状语从句。例:1、Deeply (Because they were) moved by the movie, the children began to cry、由于被电影深深地感动,孩子们哭了起来。 2、Frightened (Because she was frightened) by the horror movie, the girl didn't dare to sleep alone、因为被惊悚电影吓坏了,这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。 3、Caught in a heavy rain (Because he was caught in a、、、), he was all wet、 4、Satisfied with what he did (Because the teacher was satisfied with、、、), the teacher praised him in class、由于老师对她所做的事情很满意,于就是在班上表扬了她。 3)过去分词作条件状语时,通常放在句子的前面,相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。例:1、Compared with you (If we are compared) , we still have a long way to go、
分词作状语用法小结 在高中英语语法中，非谓语动词的学习是一个重点，同是也是一个难点。而其中的分词的用法更是重中之重了，掌握了分词的运用对于我们突破阅读理解中的长句子，以及写作水平的提高都会很有帮助，下面就分词作状语的用法作以下总结。 分词在语法功能上相当于形容词和副词，分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while 或when引出。（一般情况下过去分词不作结果状 的动作同时发生或两者之间时间间隔并不长。例如： I stayed up very late yesterday, preparing my speech on greenhouse. Hearing the good news, the students were wild with joy. He sends me an e-mail, hoping to get further information. Being written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 从所给的例句是我们可以看出，现在分词的一般主动式所表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是我们常说的主动关系，而其一般被动式却表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，也就是我们常说的被动关系。并且现在分词的一般被动式一般作原因状语位于句首，请看以下例句：Being a student, he was interested in books. Being very small, computers are widely used. Being tired, I can’t go on walking. 2. 现在分词的完成式：表示分词的动作在句中谓语动词所表示的动作或 状态之前就已发生。例如： Having done the work, he went home. Having worked in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. Having been deserted by his guide, he could not find his way through the jungle. 从以上例句中我们可以看出，现在分词的完成主动式表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发生。而其完成被动式却表示分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，也是先于谓语动词发生。 3．过去分词：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不强调一定要先于谓语动词之前就已发生。例如： Heated, this kind of wood gives off much smoke. The teacher entered the lab, followed by the students. Given a chance, I can surprise the world. Founded in 1936, Harward is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
分词作状语需要注意的问题: 一. 表示伴随，行为方式 He ran to me, holding a letter in his hand. Accompanied by his friends, he went to the railway station. He scratched his head, wondering how to solve the problem. She came back running. 二．表示时间，相当于when, after 引导的时间状语从句 Seeing this, we became worried. (When we saw this, we became worried.) Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. (After he took a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.) Heated to 100 degree, water boils. (When water is heated to 100 degree, it boils.) 三．表示原因，背景，状况，相当于because引导的状语从句Not having enough hands, we turned to them for help. Born in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. Absorbed in his work, he neglected food and sleep. Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. Having finished the experiment, he left the lab. Having been giving such a good chance, hw could she let it slip away. 四．表示条件和假设，相当于if引导的状语从句 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 五．表示结果 He fell down, striking his head against the ground and hurting it. 六．独立主格形式（分词复合结构或独立结构） 当上述的分词结构中主句的主语不是现在分词的动作发出者或过去分词的动作承受者时，分词有自己的主语 Mother (being) ill, he didn’t go to school. With mother being ill, he didn’t go to school. Cf: Being ill, he didn’t go to school. Weather permitting, we shall go to the city park. Cf: Permitted, we shall go to the city park. The question (being) settled, we wound up the meeting. With the question being settled, we wound up the meeting. He came into the room, his face (being) red with cold. He came into the room, with his face being read with cold.