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专题九名词性从句1．that引导的名词性从句(1)that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。
I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.(that不充当任何句子成分，也无实际意义)我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
(2)that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，常见句型有：①It＋be＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain 等)＋that从句It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam!你们都通过了这次很难的考试真令人高兴！②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)＋that从句It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句It is suggested that the lab building (should) be built next year.有人建议实验楼明年修建。
④It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)＋that从句It appears that they have made the same mistake.好像他们犯了同样的错误。
[名师指津]在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”形式，其中的should可以省略。
①It is necessary/strange/important/natural etc.＋that ...②It is a pity that ...③It is suggested/requested/required/proposed/desired etc. ＋that ...(3)动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
专题九名词性从句(一)语法讲练——过知识关要点一主语从句主语从句中需要注意的2种情况(1)主语从句在复合句中作主语，引导词主要有that，whether，what，who，which，when，where，how，why，whatever，whoever等。
如：Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.它是否对我们有害还有待证实。
(2)形式主语：有时为了避免句子显得“头重脚轻”，可用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。
如：It's a pity that he didn't come.很遗憾他没来。
[热点即训]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2017·江苏卷改编)________ is known to us all is that Wang Meng got three gold medals in Vancouver Winter Olympics.[解析] 考查主语从句。
what在主语从句中作is的主语。
[答案] What2．(2017·北京卷改编)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.[解析] 句意：“我想告诉你的是我深爱我的父母并很尊重他们。
”名词性从句的连词选用规则是：根据意思，缺什么就填什么，什么都不缺就填that。
我们必须特别关注what 所引导的名词性从句，what引导名词性从句时，必须在句中担当主、宾、表等成分，意思是“……的事或东西”，一般也不能用逗号和主句分割开来，插入语除外。
[答案] What3．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ改编)It has been proved ________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.[解析] 此句为主语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，句意完整，故用that引导。
名词性从句(外研版) 含答案解析一、初中英语名词性从句1．________ the weather will not clear up until next week is bad news for us.A. AsB. IfC. WhetherD. That【答案】 D【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。
句意：直到下周天气才放晴，这对我们来说是坏消息。
此处是that引导的主语从句，that无实义，只其引导作用，故答案为D。
【点评】主语从句属于名词性从句，在名词性从句中，that无实义，只起连接作用，不做句子成分；if/whether起连接作用，不做句子成分，有实义“是否”。
做题时注意看从句是否少成分。
2．It was he said disappointed me.A. that; whatB. what; thatC. that; whichD. which; that【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：正是他说的话让我很失望。
这是一个强调句型,"it is/was that..."是固定搭配,"what he said"是被强调部分, 你可以发现去掉"it was that"后, 句子仍然完整。
"what he said"做主语,主语从句中"said"缺宾语用what补足，故选B。
【点评】考查主语从句的强调形式。
3．_______ caused the accident has not been found out yet.A. WhatB. WhichC. The thingD. That【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：造成事故的原因还没有查明。
此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应该用what引导，故答案为A。
【点评】考查主语从句。
以及what的含义。
4．_______is known to us all is that Johnson broke his promise ______ he would come to help me as soon as possible.A. It; thatB. What; thatC. As; whichD. What; which【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：我们都知道，Johnson违背了他会尽快来帮助我的诺言。
句子的种类和句子成分专题一、句子成分的概念句子是由各个组成部分构成的，这些组成的部分称之为句子的成分。
总体来说，一个完整的句子必须包含“主语+谓语”两个部分，这是一个句子的核心成分。
除此之外，句子成分还有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语、独立成分等。
例：1、The little eagle grew up. 小鹰长大了。
（主语）（谓语）2、The People’s Republic of China was born in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
（主语）（谓语）（时间状语）3、I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 我昨天在车站遇到了我最好的朋友汤姆。
主谓宾同位语状语二、句子的种类句子可大致分为：简单句、并列句、复合句三类。
1、简单句：只含有一套主谓结构的句子称为简单句，简单句只有一个谓语。
例：1）I went to Japan last year. 我去年去了日本。
2）These boys are playing basketball. 这些孩子正在打篮球。
2、并列句：含有两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成的句子，称之为并列句，这些简单句之间一般由并列连词或分号连接，且地位平等。
例：1）His brother is a doctor and his sister is a singer. 他哥哥是一名医生，他姐姐是一名歌手。
2）I hoped to study abroad, but fate had decided other wise. 我本来希望出国留学，但天意弄人难如愿。
3）Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想和他商量，他也不会来征求我的意见。
【常见的并列连接词】and; but; or; yet; for; so; and so; while; whereas; as well as; rather than; not only…but also; either….or; neither….nor3、复合句：也称为主从复合句，指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
2020 年高考英语真题/模拟题+答案+解析（名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句）一、2020 年高考真题1、（2020 天津高考真题）The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph hadsaid.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. where【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。
句意：为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。
_________ Professor Joseph had said 作make 的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said 的宾语，表示”..所说的话”，因此应用what 引导该从句。
故选B。
2、（2020 新课标Ⅲ卷高考真题）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。
此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。
故填whose。
3、（2020 江苏高考真题）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.A.whoseB. whichC. whenD. whom【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。
此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from 的宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导。
故选B。
4、（2020 江苏高考真题）It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.A. whetherB. whyC. whenD. where【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句。
课时提能练(九)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·广州检测)At first sight，Alma Deutscher，a thirteen-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical preteen.She loves to skip rope，read and play with her younger sister.But this modest youngster，who composed her first musical work at age six，first short opera at age seven，and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten，is anything but average.Though her parents downplay her extraordinary talent，young Alma is being described as“little Mozart”by the music world.Alma's operatic take on the classic fairy tale，which she began writing at age eight，has a slight twist.Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song.“In my Cinderella，she sings the beginning of a ballad—but at midnight she flees.Eventually，the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”The opera was first performed in Vienna，Austria on December 29,2016，where the eleven-year-old girl skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews.The young genius has since performed two new piano works，once in Australia and the other in China.While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young，Alma is not worried.She says，“Of course I have to work hard.But all children have to work hard for exams，and at least when I work hard，I work hard for something incredibly exciting，like seeing my whole opera put on.”Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk.Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler，she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme T w inkle T w inkle Little Star.However，Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012，after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart.The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star，dubbed“little Mozart”．This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl.They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”．Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either，saying“There was only one Mozart，and I prefer to be little Alma.”Regardless of what she calls herself，the thirteen-year-old is changing the world of music forever!【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。
专题九名词性从句1．that引导的名词性从句(1)that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。
I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.(that不充当任何句子成分，也无实际意义)我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
(2)that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，常见句型有：①It＋be＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam!你们都通过了这次很难的考试真令人高兴！②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)＋that从句It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句It is suggested that the lab building (should) be built next year.有人建议实验楼明年修建。
④It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)＋that从句It appears that they have made the same mistake.好像他们犯了同样的错误。
[名师指津]在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”形式，其中的should可以省略。
①It is necessary/strange/important/natural etc.＋that ...②It is a pity that ...③It is suggested/requested/required/proposed/desired etc. ＋that ...(3)动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是很有必要的。
2．whether与if 引导的名词性从句(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主语。
Whether it is true remains a question.这是否是真的依然是个问题。
It is unknown if he will attend the meeting.他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。
(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether，用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。
We don't know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否准备好了。
I'm interested in whether you've finished the work.我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。
(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if则不可以。
The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是它是否值得做。
The question whether the work was worth doing has not been decided.这项工作是否值得做的问题还没有确定。
1．连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等不但起连接作用，也在从句中作名词或代词所作的成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
缺少连接代词，从句不完整。
What worries us most is who let out the secret.最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。
2．连接副词引导的名词性从句连接副词when, where, why, how等不但起连接作用，也在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式等。
He didn't tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。
Go and get your coat. It's where you left it.去把你的大衣拿来。
就在你原来放的地方。
I have no idea how I can express myself clearly in English.我不知道如何用英语清楚地表达自己。
That's why I want you to work there.那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的名词性从句“疑问词＋-ever”引导名词性从句时，有词意，并且在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。
Wherever children go makes their parents worry.孩子们无论去哪儿父母都担心。
[名师指津]“疑问词＋-ever”还可以引导让步状语从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能用来引导名词性从句。
Whatever (＝No matter what) you do, you must do it well.无论你做什么，都必须做好。
[命题点感悟]单句语法填空①(2018·浙江11月高考)It is possible ________ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too.解析：that it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。
②(2017·天津高考改编)She asked me________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.解析：whether/if句意：她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认说我还没有还。
分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用；又根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故用whether或if引导宾语从句。
③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to ________ I live.解析：where分析句子结构可知，介词to之后为宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
④(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.解析：how分析句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句。
空格后的thick为形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填how。
⑤(2014·广东高考)I didn't understand ________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.解析：why根据语境可知，“我”不知道/不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。
不明白的一定是原因，故用why引导。
1．that和what的区别that引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词＋关系代词”，即常说的“先行词＋that/which/who”。
It's a shame that he has made such a mistake.真遗憾，他犯了这样一个错误。
I will do what I can (do) to help him.我将尽我所能帮助他。
2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别判断是定语从句还是同位语从句可以用“加词”的方法，即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词，如果句子意思成立，则是同位语从句，否则，则是定语从句。
试比较：①The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(同位语从句)→The notice was that the meeting had to be put off.②The notice that he read just now was true.(定语从句)[专题过关训练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．And it evaluates how well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks.2．Now, he is still waiting to find out whether/if he has broken the record.3．He promised to give a great reward to whoever_ found the watch.4．“That's exactly what_ I need，”Mr. Vincent said to himself.5．Think about what you want in the coming year, then ask yourself why you want that.6．Another possible reason is that on average, the British people don't take themselves too seriously.7．What he did know was that he was very thankful for the opportunity given to him.8．The two presidents talked by telephone on Friday, but the details of what they said were not available.9．Reading exposes you to new words, and you will see how those words are used.10．The third reason is that some students have to get up early on weekdays to get to school far away from home.11．Some students prefer to choose a major first so they can learn what they are interested in.12．If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.13．I'd like to know how the activity is scheduled in detail.14．With such a pen pal, I hope I can share with her my experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common.15．(2019·云南昆明一中模拟)What made Mr. Green surprised was that it was just his daughter, who wore a suit of man's clothes.Ⅱ.运用语法写靓句1．许多学生的成功是因为他们为考试做了充分的准备。
