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现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词用作状语（九类）现在分词作状语时，可以表示谓语动作的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、目的、程度和结果。
比如:(1) 作时间状语Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会，她立刻抓住。
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Passing the place, my sense of oppression increased. 经过那地方，我的压抑感便越发厉害。
(2) 作原因状语Being well taken care of, she recoveredquickly.() 她受到很好的照顾，身体恢复得很快。
Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors. 因为写得仓促，她没有注意其中的拼写错误。
Stepping carelessly off the pazement, he was knocked down by the bus. 他不小心离开了人行道，被公共汽车撞倒了。
(3) 作条件状语Being advised to talk less, Mary keeps silent while we talk. 要是叫她少说点，当我们说话的时候，玛丽就会保持沉默。
It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用半小时才能到车站。
Being defeated in every battle, the enemy will soon surrender. 要是敌人每场战斗都被打败，那他们就会投降。
现在分词短语作状语要点总结现在分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步或补充说明等不同含义。
Coming into the room, he found the books. 他一进屋就找到了书。
（时间）Being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. 因为病了，他没有参加会议。
（原因）Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力就会成功。
（条件）The girls went out of the room, laughing and talking, 姑娘们又说又笑地走出房间。
（伴随）He came here running. 他跑着来到这里。
（方式）At he age of three, his mother died, leaving him an orphan. 他三岁时丧母，成了孤儿。
（结果）She went away, walking south. 她离开了，向南方走去。
（补充说明）由以上例句可以看出，分词短语作状语时，若表示时间、条件或原因，通常要放在句首；表示伴随（也可放在句首）、方式、结果或补充说明的分词短语，通常要放在句尾。
现在分词作状语时要注意以下六个要点：1. 现在分词可以与when, while, if ,though等连词一起使用，使状语意义更加明确。
如：Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路要当心。
If falling ill, I’ll stay home taking a good rest. 如果生了病，我要在家好好休息。
Though not understanding French, they had a very good time in Paris this summer. 虽然他们不懂法语，但是，今年夏天他们在巴黎过得很愉快。
2. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常应与句子主语保持一致，也就是说句子的主语应是现在分词动作的执行者。
doing sth 作状语的分类☆一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
如：▲doing sth.作时间状语：﹡Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.﹡Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.﹡(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.= When he heard the news, he got frightened.﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.﹡Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.﹡Having received his letter, I decided to write back.▲doing sth.作原因状语：Being a teacher，you should help your students in every way.Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.▲doing sth.作结果状语：﹡There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.making it difficult to travel from place to place 是结果状语。
语法一：现在分词做状语现在分词（动词的ing 形式）做状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，且必须与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系；动词的ing形式表示的动作是次要动作。
现在分词可以做时间，条件，结果，让步，方式等状语。
相当于相应的状语从句。
作时间，原因或条件时，通常位于主句前面，作方式，伴随或结果状语时，通常位于主句后面。
如果分词所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，用现在分词的一般式。
如果分词动作明显在谓语动词之前发生，用现在分词的完成式。
（having done）,在作时间状语的分词前，可加连词while, when，介词after, before, on等。
一. 做伴随状语：分词等于and连接两个动词或分句。
1：The dog came in. It followed its master. =The dog came in, following its master.2：The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.3：They stood there for an hour, watching the game.二.原因状语相当于as, since, because等引起的原因状语从句，常位于句首,句中或句末。
1. He was a brave man. He decided to return to France. = Being a brave man, he decided to return to France.2：Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.3：No t knowing her address, we couldn‟t get in touch with her.4：Being so poor in those days, we couldn‟t afford to send the boy to hospital.5．Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.6. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.三.时间状语，相当于when, while ,as 等引导的时间状语从句，常位于句首或句末。
高中英语知识点归纳分词作状语的常见形式分词作状语指的是分词在句子中修饰主句动词，起到状语的作用。
在高中英语中，学习分词作状语是一个重要的语法知识点。
下面将介绍分词作状语的常见形式。
一、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语表示的动作与主句动作同时进行。
1. 表示伴随状况例如：- She entered the room, smiling.她一边走进房间，一边微笑着。
- The girl sat on the bench, reading a book.那个女孩坐在长凳上，一边读书。
2. 表示原因状况例如：- Being tired, he went to bed early.因为疲倦，他早早上床睡觉了。
- The weather being bad, they stayed at home.由于天气不好，他们呆在家里。
3. 表示条件状况例如：- I will go to the park, weather permitting.天气允许的话，我会去公园。
- We went out, the rain having stopped.雨停了，我们出去了。
4. 表示方式、手段状况例如：- He ran to the bus stop, hoping to catch the bus.他跑到公交车站，希望能赶上公交车。
- The boy solved the math problem, using the formula he had learned.这个男孩用他学过的公式解了这个数学问题。
二、过去分词作状语过去分词作状语表示的动作发生在主句动作之前。
1. 表示时间状况例如：- Having finished his homework, he went out to play.他完成了作业后，出去玩了。
- We arrived at the airport, having missed the flight.我们到达机场时，航班已经错过了。
谓语动词：有提示词，句子缺谓语(与主语构成主谓结构)1.1 ______ (tell) by my classmates about that.2. My mother ofte n ________ (stop) me from watch ing TV.时态语态变化,及主谓一致非谓语动词(主动---doi ng, 被动---do ne, 目的/结果/将要to do ,)1. We must also con sider the react ion of the pers on ___ (receive) the gift.2. My pupils, Tom ________ (in clude), liked her.1. He en tered, _____ (hold) a book in his hand.2. He en tered the room and ____ (hold) a book in his hand.3. I politely refused her in vitatio n and (walk) away.4. I politely refused her in vitatio n, (walk) away.两个动词是同时发生的时候主语+谓语1 + and / but + 谓语2主语+谓语，+非谓语1. When he ________ (come) in, I was readi ng a book.2. Uni ess I ______ (in vite), I won 'atte nd he party.3. When _____ (hear) the n ews, I was excited.4. Uni ess __ (in vite), I won 'atte nd he party.---When/ if / unless / /After/Before 等连词后没有主语 + 非谓语(---ing /---ed ), 主句---Whe n / if / un less / /After /Before 等连词 + 主语 + 谓语，主句1. A boy _______ ( call ) Jack came here today2. A boy who ________ ( call ) Jack came here today3. We enjoy the movie ________ (direct) by a world famous artist.4. We enjoy the movie which ________ (direct) by the world famous artist.名词后没关系词时+非谓语，非谓语动词修饰前面的名词做定语名词后有关系词时+谓语，做定语从句中的谓语1. You can 'catch me! ” Janet shouted, _______ (run) away.2. He said tha nks and __ (smile) a row of teeth.3. When first ___________ (in troduce) to the market, these products enjoyed greatsuccess.4. When he _______ ( arrive ) at the corner , he met his friend.5. ________ ( sleep ) late, he turned off the alarm clock.6. Don 'tuse words, expressi ons, or phrases ___ (know) only to people withspecific kno wledge.[例 1] I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man18 _ (sit) at the fro nt. ( 2011 广东卷)[例 2] He spit it out, __37 (say) it was awful. ( 2010 广东卷)[例 3]The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ____________ t hat we mayn eed a n ati on wide campaig n to raise aware ness of the risks of smok ing.A. suggestB. suggestsC. suggestedD.suggest ingturn1. If you ___ to the left, you'll find the post office.2. ____ to the left, and you'll find the post office.3. to the left , you'll find the post office .[例 4] She wished that he wasas easy 32 _____ (please)as her mother ,who was alwaysdelighted with perfume . (2009 广东卷)see(1)_______ from the top of the hill, our house looks like a car.(2)_______ the dog come over, our friend ran away.(3) _______ from the top of a hill, and you ' II find the city more beautiful.(4) _______ more clearly, they came up and got close to it.1. When _____________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.2. _________ with other top stude nts, you are better.discuss(1) ___________________________ The question now at the meeting is very important.(2) ___________________ The question at the meeting last week is very important.(3) _____________________________ The questi on at the meeti ng n ext week is very importa nt.1. ____ many times, but he still could n't understand it.2. ____ many times, he still could n't un dersta nd it.A. Havi ng bee n toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. To be told1. He is the best one ____ (do) the job.2. He was con sidered the first man ______________ (invent) the teleph one.动词不定式的动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生用to have done1. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (lose)2. ___ of_play ing football, he went back to the classroom. (tire)3. ___ with_difficulty, he rushed forward bravely. (face)有些过去分词源于系表结果，分词已经形容词化，相当于形容词be lost in; be interested in; be tired of; be satisfied with ; be excited about;be faced with; be dressed in ； be seated1. He hurried to the booking office ， only ______________ (tell) that all the ticketshad bee n sold out.to do表示结果一表示出人预料的情况或结果，常用only强调。
2. Europea n football is played in 80 coun tries, _____ (make) it the mostpopular sport in the world.分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果。
His father died last year, (leave)_him_a _l arge fortune.1. The flowers sweet in the garde n attract the visitors to the beauty of n ature.A. to smellB. smelli ngC. smeltD. to be smelt"闻起来很香”用来作定语修饰主语flowers 。
感官动词没有被动。
v-ing 作状语的分类☆一般来说，v-ing 形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。
☆ -ing 形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
▲ doing sth. 作时间状语：* _____ (see) my parents waving in the crowd , I went running to them. * _____ (cross) the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.=Whe n he _____ (cross)_the road, the old man was kno cked over by a car.* When _______ (hear)_the news, he got frightened.=When he (hear) the n ews, he got frighte ned.* Having eaten his dinner, the boy (rush)_out. __* _____ (hear)_their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.* ________ (not _______ receive) his letter, I decided to write another letter. ▲ doing sth. 作原因状语：,you should help your students in every way. 'afford a TV set. ) her address, I can't write to her._______ (live) with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. (eat) too much, he couldn _ 'tgo to sleep.▲ doing sth. 作结果状语：* There is mud and water everywhere, (make)_it_difficult to travel fromplace to place.现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性(自然结果)。
