2019-2020年福建省福州市质检一：福州市2019届高三第一次质量检测语文试题-附详细答案

福建省福州市2019-2020学年高三上学期期末语文质量检测试题第I卷（选择题)请点击修改第I卷的文字说明一、选择题阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

“中国女排，世界第一！中国女排，世界第一！”天安门广场上瞬间响起了_______的口号。

在“祖国万岁”彩车上，站着一排特殊的中华儿女，她们就是中国女排的成员们！郎平、赖亚文、朱婷、张常宁、袁心玥等教练和女排队员在彩车上一字排开，向大家挥手_______。

她们是刚刚从在日本举行的女排世界杯_______的英雄，她们用十一连胜夺取第十冠，用“升国旗，奏国歌”来向祖国献礼。

她们穿着红色半袖，黑色长裤，手持鲜花，向祖国敬礼。

中国女排是一支伟大而光荣的团体，她们崛起于上世纪80年代改革开放初期，曾经用世界大赛五连冠_______了一个神话，也凝聚了一股力量叫“女排精神”。

郎平主教练表示：穿上代表中国的比赛服，每一场比赛都要全力争胜，就是要“升国旗，奏国歌”。

这一次，中国女排超额完成了任务，用最完美的战绩向祖国献礼。

据统计数据显示，9月29日，在结束的日本2019女排世界杯赛上，中国女排已第十次获得“世界三大赛”冠军。

1．依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是A．震耳欲聋示意衣锦还乡缔造B．震聋发聩致意衣锦还乡缔结C．震耳欲聋致意载誉归来缔造D．震聋发聩示意载誉归来缔结2．下列各句中的引号和文中“女排精神”的引号，作用相同的一项是A．保障数据安全，应首先给数据的掌控者套上“紧箍咒”。

B．各级共青团组织大力开展“希望工程”等帮困助学活动。

C．他们“聪明”得失去了人们交往中最可宝贵的友爱精神。

D．为了提高运动成绩，他说每次体能训练都“练到腿软”。

3．文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是A．据统计数据显示，9月29日，在日本结束的2019女排世界杯赛上，中国女排已第十次获得“世界三大赛”冠军。

B．据统计数据，9月29日，在结束的日本2019女排世界杯赛上，中国女排已获得第十次“世界三大赛”冠军。

2019—2020 学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测地理试卷（完卷时间：90 分钟；满分：100 分）第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共22 小题，共44 分）一、选择题：本卷共22小题，每小题2分，共44 分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

近年我国生活垃圾产生量迅速增长，环境隐患日益突出。

主动参与生活垃圾分类，共建绿色、美好家园，是每一位公民义不容辞的责任。

图1示意生活垃圾不同处理方案的工作流程。

据此完成第1-2 题。

1. 各类垃圾与处理方案匹配正确的是2. 有利于缓解我国现阶段制造业原材料短缺的方案是3-5 题。

A. 塑料纸张——方案①B. 废旧电池——方案②C. 尘土烟蒂——方案③D. 剩菜剩饭——方案④A. 方案①B. 方案②C.方案③D. 方案④水是影响村落空间分布的重要因素。

我国某村落始建于明清时期，大部分建筑材料取自村落附近，村中数条引水渠贯穿村巷（如图 2 所示）。

图3 示意该村落空间分布。

据此完成图1图3图23. 该村落修建引水渠的主要目的是A. 提供饮食用水B. 提供洗涤用水C. 排放生活污水D. 灌溉农田菜园4. 该村落建筑外墙基部大量使用砖石，其主要作用是A.保温隔热B.防震减灾C.防雪防雹D.防潮防蛀5. 该村落最有可能位于A. 东南丘陵B.长江三角洲C.华北平原D.长白山区常住人口城镇化率与户籍人口城镇化率的差值可以反映城市经济发展和人口迁移相关特征。

近几年我国逐渐放松城市落户限制，对城乡协调发展起了重要作用。

图4示意我国常住人口和户籍人口城镇化率变化情况（数据来源: 《中国统计年鉴》）。

据此完成6-8 题。

6. 自2003 年以来，我国常住人口城镇化率与户籍人口城镇化率的差值总体变化特征为A. 持续增大B. 持续减小C. 先增后减D.7. 目前影响我国常住人口城镇化率变化的最主要因素是A. 教育资源B. 就业机会C. 医疗资源D.8. 城市户籍制度改革将有利于先减后增交通状况A. 推进农业规模化发展B.C. 延缓全国人口老龄化D.扩大城市环境容量促进人口自然增长苹果是落叶乔木，树冠高大，树高可达15 米。

2019-2020年福建省福州市质检一：福州市2019届高三第一次质量检测英语试题-附详细答案
见微知著，闻弦歌而知雅意
2019-2020届备考
福建省福州市2019届高三第一次质量检测
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What makes the girl study harder?
A. To get a toy.
B. To be a model.
C. To buy a car.
2. What does the man intend to do?
A. Stop to ask for directions.
B. Drive to the tall building.
C. Take down the address.
3. Which skirt does the woman prefer?
A. The yellow one.
B. The white one.。

2019—2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is Mary's attitude toward her own decision?A. Firm.B. Ambiguous.C. Surprised.2. Which train will the woman take?A. The 6:15 one.B. The 6:45 one.C. The 8:15 one.3. What will the boy clean?A. The window.B. The bottle.C. The car.4. Where is the post office?A. Behind the park.B. On the left of the hotel.C. Across from the tourist information center.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The girl’s classmate.B. Ann’s character.C. Nick’s trousers.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How does the woman feel at first?A. Fairly relaxed.B. Quite confident.C. A bit worried.7. What will the speakers do tonight?A. Give out invitations.B. Make more food.C. Throw a party.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2019年福州市高中毕业班质量检测语文试卷第I卷（阅读题共70分）一、现代文阅读(36分）(—)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

数千年来，中国画历经发端、童稚、成熟、升华的漫长路程，由实用而艺术化，形成了独特的话语体系和呈现方式。

一幅优秀的中国画，常能以“若坐、若行、若飞、若动”的点线皴檫、风姿绰约的笔情墨象、“似”与“不似”的意态呈现、冲淡玄远或冲突涌动的静谧视觉，形成强大的情感张力；足令观赏者衣带渐宽终不悔地展玩不已的，正是画作中种种对抗而平衡的巨大张力所予人的艺术审美愉悦。

欣赏中国画，其要在意象、在技法、在韵致、在境界，其法在观物、在游心、在体道、在畅神。

须紧扣意象和技法这两大介质，从物我、情景、形神、体道等意象归纳和线条、形态、色彩、构图等技法剖析两途,层层倒逼，以迫近画作的风神和特质；透过画作的物化形态，体悟主导其意象创构和技法表现的思维方式和审美内核，即生命、节律、体势、气韵等主体价值,品味出画作的境界涵养之美。

然而，就艺术而论，画作赏鉴或品评优劣，首在是否能令观者产生共鸣、打动其心,是否能使其从中捕捉并直通画家所欲传达的观念、思想、情绪，是否能令观者从中获得启迪与教益，而非“似”与“不似”。

故赏画之先，观赏者必须知晓浸润、孕育中国画的中国文化的特质。

这是欣赏中国画的出发点、落脚点和重大关窍。

若以人物、山水、花鸟画类分而论之，则人物画所重之“传神”，即借由描摹直观可视的人物表情、眼神、形体语言、肢体动作、背景布局等,表现人物丰富多彩的内心世界,求取以形写神之功；山水画所推崇的“诗情画意”，即借由描摹山式、云雾的雄壮或秀美、粗犷或冷峻、俊逸或萧散之多元样态，力求景中寓情、情随景生、情景交融、物我合一的意境独造，亦即以高、平、深“三远”的画面结构之法，与“计白当黑”的虚实处理之法，将大自然的美与文人逸趣紧密糅合；花鸟画所言之“石分三面”，实指阴阳两面与别开生面等的“道”和“理”，其中深蕴着“三生万物”的生命哲理。

2019-2020学年福州市第一中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATop Four Places to Visit in and aroundBaliUbudUbud is pretty away from the beaches. It is considered the cultural center of Bali, where you will discover the art and spirit ofBaliand learn about Balinese religion through paintings, dance, and other art forms. You could drink a beer while watching a local band perform, but most people come here for the cultural appreciation.Nusa LembonganThis tiny island off the coast of Bali is where many people miss their journey plans, but it is a must-see, It is the perfect place to stay for a couple of nights, The roads are not good, but the island itself is so beautiful and quiet.SanurSanur is an especially relaxing beach town. It's close to the airport and Kuta. It's also the starting place to explore Nusa Lembongan.KutaThebeachofKutais great for surfing. It is crowded and you won't get far without someone trying to get you to rent a surfboard or buy something. The main town is a mixture of market stands and shopping malls containing the biggest brands, from Zara to Ralph Lauren. The familiarity of the western style shops and restaurants won't give anyone too much of a culture shock.1. Which place are you probably advised to experience Balinese culture?A. Nusa Lembongan.B. Sanur.C. Ubud.D. Kuta.2. What is special about Kuta?A. It is a beach town near the airport.B. It has a convenient transportation means on it.C. It is a shopping center and famous for surfing.D. It is a place where you can learn Balinese history.3. Where is the text probably taken from?A. An official document.B. A travel magazine.C. A science report.D. A history book.BIf you ever find yourself trapped in the wilderness without food, you'llhave to figure out how to feed yourself. Many plants in the wild areedible, but many are also poisonous. So it is necessary to learn how to determine whether the plants you find can be eaten safely.Avoid using this method without careful planning. Some plants can be deadly, and even if you follow these guidelines perfectly, there is always a chance that a plant will make you seriously ill. Prepare yourself for wilderness outings by learning about the local plants, and carry a guidebook to help you identify plants. Even if you are unprepared and cannot find food you know to be safe, remember that, depending on your activity level, the human body can go for days without food, and you’re better off being hungry than being poisoned.Testing the plant in your mouth is dangerous, so go forward very slowly and carefully. First, hold a small portion of the prepared plant part against your lip for 3 minutes. Do not put the plant in your mouth. If you notice any burning, tingling (刺痛), or other reactions, discontinue testing. Second, place another small portion of the plant part on your tongue. Hold the plant on your tongue without chewing for 15 minutes. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Third, chew the plant and holdit in your mouth for 15 minutes. Chew the plant well, and do not swallow. Discontinue testing if you notice any reaction. Fourth, swallow the small portion of the plant. Wait 8 hours. Do not eat or drink anything during this period except purified water. If you feel sick, immediately throw up what you eat and drink plenty of water. If activated charcoal (活性炭) is available, take that with the water.4. What’s the meaning of the underlined world “edible” in paragraph 1?A. Suitable for using as food.B. Widely spread.C. Existing in large quantities.D. Not widely known.5. What can we know from paragraph 2?A. Planning is unnecessary when using the method.B. Not all plants in the wild can serve as food generally.C. Suffering hunger can be more dangerous than testing plants.D. Following the method perfectly can ensure safety.6. Which is the correct order of testing plants in the mouth?① wait and see ② chew it in the mouth③ put it on the tongue④ put it against lips ⑤ swallow itA. ③④②①⑤B. ④③②①⑤C. ③④②⑤①D.④③②⑤①7. Where might the passage come from?A. A student’s diary.B. A science report.C. A guide book for camping.D. A doctor’ s notebook.CWe use what is known as inner speech, where we talk to ourselves, to evaluate situations and make decisions. Now, a robot has been trained to speak aloud its inner decision-making process, giving us a view of how it responds to contradictory demands.Arianna Pipitone and Antonio Chella at the University of Palermo, Italy, programmed a humanoid robot named Pepper, with software that models human cognitive(认知的)processes, which allowed Pepper to retrieve (检索)relevant information from its memory and find the correct way to act based on human commands, as well as a text — to — speech processor. It allowed Pepper to voice its decision-making process while completing a task, "With inner speech, we can better understand what the robot wants to do and what its plan is," says Chella.The researchers asked Pepper to set a dinner table according to etiquette (礼仪)rules they had programmed into the robot. Inner speech was either enabled or disabled to see how it affected Pepper's ability to do what was instructed.When instructed to place a napkin on a fork with its inner speech enabled, Pepper asked itself what the etiquette required and concluded that this request went against the rules it had been given. It then asked the researchers if putting the napkin on the fork was the correct action. When told it was, Pepper said, "OK, I prefer to follow your desire," and explained how it was going to place the napkin on the fork.When asked to do the same task with inner speech disabled, Pepper knew this contradicted etiquette rules, so it didn't perform the task or explain why.With the potential for robots to become more common in the future, this type of programming could help the public understand their abilities and limitations, says Sarah Sebo at theUniversityofChicago. "It maintains people's trust and enables cooperation and interactions between humans and robots," she says. However, this experiment only used a single human participant, says Sebo. "It's unclear how their approach would compare across a wide range of human participants," she says.8. Why does the author mention how people make decisions in the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic.B. To make comparisons.C. To provide an example.D. To support his argument.9. How did Pepper react to the contradictory instruction with its inner speech enabled?A. It failed to complete the task.B. It followed the etiquette rules.C. It made a random decision.D. It communicated with the researchers.10. What did Sarah Sebo think of the research?A. It was creative but worthless.B. It was a good try but the result was a failure.C. It was inspiring but needed further evidence.D. It was carefully designed but poorly performed.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Robot Taught To Be PoliteB. Robot Can Explain Its DecisionC. Robot Making Decisions: No Longer A DreamD. Robot-Human Communication: No Longer A ProblemDAn anti-obesity program for Australian girls didn’t lead to any improvements in their diet, physical activities or body weight a year later, according to a new report.Findings from the school-based intervention (介入), which involved exercise sessions and nutrition workshops for lower-income girls, are the latest disappointment in a lot of research attempting tohead offadult obesity and the disease risks that come with it.Especially during the middle-and high-school years, girls’ physical activity reduces obviously, according to lead researcher David Lubans, from theUniversityofNewcastleinNew South Wales,Australia. He said, “In the future we need to make the programs more interesting and exciting and present information in a way that is meaningful to adolescent girl.”Lubans and his workmates conducted their study in 12 schools in low-income areas ofNew South Wales. At the start of the study, girls in both groups weighed an average of close to 130pounds, with about four in tenconsidered overweight. Over the next year, adolescents in the intervention group were given pedometers (计步器) to encourage walking and running and invited to nutrition workshops and regular exercise sessions during the schoolday and at lunchtime. Participation in some of those activities were less than ideal. For example, the girls went to only one-quarter of lunchtime exercise sessions, and less than one in ten completed at-home physical activity or nutrition challenges, the researchers reported. At the end of the year, girls in both groups had gained a similar amount of weight and there was no difference in their average body fat.Preventive medicine researcher Robert Klesges said that although some anti-obesity programs have helped adults lose weight, the teen population has always been a source of failure for researchers. “The common belief is: nothing works,” he said. “And we have got to get beyond that.”“We need to think outside the box,” said Klesges, who wasn’t involved in the new study. “That could include learning from what has worked in adult studies, such as giving meal replacement drinks or prepared foods to teens who have trouble making changes to their diet. Or, it could mean using a “step-care” method — rather than researchers or their doctor telling them to keep doing the same thing.” Klesges said.12. The underlined words “head off” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”.A. damageB. defendC. preventD. affect13. The methods used in the program to stop obesity don’t include ________.A. walking and runningB. inviting them to nutrition workshopsC. joining exercise sessions regularlyD. giving meal replacement drinks14. The main reason for the failure of the anti-obesity program is probably that ________.A. the participants didn’t take an active part in itB. the program was not interesting and exciting to participantsC. the participants didn’t get extra nutrition or exercise helpD. the program didn’t pay attention to healthy exercise15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. As researchers, it is important to have creative research methods.B. Researchers need to give meals or prepare foods to participants.C. Teen girls have no difficulty in making changes to their diet.D. Some ant-obesity programs have not helped adults lose weight.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

见微知著，闻弦歌而知雅意
2019-2020届备考
福建省福州市2019届高三第一次质量检测
语文试题
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，用0．5毫米的黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

一、现代文阅读（35分）
（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）
阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。

很多人说：什么是意境？意境就是“情”“景”交融。

其实这种解释应该是从近代开始的。

王国维在《人间词话》中所使用的“意境”或“境界”，他的解释就是情景交融。

但是在中国传统美学中，情景交融所规定的是“意象”，而不是“意境”。

中国传统美学认为艺术的本体就是意象，任何艺术作品都要创造意象，都应该情景交融，而意境则不是任何艺术作品都具有的。

意境除了有意象的一般规定性之外，还有自己的特殊规定性，意境的内涵大于意象，意境的外延小于意象。

那么意境的特殊规定性是什么呢？唐代刘禹锡有句话：“境生于象外。

”“境”是对于在时间和空间上有限的“象”的突破，只有这种象外之“境”才能体现作为宇宙的本体和生命的“道”。

2019—2020学年度第一学期福州市高三期末质量检测英语试题（本试题卷共10页。

全卷满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

1. What is Mary's attitude toward her own decision?A. Firm.B. Ambiguous.C. Surprised.2. Which train will the woman take?A. The 6：15 one.B. The 6-45 one.C. The 8-15 one.3. What will the boy clean?A. The window.B. The bottle.C. The car.4.Where is the post office?A. Behind the park.B. On the left of the hotel.C. Across from the tourist information center.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The girl's classmate.B. Ann's character.C. Nick's trousers.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

选出最佳选项.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.How does the woman feel at first?A. Fairly relaxed.B. Quite confident.C. A bit worried.7. What will the speakers do tonight?A. Give out invitations.B. Make more food.C. Throw a party.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2019年福州市高中毕业班质量检测语文试卷及答案解析第I卷（阅读题共70分）一、现代文阅读(36分）(—)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

数千年来，中国画历经发端、童稚、成熟、升华的漫长路程，由实用而艺术化，形成了独特的话语体系和呈现方式。

一幅优秀的中国画，常能以“若坐、若行、若飞、若动”的点线皴檫、风姿绰约的笔情墨象、“似”与“不似”的意态呈现、冲淡玄远或冲突涌动的静谧视觉，形成强大的情感张力；足令观赏者衣带渐宽终不悔地展玩不已的，正是画作中种种对抗而平衡的巨大张力所予人的艺术审美愉悦。

欣赏中国画，其要在意象、在技法、在韵致、在境界，其法在观物、在游心、在体道、在畅神。

须紧扣意象和技法这两大介质，从物我、情景、形神、体道等意象归纳和线条、形态、色彩、构图等技法剖析两途,层层倒逼，以迫近画作的风神和特质；透过画作的物化形态，体悟主导其意象创构和技法表现的思维方式和审美内核，即生命、节律、体势、气韵等主体价值,品味出画作的境界涵养之美。

然而，就艺术而论，画作赏鉴或品评优劣，首在是否能令观者产生共鸣、打动其心,是否能使其从中捕捉并直通画家所欲传达的观念、思想、情绪，是否能令观者从中获得启迪与教益，而非“似”与“不似”。

故赏画之先，观赏者必须知晓浸润、孕育中国画的中国文化的特质。

这是欣赏中国画的出发点、落脚点和重大关窍。

若以人物、山水、花鸟画类分而论之，则人物画所重之“传神”，即借由描摹直观可视的人物表情、眼神、形体语言、肢体动作、背景布局等,表现人物丰富多彩的内心世界,求取以形写神之功；山水画所推崇的“诗情画意”，即借由描摹山式、云雾的雄壮或秀美、粗犷或冷峻、俊逸或萧散之多元样态，力求景中寓情、情随景生、情景交融、物我合一的意境独造，亦即以高、平、深“三远”的画面结构之法，与“计白当黑”的虚实处理之法，将大自然的美与文人逸趣紧密糅合；花鸟画所言之“石分三面”，实指阴阳两面与别开生面等的“道”和“理”，其中深蕴着“三生万物”的生命哲理。

秘密★启用前福建省福州市2019-2020学年度高三第一学期期末质量检测语文试题2020．1★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

对“美好生活”这一人类共同的追求，不同伦理学流派有不同的表达，尤其体现在古典时代哲学家的研究理论中。

比如，亚里士多德认为幸福是生命的自然目的，也是最高的善；伊壁鸠鲁认为快乐包含身体健康和心灵宁静，审慎的生活才能获得宁静、才能获得最高的善；斯多亚学派认为“按照自然生活”、按照理性生活，才能达到幸福。

其共同特征是认为，幸福是与理性相一致的，理性内在于美好生活的普遍理想。

中国文化同样传递着对安定、幸福生活的恒久守望。

《尚书·洪范》中有“五福”的记载，一曰寿，二曰富，三曰康宁，四曰攸好德，五曰考终命，表达了一种整体性的幸福观。

与上述古希腊哲学家对理性强调、对求真求知的强调不同，中国文化受天人一体的宇宙观、天下一家的世界观、民胞物与的生命现影响，对美好生活的描述更强调求善求美，强调幸福的整体性和完备性。

比如，强调天人一体。

在中国哲学里，天是万物的生命本源，也是道德观念和原则的本原。

对此，儒家道家文献都多有论述，比如《易经》中提出天、地、人三才之道，天之道在于“始万物”，地之道在于“生万物”，人之道的作用在于“成万物”，将人与自然、人与最高道德本体的关系清楚展现出来。

比如，强调德福一致。

以儒家为代表的中华传统文化重视德福一致，认为道德内在于幸福之中，美好生活同时也是道德的生活，因此即便“一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷”，圣人也能“不改其乐”。