腹腔镜下输尿管切开取石术的配合
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DOI:10.16662/ki.1674-0742.2024.05.078腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的疗效及对患者肾功能的影响郑龙宝,孟庆超,李明峰中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇七医院泌尿外科,福建南平353000[摘要]目的探讨在嵌顿性输尿管上段结石治疗中应用腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术(Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Ureterolithotomy, RLU)的疗效及对患者肾功能的影响。
方法方便选取2020年3月—2022年4月在中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇七医院行手术治疗的64例嵌顿性输尿管上段结石患者为研究对象,通过掷硬币法分为两组,其中通过RLU治疗的32例作为观察组,对照组(n=32)采用微创经皮肾镜碎石术治疗,比较两组结石清除率、手术指标及住院时间、肾功能指标、并发症发生率。
结果观察组的结石清除率为100.00%,高于对照组的87.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.267,P<0.05)。
观察组术中失血量较对照组明显减少,且住院时间、手术耗时较对照组明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。
观察组各项肾功能指标水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。
观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。
结论临床治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石时采用RLU,具有较高的结石清除率,同时能够减少手术创伤,缩短住院时间,对肾功能损伤更小,且有助于降低并发症发生率。
[关键词]腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术;嵌顿性输尿管上段结石;肾功能;微创经皮肾镜碎石术;并发症[中图分类号]R699.4 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1674-0742(2024)02(b)-0078-04Effect of Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Ureterolithotomy in the Treatment of Incarcerated Upper Ureteral Calculi and Its Influence on Renal Func⁃tionZHENG Longbao, MENG Qingchao, LI MingfengDepartment of Urology, the 907th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, Nan⁃ping, Fujian Province, 353000 China[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (RLU) on renal function in the treatment of incarcerated upper ureteral calculi.Methods64 patients with incarcerated upper ureteral calculi who underwent surgical treatment in the 907 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army from March 2020 to April 2022 were conveniently selected as the study objects and were divided into two groups by coin toss method. Among them, 32 patients treated by RLU were set as observation group, and the control group (n=32) was treated by minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotripsis. The calculi clearance rate, operative indexes, length of hospital stay, renal function indexes and complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results The stone clearance rate in the observation group was 100.00%, which was higher than 87.50% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.267, P<0.05). The intraoperative blood loss in the observa⁃tion group was significantly reduced compared with the control group, and the length of hospital stay and operation time were significantly shortened compared with the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of renal function indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion In the clinical[作者简介] 郑龙宝(1981-),男,本科,副主任医师,研究方向为泌尿及男科。
腹腔镜下肾盂切开取石术【物品准备】大包、衣服包、中单包、腹腔镜包、外科腔镜碗、综合盒子、30°镜头、持钳、长超刀及连接线、腔镜大直角钳、按压式吸引器、显像系统、导光束、侧卧位体位垫全套、胫前垫、T型垫、棉垫多块一次性物品:恒温毯、(泌尿科专用袋)输尿管支架、COOK导丝(黑色)、10mm 穿刺器×2、774D×2、UL878×1、慕思线7号线、一次性2根针、11号刀片、吸引器连接管×2、腔镜保护套、硅球、腔镜敷贴X2,10×15敷贴×1、泡沫敷贴4块、Y型冲洗器、手套做水囊,12号橡胶导尿管、NS2000ml×1、百唯安×1【麻醉方式】全麻【体位】健侧卧位折刀位【器械护士配合】1.物品准备:11#刀片、0#慕丝线、50ml注射器、保护套1个、吸引器皮管、LC 盒、各种型号手套;其他物品术中由巡回护士遵医嘱打上台。
2.手术配合【巡回护士配合】1.清洁手术间,迎接患者入室,手术床上提前放置侧卧位体位垫,恒温毯、协助患者移上手术床,腰部对准手术床折刀线。
2.在患侧上肢建立静脉通道,避开肘关节,执行三方核查。
3.协助摆放折刀体位,腰下垫胫前垫,注意保护隐私、注意保暖。
4.全麻病人贴眼睛,撕去输液贴的纸质贴纸,放置压迫眼周皮肤。
5.检查电刀、吸引器、显像系统等仪器设备性能、显像系统放于健侧头部处,超刀置于主刀侧、电刀置于主刀对侧。
6.准备生理盐水500ml连接输血皮条排空空气置于输液架上置于患者健侧靠脚处,连接导尿管(导尿管的引流袋剪去剩余一段连接管)术中膀胱灌注用。
7.协助器械护士铺置无菌器械台,清点手术器械、敷料、缝针等,并记录。
8.协助医生上台,连接仪器设备,调节合适灯光,术中及时供应手术台上所需物品,督促上台人员无菌操作,指导洗手护士建立隔离区。
9.撤镜头前、关闭切口前后和手术结束后,和器械护士共同清点用物,并记录各种单据。