宾语从句讲义

初中宾语从句：第一讲导入：（在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语）I kown the man.（而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语）I know that the man is a policemanThe man is a policeman.1.基本概念宾语：动作的承受者从句：主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。

主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。

从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。

宾语从句：是主从复合句的一种。

宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语2.考试题型：宾语从句是中考的重点语法项目，其主要的考试形式出现在“选择填空和短文改错”中。

3.引导词：(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句:e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。

(2)由疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what和疑问副词where, when, why,how引导的宾语从句:e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ?（谁的，作定语）2)Could you tell me why the train is late? （为什么，作状语）3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，作主语）注：这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。

(3)由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句:if/whether 引导宾语从句表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。

e.g. I want to know if/whether she is right .They didn’t know whether Tom could come back or not .I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.If 与whether 的区别（1）与or not 连用只能用whetherEg: I don’t know _____ he will come or not.（2）介词后只能用whetherEg: I don’t care of ______ he is handsome.（3）与to do 不定式连用只能用whetherEg: He wondered ______ to stay here the next week.（4）当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导Eg: ____ he will come is not decided.三、宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。

宾语从句与定语从句1.宾语从句：一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。

有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。

二.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if代词：who, whose, what ,which副词：when ,where, how, why 等。

（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项：当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。

例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情况中that不能省略当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。

例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。

宾语从句一、定义宾语，或的宾语。

【译】你能告诉我你们在讨论什么吗？【译】我确定他会成功。

二、分类一）由that引导的宾语从句（that没有实在的意义，可以省略。

）Eg. Lily told me (that) she never plays computer game.【译】她说她想待在家。

Eg. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?【译】我们不知道火车为什么晚点了。

【译】你们知道李明放学后在等谁吗？三）由if或whether引导的宾语从句。

【译】他问我是否能帮他一个忙。

【译】莉莉想知道她小学同学玛丽是否还住在成都。

三、语序【译】你能告诉我我们什么时候开始开会吗？【译】汤姆想知道如何去图书馆。

四、时态一）如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用Eg.He asked what time it was.【译】他说他很快就会回到他的故乡了。

二）如果主句是与现在相关的时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等），Eg.I think (that) you are right.【译】我记得他昨天给了我一本书。

【译】老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。

【译】科学家证明了地球是圆的。

五、直接引语和间接引语的相互转化。

1.The doctor says, “You had better stay at home for a week.”2.Teacher says, “You have to study hard.”3.Emma says, “I feel cold.”4.Tom says that he wants to be a basketball player in the future.5.They say that it’s not very hot in their city in summer.总结：课后练习一、单项选择题A. thatB. whichC. whyD. what2.Our teacher told us that we_______ the shoe factory the next week.A. visitedB. will visit C would visit D. visitA. mightB. mayC. has toD. canA.tells; would writeB. told; had writtenC. told; will writeD. tells; had written5.He asked __________ Betty came home late last night.A.thatB.whetherC.where6.Mr. White asked me whether I the book before.A. has readB. readC. had readD. would read7.Mr. Green says ____________they will go back to England.A whereB whichC whoD that8. A:What did Tony tell you？B: He told me he .A. leavesB. has leftC. was leavingD. will leave9.---Do you know____________?---At 9:00 tomorrow morning?A.when the video meeting beginB.when did the video meeting beginC.when the video meeting will beginD. when does the video meeting begin10.---Could you please tell me____________?---Throwing off poverty(脱贫)A.who people often talk about this yearB.what people often talk about this yearC.which do people often talk about this yearD.that people often talk about this year二、将下列直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词。

宾语从句一、定义及种类定义：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。

及物动词宾语：I don’t know what he likes.介词宾语：We are talking about whether it’s a cat or a dog.形容词宾语：I am sorry I am late. I am glad that you can join us.种类：根据不同的引导词分为三类：that引导：He said that he wanted to stay at home.whether/if引导：He asked me whether/if(是否) he could go.特殊疑问词引导：Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?二、宾语从句——引导词、语序、时态1. 引导词①由_______________引导I don’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.that后加陈述语序，由陈述句变化而来。

这里的that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中常省略。

②由_______________引导（其意思是__________）I want to know whether/if she likes Zhengzhou.He asked me whether/if I could help him.whether/if后加陈述语序，由一般疑问句转化而来。

③由_______________引导I don’t know why he loves crying.He asked who was the best.Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?特殊疑问词后加陈述语序，由特殊疑问句转化而来。

宾语从句1.宾语从句的概念。

在主从复合句中，置于动词、介词等后面，充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。

无论何时宾语从句都是陈述语序，即引导词（连接词）+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分。

引导宾语从句的连接词有that, whether, if, what, whose, why, when等。

2.宾语从句的结构。

连接词He knew who sang best in his class.动词从句who sang best in his class放在动词knew后面，作宾语，who是引导该从句的连接词。

句意为：他知道班上谁唱歌唱得最好。

连接词I agree with what you said just now.介词从句what you said just now放在介词with的后面，作宾语，what是连接词。

句意为：我同意你刚才说的话。

3.引导宾语从句的连接词。

1)that引导的宾语从句。

that引导的宾语从句没有词意，只起连接作用，用来引导意思完整的陈述句，可以省略。

that引导的宾语从句表示肯定的概念，如希望，相信，知道或说。

例句如下：1.I hear that he will be back in an hour. 我听说他会在一个小时后回来。

2.I hope that it will snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天会下雪。

3.I believe that we shall bee good friends. 我相信我们会成为好朋友。

2)whether/if引导的宾语从句。

whether/if引导的宾语从句词意为是否，在宾语从句中不作成分，不可省略。

通常可以互换，但是介词后面只能用whether，宾语从句中含有or not的只能用whether来引导，即whether和or not在宾语从句中为固定搭配，其他不含or not 的宾语从句可以用whether或if来引导。

例句如下：1.He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。

宾语从句讲义名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句一、宾语从句的概念二、宾语从句引导词与定语从句引导词的对比三、引导词1、that 没有意思，不做成分，可以省略Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.以下三种情况that 不可以省略（1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried（2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。

The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.2、当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether 翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .必须用whether的两种情况、3、当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ?I don’t remember when we arrived .I asked him where I could get so much money .Please tell me whom we have to see .Do you know what time the plane leaves ?4、带how的相关词组四、时态如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）I know he lived here ten years ago如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）I saw she was talking with her mother当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .练习：I didn’t know what time he ________ the letter. (write)Could you tell me who ___________ away the book already? (take)Ling Feng told me he ___________ to the Great Wall several times. (be)五语序1. When will he go to the library?His brother asks when he will go to the library .His brother asks when will he go to the library。

英语中考语法宾语从句详细讲解和讲义（一）第一：什么叫宾语从句？1.在中考中，宾语从句是指一个在复合句中担任宾语的子句。

它通常由一个连词引导，紧跟着一个主句中的动词或介词后面。

2.宾语从句可以充当主句中的动词、形容词或名词的宾语，起到进一步说明或解释主句中内容的作用。

3.宾语从句的连词可以是that、whether、if、how、when、where等。

比如：He said that he didn’t know it.他说他不知道。

主句从句第二：中考英语中“that”引导的宾语从句用法：1.that引导的宾语从句，可以用来引述别人的陈述、观点或想法。

例如：（1）He said that he would come to the party.（他说他会来参加派对。

）（2）She believes that hard work leads to success.（她相信努力工作会带来成功。

）2.在口语和非正式的书面表达中，有时可以省略"that"。

例如：She told me (that) she was tired.（她告诉我她很累。

）3.当主句的谓语动词是感觉动词（如feel, think, believe, hope, know）时，通常可以省略"that"。

例如：We hope (that) it will be a sunny day tomorrow.（我们希望明天是个晴天。

）4.注意：需要注意的是，虽然在口语和非正式的写作中可以省略"that"，但在正式的书面表达中，建议保留"that" 以确保语法准确性。

总结来说，中考中使用"that" 引导的宾语从句是常见的，主要用来引述别人的陈述、观点或想法。

在具体应用时，要根据上下文和语法规则来确定是否省略"that"。

第三：常见的宾语从句连接代词详细用法：一、what的具体用法：解释："what" 引导的宾语从句用于引导一个问句，询问或描述某个事物或情况的性质、特征、原因等。

宾语从句的理解(干货)1. 宾语从句的概念2. 宾语从句语序3. 宾语从句时态和引导词注：找宾语从句的方法与找定语从句的方法是一样的，需要我们去区别的是宾语从句还是主语宾语，属于句子主干成分，在从句中做动词，介词和形容词的宾语。

【考点1】宾语从句的概念宾语从句指的是在句子中起宾语作用的从句。

宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

1.动词的宾语从句：He told us that they would help us though the whole work.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.2.介词的宾语从句：The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.3.形容词的宾语从句：I am sure that I will pass the exam.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.例题：划出下列句子中的宾语从句。

1.None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.2.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.3.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.4.1 am sorry that I have troubled you so long.找从句有一个关键的方法，无论是哪种类型的从句，都可以按照这个方法，从引导词开始找，往后看，看引导词后有几个谓语动词，如果只有一个，这个从句就从引导词直到句末，如果有两个谓语次动词，从句就在引导词开始数的第二个谓语动词之前。

初高中英语语法衔接材料第十三讲：宾语从句概念：宾语从句属于名词性从句，是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。

宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的从句之一，也是初、高中阶段要求重点掌握的从句。

宾语从句一般做介词或及物动词的宾语We all expect that they will win.我们所有人都盼着他们能赢。

（动宾）We are talking about whether we should keep the money.我们正在讨论是否应该收下这笔钱。

（介宾）一、宾语从句的连接词连接词连接词的作用例句that 本身无意义，只起连接作用，在口语中可省略。

He said that it was a good present.他说这是一份好礼物。

what, which,who, whose, whom等连接代词在从句中作一定成分，可作主语，宾语，定语等I don’t know what you are talking about.我不知道你在说什么。

He wanted to know whose box it was.他想知道这个箱子是谁的。

when, where, why, how等连接副词在从句中作状语，如时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等。

Could you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来自哪吗？People never know how he did that.人们从来也不知道他是如何做到的。

if/whether 意思都是“是否”，不作成分，但不能省略。

He asked me if it would rain tomorrow.他问我明天是否会下雨。

that引导的宾语从句1.He thinks that she is a good girl.他认为她是一个好女孩儿。

’m afraid that I have made a mistake.我恐怕我犯了一个错误。

3.He thought (that) he was strong and that only he could help them.他认为他是强壮的，并且认为只有他能帮助他们。

[译林版]九年级英语宾语从句讲义宾语从句1.掌握由连接代词、连接副词及that。

if。

whether等引导的宾语从句的结构及其用法;2.掌握宾语从句的时态，注意主句、从句时态的呼应;3.掌握宾语从句的语序，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。

宾语从句的定义：在句中起宾语作用的从句宾语从句分类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句、形容词的宾语从句宾语从句连接词：从属连词that、whether、if；连接代词：who、whom、whose、which、what等；连接副词when、where、why、how等1 that引导的宾语从句由that引导的宾语从句表示陈述意义。

从属连词that无实际意义，在句中不充当任何成分。

此时宾语从句的成分齐全，句意明确。

在口语或非正式文体中that常常省略。

如：I don’t think (that) there will be time to do it.Many people believe (that) robots will do most our work.2 whether/if引导的宾语从句（1）用whether/if的情况whether/if引导的从句大多由普通疑问句作间接引语变革而来，经常放在XXX等后。

whether/if在从句中不作任何成分，但是含有“是不是”的意义，在句中不成省略。

如：Do you XXX?I asked XXX would win the match.3只用whether不用if的情况（1）引导介词后的宾语从句如：It XXX.（2）与or not连用时如：XXX.（3）与不定式连用时如：I really XXX.（4）宾语从句置于句首时如：Whether they can come here on time。

we don’t know.4毗连代词、毗连副词引导的宾语从句时，毗连代词、毗连副词不克不及省略如：Do you XXX?I will tell youwhyI am angry with him.5宾语从句的时态（1）时态的变革当主语的谓语动词是普通曩昔常常，其宾语从句的时态普通要用响应的曩昔时态。