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以读促听：系统功能语篇分析与专业八级微型讲座听力理解作者：李素琴段学勤来源：《疯狂英语·教师版》2013年第01期摘要：英语书面语和口语语篇的理解同属于语言解码过程，需要读者、听者的多种能力共同合作，以求获取最大限度的语篇信息。
系统功能语篇分析能力已被证实能促进英语阅读理解，而我们认为，听者可以通过阅读训练，把握系统功能语篇分析中的主位分析方法，体会微型讲座的主位推进特征以及由此发生的信息的呈现方式，从而宏观掌握微型讲座的主旨大意和最大限度地捕捉信息细节。
关键词：以读促听；系统功能语篇分析；微型讲座听力理解[中图分类号]H319.3[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1006-2831（2013）02-0016-4 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-2831.2013.01.0041. 引言英语听力教学中，培养较长语篇听力理解能力是对高年级阶段的教学重点。
这项能力的高低决定一个英语专业本科毕业生能否胜任外事文秘、国际贸易谈判、国际新闻采编、国际科技学术交流等涉外业务。
在教学实践中发现，这项教学重点经常成为难点，学生在进行笔记训练时出现两极分化，一个极端是学生记录了大量笔记，却没有抓住要点；另一极端是有的只能写下支离破碎的几个单词。
偶尔有个别天赋高、记忆力强、基本功扎实的学生，能够把这道题做得很好，可是教师发现，这类学生做好这道题是因为什么都听懂了，而不一定是依赖笔记。
语篇听力理解水平受多种因素制约，可简略地归类为言者、听者、语篇和语境等因素。
从言者角度，探讨说话人的语速、重音所在、语调、语气等；从听者角度，主要包括听者的认知模式、自身体验、文化背景、目的语水平、对话题的熟悉程度以及心理因素等。
对语篇的分析，从连贯衔接等角度入手，谈语篇的体裁、类型、文体特征等；对语境的研究主要是体现在听小对话和长对话中的关键词的提示等，对这些因素已有大量研究。
本文讨论的是怎样利用语篇资源中的主述位分析来促进对长语篇的听力理解水平，提出“以读促听”的长语篇听力的教学方法。
2018年英语专业八级真题听力Mini-lecture原文(1)Language and Humanity语言和人类Good morning, everyone.大家早上好。
In today's lecture, we're going to discuss the relationship between language and humanity. As we all know, language is very powerful.在今天的课上，我们将讨论语言和人类之间的关系。
众所周知，语言是非常强大的。
It allows you to put a thought from your mind directly in someone else's mind.它可以让你把你的想法直接放在别人的大脑里。
Languages are like genes talking, getting things they want.语言就像会说话的基因，得到他们想要的东西。
And you just imagine the sense of wonder in a baby when it first discovers that, merely by uttering a sound, it can get objects to move across a room as if by magic, and maybe even into its mouth.你可以想象，当一个婴儿第一次发现，仅仅通过发出一个声音，它就能让物体像中了魔法一样在房间里移动，甚至可能进入它的嘴里。
Now we need to explain how and why this remarkable trait, you know, human's ability to do things with language, has evolved, and why did this trait evolve only in our species?现在我们需要解释这个显著的特征，也就是人类用语言做事的能力，是如何进化的，为什么进化，为什么这个特征只在我们人类身上进化？In order to get an answer to the question, we have to go to tool use in the chimpanzees.为了得到这个问题的答案，我们必须研究黑猩猩的工具使用。
专业英语八级考试听力讲座练习专业英语八级考试听力讲座练习英语专八听力讲座部分内容与考生英语专业相关，是一个将听力和做笔记填空结合的`题型。
该题目是一个900字左右的讲座，要求考生边听边做笔记，然后完成填空任务。
专八听力的提高最基本的技巧还是需要考生们平时多听voa/bbc，以下是店铺为大家搜索整理专业英语八级考试听力讲座练习，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助![00:27.11]In this section, you will hear a mini-lecture.[00:32.14]You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY.[00:35.10]While listening, take notes on the important points.[00:39.47]Your notes will not be marked,[00:41.77]but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.[00:47.46]When the lecture is over, you’ll be given two minutes to check your notes,[00:52.70]and another 10 minutes to complete the gap-filling task.[00:56.97]Now listen to the mini-lecture.[00:59.93]What is good writing?[01:03.64]Different cultures using different languages may come up with very different answers to the question.[01:09.34]Indeed, even different individuals may have different standards, tastes and expectations.[01:14.80]However, as far as English is concerned, a set of basic characteristics,[01:19.95]which is believed to be present in all good writing, [01:22.57]has been promoted by educators in English-speaking countries.[01:25.85]They are: unity, coherence, emphasis, developmentand clarity.[01:31.32]While these good old values are still relevant,[01:34.27]today’s discussion of good writing focuses on a different set of concepts.[01:38.97]I’ll define good writing using different terms: good writing is good thinking;[01:44.11]good writing involves thoughtful revision; good writing is directed toward an audience;[01:49.91]good writing achieves a clear purpose; good writing expresses ideas clearly.[01:55.06]Firstly, good writing is good thinking. Good thinking leads to good writing,[02:01.40]and muddy thinking can only result in muddy writing.[02:04.57]As simple as that. Writing is a thinking process; it is not making a big deal out of nothing.[02:10.70]Good writing should be substantive, really having things to say.[02:14.64]Not only having things to say, but also having insightful things to say about the topic.[02:20.32]This concept is particularly important for you non-native speakers of English.[02:25.25]You may tend to be overly concerned with being correct in grammar, spelling and mechanics.[02:30.60]While good writing is expected to be free from grammatical and other errors,[02:34.97]it is worth repeating here that good writing is not good grammar or vice versa.[02:40.12]At the advanced level,[02:42.19]you should be much more concerned with higherand more important issues of writing in English.[02:46.90]If you were excited at all by a piece of writing,[02:49.96]most likely, it was for one or a combination of the following reasons:[02:54.78]1) because it enlightens you or sheds light on the subject;[03:00.02]2) because you have felt something similar but in a rather vague and superficial way;[03:05.60]3) because you have felt exactly the same,[03:09.33]but have never been able to express yourself in such an effective and elegant manner.[03:13.70]Secondly, good writing involves thoughtful revision.[03:17.30]Although there are geniuses who are such inspired writers[03:20.91]that they can produce great writings at the spur of the moment[03:24.08]without having to revise as much as one word, such geniuses are few and far between.[03:29.77]For the overwhelming majority of writers,[03:32.73]good writing is ninety-nine percent hard work and one percent inspiration.[03:37.98]Experienced writers subject their writings to numerous revisions before feeling satisfied.[03:43.89]Lu Xun, the greatest modern Chinese writer, for example,[03:48.04]talks about pacing pensively in the study for days searching for the right word.[03:53.07]Thirdly, good writing is directed toward an audience.[03:57.01]Notice the use of the word “audience” here:[03:59.97]it usually refers to viewers and listeners, but now its reference has expanded to include readers, too,[04:06.86]particularly in discussions of writing.[04:09.48]You should remember that what is appropriate for one kind of audience may not be appropriate for another.[04:15.60]The intended audience determines your choice of words,[04:18.88]your sentence length and patterns, the overall tone, [04:22.72]the details that would be included in your writing, etc.[04:26.00]Fourthly, good writing achieves a clear purpose.[04:29.50]Good writing must achieve your intended purpose.[04:32.12]If you want to write about how to make Jiaozi, your reader, after reading your writing,[04:37.37]should get everything he or she needs to know about how to make Jiaozi,[04:41.31]from the necessary ingredients to step by step instructions.[04:45.03]If your purpose is to convey the sublime and soul-awakening beauty of the morning sun[04:51.15]bursting out of the horizon in the misty Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province,[04:55.86]you should describe it in such a way that your readers should be able to visualize the scenery.[05:01.00]If you want to propose that China adopt a legal drinking age,[05:05.15]you should make it clear to the People’s Congress why such a law is necessary,[05:09.64]what it should be, how to implement such a law,and so forth.[05:13.68]Last but not least, good writing expresses ideas clearly.[05:18.17]Good writing reflects good thinking,[05:21.23]and good thinking needs to be put in precise, concise, and lucid prose.[05:26.04]An important task for revision is to trim all the deadwood,[05:30.31]pruning all the redundancies, wordiness,[05:33.16]and confusing and misleading ambiguities.[05:35.56]For non-native speakers,[05:37.53]to express yourself clearly often involves making your writing more idiomatic,[05:41.79]reducing the level of negative interference of your native language[05:45.52]and to bring your writing closer to English-speaking readers.[05:48.68]Only when you can write clearly can you begin to think of developing a distinctive style.[05:53.94]What kind of style should you develop or use depends on your temperament,[05:58.64]your need, and such controlling factors as the subject you are writing about,[06:02.90]the audience you are writing to, and the purpose you want to achieve.[06:06.73]One style may be appropriate for certain occasions but totally inappropriate for others.[06:12.10]You would feel totally out of place[06:14.39]if you go to a casual gathering of old friends dressed in expensive suit and tie,[06:19.31]unless you want to appear snobbish and showy.[06:22.04]How about going to a concert performed by the Vienna Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra[06:26.86]in the elegant Grand Capital Arts Center in loosely fit T-shirt and jeans?[06:32.00]So far, we have discussed five characteristics of good writing.[06:36.37]In later lectures, you will learn in greater detail how to write to different audiences[06:41.73]to achieve specific purposes in clear and effective styles.下载全文。
2016英语专业八级改革_英语专业八级考试改革对于英语专业的同学而言，专业八级的考试是十分重要的。
考试的改革牵动着广大英语专业学子的切身利益。
今年8月，高校外语专业教学测试办公室正式发布了《关于英语专业八级考试（TEM8）题型调整说明》，该文件也可以作为2016英语专业八级改革官方文件。
该文件的发布也就意味着，英语专业八级考试改革方案正式敲定，自明年起实施。
以下是具体改革内容，希望对大家有所帮助~关键词：2016英语专业八级改革,英语专业八级考试改革一、听力理解：25%1、讲座Mini-lecture：较以往而言，该部分文章长度增加，由10道题变成15道题，提前发卷，要求学生边听边做笔记，然后完成填空任务。
2、长对话：该部分题目数量及长度不变，但卷面问题消失，需要等待问题在听力中出现。
会话后有10道选择题，每道题后有10秒的间隙，要求学生听到问题后从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
3、原有的新闻听力取消，退出专八舞台。
（但大学英语四级考试新增了新闻听力）二、阅读理解：30%阅读理解部分新增简答题，采用选择题（14道题）和简答题（8道题）相结合的形式。
学生应根据所读材料内容，从每题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，或根据问题做简短回答。
三、语言知识：10%即改错题。
本部分由一篇约250个单词的短文组成，短文中有10行标有题号。
该10行内均含有一个语误。
要求学生根据“增添”、“删除”或“改变其中的某一个单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误，共10道题。
四、翻译：15%原英译中部分取消，保留中译英部分。
要求考生将一段150个汉字组成的段落翻译成英语。
五、写作：20%写作采用材料作文的形式，要求考生能根据所给阅读材料和要求撰写各类体裁的文章，文章长度约300个单词（较以往要求的400词变短了）；能做到内容切题、充实，条理清楚，结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺，表达得体。
2016英语专业八级改革_英语专业八级考试改革/knowledge/articles/5684ecd20cf25aa8f25279de。
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷131(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Stress Management I. The goal of stress management— taking charge of thoughts, emotions,【T1】1 and environment etc.【T1】 2— the【T2】 3 a balanced life【T2】 4II. Sources of stress— not always obvious— too easy to【T3】 5 the real stress【T3】 6III.【T4】 7 to manage stress【T4】8A. Avoid unnecessary stress— say "no" to【T5】 9【T5】 10— avoid people who cause stress to you—take control of environment—cut down to-do list:a)【T6】11 of schedule, responsibilities and daily tasks【T6】 12b)distinguish the "shoulds" and the "musts"c)drop unnecessary tasks or 【T7】 13【T7】 14B.【T8】 15【T8】 16— voice your feelings— be more assertive— better time 【T9】17【T9】18C. Adapt to the stressor—【T10】19problems【T10】20—Set【T11】21 standards 【T11】 22— concentrate on positive thingsD. Accept【T12】 23【T12】 24— focus on things that can be changed rather than those【T13】25【T13】26—face challenges in an upside way—to share—to forgiveE. Make time for【T14】 27【T14】 28F. Adopt a healthy lifestyle—【T15】 29 exercise 【T15】 30— healthy diet— enough sleepStress Management I. The goal of stress management— taking charge of thoughts, emotions,【T1】31 and environment etc.【T1】 32— the【T2】 33 a balanced life【T2】 34II. Sources of stress—not always obvious—too easy to【T3】35 the real stress【T3】36III.【T4】37 to manage stress 【T4】 38A. Avoid unnecessary stress— say "no" to【T5】 39【T5】 40— avoid people who cause stress to you— take control of environment— cut down to-do list:a)【T6】 41 of schedule, responsibilities and daily tasks【T6】 42b)distinguish the "shoulds" and the "musts"c)drop unnecessary tasks or【T7】43【T7】44B.【T8】45【T8】46—voice your feelings—be more assertive—better time【T9】47【T9】48C. Adapt to the stressor—【T10】49problems【T10】50—Set【T11】51 standards【T11】52—concentrate on positive thingsD. Accept【T12】53【T12】 54— focus on things that can be changed rather than those【T13】 55【T13】 56— face challenges in an upside way— to share— to forgiveE. Make time for【T14】 57【T14】 58F. Adopt a healthy lifestyle—【T15】 59 exercise【T15】 60— healthy diet— enough sleep（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：schedule）解析：解析：这篇讲座的主题是关于“stress management(压力管理)”。
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷104(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：6，分数：50.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：Improving Your Motivation for Learning EnglishI. The importance of the techniques for improving motivationA. Necessity for leaning EnglishB. Necessity for boosting motivation in 【T1】1【T1】2II. Motivation for learning EnglishA. Talking to 【T2】3freely 【T2】4B. Admired by other peopleC. Writing email to people all over the worldIII. Ways to improve the motivation for learning EnglishA. Remember your English is already good but 【T3】5【T3】6—still a lot of things you don't know—still having problems: 【T4】7in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, etc.【T4】8B. Use English as much as possible— English is 【T5】 9【T5】 10a) finding information from English-language websitesb) 【T6】 11【T6】 12c) 【T7】 13【T7】 14d) reading interesting English books, etc.—English will be improved when 【T8】15are adopted 【T8】16C. Talking to people about English—people talk about things they are interested in— people gradually 【T9】 17in a boring subject 【T9】 18a) telling others your 【T10】 19when studying a boring subject 【T10】 20b) telling them about the things you have learnedD. Spending money on learning English— the desire to use and improve English 【T11】 21because of 【T11】 22the money you spent—【T12】 23is given to learn English 【T12】24E. Learning English requires【T13】25【T13】26—【T14】27is more powerful than reading a lot 【T14】 28— you will enjoy 【T15】 29only if you change something about your life 【T15】 30Improving Your Motivation for Learning EnglishI. The importance of the techniques for improving motivationA. Necessity for leaning EnglishB. Necessity for boosting motivation in 【T1】 31【T1】 32II. Motivation for learning EnglishA. Talking to 【T2】 33freely 【T2】 34B. Admired by other peopleC. Writing email to people all over the worldIII. Ways to improve the motivation for learning EnglishA. Remember your English is already good but 【T3】 35【T3】 36— still a lot of things you don't know—still having problems: 【T4】37in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, etc.【T4】38B. Use English as much as possible—English is 【T5】39【T5】40a) finding information from English-language websitesb) 【T6】 41【T6】 42c) 【T7】 43【T7】 44d) reading interesting English books, etc.— English will be improved when 【T8】 45are adopted 【T8】 46C. Talking to people about English—people talk about things they are interested in—people gradually 【T9】47in a boring subject 【T9】 48a) telling others your 【T10】 49when studying a boring subject 【T10】50b) telling them about the things you have learnedD. Spending money on learning English—the desire to use and improve English 【T11】51because of 【T11】52the money you spent—【T12】53is given to learn English 【T12】54E. Learning English requires【T13】55【T13】56—【T14】57is more powerful than reading a lot 【T14】 58— you will enjoy 【T15】 59only if you change something about your life 【T15】 60（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：other areas/fields）解析：解析：讲座的主题是“techniques for improving your motivation for learning English(提高英语学习动机的方法)”，紧接着提到了它的必要性时说到“在非英语学习的领域中，我们仍采用这些方法来激发我们的动力”，可知答案为other areas或other fields。
专业英语八级（听力）-试卷115(总分：120.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：120.00)1.PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear themini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：How to Find Time for Yourself I. Introduction: ways to carve out your own timeA.【T1】 1: too busy【T1】 2B. Desire: some time for yourself II. Scheduling time for yourselfA. Evenings with yourself—saving certain【T2】3just for you【T2】4—doing whatever you want on those nightsB.【T3】5【T3】6C. Buying tickets【T4】7【T4】8—tickets for anything you enjoy: sports, concerts, etc.— scheduling the plans with a friend laterD. Leaving work on timeE. Joining a(n)【T5】 9【T5】 10F. Taking an adult education classG. Doing some exercise— deciding today— making it 【T6】11 tomorrow【T6】12III. Keeping yourself on the goA. Commuting via【T7】13transportation, using that time【T7】 14— for some reading or【T8】 15【T8】 16— for meditationB. Driving in your car—making the most of the time—【T9】17you spend that time【T9】18—changing "waiting time" into "【T10】 19"【T10】 20— doing reading, writing or entertainment items IV. Trying to be in synergyA. Two birds, one stoneB. Getting to work【T11】 21【T11】 22— getting exercise—using the time to think or enjoy musicC. Arriving early, using the time— for relaxation— for thinking, whateverD.【T12】 23【T12】 24— making a difference for others— escaping work and personal【T13】25【T13】26—growing as a personE. Taking a(n)【T14】27job【T14】28—making money— doing something you loveF. Having【T15】 29【T15】 30How to Find Time for Yourself I. Introduction: ways to carve out your own timeA.【T1】 31: too busy【T1】 32B. Desire: some time for yourself II. Scheduling time for yourselfA. Evenings with yourself—saving certain【T2】33just for you【T2】34—doing whatever you want on those nightsB.【T3】 35【T3】 36C. Buying tickets【T4】 37【T4】 38— tickets for anything you enjoy: sports, concerts, etc.— scheduling the plans with a friend laterD. Leaving work on timeE. Joining a(n)【T5】 39【T5】 40F. Taking an adult education classG. Doing some exercise— deciding today—making it【T6】 41 tomorrow【T6】 42III. Keeping yourself on the goA. Commuting via【T7】43transportation, using that time【T7】44—for some reading or【T8】45【T8】46—for meditationB. Driving in your car—making the most of the time—【T9】47you spend that time【T9】48—changing "waiting time" into "【T10】 49"【T10】 50— doing reading, writing or entertainment items IV. Trying to be in synergyA. Two birds, one stoneB. Getting to work【T11】 51【T11】 52— getting exercise— using the time to think or enjoy musicC. Arriving early, using the time— for relaxation—for thinking, whateverD.【T12】53【T12】54—making a difference for others—escaping work and personal【T13】 55【T13】 56— growing as a personE. Taking a(n)【T14】 57job【T14】58— making money— doing something you loveF. Having【T15】 59【T15】 60（分数：30.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Reality）解析：解析：此题需要考生运用概括能力解答。
