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Unit 1 Great scientists Reading课时作业Ⅰ单句语法填空1. He had a good disguise，but as soon as he spoke he betrayed ____________(he)．答案：himself2. That student admitted ____________(cheat) in the math exam，promising that he would never do that again in the future.答案：having cheated3. He pretended ____________ (read) an important paper when the boss entered.答案：to be reading4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but I’d rather he focused more ____________ its culture.答案：on5. It’s bad manners ____________ (speak) ill of someone in his absence.答案：to speak6. Mary often argues ____________ her friends about small things angrily，which sometimes makes them very unhappy.答案：with7. The child was told to ____________ (apology) for being rude to his mother.答案：apologize8．While we can’t change the body type we are born with，we can’t blame our genes ____________ making us fat.答案：for9. Every time he sees people ____________ trouble，he always lends them a hand.答案：in10．Supply has to keep pace ____________ increasing demand.答案：withⅡ阅读理解“Hey，how are you doing? I’m Courtney. What grade are you in? What’s your favorite book？Elephant and Piggy? Yeah，I got it.”If you thought you’d walked into a library with a greeting like that，you wouldn’t be too far off. In fact，you’ve entered the workplace of Courtney Holmes，the Storybook Barber.Two years ago，Dubuque，Iowa，held its first yearly Back to School Bash，offering needy families an opportunity to learn about free resources(资源) in the community(社区). Holmes agreed to participate. Saturday was his busiest haircutting day，but he chose to donate his time and give free haircuts to underprivileged kids so they’d look sharp on that first day of classes. But then he had a lightbulb moment(突然醒悟的一瞬)：“The kids should earn their free haircut by having to read a book to me，”Holmes said.The idea was so popular that he continued it for the next two years. Fiveto tenyearold boys would grab a favorite book，settle into the barber chair，and read aloud while Holmes cut their hair. If they stuttered(结结巴巴地说) over a word，Holmes was there to help.After the haircut，they’d review the book，from the characters and vocabulary to the themes—just like in school，only more fun.Holmes admits he，too，benefits from the free snipandreads.“There was this sevenyearold Bob，who struggled through his book，stuttering over words even though he didn’t have a stutter，”said Holmes. He had the boy take the book home and practice. When the child came back a few days later，“He read it with no problems. That inspires me.”Holmes and his family have recently moved from Dubuque to a Chicago suburb. When they get settled，he plans to continue his role as the Storybook Barber.“The way the world is today with guns and violence，”he says，“it’s a safe haven(避风港) for the kids，to come to the barbershop and read books.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
Unit 1Great scientistsWritingⅠ.基础写作专练:根据句意完成句子, 注意连接词的正确使用1., there is a museum near the theatre.另外, 在这家剧院附近有一家博物馆。
2.Through these websites, I can read some classic English passages, poems and stories. , I can learn some learning skills and methodologies, which play an important part in my study process.通过这些网站, 我可以阅读一些经典的英语文章、诗歌和故事。
更多的是, 我可以学会一些学习技能和方法, 它们在我的学习过程中起着重要的作用。
3., it was harder than we had expected.然而, 这比我们所期望的要更难。
4., I took many falls off the bike.更糟糕的是, 我总是从自行车上摔下来。
5., we should learn how to get along well with others.另外, 我们应该学会怎样和他人很好地相处。
6.In our school, , things are quite different.然而在我们学校, 情况却完全不一样。
7.I think we will have a good time there I will send you photos taken there.我想我们在那里会玩得很愉快, 而且我将会把在那里拍的照片发送给你。
8., do let me know if you need more information.另外, 如果你需要更多的信息, 一定要告诉我。
9.He was tired, he kept working.他累了, 可是他还继续工作。
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.阅读理解AFrank Woolworth was born in Rodman, New York, in 1852. His family were very poor farmers, and there was never enough to eat. Frank decided he did not want to be a farmer. He took a short business course, and went to work as a salesman in a large city.Woolworth realized he had a natural skill for showing goods to attract people's interest, but he soon learned something more important. One day his boss told him to sell some odds and ends (小商品) for as much as he could get. Frank put all these things on one table with a sign which said FIVE CENTS EACH. People fought and pushed to buy the things and the table was soon cleared.Soon afterwards, Woolworth opened his own store, selling goods at five and ten cents. But he had another lesson to learn before he became successful. That is, if you want to make money by selling low－price goods, you have to buy them in large quantities directly from the factories. Once, for example, Woolworth went to Germany and placed an order for knives. The order was so large that the factory had to keep running 24 hours a day for a whole year. In this way, the price of the knives was cut down by half.By 1919, Woolworth had over 1,000 stores in the US and Canada, and opened his first store in London. He made many millions and his name became famous throughout the world. He always run his business according to strict rules, of which the most important was：“THECUSTOMERISALWAYS RIGHT.”1．Frank took a short business course in order to ____.A．earn more money for his familyB．learn something from a salesmanC．get away from the farmD．get enough to feed himself2．Frank sold the odds and ends quickly because ____.A．he knew how to get people to buy his goodsB．he cut down the price by halfC．he had put the goods on a table in a very nice wayD．the sign he put on the table was well designed3.______make Woolworth a world-famous man.A．His business skills and his wealthB．The low prices of the goods he soldC．His trip to Germany and his huge order of knivesD．His natural skills for showing things4．“The customer is always right” suggests that _____.A．when the customer and shop assistant quarrel, the customer is always rightB．if you want to succeed, the rule is the only way outC．stores must follow the customer's orders if they want to make moneyD．stores should try to meet the customer's needs if they want to succeedBA nine-year-old kid was sitting at his desk when suddenly there was a puddle(水洼) between his feet and the front of his trousers was wet. He thought his heart was going to stop because he couldn't possibly imagine how this had happened.It had never happened before, and he knew that when the boys found out he would never hear the end of it. When the girls found out, they would never speak to him again as long as he lived.He prayed this prayer, “Dear God, I need help now! Five minutes from now I'm dead meat！” He looked up from his prayer and here came the teacher with a look in her eyes that said he had been discovered. As the teacher was walking toward him, a classmate named Susie was carrying a goldfish bowl full of water. Susie tripped(绊倒) in front of the teacher and dumped(倒) the bowl of water in the boy's lap.The boy pretended to be angry, but all the while he was saying to himself，“Thank you, God！”Now all of a sudden, instead of being the object of ridicule(嘲笑), the boy was the object of sympathy (同情)．The teacher rushed him downstairs and gave him gym shorts to put on while his trousers dried out. All the other children were on their hands and knees cleaning up around his desk. The sympathy was wonderful. But as life would have it, the ridicule that should have been his had been transferred(转移) to someone else—Susie.She tried to help, but they told her to get out.When school was over, the boy walked over to Susie and whispered, “You did that on purpose，didn't you？” Susie whispered back, “I wet my trousers once, too！”5．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means“_____”．A．the boys would never play with himB．the boys would treat him as usualC．he would hardly hear any praise from the boysD．he would be laughed at by the boys endlessly6．After Susie dumped water in his lap, the boy was in a state of_____.A．excitement B．reliefC．anxiety D．anger7．What did the other kids do after the incident?A．They offered him dry clothes.B．They laughed at the boy rudely.C．They helped the boy do the cleaning.D．They urged the boy to get out angrily.8．Why did Susie dump water in the boy's lap?A．The boy asked her to do so.B．She just did it by accident.C．The teacher tripped her up on purpose.D．She knew the boy's embarrassment(尴尬)．Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unit 1 Great scientistsⅠ.完形填空I recently heardastory aboutafamous scientist who had made several very important medicalbreakthroughs(突破)．Hewasbeing interviewed by a reporter who asked him 1. he thought he was able to be so much more 2. than the average person.He responded that it all came from a(n) 3. with his mother that occurred when he was about 2. He had been trying to 4. milk from the fridge when he 5. the slippery(光滑的) bottle, its contents running all over the kitchen floor.When his mother came in, 6. shouting at him or giving him a lecture, she said, “Robert，what a great and wonderful 7. you have made! I have 8. seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been 9. . Would you like to get down and 10. in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”Indeed, he did.After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer？” He chose the sponge.His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a 11. experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two 12. hands. Let's go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can 13. .”The little boy learned that if he 14. the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful 15. ！This scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be16.to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just 17. for learning something new, which is, 18. ，what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment “doesn't 19. ”，we usually learn something 20. from it.1．A.why B．whatC．when D．how2．A.clever B．ableC．creative D．honest3．A.lesson B．experienceC．accident D．conflict4．A.carry B．bringC．remove D．fetch5．A.fell B．lostC．escaped D．dropped6．A.rather than B．instead ofC．other than D．in place of7．A.picture B．massC．map D．mess8．A.rarely B．happilyC．frequently D．angrily9．A.got B．sufferedC．done D．received10．A.jump B．playC．enjoy D．lay11．A.failed B．successfulC．fantastic D．painful12．A.strong B．tinyC．thin D．weak13．A.get it B．put itC．try it D．make it14．A.controlled B．possessedC．broke D．grasped15．A.example B．teachingC．lesson D．instruction16．A.anxious B．nervousC．fearful D．afraid17．A.situations B．opportunitiesC．times D．turns18．A.after all B．above allC．first of all D．in all19．A.do B．finishC．go D．work20．A.worthy B．costlyC．valuable D．interestingⅡ.阅读理解Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”．In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine andbeer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh.At that time, it was believed that food and drinks went “bad” because of a purely chemical process (变化过程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms(微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer, the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母)that caused the fermentation(发酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air，and that they would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows' milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle－fed babies dying from infant diarrhea(婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. Thissimple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.1．Pasteur became______in 1854.A．the chairperson of the science department at the University of LilleB．the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of LilleC．the general manager of a large beer-making companyD．the president of the University of Lille2．According to the passage，Lille was a major center for_____in the mid-19th century.A．growing grain cropsB．making beer and wineC．doing chemical researchD．producing various kinds of yeasts3．In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to____.A．wine and beer B. food and drinksC．the various yeasts D．other organisms4．We can infer from the passage that Pasteur's discovery____.A．is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food productsB．did not bring much profit to the wine-makers in LilleC．has done a lot of good to children in the worldD．has greatly reduced the number of wars in the worldⅢ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Unit 1 Great Scientists课时作业新人教版必修5Ⅰ. 阅读理解Linus Pauling, the only person who has won two undivided NobelPrizes, was born in Portland, Oregon. He attended Washington HighSchool but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive hisdiploma until 1962, long after he had received his Bachelor’sdegree in chemical engineering from Oregon State College in 1922.He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good jobwith it.He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his researchinto the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substances. His interest in the“behavior”of molecules(分子)led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry, especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts, the amino acids(氨基酸), which are called the“building blocks of life”. In 1950, he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule, a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.During Wo rld WarⅡ, Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security, for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However, the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules, he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.From then on, Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bombs and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts, The Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones, came into effect on October 10, 1963, the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Linus Pauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。
Unit 1 Great scientists课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·石家庄模拟D)Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and helps them remember to take their medicine.That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence，Rhode Island.The researchers received a $ 3－million－dollar award from the National Science Foundation for a special project.They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence，or A．I.，to Hasbro's “Joy for All” robotic.The cat has already been for sale for two years.Though priced over 1000 dollars，it sold quite well.It was meant to act as a “companion” for older people.Now the project is aimed at developing additional abilities for the cat.Researchers at Brown's Humanity－Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most.They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well.Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or visit their doctor.They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliott.Her 93－year－old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown.Derr has dementia (痴呆)．The Joy for All cat that Elliott bought this year has become a true companion for Derr.The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elliott is at work.Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate.They say that they do not want a talking cat，however.Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message.In the end，they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them.By doing so，the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings ofloneliness and sadness among elderly people.【语篇解读】本文介绍新型的人工智能机器猫。
Unit 1 Great Scientists第一节、语法填空 (2015·辽宁大连市高三双基测试卷)In your daily life, there are many examples where your parents control hundreds1_____ things for you when you are a kid, such as the clothes you wear, the foodyou eat, where you go and how you get there. It is a good thing. Kids need this kindof 2______ (protect) and help because they are not old enough to take care of3_________ and make decisions 4_________(correct). But with you growing5________(old), the part of being a teen is developing your own identity —one that6________(separate) from your parents’. Different attitudes towards events likepartying may lead to arguments, because your parents will always want to protectyou and keep you safe, no matter how old you are. As 7________ result, your parentsfeel it hard to get used to the new situation with 8__________ (increase) anxiety.What kids should keep in mind is 9_________ in most cases, your parents can relateto what you’re going through because they 10_________ (be) teens once.第二节、短文改错Daniel , a Hong Kong engineer , wants to be a pilot when he was at school. Sohis eyesightwas not good enough. He became a engineer instead and spent most of his time studycardesign. When he was a teenager, he used to read a lot of pictures books. Once he saw pictures of vehicles could climb up the sides of buildings. He madeup hermind to design a better vehicle. This vehicle could travel over the roughest places,where noanother vehicle could go. Now, after many years of hard work, assisting by a groupof volunteers,his dream has been come true. He has designed a wonderful car called the MountainGoat .第三节、七选五People often say you never get a second chance to make a first impression , and that's actually quite true. 1 After all, making a good first impression is all about making others feel good when spending time with them. The following tips will help you make a positive impression every time.● Dress appropriately2 That means dressing up or putting on nice, clean,situation-appropriate clothes for social situations. It isn't difficult and it doesn't have to cost you much, either．● Be aware of your body languageWords express very little of what you say. Body language can tell someonea lot about your mood and confidence level. 3 Eye contact is an easy wayto make others feel comfortable, important and special. Nervous body language can make others uncomfortable and anxious. Try to be aware of your body language when communicating with others.● Respect t he opinions of othersNot everyone will have the same opinion with you, and friendly disagreements can be a gateway to a great conversation. Respect other people's right to have their own opinion. Respect the opinions of others even if you disagree with them. 4● 5People love talking about themselves, but generally, you want to be carefulof taking over the conversation. By listening carefully to what others are saying, you are not only making them feel important, but you can gather cues you need to keep the conversation going and bridge to new topics．A. Be a careful listener.B. Show an interest in every person you meet.C. Smile especially when first meeting someone.D. Make sure you look nice whenever you meet someone new.E. Meeting new people and starting conversations is often challenging.F. Others will want to be with you and help you make a good impression.G. Don't force others to believe what you believe or to see things only as you see them.1. ___________2. ____________3. ____________4. ____________5._____________第四节、阅读理解（2015安徽卷）As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the computer. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆).”According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories: that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.64. The passage begins with two questions to__________.A. introduce the main topicB. show the autho r’s attitudeC. describe how to use the InternetD. explain how to store information65. What can we learn about the first experiment?A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.C. The first group did not try to understand the information.D. The second group did not understand the information.66. In transactive memory, people_________.A. keep the information in mindB. change the quantity of informationC. organize information like a computerD. remember how to find the information67. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research?A. We are using memory differently.B. We are becoming more intelligent.C. We have poorer memories than before.D. We need a better way to access information.。
Unit 1 单元综合AWashington, D. C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D. C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability- and the cherry blossoms —disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D. C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D. CDuration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D. C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D. C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.1.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D. C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.2.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.3.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allowshoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable。
Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we’re getting bored(bore)．2．Tim’s puzzled(puzzle) expression suggested tha t he didn’t understand what they had said.3．The yoga club, opened(open) last month in our school, is popular among women teachers.4．He will never forget the hard time spent(spend) with his wife.5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested(interest) in planting vegetables in their garden.6．We all felt excited(excite) that Wu Dajing won the first gold medal for our country at the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics.7．(2016·浙江卷6月)To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.8．Mr. Brown’s room, filled(fill) with all kinds of books, looks as if it is a small library.9．To tell the truth, you must make every effort to improve your spoken(speak) English.10．We were disappointed at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too disappointing．(disappoint)Ⅱ阅读理解AMany teenagers play sports or go out with friends in their spare time. However, Amalia Tobias is different because she spends her free time helping others.A few years ago, Amal ia started the “Family Promise Club”. The group belongs to Family Promise, a national organization that calls on volunteers to offer care to the homeless. After volunteering for several years, Amalia found that Family Promise guests are not much different than her own family.Amalia thought young people could make a positive difference. She brought a few of her friends to volunteer at Family Promise. There, the teens played with the children and read books to them. The teens also helped serve the meals that had been given by others. One of Amalia’s friends described it as the most unforgettable experience he had ever had.This inspired Amalia to start the Family Promise Club. Amalia saw that her friends were happy after they volunteered because it gave them a sense of community.Rachel Isralowitz, another student member of the club, remembered her firsttime volunteering. She said, “The kids seemed to be enjoying themselves a lot. I was also very happy afterwards because there was lots of fun.”Still, Amalia knew that starting the new club was a risk.“What if no one else comes besidesme and my friends？” she wondered. At the first meeting, Amalia told the other students, “A Family Promise guest may be in an unfortunate position, but that do esn’t mean that he or she is any less of a person than we are.” Amalia was happy to see that students in all grades take an active part in the club.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
Great scientists 课时作业(四)I．完形填空To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must beable to 1 the attention and interest of your students, you must be a 2 speaker,with a good, strong, 3 voice which is fully under your control; and you must be ableto 4 what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.5 a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still6 his class: hestands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his 7 , hands and fingersto help him in his explanation, and his face to express feeling. Listen to him ,and you will 8 the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice alwayschanging according to what he is 9 about The fact that a good teacher has some ofthe gifts of a good actor doesn't 10 that he will indeed be able to act 11 on thestage, for there are very important 12 between the teacher's work and theactor's. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeatexactly the 13 words each time he plays a certain part,14 his movements and the way in which he uses his voice are usually 15before hand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actionsseem 16 on the stage.A good teacher 17 in quite a different way. His students take an active partin his 18 : they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don't obeysomething, they will say no. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needsof the students. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must 19 it as he goes along.I have known many teachers who were fine 20 in class but unable to take part in astage play because their brains wouldn't keep discipline (规定): they could not keepstrictly to what another had written.1. A. pay B. hold C. giveD. know2. A. clear B. slow C. quickD. loud3. A. frightening B. fearing C. excitingD. pleasing4. A. act B. talk C. sayD. repeat5. A. Listen B. Look C. Watch D.Observe6. A. for B. before C. behind D.with7. A. tongue B. words C. legsD. arms8. A. hear B. see C. thinkD. guess9. A. talking B. thinking C. hearingD. listening10. A. tell B. express C. show D.mean11. A. seriously B. badly C. wellD. actively12. A. things B. differences C. pointsD. jobs13. A. different B. same C. aboveD. following14. A. just B. never C. everD. even15. A. read B. known C. fixedD. written16. A. natural B. real C. trueD. clear17. A. is B. works C. has D.teaches18. A. group B. party C. classD. play19. A. invent B. discover C. teachD. continue20. A. speakers B. watchers C. actorsD. listenersⅡ．阅读理解AOnce Wilhelm K. Roentgen and several other scientists were experimenting withpassing electric currents through certain gases in a special glass tube from whichthe air had been taken away. Then one day Roentgen noticed that though when the tubewas covered with black paper, some strange kinds of radiation was coming throughand making a screen nearby glow. Roentgen could not see anything out of the tube,but then he discovered that if he put the screen in the next room on the other sideof the closed door, the rays still seemed to affect it . The glowing screen showedthat the rays could pass not only through the black paper but also through wood.The next thing he found out was that if he put his hands between the rays anda photographic plate (感光板),the rays would print a shadow of the bone framework( 骨架 ) of his hands on the plate. In fact, the rays could pass as easily throughthe fleshy part of his hand as through the black paper, but hardly at all throughthe bone. So Roentgen made the first X-ray picture of a hand showing just how thebones in the hand fitted together.Roentgen called this unknown rays X-rays, but other scientists called themRoentgens rays in honor of the man who first found them.21. Roentgen discovered X-rays________.A. by working hardB. by chanceC. by doing experiment after experimentD. with the help of several other scientists22. What was in the special glass tube?A. Air.B. Nothing.C. Nothing but gases.D. None of the above.23. We may conclude that the rays Roentgen found were________.A. dangerousB. invisibleC. colorfulD. poisonous24. What could X-rays hardly pass through?A. Wood.B. Glass.C. Bones.D. Black paper.BLooking back on my childhood, I realize that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon gave up their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the unclear memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist I have a strong love of the natural world and my eagerness has led me into varied studies and research. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my sensible mind. Suddenly you imagine you see the answer to the puzzling question, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.But curiously, a sharp eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant worlds do not make a scientist; one of the best-known and important qualities required is self-training, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both.25. The first paragraph tells us the author_______.A. was interested in flowers and insects in his childhoodB. lost his hearing when he was a childC. didn't like his brothers and sistersD. was born in a naturalist's family26. The author can't remember his relatives clearly because________.A. he didn't live very long with themB. the family was extremely largeC. he was too young when he lived with themD. he was fully busy with observing nature27. It can be inferred from the passage that the author was________.A. a scientist as well as a naturalistB. a naturalist as well as a scientistC. no more than a born naturalistD. first of all a scientist28. The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks heA. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticB. lacks some of the qualities required of a scientistC. just reads about other people's observations and discoveriesD. comes up with answers in a most natural wayCDr. Harvey Gates, the noted scientist, might never have discovered the Kamron Lizard in Blovia, if it had not been for a childhood accident. As a youngster he was determined to become a baseball player, but when he broke his arm in practice at the age of fourteen and was forced to stay off the playing field for a while. He took notice of the natural world around him and liked what he saw.After the cast had been taken off his arm, he caught a squirrel and raised it as a pet . Soon he was bringing home snakes and other creatures from the woods near his school.In 1962, he entered Blakeford College and majored in biology. By 1966 he had received his Bachelor of Science degree and two years later at Drysdale University, he received his Doctor of Science degree.It was while he was doing field research for his doctoral dissertation in South America in 1967 that he discovered and named the Kamron Lizard. This reptile was distinguished from others of its kind by the fact that it had only four toes on its front feet . In other respects, it was similar to others of the same family. It could change its color and go for long periods without food.Dr. Gates received his appointment as a professor at the University of Huntsford in 1970.29. Before breaking his arm, Dr. Gates_______.A. had little interest in biologyB. began to lose interest in biologyC. enjoyed both baseball and biologyD. had a growing interest in biology30. Dr. Gates received________.A. his first degree in 1962B. his second degree in 1966C. his highest degree in 1968D. his doctor's degree in 197031. Dr. Gates discovered the Kamron Lizard_____.A. just after he received his doctor's degreeB. while he was preparing his doctoral dissertationC. at the time he was studying at Blakeford CollegeD. after he graduated from Drysdale University32. Which of the following is NOT listed as characteristic of the Kamron Lizard?A. It possesses four toes on its front feet.B. It can live a long while without eating.C. It may go for weeks without drinking.D. It is capable of altering its color.延伸探究题I.完形填空Dear editor,One day last month after I received my salary, I went shopping with my littleson. 1 in the补缺crowded store, I had my wallet stolen. And my whole salarywas 2 with it .I was so angry that I almost lost 3 of myself. What 4 I do?We were not very rich. The money was really not a 5 sum 6 myfamily, it would affect our life greatly. How could I tell my wife?I felt very sad and even 7 for losing the money when I got back home. To make8 for my unforgivable mistake, I 9 all my strength to give our house a thoroughcleaning and then prepared a wonderful meal and cooked a special dish my wife lovedto please her.When she came home, I 10 a smile to 11 her. She was surprised to see the neathouse and delicious meat We sat 12 the table and began to eat. I told my story 13 .She did not respond. It was as if she had not heard my words."I've lost my salary, "I murmured to her again"I 14 . "She did not shout at me as I had expected. She did not lose her 15 .16 I was afraid she was trying hard to 17 her anger.A moment later, my wife was still silent and seemed to be 18 her favourite dish.At last I could not help asking, "I've lost the money. Why not shout at me?"She raised her eyes, looking at me and 19 , "Oh, on the contrary, I'm thinkingabout 20 to comfort you. It's the thief who is to blame. "1. A. Fortunately B. Unfortunately C. HoweverD. Surprisingly2. A. missing B. away C. lostD. gone3. A. control B. temper C. interestD. patience4. A. need B. might C. wouldD. could5. A. large B. little C. smallD. tiny6. A. to B. for C. withD. against7. A. worried B. upset C. guiltyD. ashamed8. A. up B. into C. clearD. sure9. A. collected B. gathered C. carriedD. encouraged10. A. made B. pretended C. forcedD. gave11. A. meet B. receive C. greet D.accepted12. A. by B. at C. onD. near13. A. nervously B. gladly C. worriedlyD. calmly14. A. listen B. comfort C. thinkD. see15. A. way B. temper C. interestD. control16. A. And B. But C. SoD. Or17. A. hide B. express C. takeD. show18. A. having B. enjoying C. usingD. preparing19. A. said B. saying C. sayD. to say20. A. what B. whether C. why D.howⅡ．阅读理解AThe French writer Honore de Balzac is known around the world for the novels andshorter works of fiction that he collected under the general title The Human Comedy.His ambition (eagerness) in this great work was to describe all of French society.Balzac was born on May 20,1799, in Tours, where his father was a civil servant.At the age of 8, he was sent to a boarding school. He was an undisciplined child,and he was often sent to detention, or kept in. He looked on this punishment as ablessing in disguise (因祸得福) because it gave him all the time he wanted to read.When his family moved to Paris in 1814, he went to school there.For a while Balzac studied law, but he had no taste for legal work. He wantedto write plays, but his first play, Gromwell (1819), was a failure. He turned towriting sensational (神圣地) novels under various pen names. Realizing that he wouldnever make his fortune this way, he went into business as a publisher and later asa printer. But he earned only debts.In 1829, Balzac started the novels that made him famous. Some were fantastic,like the Wild ass's Skin (1831). This novel tells how a young man acquires a magicpiece of leather that grants (允许) his every wish but shrinks a little every timehe uses it. He knows he will die when the leather has shrunk to nothing. Others wererealistic, like Eugenie (Garnet) (1833) , the story of a miser who loves his goldmore than his daughter.Balzac lived extravagantly (奢侈地) , and he was always in debt. His many women friends inspired the sensitive portraits of women in his novels. Just before his death , he married a Polish Countess(女伯爵) .Eveline Hanska.Balzac worked as intensely (紧张的) as he lived . By writing as much as 16 hours a day , he published over 80 titles between 1829 and 1847. This great labor brought on a serious illness before he was able to complete The Human Comedy. But when he died in Paris on August 18,1850, he left a vivid record of his time.21. The world knows Balzac because of________.A. his great work The Human Comedy.B. his collection of novels and short storiesC. his description of the French societyD. his hard work22. When Balzac was at school, ________.A. he was often praised by his teachersB. he often broke the school rulesC. he did some reading in his spare timeD. his family moved to Paris23. The word "detention" in the second paragraph suggests________.A. preventing from leaving after schoolB. headmaster's or teacher's officeC. being stopped going to classesD. a room used for punishing students24. Before Balzac was thirty, ________.A. he had come to be famousB. he had some interest in lawsC. he never made his fortuneD. he was in great debtBWhen you are working at a job, it is important to be a "team player". A team player is one who works well with the other people on the job. Employers look for people who can get along with other employees and still get the job done.There are many things you can do to be a good team player. By recognizing people's differences in gender, age or culture, you show them that you respect them. Adding to other team members' ideas to improve it lets them know that your think their ideas are good.When working with others, be willing to compromise(妥协). Come up with a way to solve the problem instead of demanding that your idea is used. Try to understand and add to the goals and mission(使命)of your team.Show devotion to your team and show that you are committed to (忠于) the team's growth and improvement. Help to develop and meet the team's needs in the future.Find a way to work in different conditions. Be able to adapt to (调整以适应) change within the work settings. Be responsible in accepting new work methods.Following these suggestions will help you become a better team member and willhelp achieve better results on the job. 25. A team player________.A. seldom gets along well with the other people on the jobB. regards himself/herself as the most important person on the jobC. thinks everyone on the job is useful and importantD. is someone who can play basketball or football26. The underlined word "gender" is closest in meaning to________.A. sexB. nationalityC. heightD. appearance27. To be a team player, you must________.A. always stick to your ideaB. always agree with the others' ideasC. work harder than anyone elseD. put the team's interests before your own28. This passage is mainly about________.A. the importance of being a team playerB. how to be a team playerC. how to be a popular personD. employer-employee relationships。
