现代大学英语精读5_第1.2.3.5课后paraphrase和翻译答案

Lesson 1Paraphrase1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).6. …the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity.This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8. …when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.... when the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of money a person has is done away with.9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination. Lesson twoParaphrase1. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.2.I imagined myself as different types of prodigy, trying to find out which one suited me the best.3.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.I had new thoughts, which were filled with a strong spirit of disobedience and rebellion.3. The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way.4. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last.When I said those words, I felt that some very nasty thoughts had got out of my chest and so I felt scared. But at the same time I felt good, relieved, because those nasty things had been suppressed in my heart for some time and they had got out at last.5. And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where hex self-control wouldcollapse, and wanted to see what my mother would do when the lost complete control of herself.6. The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery and her dreams.Lesson threeParaphrase1. Yet globalization…“is a reality, not a choice”. (Para. 2)Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. (Para. 5)Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign "cultural assault".3. …where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for theupper hand. (Para. 5)... in China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been struggling for dominance.4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers hat work. (Para. 6)The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences.5. Westernization…is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. (Para. 7)... westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very different backgrounds or views.6. You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye. (Para. 10)In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you do not need to be fashionable yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.7. He…was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones. (Para. 19)He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet with people living in different time zones, thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000. (Para. 22)The Gucci store did not expert that in the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai business could be so good.9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture. (Para. 29)From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my study of global cultures as globalization, to guide me through such a variety of cultural phenomena..10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal. (Para.39)The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by all.Lesson fourParaphrase1. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. (Para. 1)If you want to be a musician or a painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to be a writer, you don't need all this.2. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing. (Para. 3)Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing.3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. (Para. 3)Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with ail my power.4. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women. (Para. 5)It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women,5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to writea book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against. (Para.6)It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body and passions.6. Even when the path is nominally open — when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant —there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way. (Para. 7)Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and obstacles impeding a woman's progress.7. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men. (Para. 7)(Through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort,) you have gained a position or certain freedom in a society that has been up to now dominated by men.Lesson71. It took me a long time to get rid of illusions and realize the simple and apparent truththat I am nobody but myself. It was a painful process. I started with high expectations only to be deeply disappointed and thoroughly disillusioned.2. I am perfectly normal physically and I am a natural product of history; my growthreflects history. When things seemed likely to happen to me, other things had been equal (or unequal) eighty-five years ago.3. About 85 years ago, they were told that they were freed from slavery and becameunited with the white people in all the essential things having to do with the common interests of our country, but in social life the blacks and whites still remain separated.4. In these days before I realized I was an invisible man, I imagined that I wouldbecome a successful man like Booker T. Washington.5. On the one hand, I felt embarrassed that i wanted to run away from the ballroom. Onthe other hand, I took pity on the girl and so wanted to protect the naked girl from the eyes of the other men, I wanted to love her tenderly because she was anattractive girl, but at the same time I wanted to destroy her because after all she was the immediate cause of our embarrassment6. If I should try my best and win the fight, then 1 would be winning against the bet ofthat white man, who shouted "I got my money on the big boy." In that case I would not behave with humility, and yet my speech talked about humility as the essence of success. So maybe I should let that big boy win without putting up resistance, for this was time for me to show humility.7. Make full use of what you have and do the best you can. Take this attitude in makingfriends in every honorable way, making friends with people of different races among whom we live.8. You were not trying to seem clever in a disrespectful way, were you, boy? We intendto do the right thing by setting you up as role model, but you must never forget who you are.Lesson 81. I knew that Oppenheimer was a man of great talent but his way of showing his talentat my seminars caused uneasiness and resentment among people, especially among his fellow students.2. Since those attending the conference were people devoted to poetry, such an anecdote,though interesting, might not be appreciated by the audience.3. There were two reasons for my going to the conference set against the reasons for mynot going and they became decisive in my final decision.4. According to my view, Spender belongs to the group whose writings about their lives,experiences, that is whose autobiographies, are more interesting than their literary works.5. Like Dirac, Auden was outstanding in clarity. He was also outstanding in thepowerful use of the language and the sense of fun about serious issues. All these greatly fascinated me.6. Spender’s record of his visit is interesting not only because of the things he mentionsbut also because of the things he does not say.7. In his book, Spender fails to give a connected, complete picture of Oppenheimer anddoes not mention that Oppenheimer’s background and situation has quite a lot to do with Spender.8. The real person looked much better than the pictures.9. Maybe one should not attach too much importance to appearance.10. He had live longer than any of his more famous friends but traces or influences ofthese friends, especially those of Auden, could still be found on him.Lesson 91. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think,is where Creation was begun.The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than ofsurvival, and they never understood the grim,unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry.The Kiowas often fought, just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra land or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U. S.Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for She was born eight or ten years after the event.4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.5. They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground. Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on football, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6. From one point of view, their migration was the fruits of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world.In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log,for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.7. The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and they were bent and blind in the wilderness.Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.8. Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind.The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass.This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in their view.They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not wants to lose sight of the mountains so soon.10. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all merely custom and company.I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room she seemed beyond the reach of time.But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless(what she represented would last forever).12. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude.On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk amongthemselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and also a reward for their servitude.。

Lesson 11. A white lie is better than a black lie.一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。

2.To upset this cultural homicide, the Negro must rise up with an affirmation of his ownOlympian manhood.为了挫败各种蓄意培植的低人一等的心态，黑人必须直起腰来宣布自己高贵的人格。

3.…with a spirit straining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must throw off the manacles ofself-abnegation…黑人必须一种竭尽全力自尊自重的精神，大胆抛弃自我克制的枷锁。

4.What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and lovewithout power is sentimental and anemic.必须懂得没有爱的权利是毫无节制的、易被滥用的，而没有权利的爱则是多愁善感、脆弱无力的。

5.It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes themajor crisis of our times.正是这种邪恶的权利和没有权势的道义的冲突构成了我们时代的主要危机。

6.Now early in this century this proposal would have been greeted with ridicule anddenunciation, as destructive of initiative and responsibility.在本世纪之初，这种建议会受到嘲笑和谴责，认为它对主动性和责任感其负面作用。

大学英语精读第5册和第6册全文课文翻译A Kind of SermonIt is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood. Students are naturally surprised and disappointed to discover that a process which ought to become simpler does not appear to do so.It may not seem much consolation to point out that the teacher, too, becomes frustrated when his efforts appear to produce less obvious results. He finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in putting everything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks. He sees them struggling because the language they thought they一番说教一旦在掌握了英语基本结构和句型之后，再往下学习似乎变得越来越困难了；这其中的原因，也许老师比学生更容易理解。

现代大学英语精读5,第3.5课后paraphrase和翻译答案Lesson 31.Yet globalization… “is a reality, not a choice”.Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is alreadya matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.2.Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties.Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault”.3.…where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the uppe rhand……in China, the two trends of closed—door and open—door policies have long been struggling for dominance.4.Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will haveshowers that work.The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences.5.Westernization… is a phenomenon shot with inconsistencies and populated byvery strange bedfellows.…westernization is a concept full of self—contradiction and held by people of very different backgrounds or views.6.You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye.In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you do notneed to be fashionable yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.7.He… was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones.He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet with people living in different time zones, thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.8.In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising ＄100,000.The Gucci store did not expect that in the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai business could be so good.9.Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide methrough the wilds of global culture.From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my study of global cultures as globalization, to guide me through such a variety of cultural phenomena.10.The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal.The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by all.Lesson 31.Today we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures, a tectonic shiftof habits and dreams called, in the curious vocabulary of social scientists, “globalization”.今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛，一种习俗与追求的结构性变化，用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化，就叫“全球化”。

Lesson 1Paraphrase1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).6. …the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity.This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8. …when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.... when the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of moneya person has is done away with.9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven. 10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination.Lesson twoParaphrase1. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.2.I imagined myself as different types of prodigy, trying to find out which one suited me the best.3.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.I had new thoughts, which were filled with a strong spirit of disobedience and rebellion.3. The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way.4. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last. When I said those words, I felt that some very nasty thoughts had got out of my chest and so I felt scared. But at the same time I felt good, relieved, because those nasty things had been suppressed in my heart for some time and they had got out at last.5. And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where hex self-controlwould collapse, and wanted to see what my mother would do when the lost complete control of herself.6. The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery and her dreams.Lesson threeParaphrase1. Yet globalization…“is a reality, not a choice”. (Para. 2)Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. (Para. 5) Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign "cultural assault".3. …where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand. (Para. 5)... in China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been struggling for dominance.4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers hat work. (Para. 6)The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences.5. Westernization… is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. (Para. 7)... westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very different backgrounds or views.6. You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye. (Para.10)In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you do not need to be fashionable yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.7. He…was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones. (Para.19)He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet with people living in different time zones, thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000. (Para. 22)The Gucci store did not expert that in the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai business could be so good.9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture. (Para. 29)From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my study of global cultures as globalization, to guide me through such a variety of cultural phenomena..10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal. (Para. 39)The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by all.Lesson fourParaphrase1. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. (Para. 1)If you want to be a musician or a painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to be a writer, you don't need all this.2. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing. (Para. 3) Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing.3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. (Para. 3) Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with ail my power.4. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women. (Para. 5)It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women,5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against. (Para. 6)It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body and passions.6. Even when the path is nominally open —when there is nothing to preventa woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant — there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way. (Para. 7) Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and obstacles impeding a woman's progress.7. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men. (Para. 7)(Through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort,) you have gained a position or certain freedom in a society that has been up to now dominated by men.Lesson71. It took me a long time to get rid of illusions and realize the simpleand apparent truth that I am nobody but myself. It was a painful process.I started with high expectations only to be deeply disappointed andthoroughly disillusioned.2. I am perfectly normal physically and I am a natural product of history;my growth reflects history. When things seemed likely to happen to me,other things had been equal (or unequal) eighty-five years ago.3. About 85 years ago, they were told that they were freed from slaveryand became united with the white people in all the essential thingshaving to do with the common interests of our country, but in sociallife the blacks and whites still remain separated.4. In these days before I realized I was an invisible man, I imagined thatI would become a successful man like Booker T. Washington.5. On the one hand, I felt embarrassed that i wanted to run away from theballroom. On the other hand, I took pity on the girl and so wanted toprotect the naked girl from the eyes of the other men, I wanted to loveher tenderly because she was an attractive girl, but at the same timeI wanted to destroy her because after all she was the immediate causeof our embarrassment6. If I should try my best and win the fight, then 1 would be winning againstthe bet of that white man, who shouted "I got my money on the big boy."In that case I would not behave with humility, and yet my speech talkedabout humility as the essence of success. So maybe I should let thatbig boy win without putting up resistance, for this was time for me toshow humility.7. Make full use of what you have and do the best you can. Take this attitudein making friends in every honorable way, making friends with peopleof different races among whom we live.8. You were not trying to seem clever in a disrespectful way, were you,boy? We intend to do the right thing by setting you up as role model,but you must never forget who you are.Lesson 81. I knew that Oppenheimer was a man of great talent but his way of showinghis talent at my seminars caused uneasiness and resentment among people,especially among his fellow students.2. Since those attending the conference were people devoted to poetry, suchan anecdote, though interesting, might not be appreciated by theaudience.3. There were two reasons for my going to the conference set against thereasons for my not going and they became decisive in my final decision.4. According to my view, Spender belongs to the group whose writings abouttheir lives, experiences, that is whose autobiographies, are moreinteresting than their literary works.5. Like Dirac, Auden was outstanding in clarity. He was also outstandingin the powerful use of the language and the sense of fun about seriousissues. All these greatly fascinated me.6. Spender’s record of his visit is interesting not only because of thethings he mentions but also because of the things he does not say.7. In his book, Spender fails to give a connected, complete picture ofOppenheimer and does not mention that Oppenheimer’s background and situation has quite a lot to do with Spender.8. The real person looked much better than the pictures.9. Maybe one should not attach too much importance to appearance.10. He had live longer than any of his more famous friends but traces orinfluences of these friends, especially those of Auden, could still be found on him.Lesson 91. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think,is where Creation was begun. The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival, and they never understood the grim,unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry.The Kiowas often fought, just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra land or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U. S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for She was born eight or ten years after the event.4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.5. They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground.Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on football, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6. From one point of view, their migration was the fruits of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world.In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log,for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.7. The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and they were bent and blind in the wilderness.Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.8. Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind.The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass.This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in their view.They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not wants to lose sight of the mountains so soon.10. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all merely custom and company.I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room she seemed beyond the reach of time.But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless(what she represented would last forever).12. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude.On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and also a reward for their servitude.。

Lesson 1Paraphrase1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy.It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free.4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was).6. …the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity.This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8. …when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.... when the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of money a person has is done away with.9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination. Lesson twoParaphrase1. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.2.I imagined myself as different types of prodigy, trying to find out which one suited me the best.3.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.I had new thoughts, which were filled with a strong spirit of disobedience and rebellion.3. The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way.4. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last.When I said those words, I felt that some very nasty thoughts had got out of my chest and so I felt scared. But at the same time I felt good, relieved, because those nasty things had been suppressed in my heart for some time and they had got out at last.5. And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where hex self-control wouldcollapse, and wanted to see what my mother would do when the lost complete control of herself.6. The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery and her dreams.Lesson threeParaphrase1. Yet globalization…“is a reality, not a choice”. (Para. 2)Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. (Para. 5)Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign "cultural assault".3. …where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for theupper hand. (Para. 5)... in China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been struggling for dominance.4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers hat work. (Para. 6)The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences.5. Westernization…is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. (Para. 7)... westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very different backgrounds or views.6. You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye. (Para. 10)In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you do not need to be fashionable yourself. All you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant.7. He…was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones. (Para. 19)He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet with people living in different time zones, thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000. (Para. 22)The Gucci store did not expert that in the first two weeks of its opening in Shanghai business could be so good.9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture. (Para. 29)From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my study of global cultures as globalization, to guide me through such a variety of cultural phenomena..10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal. (Para.39)The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by all.Lesson fourParaphrase1. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. (Para. 1)If you want to be a musician or a painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to be a writer, you don't need all this.2. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing. (Para. 3)Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing.3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. (Para. 3)Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with ail my power.4. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women. (Para. 5)It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women,5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to writea book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against. (Para.6)It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body and passions.6. Even when the path is nominally open — when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant —there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way. (Para. 7)Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and obstacles impeding a woman's progress.7. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men. (Para. 7)(Through fighting against the Angel in the House, through great labor and effort,) you have gained a position or certain freedom in a society that has been up to now dominated by men.Lesson71. It took me a long time to get rid of illusions and realize the simple and apparent truththat I am nobody but myself. It was a painful process. I started with high expectations only to be deeply disappointed and thoroughly disillusioned.2. I am perfectly normal physically and I am a natural product of history; my growthreflects history. When things seemed likely to happen to me, other things had been equal (or unequal) eighty-five years ago.3. About 85 years ago, they were told that they were freed from slavery and becameunited with the white people in all the essential things having to do with the common interests of our country, but in social life the blacks and whites still remain separated.4. In these days before I realized I was an invisible man, I imagined that I wouldbecome a successful man like Booker T. Washington.5. On the one hand, I felt embarrassed that i wanted to run away from the ballroom. Onthe other hand, I took pity on the girl and so wanted to protect the naked girl from the eyes of the other men, I wanted to love her tenderly because she was anattractive girl, but at the same time I wanted to destroy her because after all she was the immediate cause of our embarrassment6. If I should try my best and win the fight, then 1 would be winning against the bet ofthat white man, who shouted "I got my money on the big boy." In that case I would not behave with humility, and yet my speech talked about humility as the essence of success. So maybe I should let that big boy win without putting up resistance, for this was time for me to show humility.7. Make full use of what you have and do the best you can. Take this attitude in makingfriends in every honorable way, making friends with people of different races among whom we live.8. You were not trying to seem clever in a disrespectful way, were you, boy? We intendto do the right thing by setting you up as role model, but you must never forget who you are.Lesson 81. I knew that Oppenheimer was a man of great talent but his way of showing his talentat my seminars caused uneasiness and resentment among people, especially among his fellow students.2. Since those attending the conference were people devoted to poetry, such an anecdote,though interesting, might not be appreciated by the audience.3. There were two reasons for my going to the conference set against the reasons for mynot going and they became decisive in my final decision.4. According to my view, Spender belongs to the group whose writings about their lives,experiences, that is whose autobiographies, are more interesting than their literary works.5. Like Dirac, Auden was outstanding in clarity. He was also outstanding in thepowerful use of the language and the sense of fun about serious issues. All these greatly fascinated me.6. Spender’s record of his visit is interesting not only because of the things he mentionsbut also because of the things he does not say.7. In his book, Spender fails to give a connected, complete picture of Oppenheimer anddoes not mention that Oppenheimer’s background and situation has quite a lot to do with Spender.8. The real person looked much better than the pictures.9. Maybe one should not attach too much importance to appearance.10. He had live longer than any of his more famous friends but traces or influences ofthese friends, especially those of Auden, could still be found on him.Lesson 91. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think,is where Creation was begun.The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than ofsurvival, and they never understood the grim,unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry.The Kiowas often fought, just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra land or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U. S.Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for She was born eight or ten years after the event.4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.5. They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground. Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on football, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6. From one point of view, their migration was the fruits of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world.In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log,for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.7. The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and they were bent and blind in the wilderness.Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.8. Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind.The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass.This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in their view.They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not wants to lose sight of the mountains so soon.10. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all merely custom and company.I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room she seemed beyond the reach of time.But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless(what she represented would last forever).12. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude.On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk amongthemselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and also a reward for their servitude.。

现代大学英语译文及练习答案一、Where_do_we_go_from_here我们向何处去？马丁.路德.金1．为了回答“我们向何处去”这一问题，我们现在必须明确我们的现状。

当初拟定宪法时，一个不可思议的公式规定黑人在纳税和选举权方面只是一个完整人的60%。

如今又一个匪夷所思的公式似乎规定黑人只盂交纳一个人应交税的50%，只享受一个人应享受的选举权利的50%。

对于生活中的好事，黑人大约只享有白人所享受的一半；而生活中的不愉快，黑人却要承受白人所面对的两倍。

因此，所有黑人中有一半人住着低标准的住房。

并且黑人的收入只是白人的一半。

每当审视生活中的负面经历时，黑人总是占双倍的份额。

黑人无业者是白人的两倍。

黑人婴儿的死亡率是白人的两倍，从黑人所占的总人口比率上看，在越南死亡的黑人是白人的两倍。

2．其他领域也有同样惊人的数字。

在小学，黑人比白人落后一至三年，并且他们的被白人隔离的学校的学生人均所得到的补贴比白人的学校少得多。

20个上大学的学生中，只有一个是黑人。

在职的黑人中75%的人从事低收入、单凋乏味的非技术性工作。

3．这就是我们的现状。

我们的出路在哪里?首先，我们必须维护自己的尊严和价值。

我们必须与仍压迫我们的制度抗争，从而树立崇高的不可诋毁的价值观。

我们再不能因为是自已黑人而感到羞耻。

几百年来灌输黑人是卑微的、无足轻重的，因此要唤起他们做人的尊严绝非易事。

4．甚至语义学似乎也合谋把黑色的说成足丑陋的、卑劣的。

罗杰特分类词典中与黑色相关的词有120个，其中至少60个微词匿影藏形，例如。

污渍、煤烟、狰狞的、魔鬼和恶臭的。

而与白色相关的词约有134个，它们却毫无例外都褒嘉洋溢，诸如纯洁、洁净、贞洁和纯真此类词等。

白色的(善意的)谎言总比黑色的(恶意的)谎言要好。

家中最为人所不齿的人是“黑羊”，即败家子。

奥西．戴维斯曾建议或许应重造英语语言，从而教师将不再迫不得已因教黑人孩子60种方式蔑视自己而使他们继续怀有不应有的自卑感，因教白人孩子134种方式宠爱自己而使他们继续怀有不应有的优越感。

Unit 121. And truth is slippery, hard to establish.Truth is not easy to grasp and very difficult to prove.2. One of the more extraordinary truths about the soap opera that is the British royal…The scandals, sexual and other, involving members of the royal family, have in recent years outshone the television serials dealing with family problems. The most remarkable fact is that the characters of these individuals who are part of the scandals are largely invented by the British press.3. The creation of character is, in fact, rapidly becoming an essential…Actually, the portrayal of fictional characters has quickly become a most important device employed by the press.4. Willing drinking the poisoned chalice of fame……these people are pleased and content ed when they are in the limelight or in the newspaper headlines although such fame may be an ill omen.5. For a novelist to be thus rewritten is, I recognize, a case of the biter bit.I am aware of the fact that since I am a novelist and have used many different types of people as raw material for character creation, I myself being rewritten into someone unrecognizable to myself is a typical example of a person good at tricking others being tricked.6. In Britain, intrusion into the private lives of public figures have prompted……In Britain, as a result of exposure of private lives of famous people, certain groups of influential people have demanded the adoption of laws protecting privacy.7. But where the powerful can hide behind the law, might not a good deal……but if the illegal activities of those influential people could be kept unknown to the public as a result of privacy protection laws, it is possible that a lot of other illegal activities could also be covered up by such laws.8. Many special-interest groups, claiming the moral high ground, now demand…Many organized groups pursuing special policy goals which assert that they are morally superior to the rest of the rest of the population are now demanding that officials should be authorized to control the content of printed matters, TV programs and films.9. Religious extremists, these days demand respect for their attitudes with growing stridency. Those who hold fundamentalist religious beliefs have recently been making louder and louder demands that their conservative beliefs should be accepted without question.10. But now we are asked to agree that to dissent from those beliefs, to hold………but now we are expected to accept the view that if we express disagreement with those beliefs, if we think that those beliefs might be unsound or out of date or wrong, that they therefore could be debated, we are showing disrespect for their beliefs, we are going beyond the bounds of decent behavior.Unit 111. My father would bring the team down Fifth Avenue at a smart trot, flicking……My father caused the horses to move quickly down the road, hitting their hind part with a light,quick blow. The bells rang lightly and quickly, but not necessarily harmoniously, over the snow, which in turn threw back a brightness that was like the sound of bells.2. It always troubled me as a boy of eight that the horses had so indifferent a view…I was puzzled ad a little boy over the horses’ indifference towards their dead friend, whose hide had now turned into my father’s ove rcoat. It was hard for me to understand why the horses did not know or care that the overcoat came from the hide of their friend. And the same man had also put a metal bar in their mouths to control them.3. There would be an occasional brass-mounted automobile laboring on its narrow tires…On our way, from time to time, we would come across a car moving slowly and carefully over the packed snow. It had difficulty climbing up hills, which were slippery with the snow, so it was often pulled up by a horse. The clumsy automobile was out of place and the high ranking officials sitting inside it just wanted to show off.4. The body heat of many animals weighing a thousand pounds and more; pigs in…The smell of quite a number of big and strong animals was very strong. At the same time, since the barn was filled with animals, it was also warm. Pigs were uttering deep, gloomy, and sonorous sounds…5. It gave him a better appetite, he argued, than plain fresh air…With so much content and life in it, the rich odor of the barn appealed to my father much better than mild fresh air, which, according to him, was weak and lacked substance.6. And as my aunt hurried I could smell in her apron that freshest of all…My aunt had been baking some bread for the purpose of making the oven ready for the cooking of the meat. As she passed by, I could smell the most delightful of all smells –that of the freshly baked bread.7. For days after such an ordeal they could not endure biting into a parrot.During the confinement, since there was nothing for them to do or eat, they helped themselves freely to carrots, and now they were fed up with carrots.8. My aunt kept a turmoil of food circulating, and to refuse any of it…It was a state of confusion because various dishes were kept going. It would be against the holy purpose and elated mood of Christmas to refuse any food passed to you.9. The man sat there grimly enduring the glory of their appetite.The men overate themselves to such a degree that they could not move about and had to sit there, suffering from eating to the full capacity of their stomachs.10. Where already the crimson cardinals would be dropping out of the sky like blood.… the cardinals were deeply and vividly red, so when they swooped down on the feeder, they were like drops of blood out of the sky.Unit 101. We still remember that assassinated world as idyllic, secure…we will speak of it……In or memory , the pre-September 11 world was peaceful, happy and safe (overlooking the fact that this was not the case) and will talk about hose days with a feeling of deep respect and love which can only be found in talking about dead people.2. The spoils of war include some of our most cherished values and liberties.In order to win the war, we might have to give up some of the basic values and liberties wetreasure most. This might be the cost we have to pay.3. Who are attempting to colonize the future with their own repressive agenda.They are planning to carry out the plan of expanding the power of law enforcement agencies at home and of striking at the “axis of evil” abroad so as to extend American domination into areas originally beyond American reach, such as Central Asia. Hence, the colonization to the future. 4. Which assumes the public is thinking in red, white and blue……… Which takes for granted that people think in a simple and uniform way while actually the feelings, thoughts and views of the American people are as varied as America itself.5. We too are mired near the bottom of Maslow’s pyramid, struggling to regain……The terrorist attacks put us at the bottom of the hierarchy of human needs, trying hard to reestablish our confidence in physical safety, the lowest type of safety.6. It is something we associate with repressive regimes, not with participatory democracies. We are used to thinking that western democracies practice rule of law and individual rights and freedom are protected by law. Violation of individual rights and suppression of dissenting voices can only be found in repressive regimes.7. There was a relaxing of the rampant materialism, along with its ugly…..,People began to put less emphasis on the pursuit of wealth and possession of worldly goods. And the other two dangerous symptoms that went with materialism, that is physical separation from others and irrational behavior as a result of impulse also became less serious. Materialism, together with the accompanying symptoms of separation and compulsion, had been the cause of the ruin of community in this country.8. Discourages national introspection at a time when it would be most valuable.… At a time when it is highly important for Americans to look into ourselves and ask ourselves why “they hate us ”, this concept directs our attention and thinking away from such analysis.9. History is a gallery of unspeakable crimes.… History records many crimes committed by human beings which are so horrible that they defy description.10. We tend these images like poisonous flowers in a nightmare garden.In spite of the fact that these images are horrible images, images of large scale atrocity, we still take care to keep alive these images.Unit 91. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think, is where creation was begun.The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than……The Kiowas often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten…Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to an gold age.They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the greatest moment of their history.5. They acquired horses and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground. Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on foot, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6. From one point of view, their migration was the fruit of an old prophecy, for indeed……In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log, for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.7. The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and bent and blind…Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.8. Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach……The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass. This landscape makes one see far and broadens one’s horizon.9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land……They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First, they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not want to lose sight of the mountains so soon.10. I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all mere……I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of room she seemed beyond…In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seeded to be timeless (what she represented would last for ever).12. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation…On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revealed their position as servants of men and also a reward for their servitude.Unit 81. And I was conscious of his superiority in a way that was embarrassing and led to trouble.I knew that Oppenheimer was a man of great talent but his way of showing his talent at my seminars caused uneasiness and resentment among people, especially among his fellow students.2. This did not seem to be the sort of anecdote that would go over……Since those attending the conference were people devoted to poetry , such an anecdote, though interesting, might not be appreciated by the audience.3. Pitted against these excellent reasons for my not going to the conference…carried the day. There were two reasons for my going to the conference set against the reasons for my not going and they became decisive in my final decision.4. He is, for me, one of those people whose writing about their writing is more interesting…According to my view, Spender belongs to the group whose writings about their lives,experiences, that is whose autobiographies, are more interesting than their literary works.5. Auden’s Dirac-like lucidity, the sheer wonder of the language, and the sense of……Like Dirac, Auden was outstanding in clarity. He was also outstanding in the powerful use of the language and the sense of fun about serious issues. All these greatly fascinated me.6. Spender’s journal entry on his visit is fascinating both for what it says and what it does…Spender’s record of his visit is interesting not only because of the things he mentions but also because of the things he does not say.7. Oppenheimer appears in Spender’s journal as a disembodied figure…no relevance…In his book, Spender fails to give a connected, complete picture of Oppenheimer and does not mention that Oppenheimer’s background and situation has quite a lot to do with spender.8. The real thing was much better.The real person looked much better than the pictures.9. One probably should not read too much into appearance…Maybe one should not attach too much importance to appearance.10. He had outlived them all, but still under their shadow……He gad lived longer than any of his more famous friends but traces or influences of these friends, especially those of Auden, could still be found on him.Unit 71. It took me a long time and much painful boomeranging of my expectations….It took me a long time to get rid of illusions and realize the simple and apparent truth that I am nobody but myself. It was a painful process. I started with high expectations only to be deeply disappointed and thoroughly disillusioned.2. And yet I am no freak of nature, nor of history. I was in the cards, other things……I am perfectly normal physically, and I am a natural product of history, my growth reflects history. When things seemed likely to happen to me, other things had been equal (or unequal) 85 years ago.3. About eight-five years ago they were told that they were free, united with others…About 85 years ago, they were told tat they were freed from slavery and became united with the white people in all the essential things having to do with the common interests of our country, but in social life the blacks and whites still remain separated.4. In those pre-invisible days I visualized myself as a potential Book T. Washington.In those days before I realized I was an invisible man, I imagined that I would become a successful man like Booker T. Washington.5. I wanted at one and the same time to run from the room, to sink through the floor…On the one hand, I felt so embarrassed that I wanted to run away from the ballroom, on the other hand, I took pity on the girl and so wanted to protect the naked girl from the eyes of the other men. I wanted to love her tenderly because she was an attractive girl, but at the same timeI wanted to destroy her because after all she was the immediate cause of our embarrassment.6. Should I try to win against the voice out there? Would not this go against my speech…If I should try my best and win the fight, then I would be winning against the bet of that white man, who shouted “I got my money on the big boy. ” in that case I would not behave with humility, and yet my speech talked about humility as the essence of success. So maybe I shouldlet that big boy win without putting up resistance, for this was time for me to show humility. 7. Cast down your bucket where you are—cast it down in making friends in every……Make full use of what you have and do the best you can. Take this attitude in making friends in every honorable way, making friends with people of different races among whom we live.8. You were n’t being smart, were you, boy? We mean to do…You were not trying to seem clever in a disrespectful way, were you, boy? We intend to do the right thing by setting you up as orle model, but you must never forget who you are.Unit 61. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.The fact that we do not have evidence showing that there is life beyond Earth does not mean that we can come to the conclusion that there is actually no life beyond Earth.2. Examining them for the atmosphere signatures of a living world.…Examining these planets to see if the surrounding atmosphere can be identified as fitting for life.3. The optimists figure it’s only a matter of time before we tune in the right channel.Those who are optimistic think that as time goes on, they will someday get the signal sent out by an alien civilization.4. That’s what we need to begin the long process of putting human existence……Originally, we regard our world as the only one in the universe which is inhabited by intelligent humans, but we need to change our view and regard this world as one of many in the universe.5. True believers and skeptics rarely go over to the other side.Neither those who genuinely believe that space aliens are lurking in our midst nor those who firmly reject such an idea are likely to change their views and join the other side.6. The alien is a Hollywood stock character but not a Hollywood creation.The alien is a character used too much in Hollywood films so it has become hackneyed but the idea of extraterrestrial life was not first brought up by Hollywood.7. The absence of detectable life on Mars put exobiology into a two-decade funk.… The fact that no life had been detected on Mars was a terrible blow to exobiology which did not recover from the blow in the following 20 years.8. Everyone realized the historical glory of being right about these purposed……Everyone knew that if what appeared to be microfossils were confirmed to be such, then the discovery would be of historic significance, but if they proved to be something else, the adverse effect that followed would be equally dramatic.9. If you rewound the tape of terrestrial evolution and played it again……… if evolution on Earth were to take place a second time, a human being who is genetically similar to us would be the result of such evolution.10. So before we worry about our dealings with the Galactic Empire, we have some……Since there is so much work we need to do here in this world (since there are so many issues we need to address in this world), let us first concentrate on doing some solid research (on addressing these issues )and drop discussion about drafting messages to another civilization out there.Unit 51. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.I believe following passing crazes shows a complete lack of sound judgment.2. One afternoon I found Petey lying on his bed with an expression of such distress…One afternoon, when I went back to my dorm, Petey was lying on his bed. He wore such a depressed look that I came to the conclusion at once that he was suffering from appendicitis. 3. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.My brain, which is as precise as a chemist’s scales, began to work at high speed.4. She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not……She was beautiful and attractive enough to arouse the desires and passions of men, but I would not let feelings or emotions get the upper hand of reason or good sense.5. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt sure that time would supply the lack.She was not yet fully developed like pin up girls but I felt sure that, given time, she would fill up and become jut as glamorous.6. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction.In fact, she went in the opposite direction. This is a sarcastic way of saying that she was rather stupid.7. If you were out of the picture, the field would be open.If you are no longer involved with her (if you stop dating her) other would be free to compete for her friendship.8. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.His head turned back and forth (looking at the coat then looking away from the coat). Every time he looked, his desire for the coat grew stronger and his resolution not to give away Polly became weaker.9. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted…To teach her to think appeared to be a very big task, and at first I even thought of giving her back to Petey.10. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.There is a limit to what any human being can bear.Unit41. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna……are not needed by a writer.If you want to be musician or a painter, you must own a piano or hire models, and you have to visit or even live in cultural centers like Paris, Vienna and Berlin. And also you have to be taught by masters and mistresses. However, if you want to be a writer, you don't need all this. 2. She would have plucked the heart out of my writing.Those conventional attitudes would have taken away the most important part of my writing, the essence of my writing3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her……the inkpot and flung it at her.Thus, whenever I felt the influence of the Victorian attitudes on my writing, I fought back with all my power4. For though men sensibly allow themselves……condemn such freedom in women.It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions, but if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I don't believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think……a rock to be dashed against.It will take a long time for women to rid themselves of false values and attitudes and to overcome the obstacle to telling the truth about their body passions6. Even when the path is nominally open—when there is nothing to prevent a woman…Even when the path is open to women in name only, when outwardly there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, inwardly there are still false ideas and obstacles impeding a woman's progress.7. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men.You have gained a position or certain freedom in a society which has been up to now dominated by menUnit31. Yet globalization……is a reality, not a choice.Yet globalization is not something that you can accept or reject, it is already a matter of life which you will encounter and have to respond to every day.2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties.Political groups with broad support have come into being to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign" cultural assault"3. Where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand.In China, the two trends of closed-door and open-door policies have long been struggling for dominance4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers that work.The Chinese people should continue to live a backward life while we live comfortably with all modern conveniences5. Westernization…is a phenomenon shot with inconsistence and populated by bedfellows. Westernization is a concept full of self-contradiction and held by people of very different backgrounds or views6. You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye.In trying to find out what will be the future trend, you don't need to be fashionable yourself, all you need is awareness, that is to say, you need to be on the alert, to be observant7. He…was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones.He was moving around, playing a game through the Internet, with people living in different time zones, thus their activity on the computer broke down time zone limit.8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000.The Gucci store didn't expect the first two weeks of its opening in shanghai business could be so good9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through…From the very beginning I know I need some theory as guideline to help me in my study of global culture as globalization, to guide me through such a great variety of cultural phenomena 10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal.The way of showing repentance might be peculiar to the Jews, but the strong desire of gaining forgiveness from God is common, shared by allUnit21. I pictured this prodigy part of me as……each one on for size.I visualized what I would look like as different types of prodigy, trying to find out which onewould suit me best2. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts……filled with lots of won’ts.Some new thoughts occurred to me, thoughts that I intended deliberately to be a defiant girl, and I would say lots of "I won't ~~"to my mom.3. The girl had the sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was Shirley Temple like, slightly rude but in an amusing way.4. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things……awful side of me had surfaced, at last.As I blurted these words out, I felt that something nasty had got out of my chest, and so I felt disgusted. But at the same time, I felt good and relieved, because those nasty thoughts had been suppressed in my heart for a long time and now they had got out at last5. And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point. I wanted to see it spill out.I could feel that her anger had reached the point where she was at the very verge of losing herself-control, I wanted to see what my mother would do when she lost complete control of herself.6. The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it shut out the dust and also put an end to my misery and her dreams.Unit11.The job of arousing manhood within a people……is not easy.It is no easy job to educate a people who have been over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2.Psychological freedom……against long night of physical slavery.If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3. The Negro will only be free when he……assertive manhood his own emancipationproclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro themselves, only when a Negro is fully convinced that he/she is a man/woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can he/she throw off manacles of self-abnegation and become free.4. Power at its best is love……correcting everything that stands against love.Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and。

Vocabularythey they are are are forced forced forced to to to work work work by by by slave-drivers slave-drivers slave-drivers or or or because because because they they they need need need to to to work work work in in in order order order to to to be be be fed fed fed and and clothed. 8. …when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated. …when the unfair practice of judhing human value by the amount of money a person has irs done away with. 9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality. Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven. 10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds. Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination. Translation 1. A white lie is better than a black lie. 一个无关紧要的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。