2015届虹口区高三英语二模试卷及答案(官方版)

虹⼝区2015年英语⼆模试卷虹⼝区2015年英语学科中考练习题(满分150分)考⽣注意：本卷有7⼤题，共94⼩题。

试题均采⽤连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening (第⼀部分听⼒)I. Listening Comprehension(听⼒理解) (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图⽚) (共6分)A B C DE F G HB. Listen and choose the best answer (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当答案) (共8分)7. A) A journalist. B) A shop assistant.C) A tour guide. D) A secretary.8. A) Car Museum. B) History Museum.C) Art Museum. D) Science Museum.9. A) Two dollars. B) Four dollars.C) Six dollars. D) Ten dollars.10. A) At 10 a.m. B) At 11 a.m.C) At 9:30 p.m. D) At 10:30 a.m.11. A) At the zoo. B) At the cinema.C) At the post office. D) At the No. 2 bus stop.12. A) To buy a new table. B) To visit the woman soon.C) To repair the table. D) To apologize to the woman.13. A) Bob often comes late to his class. B) Bob is a new comer to the class.C) Bob had no class in the morning. D) Bob has told him the reason.14. A) He had geography last term. B) Geography isn’t his favourite.C) He always does well in geography. D) He has the right to choose subjects.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句⼦是否符合你听到的短⽂内容，符合的⽤“T”表⽰，不符合的⽤“F”表⽰) (共6分)15. The smallest post office in the USA has only one room with no clerks.16. The post offices in the USA are usually open from 8:30 to 4:30 on weekdays.17. The United States Postal Service is the largest company in the world.18. There are more than 40,000 post offices throughout the United States.19. The post offices in the United States deal with more mails than those in Japan.20. The passage mainly tells about the history of the post office in the United States.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短⽂，完成下列内容。

虹口区2014学年度第二学期高三英语3月分层练习(A卷)2015.3第 I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the airport. B. At the hotel. C. At the restaurant. D. At the railway station.2. A. Teacher. B. Writer. C. Reporter. D. Operator.3. A. On TV. B. On the Internet. C. From the newspaper. D. From a friend.4. A. He doesn’t th ink 15,000 dollars will be enough for such a trip.B. 15,000 dollars is only a small sum of money for him.C. He is fortunate to have made a lot of money.D. He can’t afford that much for a trip.5. A. Going to Mexico with the woman. B. Selling calendars in Mexico.C. Going home from Mexico.D. Going to Mexico on business.6. A. She can’t find time for exercise. B. She has nothing to do in the morning.C. She doesn’t know what exercise to take.D. She doesn’t want to take exercise.7. A. She thinks it is too expensive. B. She does not like the phone.C. She has already got one.D. She spent too much money on fashion.8. A. He wants to know how clever the woman is.B. There is something wrong with his hands.C. He can’t help the woman with her suitcase.D. He needs someone to help him with his suitcase.9. A. Tom was not allowed to watch television. B. Tom does like television.C. Tom bought an expensive watch.D. Tom should watch more television.10. A. He is always late for work. B. He is having some financial problem.C. He is not careful enough with his work.D. He loses his temper easily.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Fifteen inches. B. Two inches. C. Twenty-four inches. D. One foot.12. A. Near Denver. B. In Florida.C. Along the gulf coast.D. In the desert southwest.13. A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Cold. D. Warm.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Americans B. Organizations. C. Top officials. D. Terrorists.15. A. Because Jordan worked closely with America in the war against terrorism.B. Because Jordan is not far from America.C. Because Jordan was against the Iraqi War.D. Because Jordan likes to make friends with other countries.16. A. Because it is a very beautiful garden in the Middle East.B. Because some top officials resigned.C. Because its army is too weak.D. Because it might be attacked again.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do. More and more people live in towns and cities than on farms and in villages. Cities and states (25)______ (provide) services that city people want in the past decades, such as more police protection, more hospitals, and more schools. This means hiring more policemen, more nurses and technicians and more teachers. Advances in technology also change people’s lives. Dishwashers and washing machines do (26)______ has ever been done by hand. The widespread use of such electrical appliances means that there is a need (27)______ (keep) them running properly.People are earning higher wages and salaries now, (28)______ leads to changes in the way of life. As income increases, people may not want more food to eat or more clothes to wear. But they may want (29)______ (considerate) care from doctors, dentists and hospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want more education (30)______ ______ many more jobs are available in these services.The government also affects the kind of work people do. The governments of most countries spend huge sums of money (31)______ international defence. They hire thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on the many different aspects of defence.(B)The possibility that something bad will happen is a risk. Risk also can be defined as the degree of danger that goes along with (32)______ opportunity. All risks have possible negative results. However, some risks are worth (33)______ (take). For example, suppose that you have the chance to join a school team. You risk a possible injury while playing, but (34)______ (come) with being on the team, the sense of accomplishment can be gained. You may decide that the pleasure of playing is worth the risk of injury. By being in good health, you can also reduce the risk of physical injury.How can we determine the risk (35)______ (involve) in an action? Many risks that relate to health choices have been studied. Scientists use statistics (数据) to measure these risks.(36)______ it comes to statistics, it is a branch of mathematics that can determine thepossibility that something will occur. The information about the possibility (37)______ (call) statistical risk and can help you make healthy choices.For example, statistics indicate that in the United States the chance of dying from cancer is about 20 percent. In other words, two out of every ten deaths are due to some kind of cancer.(38)______, the risk of death from cancer is quite high. However, statistics also show that 80 percent of all cancers are related to things over which you have some control. In other words, you (39)______ as well make choices that will reduce your risk of developing cancer. These include such things as avoiding pollution, not smoking, and eating a diet high in fiber. If you do them on (40)______ own, you are less likely to develop cancer.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also some desert animals which can survive the summer heat and dryness because they are very 41 .Take the camel as an example. It can 42 and bear an increase in the temperature of its body and its blood of 9℃ without anything bad happening to it. In addition, it can drink a lot of water at one time; then store enough water in parts of its body to 43 its need for two weeks or more. The kangaroo rat, on the other hand, gets all the water it needs from water that it produces when it breathes.However, most animals need to 44 fairly normal body temperature, and will die if it rises more than 5℃. Therefore, they need to find some way to stay away from the heat of the summer sun. Nor can many animals either store or 45 water in their bodies, as the camel and kangaroo rat can. So they must find ways to keep their bodies from losing water on 46 of the heat.Since very few desert animals can survive the high temperature of a(n) 47 summer’s day, most of them are active only in the night. Only after the sun has set does the desert come fully to life. The night is relatively cool, and the darkness provides 48 not only from the sun, but also from other animals and from the birds. So the coming of darkness is the 49 for the large majority of animals and insects to start again their search for water and food. When morning comes, most of them seek 50 again: many go under ground; nearly all find some dark and cool places where they can k eep away from the sun’s heat.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Whether in the workplace or on the football field, or even among members of a community, effective teamwork can produce unbelievable results. 51 , working successfully as a team is not as easy as it may seem. Effective teamwork certainly does not just happen 52 ; it takes a great deal of hard work. There are a number of 53___ that must be in place to unite together as a team and work perfectly.Effective 54 is one of the most important elements of good teamwork. The team’s leader should possess the skills to create and maintain a positive environment and inspire the team members to take a positive approach to work and be highly 55 .56 is a decisive factor of all interpersonal interaction and especially that of a team. Team members must be able to 57 their feelings, express plans and goals, share ideas and see each other’s viewpoints.It is absolutely necessary for team members to understand what their 58 on the team is, what he or she is 59 for. The team leader can enable this by defining the purpose in a definite manner in the beginning of the formation of the team.60 will arise no matter how well a team functions together. The best way to resolve conflict is to have structured methods of conflict resolution. Team members should be able to voice their concerns without fear of 61 others. 62 avoiding conflict issues, a hands-on approach that resolves them quickly is much better. It is often advised that the team leader sit with the conflicting parties and help work out their differences without taking sides and trying to remain 63 if possible.The team leader must set 64 for good teamwork to come about. In order to keep team members positive and committed and motivated, the team leader herself or himself needs to exhibit these qualities. The team 65 the leader for support and guidance so any negativity on the leader’s part can be disastrous.51. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Similarly52. A. reasonably B. independently C. automatically D. distinctly53. A. ways B. factors C. attitudes D. shortcuts54. A. cooperation B. sharing C. sacrifice D. leadership55. A. informed B. valued C. committed D. recommended56. A. Communication B. Exchange C. Debate D. Discussion57. A. voice B. conceal C. develop D. interpret58. A. effect B. base C. advantage D. role59. A. prepared B. responsible C. qualified D. rewarded60. A. Solutions B. Conflicts C. Debates D. Opinions61. A. influencing B. protecting C. offending D. depressing62. A. Instead of B. Despite C. Besides D. Owing to63. A. enthusiastic B. flexible C. superior D. objective64. A. a fit task B. a good example C. a high purpose D. a fair standard65. A. turns on B. takes on C. decides on D. relies onSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Northern Europeans spend a lot of time in their cold and cloudy winters planning their summer holidays. They are proud of their healthy color when they return home after the holiday. But they also know that a certain amount of sunshine is good for their bodies and general health.In ancient Greece people knew about the healing powers of the sun, but this knowledge was lost. At the end of the nineteenth century a Danish doctor, Niels Finsen, began to study the effect of sunlight on certain diseases, especially diseases of the skin. He was interested not only in natural sunlight but also in artificially produced rays. Sunlight began to play a more important part in curing sick people.A Swiss doctor, Auguste Rollier, made full use of the sun in his hospital at Lysine. Lysine is a small village high up in the Alps. The position is important：the rays of the sun with the greatest healing power are the infra-red（红外线的）and ultra-violet（紫外线的）rays；but ultra-violet rays are too easily lost in fog and the polluted air near industrial towns. Dr. Roller found that sunlight, fresh air and good food cure a great many diseases. He was particularly successful in curing certain forms of tuberculosis with his “sun-cure”.There were a large number of children in Dr. Roller’s hospital. He decided to start a school where sick children could be cured and at the same time continue to learn. It was not long before his school was full. In winter, wearing only shorts, socks and boots, the children put on their skis after breakfast and left the hospital. They carried small desks and chairs as well as their school books. Their teacher led them over the snow until they reached a slope which faced the sun and was free from cold winds. There they set out their desks and chairs, and school began. Although they wore hardly any clothes, Roller’s pupils were very seldom cold. That was because their bodies were full of energy which they got from the sun.But the doctor knew that sunshine can also be dangerous. If, for example, tuberculosis is attacking the lungs, unwise sunbathing may do great harm. Today there is not just one school in the sun. There are several in Switzerland, and since Switzerland is not the only country which has the right conditions, there are similar schools in other places.66. When did sunlight begin to play a more important part in the treatment of disease?A. From ancient times.B. At the end of the nineteenth century.C. Not until this century.D. Only very recently.67. Why are a Danish doctor and a Swiss doctor mentioned in the second and third paragraphs?A. Because they both made use of sunlight to treat illness.B. Because they were the first people who used sunlight for treatment.C. Because they were both famous European doctors.D. Because they used sunlight in very different ways.68. Dr Roller set up a “sun-cure” school pr obably for the reason that __________.A. most children could stay in his hospitalB. children could study while being treatedC. the school was expected to be full of pupilsD. the school was high up in the mountains69. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage?A. “Sun-cure” schools are becoming popular everywhere.B. Switzerland is the only country where “sun-cure” schools are popular.C. Proper conditions are necessary for the running of a “sun-cure” school.D. “Sun-cure” schools a re found in countries where there is a lot of sunshine.(B)(You may read the questions first.)70. The Fresh Water series at 9 PM __________.A. explores the lakes, rivers and the creatures in themB. is devoted to the freshwater creatures in the worldC. explains the relationship among inhabitants on the earthD. focuses on the deepest river on the planet71. The phrase “stow away” most probably means “__________”.A. hide secretlyB. talk excitedlyC. operate easilyD. guide successfully72. A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christie’s novel will be shown on __________.A.BBC1B. BBC2C. Channel 4D.ITV173. Which of the following is the most suitable to replace the “?” in the passage?A. ADVERTISEMENTSB. SCIENCEFICTIONC. SPORTSFOCUSD. SCREENGRABS(C)Is a mouse that can speak acceptable? How about a dog with human hands or feet? Scientists, the people with the know-how to make such things happen, are now thinking about whether such experiments are morally right or not.On Nov. 10, Britain’s Academy of Medical Sciences laun ched a study on the use of animals with human materials in scientific research. The work is expected to take at least a year, but its leaders hope it will lead to guidelines for scientists in Britain and around the world on how far they can go mixing human genes into animals in search of ways to fight human diseases.“Do these constructs(构想) challenge our idea of what it is to be human?” asked Martin Bobrow, a professor of medical genetics at Cambridge University and chair of a 14-member group looking into the issue. “It is important that we consider these questions now so that appropriate boundaries are recognized.”Using human material in animals is not new. Scientists have already created monkeys that have a human form of the Huntingdon’s gene so t hey can study how the disease develops; and mice with livers (肝) made from human cells are being used to study the effects of new drugs.However, scientists say the technology to put ever greater amounts of human genetic material into animals is spreading quickly around the world —raising the possibility that some scientists in some places may want to go further than is morally acceptable.Last year in Britain there was a lively debate over new laws allowing the creation of human-animal embryos(胚胎) for experiments. On one side of the debate were religious groups, who claimed that such science interferes with nature. Opposing them were scientists who pointed out that such experiments were vital to research cures for diseases.The experts will publish reports after the end of the study, in which they will give definitions for animal embryos with human genes or cells, look at safety and animal welfare issues, and consider the right legal framework to work within.74. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Leaders of the research.B. Scientists in Britain and around the world.C. Guidelines for scientists.D. Scientific experiments.75. Scientists do research of mixing human genes into animals in order to __________.A. test new drugs on animalsB. create monkeys and mice with livers made from human cellsC. prove the research is morally acceptableD. to find ways to fight human diseases76. We can infer from the passage that __________.A. the experts will release reports after the studyB. scientists have never doubted the use of animals with human materialsC. the creation of human-animal embryos for experiments is legal in BritainD. religious groups hold that cures for diseases have to be done through experiments77. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A. Cures for DiseasesB. A Debate about New LawsC. Morally Right or Not?D. Animal Embryos with Human GenesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Bullying（欺凌）can take a variety of forms, from the verbal or called hurtful names to the physical, being kicked or hit as well as indirect forms, such as being excluded from social groups. A survey I conducted with Whitney Snider found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, and about one in ten cases were persistent. There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying, but these cases may be particularly hard to deal with.Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to self-murdering, though this is thankfully rare. Victimized pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationships as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically violent and guilty of anti-social offence.Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem. “There is no bullying at this school” has been a common saying, almost certainly untrue. Fortunately more schools are now saying, “There is not much bullying here, but when it occurs we have a clear policy for dealing with it.”Three factors are involved in this change. First is an awareness of the seriousness of the problem. Second, a number of resources to help handle bullying have become available in Britain. For example, in Scotland Guidelines for Countering Bullying and Behaviour in Post-primary School was published in 1993. Third, there is evidence that these materials work, and that schools can achieve something. This comes fr om carefully conducted “before and after” evaluations ofinterventions（干预）in schools, monitored by a research team. In Norway, after an intervention campaign was introduced nationally, an evaluation of forty-two schools suggested that over a two-year period, bullying was halved.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. A recent survey found that in British secondary schools __________.79. Bullying will have a harmful effect on both __________.80. What reflects the change in schools’ attitude towards bullying?81. What was the result of the research carried out in Norway?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．学会与人分享对我们自己和他人都是有益的。

【宝山】82．在美国和加拿大，用餐后不付小费是很失礼的事。

（tip）83. 据报道，政府已经下定决心要解决环境污染问题。

（determine）84. 令他惊讶的是，他的春考成绩比他期望的要好的多。

(expect)85. 汉语是世界上最难的语言之一，学习这种语言的人就会很快发现自己遇到了挑战。

(challenge)86. 直到真要出国了，这个年轻人才意识到自立的重要性。

(Not)【崇明】1. 我们学习英语不是为了参加考试，而是为了掌握一种交际工具。

(tool)2. 我们应怀感恩之心善待那些爱我们并关心我们的人。

(grateful)3. 只要你懂得如何反思自己的过错，就能从中吸取教训。

(reflect)4. 尽管家境贫寒，但那个男孩志存高远并梦想着有朝一日能获诺贝尔奖。

(Despite)5. 那个刚被批评的女孩哭着跑了出去，根本不知道这样其实让她的父母更伤心。

(Out)【奉贤】1、我们渴望一个没有污染的星球。

( free )2、微风吹拂着她的头发，那小女孩注视着彩蝶在花海中飞舞。

（With… ）3、这部最近出品的电影旨在唤起人们对贫困山区儿童的关注。

（mean ）4、他向朋友保证在任何情况下他都不会违背做一个诚实守信人的承诺。

（under no circumstances ）5、正是高三的学习经历使我们相信无论过程多么艰难，我们的努力终将会得到回报。

（convince, pay off ）【虹口】TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.82、据我所知，他们学校的面积是我们的两倍。

（size.）83、如果你忘记通知他面试时间了该怎么办。

（what if）84、在现代社会中，手机不仅是通讯工具，也是一种娱乐工具。

虹口区2015年英语学科高考练习题2015.4第I卷(共103分)I. Listening（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent arid grammatically con-ect- For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one ward that best fits each blank.(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and leadto relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and(36) seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up.(38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is(40) we are all struggling with.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beForeign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped(扣留) until they pay--and they will face a(n) 41 fee of £80 for getting back their vehicles.The law will also be 42 to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as "deposits" when the traffic laws take 43 , because the money would be returned if the driverwent to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.Foreign drivers are rarely 44 because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often 45 give warnings. Foreign vehicles are 30 percentMore likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2008 and 2013, There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 46 injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2013.The new law is partly 47 to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits toweight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash thanBritish lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were 48 overseas.The standard deposit for a careless driving 49 --such as driving too close to the vehicle front or reading a map at the wheel--will be £300. Foreign drivers will not get points as 50 added to their licenses, while British drivers will.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning, there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms _ 51__ their accounting on ayearly basis, but also because similar _ 52__ often occur in the market.Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 53 , planning for next year may start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 54 ofthe complete plan three months before the start of the year.Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 55 progress against targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 56 theobjectives and plans for the future.In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 57 , some analysts believe that long-term planning is 58 . In some markets they may be right, aslong as companies can build the sort of flexibility into their operations which allows them to59 to any sudden changes.Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 60 .their long-term goals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 61 , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range ofnew products, and reach a certain 62 in the market. If, for example, it is going to take fiveyears for a particular airline to become the 63 choice amongst business travelers on certain routes, the airline must plan for the various 64 involved.Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 65 in relation to longer-term plans,and it should contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.51.A make up B carry out C bring about D put down52.A patterns B guides C designs D distributions53.A surprisingly B contrarily C equally D typically54.A approval B permission C admiration D objection55.A value B confirm C review D survey56.A restore B promote C influence D maintain57.A guess B advocate C recognize D predict58.A pointless B meaningful C realistic D inevitable59.A lead B respond C refer D contribute60.A share B handle C develop D benefit61.A expressions B descriptions C words D terms62.A reputation B position C situation D direction63.A reserved B selected C preferred D supposed64.A acts B steps C means D points65.A handed over B left behind C made out D drawn upSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My dad loved pennies, especially those with the elegant stalk(茎) of wheat curving around each side of the ONE CENT on the back. Those were the pennies he grew up with during the Depression.As a kid, I would go for walks with Dad, spying coins along the way-a penny here, a dime(一角硬币) there. Whenever I picked up a penny, he'd ask, "Is it a wheat?" It always thrilled him when we found one of those special coins produced between 1909 and 1958, the year of my birth.One gray Sunday morning in winter, not long after my father's death in 2002, I was walking down Fifth Avenue, feeling bereft. I found myself in front of the church where Dad once worked. I was warmly shown in and led to a seat. Hearing Dad's favorite "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God", I burst into tears. We'd sung that at his funeral.After the service, I shook the pastor's(牧师) hand and stepped onto the sidewalk-and there was a penny. I bent to pick it up, turned it over, and sure enough, it was a wheat. A 1944, a year my father was serving on a ship in the South Pacific.That started it. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning up on the sidewalks of New York everywhere. I got most of the important years: his birth year, my mom's birth year, the year he graduated from college, the year he met my mom, the year they got married, the year my sister was born. But alas, no 1958 wheat penny-my year, the last year they were made.The next Sunday, after the service, I was walking up Fifth Avenue and spotted a penny in the middle of a crossing. Oh, no, it was a busy street；cabs were speeding by-should I risk it? I just had to get it.A wheat! But the penny was worn, and I couldn't read the date. On arriving home, I took out my glasses and took it to the light. There was my birthday!I found 21 wheat pennies on the streets of Manhattan in the year after my father died, and I don't think that's a coincidence.66. The writer's father loved pennies with wheat because ________.A. when he first saw it, he began to love itB. when he saw the wheat, he thought of his time during the DepressionC. when he was young, he had a lot of pennies with wheatD. when he was a child, he never got a coin with wheat67. The underlined word "bereft"(in Para.3) means ________.A. protestedB. disappointedC. grievedD. offended68. Which of the following statements about the author is NOT true?A. He was born in 1958.B. He went to church because of his father.C. He once worked in a church.D. He knew the church well.69. The best title for the passage would probably be ________.A. Pennies from HeavenB. My father's life storyC. My father's hobbyD. Living in New York(B)Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life? If yes. don't care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you'll make it!Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant(No Pay with Free Meals)Place: ManchesterHours: Part TimeWe are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don't miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you'll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.70. What docs the underlined part mean?A. You'll make others' lives more meaningful with this job.B. You'll arrive home just in time from this job.C. You'll earn a good salary from this job.D. You'll succeed in getting this job.71. The volunteers' major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ______ .A. to get some financial supportB. to properly protect themselvesC. to learn some new living skillsD. to realize their own importance72. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A. The one who can drive a car.B. The one who has done similar work before.C. The one who has patience to listen to others.D. The one who can use English to communicate.73. The text serves as a _______ .A. a reminder to social workersB. an advertisement for helpersC. a document on appealing for volunteersD. an introduction about a social care organization(C)There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought (干旱) in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an extremely dry place in the southwest of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50℃ are often recorded.The eggs of the Mojave shrimps look like grains of sand both in size and appearance. When enough spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch. Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms (有机物）which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimps grow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about 1.5 centimetres.Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, the water in the lake equally rapidly evaporates(蒸发). Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetre long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the 13th day, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.If enough rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is not enough rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another years, or even longer if necessary.74. Which of the following is the MOST unique feature of Mojave shrimps?A. Their lives are brief.B. They feed on plant and animal organisms.C. Their eggs can survive years of drought.D. They lay their eggs in the mud.75. What doe the underlined word “dormant” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Inactive.B. Sleeping.C. Safe.D. Dead.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Appearance and size are the most important for life to survive in the desert.B. A species must be able to grow up quickly in order to survive.C. Shrimps are the only species with a life cycle of 13 days.D. Some species develop a unique life pattern to survive in extremely hard condition.77. What is the passage mainly about?A.The life span of Mojave shrimpsB. The survival of desert shrimpsC. The creatures living in the Mojave desertD. The importance of water to life in the desertSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America, or probably in the world.During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth centurywould probably have been in her middle twenties? And would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century?______________________________________________.79. A women today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in their forties because of ______________________________________.80. Of “such changes”today, one is that many more mothers _________________________ after their first child is born.81. What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equal way?______________________________________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.82、据我所知，他们学校的面积是我们的两倍。

虹口区2015年初三英语二模练习（九）（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）2015.5考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6 分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分)7. A) A joumalist. B) A shop assistant. C) A tour guide. D) A secretary.8. A) Car Museum. B) History Museum. C) Art Museum. D) Science Museum.9. A) Two dollars. B) Four dollars. C) Six dollars. D) Ten dollars.10. A) At 10 a.m. B) At 11 a.m. C) At 9:30 p.m. D) At 10:30 a.m.11. A) At the zoo. B) At the cinema.C) At the post office. D) At the No. 2 bus stop.12. A) To buy a new table. B) To visit the woman soon.C) To repair the table. D) To apologize to the woman.13. A) Bob often comes late to his class. B) Bob is a new comer to the class.C) Bob had no class in the morning. D) Bob has told him the reason.14. A) He had geography last term. B) Geography isn't his favourite.C) He always does well in geography. D) He has the fight to choose subjects.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (7分)15. The smallest post office in the USA has only one room with no clerks.16. The post offices in the USA are usually open from 8:30 to 4:30 on weekdays.17. The United States Postal Service is the largest company in the world.18. There are more than 40,000 post offices throughout the United States.19. The post offices in the United States deal with more mails than those in Japan.20. The passage mainly tells about the history of the post office in the United States.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。

阅读理解（3）阅读综合训练A. Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) (12分)Dear Sir / Madam,I am writing to complain about the TV advertisement for your product Cheese in a Tube. In my opinion, there is some false information in it, and it also encourages children to have bad eating habits.In the advertisement, there is a popular TV cartoon character who says that Cheese in a Tube is “thebest cheese in the world”. This is, of course, not true. However, I havetwo young children who love the cartoon character in theadvertisement. Now they hope to eat the cheese every day. Theybelieve that your cheese is the best in the world and they don’t wantany other kind.The cartoon character then says that Cheese in a Tube is “good for young kids”. Well, I checked the information on the packet. There certainly isn’t very much cheese in your product – only 5% – and it has more fat and calories(热量) than chocolate! It’s probably one o f the unhealthiest things you can buy in the supermarket. Child obesity is a huge problem in our country. Our children are the fattest in the world, and products like yours just make things worse.Finally, the advertisement ends with two beautiful, slim, healthy-looking children sitting in front of the TV. Their mother calls them to come to the kitchen to eat a vegetable salad. The children say they’re watching their favourite cartoon – the same character who is in the advertisement, of course – so what does the mother do? She brings each of them some Cheese in a Tube! The parents eat their salad in the kitchen while the children enjoy the cheese in front of the TV! I believe that it’s good for child ren and parents to eat together, but obviously (明显地) your company doesn’t.Please change this terrible advertisement. And why don’t you start making healthier foods too?Yours sincerely,Maddy Moore1.“Cheese in a Tube” is a ______.A) TV advertisement B) bad eating habitC) product of a company D) cartoon character2.Maddy’s two children believe the cheese is the best in the world because ______.A) they eat the cheese every day B) they believe what the cartoon tells themC) the cheese is very popular D) the cartoon character is very popular3.Maddy checked the information on the packet of Cheese in a Tube in order to ______.A)prove it has more fat and calories than chocolateB)find out how much cheese there is in the productC)be sure Cheese in a Tube is good for young kidsD)decide which cheese to buy in the supermarket4.The underlined word “obesity” in Paragraph 3 means ______.A) product B) program C)advertisement D)fatness5.In Paragraph 4, Maddy wants to tell us ______.A)the ending of the advertisement is too longB)parents and children should have the same mealC)children should have good eating behaviorsD)family members should enjoy a meal together6.Maddy writes the letter to ______.A)ask the company to stop showing the advertisementB)complain about the bad quality of Cheese in a TubeC)discuss the importance of good eating habits and mannersD)describe a terrible experience of having Cheese in a Tube【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. AB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文) (12分)Have you ever seen the Man in the Moon? If you ___1___ the Moon closely on some nights, you can see the face of the Man in the Moon. Some people say that theycan see an old man carrying sticks. Others say that they can see a girl reading a book.Long long ago, the Romans and Greeks thought that the stars and planets they couldsee were gods living in the sky. They gave these stars and planets the names of theirgods and goddesses and the Moon was ___2___ as Diana, who was also goddess ofthe hunts（狩猎女神）.People used to think that the moon was made of green cheese because of the ___3___ of the Moon’s surface and the small dark areas on it. People also thought that the dark areas formed a kind of face which they called the Man in the Moon. We now know that there are mountains, plains and holes on the Moon’s surface.The word “lunatic” comes from the Latin word “luna” meaning “moon”. People used to believe that anybody who was mad had been affected in some way by the Moon. ___4___ people were supposed to be more mad at the time of the full moon.Werewolves (狼人) are said to be affected by the Moon. In some areas people still think that some people change into wolves at the time of the full moon. But in fact, like vampires (吸血鬼), werewolves ___5___ exist in horror films and books! And we can see them nowhere.There are many superstitions (迷信) connected with the Moon. It is said to be not ___6___ to look at a new moon through glass, but the full moon is the time to make wishes or choose a husband.1.A) measure B) protect C) observe D) describe2.A) used B) written C) acted D) known3.A) colours B) sizes C) shapes D) names4.A) Calm B) Crazy C) Close D) Cute5.A) only B) ever C) seldom D) even6.A) precious B) funny C) lucky D) regular【答案】1. C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.CI am Phil Green. A few years ago I became interested in green issues, and last summer I decided I really wanted to do something to help the planet. I talked to Hazel and the children, and we decided togo green.Since then we ’ve made some big c___1___ to our life. First, we sold ourcars – we had two. That wasn’t a problem because we live in a town and there ’sgood public transport. Anyway, I’ve always liked walking and we ’ve all gotbikes now. We’ve s___2___ eating meat, and started eating more vegetables.We don’t go to the supermarket, but we buy and eat food from a localf___3___, and I grow a lot of our vegetables in the garden. It ’s great! We ’vesaved a lot of money because we don’t buy things we don’t need. Next weekI’m getting some hens, so we can have our own eggs. I can ’t wait. C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。

虹口区2015年初三英语二模练习（九）（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）2015.5考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6 分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分)7. A) A joumalist. B) A shop assistant. C) A tour guide. D) A secretary.8. A) Car Museum. B) History Museum. C) Art Museum. D) Science Museum.9. A) Two dollars. B) Four dollars. C) Six dollars. D) Ten dollars.10. A) At 10 a.m. B) At 11 a.m. C) At 9:30 p.m. D) At 10:30 a.m.11. A) At the zoo. B) At the cinema.C) At the post office. D) At the No. 2 bus stop.12. A) To buy a new table. B) To visit the woman soon.C) To repair the table. D) To apologize to the woman.13. A) Bob often comes late to his class. B) Bob is a new comer to the class.C) Bob had no class in the morning. D) Bob has told him the reason.14. A) He had geography last term. B) Geography isn't his favourite.C) He always does well in geography. D) He has the fight to choose subjects.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (7分)15. The smallest post office in the USA has only one room with no clerks.16. The post offices in the USA are usually open from 8:30 to 4:30 on weekdays.17. The United States Postal Service is the largest company in the world.18. There are more than 40,000 post offices throughout the United States.19. The post offices in the United States deal with more mails than those in Japan.20. The passage mainly tells about the history of the post office in the United States.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。

虹口区2015高三英语二模试卷考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1—10页）和第Ⅱ卷（第10页），全卷共10页。

第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题为选择题，答题必须涂在答题纸上，第I 卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题和第II卷的答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections： In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A waitress. C. A shop assistant. D. A worker.2. A. Disappointment. B. Disapproval. C. Sympathy. D. Passion.3. A. At a police station. B. At a car rental house. C. At a post office.D. At a bank.4. A. Go to work. B. Take a break. C. Try another problem. D. Keep doing.5. A. The woman congratulated the wrong person.B. The woman should get another job.C. The woman should be more patient.D. The woman was waiting in the wrong place.6. A. Reading a magazine. B. Writing an article.C. Buying clothes.D. Preparing for a maths test.7. A. The guest has to pay in cash. B. The fee will be added to the hotel bill.C. The guest can pay by check.D. It’s free to watch the hotelmovie channel.8. A. The woman will enjoy the trip. B. The woman will be exhausted after the trip.C. The woman had better cancel the trip.D. The woman should go to Los Angeles.9. A. 4 pounds. B. 6 pounds. C. 8 pounds. D. 10 pounds.10. A. Compare notes with his classmates. B. Review the details of all his lessons.C. Focus on the main points of his lectures.D. Talk with her about his learning problems.Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sending magazines to friends.B. Sending text messages through mobile phone.C. Sending greeting cards to friends.D. Giving orders to children.12. A. Because it costs much time. B. Because it becomes more popular.C. Because it can be done anywhere.D. Because it makes teachers and parents angry.13. A. Making children clever. B. Saving money and paper.C. Helping students study well.D. Making problems become easy.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. they cannot be lost or stolen. B. they are safe and handy.C. they can be used anywhere.D. they can save travelers plenty of money.15. A. The authority that issues you the passport. B. The insurance company.C. The bank where you buy your checks.D. The travel agency that arranges your travel.16. A. People usually get traveler’s checks from foreign banks.B. You are not charged for the safety of your traveler’s checks.C. You cannot get your passport until you get your traveler’s checks.D. Traveler’s checks can be exchanged for the money of the country you visit. Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Renal Property ManagementName:Phone Number: Room Type: Price Range: Location: Facilities:Bill Harrington053-787-6695A 17 apartmentAround $ 18Near the 19A 20 and central air conditioningBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.When did the applicant leave school 21 .What kind of work did the applicant have in thetoy factory22 .Where will the applicant go if she passes thetests To go to 23 twice a week.How will the woman’s salary be changed during the three-year training periodShe’ll get 24 of a hundreddollars a month.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic (乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt’s house, and my mother said that we (25)______(leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26)______ I listened every morning .I do not remember myself (27)______(cry) for this reason again. In fact I thinkI cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28)______ idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29)______(complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each other. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English was superior (30)______ anyone else’s at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31)______ ______ it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical（实证的）basis. They are discovering how (32)______(design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects (33)______ people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34)______(lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35)______(afford) by a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and (36)______ seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37)______ classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up. (38)______ that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39)______(focus) on by scientists. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw (吸管),” architect David says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them That is (40)______ we are all struggling with.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. effectB. aggressivelyC. additionalD. merelyE. chargedF. appliedG. intended H. registered I. punishment J. slight K. offenceForeign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to ￡900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped（扣留）until they pay — and they will face a(n) 41 fee of ￡80 for getting back their vehicles.The law will also be 42 to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as “deposits” when the traffic laws take 43 , because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.Foreign drivers are rarely 44 because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often 45 give warnings. Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2008 and 2013. There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 46 injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2013.The new law is partly 47 to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than British lorries. Recent spot checks found that three q u a r t e r s o f l o r r i e s t h a t f a i l e d s a f e t y t e s t s w e r e48 overseas.The standard deposit for a careless driving 49 —such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel—will be ￡300.Foreign driversw i l l n o t g e t p o i n t s a s50 added to their licenses, while British drivers will.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.PlanningIn any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning, there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms 51 their accounting on a yearly basis, but also because similar 52 often occur inthe market.Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 53 , planning for next year may start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 54 of the complete plan three months before the start of the year.Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 55 progress against targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 56 the objectives and plans for the future.In today’s business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 57 , some analysts believe that long-term planning is 58 . In some markets they may be right, as long as companies can build the sort of flexibilityi n t o t h e i r o p e r a t i o n s w h i c h a l l o w s t h e m t o59 to any sudden changes.Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 60 their long-term goals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission (委任) and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 61 , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range of new products, and reach a certain 62 in the market. If, for example, it is going to take five years for a particular airline to become the 63 choice amongst business travellers on certain routes, the airline must plan for the various 64 involved.Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 65 in relation to longer-term plans, and it should contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.51. A. make up B. carry out C. bring about D. put down52. A. patterns B. guides C. designs D.distributions53. A. surprisingly B. contrarily C. equally D. typically54. A. approval B. permission C. admiration D. objection55. A. value B. confirm C. review D. survey56. A. restore B. promote C. influence D. maintain57. A. guess B. advocate C. recognize D. predict58. A. pointless B. meaningful C. realistic D. inevitable59. A. lead B. respond C. refer D. contribute60. A. share B. handle C. develop D. benefit61. A. expressions B. descriptions C. words D. terms62. A. reputation B. position C. situation D. direction63. A. reserved B. selected C. preferred D. supposed64. A. acts B. steps C. means D. points65. A. handed over B. left behind C. made out D. drawn upSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My dad loved pennies, especially those with the elegant stalk (茎) of wheat curving around each side of the ONE CENT on the back. Those were the pennies he grew up with during the Depression.As a kid, I would go for walks with Dad, spying coins along the way—a penny here, a dime (一角硬币) there. Whenever I picked up a p enny, he’d ask, “Is it a wheat” It always thrilled him when we found one of those special coins produced between 1909 and 1958, the year of my birth.One gray Sunday morning in winter, not long after my father’s death in 2002, I was walking down Fifth Avenue, feeling bereft. I found myself in front of the church where Dad once worked. I was warmly shown in and led to a seat. Hearing Dad’s favorite “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God”, I burst into tears. We’d sung that at his funeral.After the service, I shook the pastor’s(牧师) hand and stepped onto the side walk—and there was a penny. I bent to pick it up, turned it over, and sure enough, it was a wheat. A 1944, a year my father was serving on a ship in the South Pacific.That started it. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning up on the sidewalks of New York everywhere. I got most of the important years: his birth year, my mom’s birth year, the year he graduated from college, the year he met my mom, the year they got married, the year my sister was born. But alas, no 1958 wheat penny—my year, the last year they were made.The next Sunday, after the service, I was walking up Fifth Avenue and spotted a penny in the middle of a crossing. Oh, no, it was a busy street；cabs were speeding by—should I risk it I just had to get it.A wheat! But the penny was worn, and I couldn’t read the date. On arriving home, I took out my glasses and took it to the light. There was my birthday!I found 21 wheat pennies on the streets of Manhattan in the year after my father died, and I don’t think that’s a coincidence.66. The writer’s father loved pennies with wheat because ________.A. when he first saw it, he began to love itB. when he saw the wheat, he thought of his time during the DepressionC. when he was young, he had a lot of pennies with wheatD. when he was a child, he never got a coin with wheat67. The underlined word “bereft” (in means ________.A. protestedB. disappointedC. grievedD. offended68. Which of the following statements about the author is NOT trueA. He was born in 1958.B. He knew the church well.C. He once worked in a church.D. He went to church because of his father.69. The best title for the passage would probably be ________.A. Pennies from HeavenB. My father’s life storyC. My father’s hobbyD. Living in New York(B)Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!70. What does the underlined part meanA. You’ll make others’ lives more meaningful with this job.B. You’ll arrive home just in time from this job.C. You’ll earn a good salary from this job.D. You’ll succeed in getting this job.71. The volunteers’ major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities________.A. to get some financial supportB. to properly protect themselvesC. to learn some new living skillsD. to realize their own importance72. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteerA. The one who can drive a car.B. The one who has done similar work before.C. The one who has patience to listen to others.D. The one who can use English to communicate.73. The text serves as ________.A. a reminder to social workersB. an advertisement for helpersC. a document on appealing for volunteersD. an introduction about a socialcare organization(C)There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of droughts in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (小虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an intensely dry region in the south-west of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50℃ are often recorded.The eggs of the Mojave shrimps are the size and have the appearance of grains of sand. When sufficient spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch. Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimps grow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about centimetres.Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, the water in the lake equally rapidly evaporates (挥发). Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetres long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the thirteenth day and the next, during the final hours of their brief lives, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.If sufficient rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is insufficient rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another year, or even longer if necessary. Very, very occasionally, perhaps twice in a hundred years, sufficient rain falls to form a deep lake that lasts a month or more. In this case, the species passes through two cycles of growth, egg-laying, and death. Thus, on such occasions, the speciesmultiplies considerably, which further ensures its survival.74. Which of the following is the most distinctive feature of Mojave shrimpsA. They live a brief and tough life.B. They feed on plant and animal organisms.C. Their eggs can survive years of drought.D. They lay their eggs in the mud.75. The word “dormant” (in Para 4) most probably means ________.A. inactiveB. strongC. alertD. soft76. What can be inferred from the passageA. appearance and size are important factors for life to survive in the desert.B. a species must be able to multiply quickly in order to survive in the desert.C. for some species one life cycle in a year is enough to survive the desert drought.D. some species develop a unique life pattern to survive in severe conditions.77. The passage mainly deals with ________.A. the life span of the Mojave shrimpsB. the survival of desert shrimpsC. the creatures living in the Mojave desertD. the importance of water to life in the desertSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America, or probably in the world.During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.This important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left schools at the first chance, and most of them took a full-time job. However, whenthey married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women usually marry younger, more married women stay at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full or part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with the both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money and running the home in terms of the abilities and interests of each of them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century79. A woman today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in theirforties because of ________.80. Of “such changes” today, one is that many more mothers ________ after their first child is born.81. What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equal way第 II 卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 据我所知，他们学校的面积是我们的两倍。

虹口区2015 年初三英语二模练习（九）（满分150 分，完卷时间100 分钟）2015.5考生注意：本卷有7 大题，共94 小题。

试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I.Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A.Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6 分)B.L isten to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8 分)7.A) A joumalist. B) A shop assistant. C) A tour guide. D) A secretary.8.A) Car Museum. B) History Museum. C) Art Museum. D) Science Museum.9.A) Two dollars. B) Four dollars. C) Six dollars. D) Ten dollars.10. A) At 10 a.m. B) At 11 a.m. C) At 9:30 p.m. D) At 10:30 a.m.11.A) At the zoo. B) At the cinema.C)At the post office. D) At the No. 2 bus stop.12.A) To buy a new table. B) To visit the woman soon.C)To repair the table. D) To apologize to the woman.13.A) Bob often comes late to his class. B) Bob is a new comer to the class.C)Bob had no class in the morning. D) Bob has told him the reason.14.A) He had geography last term. B) Geography isn't his favourite.C)He always does well in geography. D) He has the fight to choose subjects.C.Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的内容, 符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示) (7 分)15.The smallest post office in the USA has only one room with no clerks.16.The post offices in the USA are usually open from 8:30 to 4:30 on weekdays.17.The United States Postal Service is the largest company in the world.18.There are more than 40,000 post offices throughout the United States.19.The post offices in the United States deal with more mails than those in Japan.20.The passage mainly tells about the history of the post office in the United States.D.Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences（听短文，完成下列内容。

上海市虹口区2015届高三二模英语试题含答案2015.4第I卷(共103分)I. Listening（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent arid grammatically con-ect- For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one ward that best fits each blank.(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. Iwas crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could notbear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought aboutall the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feelingand behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence anoccupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and(36) seems to, according to a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up. (38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number ofstudies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is (40) we are all struggling with.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beForeign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to £900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped(扣留)until they pay--and they will face a(n) 41 fee of £80 for getting back their vehicles.The law will also be 42 to British citizens. The fines will be described officially as "deposits" when the traffic laws take 43 , because the money would be returned if the driverwent to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases.Foreign drivers are rarely 44 because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often 45 give warnings. Foreign vehicles are 30 percentMore likely to be in a crash than British-registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2008 and 2013, There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 46 injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2013.The new law is partly 47 to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than British lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were48 overseas.The standard deposit for a careless driving 49 --such as driving too close to the vehiclefront or reading a map at the wheel--will be £300. Foreign drivers will not get points as 50 added to their licenses, while British drivers will.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning,there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms _ 51__ their accounting on a yearly basis, but also because similar _ 52__ often occur in the market.Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 53 , planning for next yearmay start nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 54 ofthe complete plan three months before the start of the year.Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 55 progress againsttargets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 56 the objectives and plans for the future.In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 57 ,some analysts believe that long-term planning is 58 . In some markets they may be right, as long as companies can build the sort of flexibility into their operations which allows them to59 to any sudden changes.Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 60 .their long-termgoals. This may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 61 , it may be a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range of new products, and reach a certain 62 in the market. If, for example, it is going to take five years for a particular airline to become the 63 choice amongst business travelers on certainroutes, the airline must plan for the various 64 involved.Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 65 in relation to longer-term plans,and it shouldcontain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.51.A make up B carry out C bring about D put down52.A patterns B guides C designs D distributions53.A surprisingly B contrarily C equally D typically54.A approval B permission C admiration D objection55.A value B confirm C review D survey56.A restore B promote C influence D maintain57.A guess B advocate C recognize D predict58.A pointless B meaningful C realistic D inevitable59.A lead B respond C refer D contribute60.A share B handle C develop D benefit61.A expressions B descriptions C words D terms62.A reputation B position C situation D direction63.A reserved B selected C preferred D supposed64.A acts B steps C means D points65.A handed over B left behind C made out D drawn upSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My dad loved pennies, especially those with the elegant stalk(茎) of wheat curving around each side of the ONE CENT on the back. Those were the pennies he grew up with during the Depression.As a kid, I would go for walks with Dad, spying coins along the way-a penny here, a dime(一角硬币) there. Whenever I picked up a penny, he'd ask, "Is it a wheat?" It always thrilled him when we found one of those special coins produced between 1909 and 1958, the year of my birth.One gray Sunday morning in winter, not long after my father's death in 2002, I was walking down Fifth Avenue, feeling bereft. I found myself in front of the church where Dad once worked.I was warmly shown in and led to a seat. Hearing Dad's favorite "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God", I burst into tears. We'd sung that at his funeral.After the service, I shook the pastor's(牧师) hand and stepped onto the sidewalk-and there was apenny. I bent to pick it up, turned it over, and sure enough, it was a wheat. A 1944, a year my father was serving on a ship in the South Pacific.That started it. Suddenly wheat pennies began turning up on the sidewalks of New York everywhere. I got most of the important years: his birth year, my mom's birth year, the year he graduated from college, the year he met my mom, the year they got married, the year my sister was born. But alas, no 1958 wheat penny-my year, the last year they were made.The next Sunday, after the service, I was walking up Fifth Avenue and spotted a penny in the middle of a crossing. Oh, no, it was a busy street；cabs were speeding by-should I risk it? I just had to get it.A wheat! But the penny was worn, and I couldn't read the date. On arriving home, I took out myglasses and took it to the light. There was my birthday!I found 21 wheat pennies on the streets of Manhattan in the year after my father died, and I don't think that's a coincidence.66. The writer's father loved pennies with wheat because ________.A. when he first saw it, he began to love itB. when he saw the wheat, he thought of his time during the DepressionC. when he was young, he had a lot of pennies with wheatD. when he was a child, he never got a coin with wheat67. The underlined word "bereft"(in Para.3) means ________.A. protestedB. disappointedC. grievedD. offended68. Which of the following statements about the author is NOT true?A. He was born in 1958.B. He went to church because of his father.C. He once worked in a church.D. He knew the church well.69. The best title for the passage would probably be ________.A. Pennies from HeavenB. My father's life storyC. My father's hobbyD. Living in New York(B)Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone's life? If yes. don't care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you'll make it!Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant(No Pay with Free Meals)Place: ManchesterHours: Part TimeWe are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don't miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!Role:You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.Skills and Experience Required:You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you'll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.70. What docs the underlined part mean?A. You'll make others' lives more meaningful with this job.B. You'll arrive home just in time from this job.C. You'll earn a good salary from this job.D. You'll succeed in getting this job.71. The volunteers' major responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ______ .A. to get some financial supportB. to properly protect themselvesC. to learn some new living skillsD. to realize their own importance72. Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?A. The one who can drive a car.B. The one who has done similar work before.C. The one who has patience to listen to others.D. The one who can use English to communicate.73. The text serves as a _______ .A. a reminder to social workersB. an advertisement for helpersC. a document on appealing for volunteersD. an introduction about a social care organization(C)There are desert plants which survive the dry season in the form of inactive seeds. There are also desert insects which survive as inactive larvae (幼虫). In addition, difficult as it is to believe, there are desert fish which can survive through years of drought (干旱) in the form of inactive eggs. These are the shrimps (虾) that live in the Mojave Desert, an extremely dry place in the southwest of the United States where shade temperatures of over 50℃ are often recorded.The eggs of the Mojave shrimps look like grains of sand both in size and appearance. When enough spring rain falls to form a lake, once every two to five years, these eggs hatch. Then the water is soon filled with millions of tiny shrimps about a millimetre long which feed on tiny plant and animal organisms (有机物）which also grow in the temporary desert lake. Within a week, the shrimpsgrow from their original 1 millimetre to a length of about 1.5 centimetres.Throughout the time that the shrimps are rapidly maturing, the water in the lake equally rapidly evaporates(蒸发). Therefore, for the shrimps it is a race against time. By the twelfth day, however, when they are about 3 centimetre long, hundreds of tiny eggs form on the underbodies of the females. Usually by this time, all that remains of the lake is a large, muddy patch of wet soil. On the 13th day, the shrimps lay their eggs in the mud. Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimps die as the last of the water evaporates.If enough rain falls the next year to form another lake, the eggs hatch, and once again the shrimps pass rapidly through their cycle of growth, adulthood, egg-laying, and death. Some years there is not enough rain to form a lake: in this case, the eggs will remain dormant for another years, or even longer if necessary.74. Which of the following is the MOST unique feature of Mojave shrimps?A. Their lives are brief.B. They feed on plant and animal organisms.C. Their eggs can survive years of drought.D. They lay their eggs in the mud.75. What doe the underlined word “dormant” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Inactive.B. Sleeping.C. Safe.D. Dead.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Appearance and size are the most important for life to survive in the desert.B. A species must be able to grow up quickly in order to survive.C. Shrimps are the only species with a life cycle of 13 days.D. Some species develop a unique life pattern to survive in extremely hard condition.77. What is the passage mainly about?A.The life span of Mojave shrimpsB. The survival of desert shrimpsC. The creatures living in the Mojave desertD. The importance of water to life in the desertSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women in America, or probably in the world.During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman's life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties? And would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.This important change in women's life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. At what age did most women get married in the late nineteenth century?______________________________________________.79. A women today can still take care of her children when doing paid work in their forties because of ______________________________________.80. Of “such changes” today, one is that many more mothers _________________________ after their first child is born.81. What are the factors that cause a couple to share economic and family affairs in an equalway?______________________________________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.82、据我所知，他们学校的面积是我们的两倍。