2017上海虹口区高三二模英语试题及标准答案

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shockingdifferences in perception(感知) between Westerners and Asians, whatthey see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how theyperceive a simple line in a square, according to findings published in aleading science journal.In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves ashighly independent entities (实体). When looking at scenes, Westernerstend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. EastAsian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians.The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very ea sy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult -- estimating the line’s size relative to the square. For the Asian s, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also -- estimating the line’s length without comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.In one study, for instance, researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red andone green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize (使内化) it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.63. According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to _____.A. more emphasize independent thinkingB. always focus more on their surroundingsC. focus more on the context as well as the objectD. think of Westerners as highly independent entities64. We know from the passage that people’s brains will be more active when _____.A. the task is much easierB. the blood flow is trackedC. people begin to choose colorsD. the task is more difficult65. What do the findings of the experiments mentioned in the passage indicate?A. They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.B. They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.C. They suggest that people’s habits of thought and perception can be changed in differentcultures.D. They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things.66. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. Easterners prefer collectivism to individualismB. East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independenceC. It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpowerD. Americans will change their habits of perception when they’re in BritainDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(C)Naquela Wright’s life took an unexpected turn when she lost her eyesight as a teenager, but even when her world became dark, the New Jersey resident didn’t want to quit social media.Using Facebook was a challenge at first. Diagnosed in 2010 with pseudotumor cerebri, a rare health condition in which pressure increases around the brain and can result in the loss of vision, Wright learned how to use a screen reader to read the site through the touch of the keyboard and sound of a robotic voice. Still, when a friend sends her a photo, Wright often has no clue what the image shows.Now Facebook is trying to solve this problem by exploiting the power of artificial intelligence to create new tools that not only describe items in a photo but allows users to ask what’s in an image.“I can have a basic picture in my mind of what’s going on in the picture and now I can comment on my own,” said Wright, who got to try out the new tools that are still being tested. “Of course, it’s different, but it’s something more than I had.”An estimated 285 million people are visually disabled globally, according to the World Health Organization, and research conducted by Facebook showed that blind users have trouble figuring out what’s in a photo because the description isn’t clear or doesn’t exist.Facebook has made it easier to skim through the content on its website with a screen reader by improving HTML headings, adding alternative text for images, launching keyboard shortcuts, and more. Using artificial intelligence to describe photos is only a part of these ongoing efforts.W ith 1.5 billion users, Facebook isn’t the only social media company that wants to improve its website for the visually disabled. Along with Facebook and other major tech firms, Twitter and LinkedIn have their own accessibility teams and belong to an initia tive called “Teaching Accessibility”.Jeff Wieland, Facebook’s head of accessibility engineering, said the group wants to educate more engineers, especially early in college, about designing products that are compatible with the disabled and others. “We really don’t want accessibility to be the luxury of a handful of companies,” Wieland said. “We want everything around the world to be built with accessibility in63. What tool helps the visually disabled to read Facebook?A. A screen reader.B. A special keyboard.C. A helpful robot.D. HTML headings.64. What can be inferred from the passage about the new tool created by Facebook?A. It adds a lot of shortcuts on the keyboard.B. It helps users to employ their senses other than sight.C. It meets no competitors with its advanced technology.D. It inspires more engineers to explore artificial intelligence.65. The underlined phrase in the last paragraph “are compatible with” most probably means __________.A. are unaffordable toB. bring harm toC. keep company ofD. well suit66. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Screen reader: tool to access social mediaB. Ongoing efforts: strength to improve websitesC. Artificial intelligence: power to help the blindD. Teaching accessibility: initiative to educate engineersSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)On the occasional clear-frost autumn night, I was hiking through the dark forest with my GMO wolf. Yes, my best friend is a genetically modified organism（转基因生物）; deliberate selection has produced the blunt-toothed, small-pawed wonder that walks by my side.Our world is changing rapidly. In the last five decades, global population has fully doubled, with 3.7 billion hungry mouths added to our planet. During this same time span, the amount of land suitable for agriculture has increased by only 5%. Miraculously, this did not result in the great global famine（饥荒）one might have predicted.How do scientists modify a plant so that it makes more food than its parents did? We could treat each harvest like a litter of wolf pups and select only plants bearing the fattest, richest seeds for the next season. This was the method our ancestors used to engineer rice, corn and wheat from the wild grasses they encountered.During my childhood, advances in genetic technologies allowed scientists to identify and clone the genes responsible for repressing stem growth, leading to shorter, stronger stalks that could bear more seed—the high-yield crops that feed us today. The 21st century has brought with it a marvelous new set of high-tech tools with which to further quicken the process of artificial selection. Plant geneticists can now directly edit out or edit in sections of DNA using molecular scissors. We can minimize a plant’s weaknesses while adding to its strengths, and we don’t have to wait for seasons to pass to test the result.It is the transformative potential of these techniques to quickly supply the next-generation crops required for upcoming climate change that has led me to believe in the safety and function of GMO plants in agricultural products. We need more GMO research to feed the world that we are creating.I love the quiet forest that stands between my lab and my home. But I know that as a scientist, I am responsible first to humanity. We must feed, shelter and nurture one another as our first priority, and to do so, we must take advantage of our best technologies, which have always included some type of genetic modification. We must continue as before, nourishing the future as we feed ourselves, and each year plant only the very best of what we have collectively engineered.I keep the faith of my ancestors each night when I walk through the forest to my lab, and my GMO wolf does the same when she guards my way home.63. Why does the author mention the wolf in the 1st paragraph?A. To advise people to keep wolves as petsB. To persuade readers to welcome the new technologyC. To change people’s attitude towards wolvesD. To introduce a technology used to humans’ advantage64. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. GMO technology will help weatherproof future crops.B. With GMO technology, famine has been eliminated.C. Artificial selections make high-yield plants possible.D. The author believes technology should contribute to future generations.65. What can be learned about modifying a plant?A. It takes scientists seasons to know whether their selection is correct.B. One way for ancestors to change a plant was to clone some genes.C. Modern techniques help speed up the artificial selection by altering DNA.D. The general public show strong faith in GMO plants.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. GMO Technology—Turning Wolves into the Best PetsB. Engineered Food—Feeding Future GenerationsC. Engineered Food—To Be or Not To BeD. GMO Technology—A Driving Force in World PeaceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（C）Since quitting can start feelings such as guilt and shame, we often do everything possible to avoid it. “We’re taught from our earli e st days that if you quit something. It means you’re a failure,”says counseling psychologist Will Meek. He, how ever, suggests we view quitting differently.Quitting is like deciding to rearrange a room: you’ve grown comfortable with the status, and it can be hard to picture the end result or even see why change is necessary. And yet, there’s the upsetting feeling that you’re no longer entirely satisfied with your current circumstances, perhaps even that you’ve stopped making progress. While it’s not out of the question for feeling or regret to surface after a major refit, leaving a position, project or situation can reveal exciting possibilities, making you feel inspired and renewed.Quitting, often happens in situations where we’re unhappy, fearful or have determined we have no other choice, factors that can have opposing effects on our health. Perhaps you find yourwork unfulfilling, or you’ve jumped into a new relationship before you’re ready —and, as a result, you’re operating under intense pressure.“If stress is enduring and not managed well, it can start to take a toll.”says Meek. According to the American Psychological Association, long-term, ongoing stress can increase the risk for high blood pressure and heart attack, so walking away from whatever is causing it can deliver significant physical and emotional health be nefits.“We often see a reduction in the stress hormone cortisol（应激激素皮质醇）, which can lower blood pressure and may even decrease the heart rate,”says Dr Alex Lickerman, a GP and expert on developing mental adaptability.Leaving situations that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you. In a study that was published in 1999, then Harvard University professor Hermina Ibarra looked at how bankers tried different roles that required new skill sets—someone who spent a lot of time dealing with computers, for instance, was asked to take on personal interactions. Subjects were especially drawn to acting out a version of their future solves through ‘imitation strategies’—an approach they compared to ‘trying on different clothes,’ Mark Franklin, the president of CareerCyles, suggests a similar approach as a way to figure out what your true desires might be in your post-quitting life and foresee your future self.“Pretend to be a certain kind of person, or go and meet others who are doing what you want to do.”he says,“Try it on, see how it feels and decide if it’s a good fit for you.”It may not feel like it at the time, but just moving on from a situation that’s not quite right can help you g et back on track.63. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that quitting may bring us feelings of being both _______.A. guilty and ashamedB. stupid and enthusiasticC. troubled and hopefulD. inspired and determined64. The phrase“take a toll”（paragraph 3）can be best replaced by“_________”.A. develop mental adaptabilityB. bring about changesC. keep up the pressureD. have a bad effect65. An approach suggested by Mark Franklin similar to ‘trying on different clothes’ is for ___________.A. helping people find what truly suits them in careerB. telling capable employees from inadequate onesC. training employees to acquire different working skillsD. providing people with opportunities to have a role play66. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A. quitting is track that only the timid will choose to followB. personal interaction can be must for reducing emotional pressureC. mental adaptability can be improved by the stress hormone cortisolD. knowing when to stop is wise and may make dreams happenSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.CIt could be said that the age of adventure peaked with Sir Everest Shackletonthe moment his ship, the Endurance, become hopelessly locked in ice on its wayto Antarctica in January 1915. For ten months the 28 men aboard Shackleton’sship waited and prayed for ice to break. When it finally did, the Endurance sank,leaving the crew homeless and adrift on a sea of ice in one of the world’s mostdangerous environments.In January 2000 a luxury ocean liner found itself similarly trapped in the cold waters off Antarctica. Argentine authorities sent off an icebreaker straight away from the nearest naval base, and in 24 hour s, all 176 passengers and crew were free. The tour company’s spokesperson spun the potential disaster as a value-added reward in extreme travel. “The people on board are looking at this as sort of a great adventure,” she said.Ever since Jon Krakauer’s b ook Into Thin Air made Everest a household name, the subculture of adventure has blown up like a Himalayan avalanche(雪崩) into public consciousness. Magazines promise “extreme” content, television, offers adventure programs, and the growing collective fasci nation with adventure has produced a flow of published accounts about the world’s greatest adventurous journey. Nowadays more and more people are interested in adventure and this mass appeal makes good business sense. Today the only thing blocking a would-be adventurer’s passage to Antarctica is the cost---- which typically runs well over $10,000.Despite very different implications, adventure was just as popular in Shackleton’s time. He has little trouble filling the Endurance----5,000 men are said to have responded to his recruitment(招募) notice: “Men wanted for risky journey. Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Constant danger. Safe return doubtful.”After five months drifting on ice, the crew were forced to take to their lifeboats to Elephant Island. Reaching the wasteland, Shackleton went on with one lifeboat and five of his best men 1,300 kilometers across the bone-chilly Scotia Sea to South Georgia Island. Shivering with cold, dressed in rags, Shackleton marched into a whaling station and set about organizing a rescue expedition to Elephant Island. Almost two years after becoming shipwrecked on ice, Shackleton picked up his crew. “Not a life lost, and we have been through hell,” he remarked earnestly.63. We can learn from the first sentence of this passage that _______.A. the age of adventure began with the ship Endurance trapped in iceB. Shackleton’s adventure marked the highest point of pure explorationC. the age of adventure ended with the ship Endurance trapped in iceD. Shackleton’s adventure predicted that the golden age of exploration was approaching64. The word “spun” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_______”.A. summed upB. judgedC. boasted aboutD. referred to65. Since Jon Krakauer’s book was published _______.A. the media have got interested in the topic of adventureB. the costs of extreme travel have gone upC. Everest has got its name known to EuropeD. people have got fascinated by Himalayan avalanches59. The adventure in Shackleton’s time has different implications from today’s in that _______.A. Shackleton’s adventure lasted longer then any other adventure nowadaysB. n o one was missing during Shackleton’s adventureC. Shackleton’s adventure was entirely for the sake of adventureD. Shackleton enrolled volunteers more easilySection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately merciful reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense.There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, and government.The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial(家庭的), religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are very normal. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is common; there are homes which cultivate young people with high standards of moral behaviour and others which leave moral training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for cultivating future doctors with moral sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling data that suggest that during medical school the moral behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress (倒退).It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour. Medical schools must do something to make sure that their students are expected to be clear from day one. The development of a school’s cult ure of moral behaviour requires cooperation with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and developing. Moreover, the school’s examination system and general treatment of students must be fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions (违规) must be firm, fair, transparent (透明的).63. What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?A. Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.B. We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is possible.C. We know that this phenomenon exists in every medical school.D. We still need more reliable data to know how serious it is.64. According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because________.A. The medical profession is based on trustB. There is zero tolerance of cheating in medicineC. The medical profession depends on the governmentD. Cheating exists extensively in medical schools65. Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?A. Medical schools should make a less competitive environment for students.B. Outstanding people should create a set of moral standards to be followed.C. Medical students should be positive in creating and preserving moral behavior.D. We don’t know the cause-and-effect of the examination cheating in medical school.66. Which of the following can be implied from the passage?A. It makes little sense to talk about medical school student cheating in exams.B. Medical schools haven’t been doing well t o help students develop morally.C. Cheating in exams is tolerable outside of medical school circle.D. Elimination of exams helps cultivate healthier characters of medical school students.Section BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（C）There is plenty of complaints about how social media-texting in particular—may be harming children’s social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instantmessaging (IM’ing) and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted (内向的).British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens, aged 14 to 18. All of the participants were “regular” or “extensive” IM’ers. In the U. S., two thirds of teens use instant messaging services regularly, with a full third messaging at least once every day.The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study, and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, distress or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported about a 20% reduction in their distress—not enough to completely eliminate it, but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out.“Our findings suggest that IM'ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being,” the authors write, noting that prior research has shown that people assigned to talk to a stranger either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings, but even more with IM. And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their bond.Why would digital communication do better than human contact? The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may consider as embarrassing or sources of discomfort. Studies also show that the anonymity (匿名) of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safety that may cause people to feel more comfortable in sharing and discussing their deepest and most authentic feelings. Prior research has shown that expressive writing itself can “vent”emotions and provide a sense of relief—and doing so, knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend, may provide even more comfort and potentially be therapeutic. Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were distressed than extroverts did. Susan Cain, author of Quiet wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often brimming over with thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offers: the chance to connect—but in measured doses and from behind a screen.63. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling distressed.B. Instant messaging can help completely remove teens’ negative emotions.C. Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel good or calm.D. Constant instant messaging can help teens control their negative emotions.64. The underlined word “vent” in paragraph 5 most probably means_________.A. controlB. maintainC. releaseD. conceal65. What does the digital communication enable users to do?A. Find more sympathetic friends.B. Share and discuss more information.C. Produce more expressive writings.D. Avoid embarrassment and discomfort.66. What can be concluded from the new study by British researchers?A. Instant messaging will prevent children’s social and intellectual development.B. Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging.C. Teens feeling bad often feel closer to real-life friends than to the net friends.D. American teens aged 14 to 18 are extensive instant messaging users.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Scots are more likely to drink themselves to death than people from any other nation in Western Europe except Austria and Portugal. Every day, six Scots die from alcohol-related conditions. Our hospitals and health services struggle with the wider damage. An estimated 51,600 Scots suffer from drink-related illness. Incidence of liver disease has shot up 40 percent in the past seven years. Most knife attacks and most adult murders occur under the influence of alcohol. And drink abuse (嗜酒) has ruined thousands of families, a personal, psychological and social cost on。

2017年上海市虹口区中考英语二模试卷二、 Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）：（共20分）1. Our teacher asked us to write down the ________ points of the speech． Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in the sentence？（）A /main/B /men/C /ma：n /D /metn/2. The doctor suggested to the fat boy that he should go on______diet to keep healthy．（）A aB anC theD /3. The children picked some strawberries on the farm and look________home．（）A themselvesB theirC themD they4. There are some cakes on the table， but you can only take__．（）A itB oneC anyD those5. We shared our learning methods with each other____half an hour at the last class meeting．（）A inB forC withD from6. My father has decided to take____a hobby like painting after he retires．（）A upB outC awayD in7. The poor old man looks______and he has nobody to talk with．（）A seriouslyB lonelyC gentlyD quietly8. During a holiday season， hotels are __than they are off season．（）A crowdedB more crowdedC too crowdedD the most crowded9. ﹣______you take a message for my parents． Simon？﹣OK （） A May B Must C Could D Should10. My aunt has worked as a teacher for 20years， so she has___experience in leaching．（）A manyB muchC fewD little11. _______dangerous it is for children lo play with electricity!（）A WhatB What aC What anD How12. You look very tired． Why not____to some light music to relax yourself？（）A to listenB listeningC listenD to listening13. Although Alice was busy_____in college， she never forgot to phone her parents every day．（）A studyingB studyC to studyD studied14. British people and Australian people speak the same language，__________they have different customs and cultures．（）A andB butC soD for15. I went over my latest papers again and again_______I could get full marks．（）A afterB sinceC unlessD so that16. By the end of last Friday， we____hundreds of books for the children in poor areas．（）A have raisedB raisedC would raiseD had raised17. Don't read Wechat while you_____across the street．（）A walkB are walkingC were walkingD have walked18. One of our school rules is that smart phones____in class．（）A aren't allowedB don't allowC isn't allowedD won't allow19. ﹣I will go to Beijing on business this weekend， so I can't go camping with you．﹣________（）A With pleasure．B Never mind．C What a pity!D I'm sorry．20. ﹣What about doing something helpful for the sick children？﹣________（）A Good idea!B I'm afraid I can'tC That's all right．D I think so， too．三、Complete the following passage with （he words or phrases in the box. Each can be only once （将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，毎词只能填一次）（共8分）21.For the good of our children， given them better food! The number of children who are obese or overweight is on the rise and the problem is clearly （1）_______． These children have many sick days from school， and might get bullied（受辱） because of their weight． So （2）_______their health will help solve these problems．From my point of view， the main cause of these health problems is the poor quality of the school lunches the children get． A typical student will have，（3）_______， a burger， fires，a chocolate bar and sofa for lunch every day． That is （4）_______to 75% of the recommended calorie intake（推荐的卡路里摄入量）and 90% of the recommended fat intake． Giving students chicken， pasta， an apple and son＝me milk will decrease the calories by 78% and fat by 80%．22.I don't mean to （1）________the lunch ladies of America． They are under a lot of pressure （压力）to prepare food for a lot of students every day． but they（2）________very little money． Who wants to work under such conditions？ I also don't think we should slop children from eating some fast food （3）________﹣just not every day．From now on， we have to（4）________our children eat healthily． The government should give schools more money for school lunches and make schools teach students how to cook． Students will get better food and know how to make better food．Let's change school lunches for our children!四、 Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）（共8分23. Most________in Shanghai now have enough place for people to exercise，（community）24. Every class will prepare a programme to celebrate the________birthday of our school，（fifty）25. The famous________has given us three lectures on law this month，（law）26. My parents keep on encouraging me to be confident， independeniand________．（power）27. I plan to learn a little________before I go to Rome．（Italy）28. Unfortunately， the serious flood________destroyed the whole village，（complete）29. One serious________of the area is the lack of public transport，（advantage）30. Students are encouraged to take an________part in different kinds of school activities，（act）五、Rewrite the following sentences as required （根据所给要求，改写下列句子．每空格限填一词（14分）31. The professor preferred to speak French during his speech．（改为一般疑问句）________the professor________to speak French during his speech？32. The volunteers go to the kindergarten to play with kids twice a week．（对划线部分提闷＞________do the volunteers go to the kindergarten to play with kids？33. The policeman showed the tourists the way to the railway station．（改为被动语态）The tourists________the way to the railway station by the policeman．34. There could be some reasons why the machine didn't work．（改为反意疑问句} There could be some reasons why the machine didn't work．________？35. What do you think of the TV programme called Running Man？（保持句意基本不变）________do you________the TV programme called Running Man？36. ‘Did you write a letter to your parents？" The teacher asked the students．（改为宾语从句）The teacher asked the students if they________a letter to their parents．37. deal with the． I． to．serious，don't know， how，．situation （．）（连词成句）________六、 Reading comprehension （阅读理解）（共 50 分}38. Choose the best answer （根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（1）． If you are free on the evening of May 5th． you can attend________•A Test like a ChampionB Be Confident!C Get Organized NowD Good﹣bye 10Procrastination．（2）． You often gee into arguments with people around you．"________"might be useful．A Good﹣bye to Procrastination B Be Confident! C Calm Down! D Test like a Champion．（3）． Kale Yang， the professor you like best， will give a lecture at the learningarrive________•A at 13：00﹣4：00 p．m． May 4thB at 8：00 p．m． May 5thC at 8：00 a．m．May 4thD at 7：00 p．m． May 5th．（4）． The underlined word procrastination in the passage means________．A 拖延B 浪费C 懒惰D 麻烦．（5）． Which of the following subtitles can be filled in the blank in the passage？________A Stop WorryingB Make It HappenC Don't Waste Time!D Keep It in Order!．（6）． The purpose of the upcoming events is to________．A help apply for a new jobB help find important information quicklyC help get started on big projectD help people reach their goals．39. Choose the best answer and complete the passage （选择最洽当的选项完成短文）Imagine going to your doctor with frequent headaches． Your doctor takes a prescription pad （药方） and writes a word on it．The word isn't ‘aspirin',it's ‘Mozart'．The idea isn't so far﹣fetched． Many kinds of music can stir （激发） the imagination and （1）_______strong feeling． Scientists have found Mozart's music to be remarkable in its ability to calm its listeners．Many amazing cases have been known using Mozart as a healing aid．（2）_______, a tiny newly﹣born baby named Krissy, who weighed just pounds at birth, was on total life support． Doctors thought she had little chance of survival． Her mother insisted on playing Mozart for Krissy, and thinks it saved her daughter's life． Krissy lived, but she was very small for her （3）_______and slower than the average child． At the age of four, she showed an interest in music and her parents gave her violin lessons． To their astonishment, Krissy was able to play musical pieces from memory that were far beyond the ability of an average four﹣year﹣old． Playing music （4）_______her improve in all areas of her life．And there are other stories． Officials in Washington State report that new arrivals from Asia learn English more （5）_______when they listen to Mozart． Even animals respond to Mozart． In France, cows listening to Mozart give more milk．Why Mozart, rather than Bach or the Beatles? Any kind of music can have an effect on some people． But Mozart has more （6）_______． It isn't too fast or too show; it's just right． Don Campbell, who wrote a book called The Mozart Effect, says, "It's like food． A hot spicy meal will affect you differently than a sweet dessert． And while you might love these foods, they aren't good for you to eat every day． You need simple, nutritious （营养的） food on a steady basis． That's the way Mozart is． It's like a nutritionally balanced meal that does good to your body．"（1）A proveB PredictC preventD produce（2）A In factB At firstC For exampleD After all（3）A ageB heightC weightD body（4）A requiredB helpedC invitedD ordered（5）A happilyB correctlyC quicklyD loudly（6）A balanceB energyC powerD wonder40. Fill in the blanks with proper words （在短文的空格内填入进当的词，使其内容通顺．每空格限填一词，首字母己给）"Au pair，" originally a French term， refers to a foreigner who lives with a family so he/she can learn the family's language and culture， while at the same time he/she takes care of the family's children and/or cleans the house in return for food， accommodations and a small s （1）________． In recent years， many young Chinese have become au pairs in other countries， and many young foreigners have moved to China to work as au pairs．The magazine ，Women of China recently interviewed three young Chinese， and three foreigners in China， each of whom shared his/her respective experiences as an au pairs．The following is from an au pair called Natalia Martinez Perez， Republic of ColombiaI am 19 years old， and I come from Cali， a city in the Republic of Colombia． I have good relations with my brother and cousins． I love children， and I consider myself to be a happy person， who is able to make others happy as well． My dream is to travel around the w （2）________， and to learn about different cultures and languages．I saw the beautiful scenery of China and I learned about Chinese culture from m （3）________and dramas that I watched． I have always been keen to travel to China since I fell in love with China and its culture． I respect the Chinese culture， and I want to know more about it．I was an au pair in some other countries before I moved to China in October 2015． When I heard about the opportunity to go to China， via Outuo （OT） International， a Shanghai ﹣based au pair agency， in 2015， I immediately applied．Now， I live with my host family in Shanghai． The family has a daughter． I have d （4）________a good relationship with the girl， her parents and their relatives． The girl says she really likes me． She asks me to tell her a story before she goes to sleep each night．I teach the girl English after she finishes her homework． I teach her in various interesting ways， and she has developed a great interest in learning English． I cook Colombian food for the girl sometimes， and we also like to go shopping together．Becoming an au pair has p（5）________a good opportunity for me to experience different cultures in different countries． I think I am having an a （6）________experience in China．41. Answer the questions （报据以下内容回答问越）We all form first impressions when we use new products， go to new places， and meet new people．We sometimes call these impressions or feelings ‘gut react and our intuition （直觉） or instinct causes them． Some people believe that intuition is very important and can help us live better lives． Shannon Healy is one such person．Healy is a strong believer that all people have natural powers of intuition． In her book，she says that most people， however， don't pay enough attention to （heir "gut feelings．" Her new book． Use Your Intuition， is full of stories of people who used their intuition to find love and success． For example， a young woman made a quick decision between two job offers． She chose one by paying attention to her "gut feeling'*that she would enjoy the work more， even though the pay was lower． I（ turned out lo be a good choice． Each chapter of Healy's book has a specific focus， such as love． work， children， or health． The exercises in the book give people practice on howto use their intuition to have success in all these areas．Sometimes Healy also leaches students about using the power of intuition in workshops where she lives ﹣ In Jacksonville． Florida． Some people travel hundreds of miles to attend her workshops．Use your Intuition is already a bestseller!（88）． What do some people think of intuition？They________（89）．Most people pay much attention to their "gut feelings"， don't they？________（90）．What kind of stories can you find in her new book？________（91）．Why did the young woman accept the job with lower pay？________（92）．How can Shannon Healy's book help its readers？________（93）．Do you think people will always be successful with the help of intuition？ Why or why not？________七、riting （作文）（共20分）42. Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic "My joy of living"（以"我的生活乐趣"为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格）生活有艰辛，也有乐趣，你的生活乐趣是什么？你为何觉得这是你的乐趣所在？你是怎么想的？怎么做的？（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他栩关倍息，否则不予评分．）My joy of living2017年上海市虹口区中考英语二模试卷答案1. B2. A3. C4. B5. B6. A7. B8. B9. C10. B11. D12. C13. A14. B15. D16. D17. B18. A19. C20. A21. C,D,E,A22. E,A,C,B23. communities24. fiftieth25. lawer26. powerful27. Italian28. completely29. disadvantage30. active31. Did,prefer32. How often33. were showed34. couldn't there35. How,like36. had written37. I don't know how to deal with the serious situation．38. BCAABD39. DCABCA40. alary,orld,ovies,eveloped,rovided,mazing41. believe that intuition is very important and can help us live better lives．,No，theydon't．,The stories of people who used their intuition to find love andsuccess．,Becauseher"gutfeeling'thatshewouldenjoytheworkmore,The exercises in the book give people practice on how to use their intuition to have success in all these areas．,No，Idon'tBecauseintuitionisnotthetruth42. My joy of livingMy joy of living is Hope． Hope is a cat． I first saw her on a street and it was raining． She looked dirty， cold and hungry． Obviously she had nowhere to go． So I decided to take ithome．（如何得到Hope的） In the following days， we had a wonderful time together． Although I knew she might not understand， I fed her and talked to her sometimes．【高分句型一】 She always followed me wherever I went．（我和Hope相处的乐趣） She brings me happiness． Since I have Hope， my life is full of sunshine．（为什么感到有乐趣）I regard her as my good friend．【高分句型二】Sometimes， I say something about my school to her．（我是怎么想和做的）。

虹口区2017学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2017.12考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷 (共100分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 2:02. B. 2:20. C. 2:50. D. 2:32.2. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Teacher and student.D. Boss and clerk.3. A. At a hairdresser’s. B. At the dentist’s.C. At a fashion show.D. At the tailor’s.4. A. The man lost his way. B. The man was locked in the room.C. He couldn’t open the door.D. He didn’t want to enter the room.5. A. She is working at a newspaper.B. She used to change her job quite often.C. She often has lunch with her supervisor.D. She wants her supervisor’s comments on her work.6. A. The man’s glasses are up to date.B. The man should wear his glasses in class.C. The man should have changed his glasses.D. The man shouldn’t sit at the back of the classroom.7. A. Take the bus with him. B. Drive him home from the station.C. Call him this evening.D. Drive him to the station.8. A. Where he is studying. B. What subject he is studying.C. How long he has been abroad.D. When he is returning.9. A. She wants to buy a new computer. B. She wants to know more about computers.C. She is unwilling to listen to the man.D. She believes what the man is talking about.10. A. Because she hasn’t shown up. B. Because she drives too slowly.C. Because she is very rude to him.D. Because she is always in a rush.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A laboratory assistant. B. A doctor.C. A teacher of a laboratory.D. A professor in the hospital.12. A. He will be punished severely.B. He will be dropped from the class.C. He can make up the classes.D. He will be allowed to remain if he has a good excuse.13. A. It should be cut.B. It must be fastened tightly back.C. It should be reported as an accident.D. The long hair wearer will be asked to leave the class.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In the 1870s. B. In 1926. C. By 1940. D. By 1817.15. A. He wanted to cut back production costs.B. He wanted the working people to earn more money.C. He thought the Americans’ life should be organized in a better way.D. He thought the five-day workweek was good for the economy.16. A. People drink a lot of alcohol.B. Night movies sell more tickets.C. TV shows more films of murder and love.D. People do things with emotion and purpose at night.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The design of the courses. B. The choice of the courses.C. The registration of the courses.D. The evaluation of the courses.18. A. Mathematics. B. Modern History.C. Chemistry.D. International Trade.19. A. Go directly to the classes. B. Ask other students for help.C. Speak to Professor Anderson.D. Go to the registration office first.20. A. To register at least one selective course every term.B. To register for at least one course each year.C. To register for the courses before the deadline.D. To choose no more than two courses every term.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How to deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (21) ______ (treat) unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (22) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, (23) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (24) ______ you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (25) ______ you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” said HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see (26) ______ there are ways to improve the situation.”Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when (28) ______ (tell) someone how they want things to be.”But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not workin g properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them (29) ______ (fix) everything technically.” he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “(30) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually disappear.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our 31 , by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid 32 problems in the future.Making ethical （伦理的）decisions is a(n) 33 part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t make responsible choices. To 34 risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For e xample, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as 35 . But the fact that su ch a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a 36 .Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,”“I’m not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not37 because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and38 excuses. If we fool ourselves into 39 we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making--and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or 40 of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Migrant workersIn the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have 41 most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the 42 in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 43 outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.In view of the 44 living and working conditions in the Middle East, surprising it is not that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a 45 attraction. An allied (联合的) benefit is the low 46 or a complete lack of it. This 47 the amount of pay received byvisiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating(补偿的) advantage. 48 , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort. 49 , many migrant workers can save large sum of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater 50 to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do 51 work in their home country.One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are 52 ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be 53 since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this 54 , along with others, because of the 55 financial benefits which they receive.41. A. presented B. devoted C. adapted D. restricted42. A. style B. evidence C. case D. hint43. A. call in B. bring up C. turn down D. help out44. A. excellent B. difficult C. fair D. stable45. A. casual B. familiar C. major D. final46. A. consumption B. pressure C. competition D. taxation47. A. occupies B. increases C. blocks D. protects48. A. For example B. In particular C. By comparison D. In other words49. A. Therefore B. Likewise C. Consequently D. However50. A. agreement B. outcome C. prediction D. challenge51. A. skillful B. vivid C. routine D. potential52. A. temporary B. ordinary C. voluntary D. revolutionary53. A. claimed B. criticized C. considered D. expected54. A. sacrifice B. reminder C. disadvantage D. appreciation55. A. limited B. considerable C. reasonable D. potentialSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Forty-three years ago, a man took a “small step” on the moon and brought mankind a “giant leap” forward. As the first person to walk on the moon, American astronaut Neil Armstrong is a man whose name will be remembered for generations to come.But being the first is never easy. With so many unknowns about space at that time, Armstrong himself was surprised that Apollo 11 actually worked. He thought he and his partners had only a 50 percent chanceof a successful landing back in 1969.It was tough indeed. When the module(登月舱)was approaching the moon’s surface, the computer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it was an unsafe place to stop.As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touched the ground, “there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,” he said in an interview earlier this year.Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. But Armstrong responded with a chuckle(轻声笑), saying: “It was neve r a concern to me because I knew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.”For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gave interviews and didn’t like talking about his achievemen t. He stopped giving his signatures when he found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.“I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger(记账簿) of our daily work,” Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he felt knowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: “I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.”Armstrong passed away last month at the age of 82, but he will be remembered. “The next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give hima wink (眨眼示意),” his family said t o Reuters.56. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong __________.A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work wellB. believed the module would land safely on the moonC. had prepared himself to face possible failureD. planned to land the module on the moon by himself57. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon?A. He was angry.B. He was troubled by it.C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong.D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.58.By saying “I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of ourdaily work”, Armstrong meant that __________.A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognizedB. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successesC. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less importantD. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment59. Which of the following best describes Armstrong?A. He was ambitious.B. He tried to avoid the spotlight.C. He balanced his life and work well.D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.(B)You may read the questions first.Indian Heroes and Great ChieftainsThe book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it.Name: Sitting BullBirth: 1831Death: 12-15-1890He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a 1997documentary (纪录片) — The Great Tribes, he was known as a holy man, acomposer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Sioux and CheyenneNations unified. He was advised to go on a European tour in 1887, but heturned it down to defend these two nations from being separated again. He ledhis people during years of resistance to United States government policies andwas killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.Name: Crazy HorseBirth: 1842Death: 9-5-1877Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior（勇士）and a gentle leader as well as abrave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux,celebrated for hisbattle skills as well as his efforts to preserve Native American traditions andway of life. Resisting efforts to force the Sioux on to reservations, hefought alongside Sitting Bull and others in the American-Indian Wars.Charles Eastman described him in his book Indian Heroes as “a man of deedsand not of words”.Name: Red CloudBirth: 1822Death: 12-10-1909He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills. In1868, he refused to sign a treaty(条约), which stated that the Black Hillsdidn’t belong to people. The treaty also stated that these areas couldn’t beentered without the government’s permission. According to Eastman’sbook Indian Heroes, he was said to have fought against the treaty, forcing thegovernment to give in and pull out of the area.Name: Lozen QuanahBirth: late 1840sDeath: 1890Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself to the people.She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good atriding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skillwas considered to be “one of the most honored skills among the Indians”.60. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse?A. He was friendly to his soldier.B. He showed great courage.C. He was a great talker.D. He was respected.61. From the passage we can infer that __________.A. Sitting Bull disliked travelingB. Indian Heroes was a book on Indian historyC. in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrowsD. in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses62. The main purpose of the passage is to __________.A. show Indians’ lives to readersB. describe great Indian heroes and heroinesC. show the history of the IndiansD. comment on a history book(C)Crude awakeningA battle between two energy exchanges[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit(公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark（基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--self-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________.A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading formB. partners that benefit each other in their business activitiesC. rivals that are competing in the oil trading marketD. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice64. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.A. backwardnessB. disappointmentsC. engineersD. problems65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.A. trading volume in the IPE’s n ew morning electronic session is fallingB. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than DublinC. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of IrelandD. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businessesB. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shownC. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each otherD. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting betterSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. 67 For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory (义务的) volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. 68Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. 69 The researchers note that attention shoul d be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. 70 Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.”Consistent with the researchers’expectations, they found a positive relationship between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to definite advice: “Once an individual begins vo lunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wilderness TherapyWhen most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy –someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort(陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.（请将答案写在答题纸上）第II卷（共40分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 熬夜大大影响健康。

上海二模各区完型汇编2017宝山区TraditionArt SurvivingNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved ontopoles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian totem（图腾）totem poles, but this is far from the truth . Carving totem poles was a carve的tribes （部落）tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast(22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south Indians , but (23)_________(few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.west and the plains , andThe height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue tocare trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dugfor the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds ofpeople attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27) ___________thecarving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of(28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey thetribes' history . The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation . Having the story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) __________(recognize) inour history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30) _______ __________ decay androt. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.II. Grammar and Vocabulary25. It 24. were found 22. where 23. fewer 21. that30. because of29. recognized 26. to raise 27. before 28. acting崇明区Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones (遥控飞机) to transport food and drinks from the kitchen to a wait station near customers' tables.Infinium Robotics, the Singapore company that's developing the drones for restaurant chain Timbre, has spent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night21 business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does the drone know where to hover (盘旋)? What if someone bumps into the drone or is standing in its way? “There's no chance at all 22 it will hit anything,”says Infinium Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait) in the kitchen. 24 the chef putsan order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build) into the drone won't allow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones are equipped with sonar (声纳系统) and an infrared sensor (红外线传感器), too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 26 sends itback to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 27 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as 28 (much) food.“Its job is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks, ”Woon said. “If they let the robots 29 (do) the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about higher customer satisfaction and dining experience.”Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10countries, including the United States.II. Grammar and Vocabulary（共20分。

IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Safe Is Your Bed?Do you consider your bed a safe place of rest and calm? Do you sink into a mattress (床垫) after a hard day’s work and feel tension and stress drain away as you rest your weary head on a soft pillow? Well, you might not feel so relaxed if you knew that tiny pests were hiding there! It seems that beds may not be such a good place for our health and happiness ---- they could actually be making us ill!Recent studies have shown that bacteria, fungi and dust mites (螨虫), some smaller than the diameter of a hair, live in our bedding. When we move around in our sleep, we disturb them and they are bounced up into the air -- which we then breathe in as we sleep. According to the American Lung Association, four out of five households in the United States now have high levels of dust mites, although it’s not the mites themselves that cause the problems, but their droppings. These are “highly allergenic(致敏的)” according to Dr William Berger, a fellow with the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. “Even if you aren’t allergic… they can still irritate you, the way pepper would if it blew into your nose and eyes.”Brendan Boor, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering, who carries out bed research, also found that bed dust in the air leads to allergies -- causing watery eyes, sneezing, coughs and asthma. He has recommended ways to limit our exposure to these boring allergens: Firstly, he suggests vacuuming your mattress regularly –weekly, or even daily. He also recommends doing away with carpets and washing floors. Using allergen-proof bed covers, he says, can reduce the risk of getting allergies. In addition, washing bedding and pillows frequently can help, as can a portable air cleaner placed near the bed.If you do as Brendan Boor suggests, you will breathe in cleaner air as you sleep … or will you? Is it really safe for you to go back in your bed?IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moustache（胡子）for Cash“Movember”, as the annual event is known, sees men in countries including the UK, US and Australia grow out their facial hair while collecting sponsorship money from friends, family and colleagues, with the money going to cancer charities.The month of no shaving began unofficially in 2003, when a pair of men from Australia persuaded their family to join them in growing a moustache in order to encourage men to get themselves checked for cancer, which is seen as distasteful by some males. A year later, the group decided to set up the Movember Foundation, asking friends and colleagues to offer donations of money to support their efforts, and raised a massive A$54,000 which was shared between a number of health projects. With thanks most likely to social media, Movember soon went global and the foundation now operates worldwide, having raised over ￡440 million since 2004. The effects of the fundraising are wide-reaching, which had made a significant discovery in the treatment of cancer.The issue of some men being too self-willed to visit their doctor for a checkup, or perhaps being raised in a culture of “tough it out”, has led some males to neglect their health, which may mean it could be too late if something potentially deadly did develop. However, Movember is helping to break down the shame of male health by making it more accessible, meaning that men are more likely to visit their doctors. They found a way to appeal to men in a way that other campaigns just don’t – with a sort of blokey① jokiness.①blokey: behaving in a way that is supposed to be typical of men , especially men enjoying themselves in a group.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Every year, more and more parents complain to their children’s schools about PE. They believe that their children shouldn’t have to participate in physical activity if they don’t want to .Supporters of PE, however, believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our society’s well-being. They insist PE in schools remains one of the few places by which the youth can be forced to participate in aerobic exercise.Firstly, they believe that participation in sport promotes health. In fact physical education is a springboard for involvement in sport and physical activities throughout life. Government is, or should be, concerned with the health of its citizens. Encouraging physical activity in the young through compulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise. This doesn’t have to be through traditional team sports; increasingly schools are able to offer exercise in the form of swimming, gymnastics, dance, etc.Besides, physical education helps to develop character and the mutual（相互的）respect required to succeed in an adult environment. Playing team sports builds character and encourages students to work with others, as they would be expected to do in most business or sporting environments. Sport teaches children how to win and lose with good grace and builds a strong school spirit through competition with other institutions. It is often the experience of playing on a team together that builds the strongest friendships at school, which endure for years afterwards.Finally, the pursuit for national sporting achievement begins in schools. If schools don’t have compulsory PE, it is much harder to pick out, develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage. However, it’s much easier to find suitable individuals with a full sports program in every school.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.HopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke（中风），that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said,“Maybe Grandma will be okay.”“Maybe she will,”I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventually returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the year, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment（理想破灭）. How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That’s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+ and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention(干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change - I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. So many people are intimidated by the words “quit sugar”. It’s not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are natural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I’m 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is w here I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network, online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you’re down. And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body will thank you, and you will thank yourself too.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are various means consumers can do if they find that an item they bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the placeof purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general st atements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer’s rights.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purposes, and that's not why this is here.Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I’m already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I'm not stressed out.Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell. Metrical (格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually this is done by setting up a rhythm and then breaking it or almost breaking it, and then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.Poetry plays with language and often puts words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way that food can be, when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over, always finding new things in it.And, of course, there’s the subject matter. It interests me ju st as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wearable technology can reportedly tell you a lot more than just the number of calories you’re burning or how many steps you’ve walked… That clever smartwatch can actually tell that you’re about to get a cold, days before you start feeling poorly. As New Scientist reports, researchers at Stanford University in California have discovered that wearable tech can now detect when you’re about to fall prey to (感染) a frightening winter bug, simply by tracking your vital statistics.After monitoring 40 smartwatch users for up to two years, the team has demonstrated that the devices can be used to detect the first signs of coming illness. The particip ants’ pulse and skin temperature were continuously monitored throughout the period, with the scientists noting that their smartwatches recorded unusually higher heart rates and skin temperatures up to three days before the volunteers began displaying symptoms of cold or flu.Study leader Michael Snynder said: “Once these wearables collect enough data to know what your normal baseline readings are, they can get very good at sensing when something goes wrong. We think that if your heart rate and skin temperat ure are elevated for about two hours, there’s a strong chance you’re getting sick.” “Continuous tracking of your vital signs is more informative than having a doctor measure them once a year and comparing them with population averages,” he added.The team now hopes to create an algorithm (算法) that will let smartwatches notify you when you’re about to get sick. Well, at least that might give us the chance to stock up on vitaminsand wrap up warm before the germ attacks!IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Fun Offices Make Workers Happier?In order to make their employees happier, companies around the world have been busy installing play equipment in the workplace. Table football, computer games and action figures have become common in some workplaces.Despite all this effort, unfortunately, work still makes people unhappy. According to a study by the London School of Economics, the place where people feel most miserable is work.To proceed with an emphasis on being happy, however, other emotions are crowded out. Anger, sadness, anxiety and uncertainty all become a no-no. Such a ban on negative emotions can be emotionally bad for employees. A number of studies have shown that being able to express a range of positive and negative emotions is important, particularly when people are dealing with difficult experiences.Besides, being constantly on the lookout for happiness may actually drive happiness away from us. Scientists have found that when we talk about how important happiness is, we become less likely to find it, even when we have experiences that usually make us happy.Wanting to be happy at work is fair enough, but being forced to be happy at work can be troubling. If companies were genuinely interested in making their employees happy, they would perhaps look at some more “down-to-eart h” interventions (务实的干预). A simple step would be to stop interrupting workers with all sorts of pointless demands such as long emails and unnecessary forms. A study by Harvard Business School found workers felt most satisfied on days when they were able to focus on a piece of work and make meaningful progress on it.In short, if companies really want to make their employees happier, they should think long and hard before pointless restructuring.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years , people have sailed across the oceans to trade , explore and transportgoods . However , not every ship arrives at its port of destination . Weather ,war , navigation mistakes and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks , which are estimated to number more than three million , have long fascinated us . In addition to being historically important , they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters . Ships carrying documents and artifact can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events . For instance , in 1997 the Pandora , which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia . The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny (暴动) on another ship ----- the Bounty . Another important discovery off the US coast in 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge , the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration ,as companies use advanced sonar , robots and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships . One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration . The company has found hundreds of ships , including , in 2007 , a Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship , which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean , carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million . Soon after the discovery , a long legal battle over ownership rights took place between the company and the Spanish government . Cases like these are part of an ongoing debate about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moving My CurfewFor some time now , I have had an 8:00 p.m. curfew ---the time by which I have to be at home , even on weekends. When I was younger , I didn’t really complain . But now I have reached an age when this curfew is no longer suitable . For several reasons , it is clearly time to move my curfew to 10:00 p.m. on weekends.First of all , I ’m soon going to be an adult , like all teenagers , I need practice handling the greater freedom that goes along with being an adult . When teenagers don’t get practice handling freedom , they often make many serious mistakes. For example , some teenagers go away to college and suddenly they don’t know how to handle it , and they get into trouble . I上海市各区2017届高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编：摘要写作Summary Writingbelieve it is better to increase freedom gradually . That may the teenager learners how to handle freedom responsibly . I believe I could handle a later curfew without making serious mistakes in judgment.A later curfew is also important to me because I’m an active student . As you know , I am often on the committee in charge of running extra-curricular activities .Because of my present curfew , I have to finish school activities over an hour before they are over. Others students must take over for me when I leave . A 10:00 curfew would allow me to stay until the end of school functions and give me enough time to get home without rushing .Finally , I am a teenager who can be trusted to handle a 10:00 p.m curfew . I know that many teenagers cannot handle much responsibility . However , I am clearly not that kind of teenager. I have proven myself to be a very responsible person . For example , I have never been in serious trouble , either at school or in the company . I also hold a part-time job and still manage to maintain a “B” average in school . In other words , I am a person who uses my time wisely , meets responsibilities an stays out of trouble .11。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In this section we consider what you can do to train your brain to improve your game playing skills.1. Daily workoutIt is very easy to find tactical puzzles and train. However, you must try to solve them. Don‘t just stare at the position for 10 seconds and then turn to the solution. You won‘t learn anything. Have a go at trying to solve the puzzle. If you got it right then great ---- well done. However, if you got it wrong, then have another look. Ask yourself questions such as the following:●Why did I get it wrong?●What was wrong with my solution?●What was the weakness that the tactic exploited?Where can you find tactical puzzles?It‘s easy. They are everywhere. Many newspapers, including Independent, and magazines have a daily or weekly chess puzzle. Key ―chess puzzles‖ into Google and you‘ll find a whole load of them. There are plenty of puzzle books.2. Use softwareNowadays chess software is terribly cheap. World Champion Vladimir Kramnik recently lost a match 4 – 2 against a software program. This program is available for about ￡30.In general, people use chess software for the wrong reasons. They often play game after game against the machine and get beaten every time. Bored with this, they turn the playing level right down so that the program is almost playing random moves and then they can beat it every time and feel better.Neither method will help you improve. However, chess software can be a fantastically useful learning tool if used in two particular ways.The first is if you have tried to solve a puzzle but it‘s a bit too difficult and you don‘t really understand the solution. Never mind ---- well done for trying. Now set the position up on the program and try different moves. Chess software is faultless at tactical play. It will instantly tellyou the right and wrong moves and why they do or don‘t work.Secondly you can run over games you have played to learn where you have gone wrong and where you could have improved. Get into the habit of keeping the score (i.e. writing down the moves) of games that you play. This will help you to improve and refine your understanding of tactical themes and patterns.56. What would be the best title of this passage?A. How to Train Your BrainB. Where to Find Tactical PuzzlesC. Daily Workout and Use of SoftwareD. How to Improve Your Chess-Playing Skills57. The underlined part ―tactical puzzles‖ in the second paragraph most probably means ______.A. puzzles making us better understand themes and patterns of difficult gamesB. puzzles showing us how to train our brains to think more effectivelyC. puzzles teaching us some skills to play more difficult gamesD. puzzles only teaching us how to play chess games well58. Which of the following would be the right way of using chess software?A. Playing as many games against the machine as possible.B. Always trying difficult puzzles to improve your chess skills.C. Running over games you‘ve played to learn from mistakes and improve.D. Turning the playing level down to build your self confidence and feel better.59. What does the writer think about chess software?A. Chess software will help a lot if properly used.B. Chess software below 30 pounds is too cheap to use.C. Chess software is a fantastically useful learning toolin daily work.D. Chess software helps improve understanding of tactical themes and patterns.Keys:56-59: DBCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Born in 1823 in Wales, Alfred Russel Wallace was a man of modest means, but he had a passion for nature and he chose to follow it. He started out collecting insects as a hobby, but eventually his longing for adventure led him to explore the world.Luckily for Wallace, Victorian Britain was discovering an interest in weird and wonderful insects, so the demand from museums and private collections for these beasts was growing. Wallace was able to make a living doing what he loved: collecting beetles and other insects.But his first trip of exploring the world ended in disaster. Wallace proceeded to the Amazon in South America. Its giant forests promised a wealth of new species, sure to put him on the scientific map. The trip took 6 weeks and involved every mode of transport in existence at the time. After four years Wallace set off for home, but his boat caught fire in the middle of the Atlantic. Everyone survived, but Wallace had to watch in despair as his samples went up in flames –including live animals he was bringing home that were trying to jump free of the flames. But he did not let it stop him.In 1854, Wallace set off on another adventure, this time to the Malay Archipelago. Wallace found himself humbled by the new and exciting things he saw. He later recalled: ―As I lie listening to these interesting sounds, I think how many besides myself have longed to see with their own eyes the many wonderful and beautiful things which I am daily encountering.‖In 1858, Wallace wrote what became known as the ―Ternate essay‖: a piece of writing that was to change our understanding of life forever. In his essay, Wallace argued that a species would only turn into another species if it was struggling for existence. Henry W. Bates was one of many scientists delighted by the idea of evolution by natural selection. In a letter to Wallace, he wrote: ―The idea is like truth itself, so simple and obvious that those who read and understand it will be struck by its simplicity; and yet it is perfectly original.‖56. __________ finally caused Wallace to explore the world.A. His strong affection for natureB. His life-long devotion to beastsC. His deep love for adventureD. Increasing demand for insects57. Which of the following is TRUE about Wallace‘s first trip?A. It took him six weeks to explore the Amazon with all kinds of transportation.B. He made a scientific study of a fairly limited number of insects.C. The fire cost him his four years‘ collection of animals.D. His passion cooled after the disaster.58. Wallace felt _____ on the Malay Archipelago.A. fearlessB. luckyC. challengedD. risky59. Wallace‘s idea on evolution of natural selection __________.A. made no sense at that timeB. built up a new concept of lifeC. was too simple to be trueD. revealed the origin of natureKeys:56-59 CCBBSection BDirections: Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions or unfinishedstatements. Foreach ofthemtherearefour choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choose the onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Dear Cutie-Pie,Recently, your mother and I were searching for an answer on Google. Half way through entering the question, Google returned a list of the most popular searches in the world. At the top of the list was ―How to keep him interested.‖It surprised me a lot. I scanned several of the countless articles about how to be sexy and sexual, when to bring him a beer versus a sandwich, and the ways to make him feel smart and superior.And I got angry.Little One, it is not, has never been, and never will be your job to ―keep him interested.‖Little One, your only task is to know deeply in your soul—in that unshakeable place that isn‘t upset by rejection and loss—that you are worthy of interest.If you can trust your worth in this way, you will be attractive in the most important sense ofthe world: you will attract a boy who is both capable of interest and who wants to spend his one life investing all of his interest in you.Little One, I want to tell you about t he boy who doesn‘t need to be kept interested, because he knows you are interesting.I don‘t care if he can‘t play a bit of golf with me—as long as he can play with the children you give him and revel in all the glorious and frustrating ways they are just like you. I don‘t care if he doesn‘t follow his wallet—as long as he follows his heart and it always leads him back to you. I don‘t care if he is strong—as long as he gives you the space to exercise the strength that is in your heart. I couldn‘t care less how he votes—as long as he wakes up every morning and daily elects you to a place of honor in your home and a place of respect in his heart. I don‘t care about the color of his skin. I don‘t care if he was raised in this religion or that religion or no re ligion.Little One, if you come across a man like that and he and I have nothing else in common, we will have the most important thing in common: You.Because in the end, Little One, the only thing you should have to do to ―keep him interested‖ is to be you.Your eternally interested guy,Daddy56. What shocked Daddy when he was surfing on the Internet?A. Girls‘ knowing nothing about trusting themselves.B. Girls‘ giving priority to finding ways to please boys.C. Girls‘ bringing foods and drinks to boys from time to time.D. Girls‘ being upset by being rejected constantly.57. Father thinks what is of primary importance to his daughter is to ____________.A. keep the boy interestedB. know she deserves a boy‘s interestC. attract a boy willing to invest all in herD. find a boy who can please her58. According to the passage, what does the underlined word ―revel‖ mean?A. feel depressedB. become puzzledC. look aroundD. enjoy himself59. What‘s the main purpose of this letter?A. To advise his daughter to trust her worth.B. To inform his daughter how to keep others interested.C. To show his daughter how to find her true love.D. To help his daughter find someone with common interests.Keys:56—59 B B D ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)When Frank and I stepped through the post office doors, there was a crowd gathered, gawking at the new fixture on the wall like a chorus of wide-mouthed frogs. I had to get closer, and that was where being a girl that's scrawnier than a wire fence came in handy. Fortunately, Frank, my twin of eleven years, was just the same."Come on." I said, grabbing his hand, and we slid through the cracks between people until we spilled out in front.Finally I got a good look. It was fixed to the plaster next to the postmaster's window, the place of honor usually reserved for the Wanted posters. Beady-eyed Zedekiah Smith, the bank robber, still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more important.A telephone. The first one in town."How's it work?" Noah Crawford called out. Noah's the best fix-it man around, and I could tell he was itching to get his fingers on those shiny knobs."Don't rightly know," answered the postmaster, and he tugged at his goatee as if it might tell him. "I do know the sound of your voice moves along wires strung on poles. It's sort of like the telegraph, only you hear words instead of dots and dashes.""Ah," the crowd murmured, and I felt my own mouth move along.I gazed at that gleaming wood box and something happened inside me. Something — I can only guess — that might be like falling in love. The thought of talking into that box — of making my voice sail through wires in the sky — it took over my brain. I couldn't get it out."Frank," I whispered to my twin. "I have to use that telephone."Five minutes later, Frank towed me up Main Street, toward home. "Liza — " he began, but I cut him off. We two thought so much alike, I had Frank's questions answered before he even asked.56. People crowded in the post office because ___________.A. they were attracted by a new posterB. the postmaster was delivering a speechC. they were curious about the telephoneD. there was a wanted bank robber captured57. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage?A. Many people stared at the new device in open-mouthed amazement.B. The slight-figured twins managed to push to the front of the crowd.C. Even the best fix-it man in the town got no idea about the new device.D. The postmaster didn‘t know anything about how the telephone worked.58. By― It took over my brain. I couldn’t get it out.‖,we get a clear picture of the girl‘s ______.A. eagerness to use the telephoneB. fascination for the wood boxC. puzzlement over the strange soundD. determination to fly in the sky59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The twins‘ frustrating experiences in the town.B. A special assembly called in the local post office.C. People‘s reaction to the arrival of the first telephone.D. A great celebration of the start of telephone service.Keys:56-59 CDACSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AI used to think ants knew what they were doing. The onesmarching across my kitchen counter looked so confident; I just figuredthey had a plan, knew where they were going and what needed to bedone. How else could ants organize highways, build elaborate nests,launch impressive attacks, and do all the other things ants do?Turns out I was wrong. Ants aren‘t clever little engineers, architects, or soldiersafter all --- at least not as individuals. When it comes to deciding what to do next, most ants don‘t have a clue. ―If you watch an ant try to accomplish something, you‘ll be impressed by how awkward it is,‖ says Deborah M. Gordon, a biologist at Stanford University.―Ants aren‘t smart,‖ Gordon says. ―Ant colonies are.‖ A colony can solve p roblems unthinkable for individual ants, such as finding the shortest path to the best food source, assigning workers to different tasks, or defending a territory from neighbors. As individuals, ants might be tiny dummies, but as colonies they respond quickly and effectively to their environment. They do it with something called collective intelligence.Where this intelligence comes from raises an essential question in nature: How do the simple actions of individual ants add up to the complex behavior of a group? How do hundreds of honey-bees make a critical decision about their hive(蜂巢)if many of them disagree? The collective abilities of such animals --- one of which grasps the big picture, but each of which contributes to the group‘s success --- seem miraculous even to the biologists who know them best. Yet during the past few decades, researchers have come up with fascinating insights.56. The author‘s former false impression about ants is that he thought them to be _______.A. smartB. awkwardC. elaborateD. creative57. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Ants will function as a single body once a decision is made by the commander.B. Ants are the only species which developed collective intelligence.C. The ant queen plays a role in managing ant workers besides laying eggs.D. An individual ant can‘t comprehend the whole process of a big movement.58. The paragraph following the passage will most probably deal with _______.A. where we can observe such fantastic behavior of antsB. which is the leading ant in charge of the actionC. how the collective intelligence worksD. what inspiration can be drawn from the collective abilitiesKEYS: 56-58 ADCSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If your in-box is currently reporting unread messages in the hundreds or thousands, you might have a hard time believing the news: e-mail is on the decline.At first thought, that might seem to be the case. The incoming generation, after all, doesn‘t do e-mail. Oh, they might have an account. They use it only as we would use a fax machine: as a means to communicate with old-school folks like their parents or to fulfill the sign-up requirements of Web sites. They rarely check it, though.Today‘s instant electronic memos—such as texting and Facebook and Twitter messages—are more direct, more concentrated, more efficient. They go without the salutation (称呼语) and the signoff (签收); we already know the ―to‖ and ―from.‖ Many corporations are moving to messaging networks for exactly that reason: more signal, less noise and less time. This trend is further evidence that store-and-forward systems such as e-mail and voicemail are outdated. Instead of my leaving you a lengthy message that you pick up later, I can now send you an easily-read message that you can read—and respond to—on the go.The coming of the mobile era is responsible for the decline of e-mail. Instant written messages bring great convince to people. They can deal with them at about any time: before amovie, in a taxi, waiting for lunch. And because these messages are very brief, they‘re suitable for smart phonetyping.Does this mean e-mail is on its way to the dustbin of digital history? Not necessarily. E-mail still has certain advantages. On the other hand, tweets and texts feel ephemeral—you read them, then they‘re gone, into an endless string, e-mail still feels like something you have and that you can f ile, search and return to later. It‘s easy to imagine that it will continue to feel more appropriate for formal communications: agreements, important news, longer explanations.So, e-mail won‘t go away completely. Remember, we‘ve been through a transition (过度) like this not so long ago: when e-mail was on the rise, people said that postal mail was dead. That‘s not how it works. Postal mail found its smaller market, and so will e-mail. New technology rarely replaces old one completely; it just adds new alternatives.56. What would the incoming generation like to do with their e-mail accounts?A. Contact close friends.B. Send long messages.C. Fill in some forms.D. Communicate with their colleagues.57. Which of the following is mainly discussed in paragraphs 3 and 4?A. The possible reasons behind the decline of e-mail.B. The likes and dislikes of the young generation.C. The rapid development of e-communication channels.D. Evidence about the uncertain future of easily-consumed messages.58. What does the underlined word ―ephemeral‖ in paragraph 5 mean?A. Automatically-sending.B. Randomly-written.C. Hardly- recognized.D. Shortly-appearing.59. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. It‘s too early to determine the decline of e-mail.B. E-mail has reasons to exist on its own advantages.C. E-mail, just like postal mail has come to its end.D. We should feel sorry for the decline of e-mail.KEYS: 56-59CADBSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Like many other people, I love my smart phone, which keeps me connected with the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop，because it holds all of my writing and thoughts. In spite of this love of technology,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices and truly communicate with others.On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the materials and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule —no laptop,iPads,phones,etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There‘s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There‘s no truth in tha t at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it, so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course materials and the class discussion.I‘ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course materials beyond the classroom.I‘m not saying that I won‘t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the chan ge,I‘m sticking to my plan. A few hours oftechnology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.56. Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____________.A. the course materialsB. the author‘s class regulationsC. discussion topicsD. others‘ misuse of technology57. Which of the following statements is true?A. The author made the rule in that he was against technology.B. The author made the rule mainly because of his unpleasant experiences.C. The author‘s history class received low assessment.D. The students think highly of the author‘s history class.58. According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may ___________.A. allow students to get on well with each otherB. improve teaching and offer more helpC. help students to better understand complex themesD. prohibit students being involved in class59. What can we infer from the passage?A. The author will carry on the success in the future.B. Some students will be punished according to the rule.C. More and more students will be absent in history class.D. The author will help students concentrate on what they learn.KEYS:56-59 BDDASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When memory began for me, my grandfather (―Gramp‖) was past sixty. The little marks of laughter at the corners of his eyes were the product of a kindly and humorous nature. The years ofwork which had bent his shoulders had never reduced his humor or his love of a joke. Everywhere he went, Gramp made friends easily. At the end of half an hour you felt you had known him all your life. I soon learned that he hated to give orders, but that when he had to, he tried to make his orders sound like suggestions.One July morning, as he was leaving to go to the cornfield, he said: ―Edwin, you can pick up the potatoes in the field today if you want to do that.‖ Then he drove away with his horses. The day passed, and I did not have any desire to pick up potatoes. Evening came and the potatoes were still in the field. Gramp, dusty and tired, led the horses to get their drink.―How many potatoes did you pick up?‖ Gramp inquired. ―I didn‘t pick any.‖ ―Not any! Why?‖ ―You said I could pick them up if I wanted to. You didn‘t say I had to.‖ In the next few minutes, I learned a lesson I will not forget: when Gramp said I could if I wanted to, he meant that I should want to.My grandmother (―Gram‖) worked hard all day, washing clothes, cleaning the house, makin g butter, and even working in the field when help was scarce. In the evening, though, she was not too tired to read books from the community library. For more than forty years, Gram read aloud to Gramp almost every evening. In this way, she and Gramp learned about all the great battles of history and became familiar with the works of great authors and the lives of famous men.She also had a deep love of beauty. When she was almost seventy-five and had gone to live with one of her daughters, she spent a delightful morning washing dishes because, as she said, the beautiful pattern on the dishes gave her pleasure. The birds, the flowers, the clouds –– all that was beautiful around her ––pleased her. She was like the father of the French painter, Millet, who us ed to gather grass and show it to his son, saying, ―See how beautiful this is!‖In a pioneer society it is the harder qualities of mind and character that are of value. The softer virtues are considered unnecessary. Men and women struggling daily to earn a living are unable, even for a moment, to forget the business of preserving their lives. Only unusual people, like my grandparents, managed to keep the softer qualities in a world of daily struggle.56. Which of the following is TRUE about Gramp according to the passage?A. He wouldn‘t listen to others.B. He was difficult to get along with.C. He gave his suggestions in the form of orders.D. He was eager to learn.57. According to the author, “softer qualities” DON’T include the ability _____________.A. to earn a livingB. to find beauty in everyday lifeC. to stay curious about new thingsD. to stay positive in a world of daily struggle58. In the days of the writer‘s grandparents _____________.A. ―softer qualities‖ were thought necessary but oft en ignoredB. ―harder qualities‖ were much harder to keep than ―softer qualities‖C. average people found it a piece of cake to earn a livingD. not all people understood how to appreciate beauty in life59. What‘s the most suitable title for the passage?A. Life of My GrandparentsB. Harder Qualities VS Softer QualitiesC. Stay Soft in a Hard WorldD. An Unforgettable PersonKeys:56-59 DADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）At first glance Esther Okade seems like a normal 10-year-old. She loves dressing up as Elsa from ―Frozen‖, playing with Barbie dolls and going to the park or shopping. But what makes the British-Nigerian youngster stand out is the fact that she‘s also a university student.Esther, from Walsall, an industrial town in the UK‘s West Midlands region, is one of the country‘s youngest college freshmen. The talented 10-year-old enrolled at the Open University in January and is already top of the class, having recently scored 100% in an exam.―It‘s so interesting and super easy,‖ she laughs. ―My mum taught me in a nice way.‖ She adds: ―I want to finish the course in two years. Then I‘m going to do my PhD in financial maths。

虹口区2017学年度第二学期高三等级考试物 理 试 卷考生注意：1.试卷满分100分。

考试时间60分钟。

2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括三部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为填空题，第三部分为综合题。

3.作答必须写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。

一、选择题（共40分。

第1-8小题，每小题3分。

第9-12小题，每小题4分。

每小题只有一个正确答案。

）1．某移动电源上标志的4500mAh 反映的物理量是 （ ） A ．电压 B ．电量 C ．功率 D ．能量2．太阳放出的能量来自于 （ ） A ．重核裂变 B ．天然衰变 C ．轻核聚变 D ．人工转变3．下列射线中，属于原子核的高速电子流是 （ ） A ．阴极射线 B ．β射线 C ．α射线 D ．γ射线4．雷达通过发射一定波长的无线电波来探测空中目标，我国研制的米波雷达对隐形战机有较强的探测能力，其发出的无线电波的频率约为 （ ）A ．102 HzB ．104 HzC ．106 HzD ．108Hz5．用一束紫外线照射某金属时不能产生光电效应，可能使该金属产生光电效应的措施是（ ）A ．改用紫光照射B ．改用X 射线照射C ．增大紫外线强度D ．延长照射时间6．如图所示，一定质量的理想气体，从状态1变化到状态2，气体温度变化是 （ ）A ．逐渐升高B ．逐渐降低C ．不变D ．先升高后降低7．有四个电源，电动势均为8V ，阻分别为2Ω、3Ω、5Ω、8Ω，这四个电源现分别对一个R =5Ω的定值电阻供电，为使R 上获得最大的功率应选择的电源阻为 （ ） A ．2Ω B ．3Ω C ．5Ω D ．8Ω 8．如图所示，一个条形磁铁从线圈上方很远处开始向下匀速穿过一环形线圈，t 1表示磁铁中部与线圈共面的时刻，能够正确反映环形线圈中电流随时间变化情况的图是（规定俯视逆时针方向电流为正方向） （ ）p N S9．人在平地上静止站立时，受到的支持力等于人的重力。

Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How Can You Look Your Best in Photos?Have you ever seen a picture of yourself and felt embarrassed by what you saw? Actually, it’s really all (21) __________ (tie) to how we respond to the camera. With the following tips, you’re sure to look your best.No. 1 Study Photos of YourselfThe first step in simple: learn from the past. You need to know how you look in photos before you can improve. Gather some old pictures together, (22) __________ __________ they make you ashamed a little. Now look over how your body is placed in the pictures and think for a while. (23) __________ (analyze) all these old photos, you can find a few natural poses you can use in the future.No. 2 Practice in Front of a MirrorNow that what works for you in photos (24) __________ (figure) out, start using what you’ve learned from your old pictures, practicing in front of mirror. Work on your favorites and you’ll be able to mentally pick out a pose in the future - (25) __________ a mirror.One thing that goes great with a nice pose is a matching smile, so try out several smile until you find one that fits. You should consider (26) __________ a closed or an open - mouthed smile looks better.No. 3 Say “Money”We’re used to saying “Cheese”, but this only creates a fake smile. Abandon the cheese and try out the word “Money” instead. The ending ‘ey’ is the very sound (27) __________ forces the corners of your mouth upward and creates a fold around your eyes. The result is a more natural, realistic smile. Another great trick to prevent a too-wide smile (28) __________ (happen) is placing your tongue on the back of your front teeth.No. 4 Choose the Right LightingGetting some sunny photos on a bright day makes you look good a pictures. But in reality, thesun can often create unpleasant shadows that are (29) __________ but attractive.Standing right under an indoor light will have the same effect as the sun, which is also worthy (30) __________ (mention), story a source of natural light instead, such as a window.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.An Effective Approach to Depressive DisorderNo one can be happy and cheerful forever. So it’s important they see a mental - health __31__ who can provide effective options for treatment when someone has clinical depression known as the state of feeling very sad, anxious and without hope. But there’s also a condition known as subthreshold depression in which someone __32__ some symptoms of depressive disorder, but not enough for a clinical diagnosis.It’s estimated that between 10% and 24% of the population has this kind of mild depression at some point in their lives. And for those people, a new study suggests that practicing thinking __33__ in silence may help improve their mood and reduce their risk of developing depression. The study, published in the Annals of Family Medicine, __34__ yet another reason why deep thinking may be good for both physical and mental health.The study included 231 Chinese adults with subthreshold depression, meaning their __35__ between five and nine out of a total of 27 points on a standard depression __36__. Half received mindfulness training two hours a week for eight weeks, while the other half continued to receive their usual medical care.During the mindfulness training, participants were instructed on setting short-and long-term goals; __37__ their activity and mood; planning out their activities; and body scanning. They were asked to practice them at home at least six days a week.These techniques combine traditional deep thinking with __38__ activation, a type of therapy that uses an “outside in “ approach to help people change the way they act and aims to increase。

IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Safe Is Your Bed?Do you consider your bed a safe place of rest and calm? Do you sink into a mattress (床垫) after a hard day’s work and feel tension and stress drain away as you rest your weary head on a soft pillow? Well, you might not feel so relaxed if you knew that tiny pests were hiding there! It seems that beds may not be such a good place for our health and happiness ---- they could actually be making us ill!Recent studies have shown that bacteria, fungi and dust mites (螨虫), some smaller than the diameter of a hair, live in our bedding. When we move around in our sleep, we disturb them and they are bounced up into the air -- which we then breathe in as we sleep. According to the American Lung Association, four out of five households in the United States now have high levels of dust mites, although it’s not the mites themselves that cause the problems, but their droppings. These are “highly allergenic(致敏的)” according to Dr William Berger, a fellow with the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. “Even if you aren’t allergic… they can still irritate you, the way pepper would if it blew into your nose and eyes.”Brendan Boor, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering, who carries out bed research, also found that bed dust in the air leads to allergies -- causing watery eyes, sneezing, coughs and asthma. He has recommended ways to limit our exposure to these boring allergens: Firstly, he suggests vacuuming your mattress regularly –weekly, or even daily. He also recommends doing away with carpets and washing floors. Using allergen-proof bed covers, he says, can reduce the risk of getting allergies. In addition, washing bedding and pillows frequently can help, as can a portable air cleaner placed near the bed.If you do as Brendan Boor suggests, you will breathe in cleaner air as you sleep … or will you? Is it really safe for you to go back in your bed?IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moustache（胡子）for Cash“Movember”, as the annual event is known, sees men in countries including the UK, US and Australia grow out their facial hair while collecting sponsorship money from friends, family and colleagues, with the money going to cancer charities.The month of no shaving began unofficially in 2003, when a pair of men from Australia persuaded their family to join them in growing a moustache in order to encourage men to get themselves checked for cancer, which is seen as distasteful by some males. A year later, the group decided to set up the Movember Foundation, asking friends and colleagues to offer donations of money to support their efforts, and raised a massive A$54,000 which was shared between a number of health projects. With thanks most likely to social media, Movember soon went global and the foundation now operates worldwide, having raised over ￡440 million since 2004. The effects of the fundraising are wide-reaching, which had made a significant discovery in the treatment of cancer.The issue of some men being too self-willed to visit their doctor for a checkup, or perhaps being raised in a culture of “tough it out”, has led some males to neglect their health, which may mean it could be too late if something potentially deadly did develop. However, Movember is helping to break down the shame of male health by making it more accessible, meaning that men are more likely to visit their doctors. They found a way to appeal to men in a way that other campaigns just don’t – with a sort of blokey① jokiness.①blokey: behaving in a way that is supposed to be typical of men , especially men enjoying themselves in a group.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Every year, more and more parents complain to their children’s schools about PE. They believe that their children shouldn’t have to participate in physical activity if they don’t want to .Supporters of PE, however, believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our society’s well-being. They insist PE in schools remains one of the few places by which the youth can be forced to participate in aerobic exercise.Firstly, they believe that participation in sport promotes health. In fact physical education is a springboard for involvement in sport and physical activities throughout life. Government is, or should be, concerned with the health of its citizens. Encouraging physical activity in the young through compulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise. This doesn’t have to be through traditional team sports; increasingly schools are able to offer exercise in the form of swimming, gymnastics, dance, etc.Besides, physical education helps to develop character and the mutual（相互的）respect required to succeed in an adult environment. Playing team sports builds character and encourages students to work with others, as they would be expected to do in most business or sporting environments. Sport teaches children how to win and lose with good grace and builds a strong school spirit through competition with other institutions. It is often the experience of playing on a team together that builds the strongest friendships at school, which endure for years afterwards.Finally, the pursuit for national sporting achievement begins in schools. If schools don’t have compulsory PE, it is much harder to pick out, develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage. However, it’s much easier to find suitable individuals with a full sports program in every school.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.HopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke（中风），that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said,“Maybe Grandma will be okay.”“Maybe she will,”I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventually returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the year, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment（理想破灭）. How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That’s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+ and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention(干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change - I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. So many people are intimidated by the words “quit sugar”. It’s not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are natural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I’m 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is w here I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network, online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you’re down. And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body will thank you, and you will thank yourself too.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.There are various means consumers can do if they find that an item they bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the placeof purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general st atements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer’s rights.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purposes, and that's not why this is here.Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I’m already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I'm not stressed out.Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell. Metrical (格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually this is done by setting up a rhythm and then breaking it or almost breaking it, and then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.Poetry plays with language and often puts words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way that food can be, when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over, always finding new things in it.And, of course, there’s the subject matter. It interests me ju st as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wearable technology can reportedly tell you a lot more than just the number of calories you’re burning or how many steps you’ve walked… That clever smartwatch can actually tell that you’re about to get a cold, days before you start feeling poorly. As New Scientist reports, researchers at Stanford University in California have discovered that wearable tech can now detect when you’re about to fall prey to (感染) a frightening winter bug, simply by tracking your vital statistics.After monitoring 40 smartwatch users for up to two years, the team has demonstrated that the devices can be used to detect the first signs of coming illness. The particip ants’ pulse and skin temperature were continuously monitored throughout the period, with the scientists noting that their smartwatches recorded unusually higher heart rates and skin temperatures up to three days before the volunteers began displaying symptoms of cold or flu.Study leader Michael Snynder said: “Once these wearables collect enough data to know what your normal baseline readings are, they can get very good at sensing when something goes wrong. We think that if your heart rate and skin temperat ure are elevated for about two hours, there’s a strong chance you’re getting sick.” “Continuous tracking of your vital signs is more informative than having a doctor measure them once a year and comparing them with population averages,” he added.The team now hopes to create an algorithm (算法) that will let smartwatches notify you when you’re about to get sick. Well, at least that might give us the chance to stock up on vitaminsand wrap up warm before the germ attacks!IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Fun Offices Make Workers Happier?In order to make their employees happier, companies around the world have been busy installing play equipment in the workplace. Table football, computer games and action figures have become common in some workplaces.Despite all this effort, unfortunately, work still makes people unhappy. According to a study by the London School of Economics, the place where people feel most miserable is work.To proceed with an emphasis on being happy, however, other emotions are crowded out. Anger, sadness, anxiety and uncertainty all become a no-no. Such a ban on negative emotions can be emotionally bad for employees. A number of studies have shown that being able to express a range of positive and negative emotions is important, particularly when people are dealing with difficult experiences.Besides, being constantly on the lookout for happiness may actually drive happiness away from us. Scientists have found that when we talk about how important happiness is, we become less likely to find it, even when we have experiences that usually make us happy.Wanting to be happy at work is fair enough, but being forced to be happy at work can be troubling. If companies were genuinely interested in making their employees happy, they would perhaps look at some more “down-to-eart h” interventions (务实的干预). A simple step would be to stop interrupting workers with all sorts of pointless demands such as long emails and unnecessary forms. A study by Harvard Business School found workers felt most satisfied on days when they were able to focus on a piece of work and make meaningful progress on it.In short, if companies really want to make their employees happier, they should think long and hard before pointless restructuring.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years , people have sailed across the oceans to trade , explore and transportgoods . However , not every ship arrives at its port of destination . Weather ,war , navigation mistakes and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks , which are estimated to number more than three million , have long fascinated us . In addition to being historically important , they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters . Ships carrying documents and artifact can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events . For instance , in 1997 the Pandora , which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia . The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny (暴动) on another ship ----- the Bounty . Another important discovery off the US coast in 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge , the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration ,as companies use advanced sonar , robots and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships . One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration . The company has found hundreds of ships , including , in 2007 , a Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship , which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean , carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million . Soon after the discovery , a long legal battle over ownership rights took place between the company and the Spanish government . Cases like these are part of an ongoing debate about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moving My CurfewFor some time now , I have had an 8:00 p.m. curfew ---the time by which I have to be at home , even on weekends. When I was younger , I didn’t really complain . But now I have reached an age when this curfew is no longer suitable . For several reasons , it is clearly time to move my curfew to 10:00 p.m. on weekends.First of all , I ’m soon going to be an adult , like all teenagers , I need practice handling the greater freedom that goes along with being an adult . When teenagers don’t get practice handling freedom , they often make many serious mistakes. For example , some teenagers go away to college and suddenly they don’t know how to handle it , and they get into trouble . I上海市各区2017届高三英语二模试卷题型分类专题汇编：摘要写作Summary Writingbelieve it is better to increase freedom gradually . That may the teenager learners how to handle freedom responsibly . I believe I could handle a later curfew without making serious mistakes in judgment.A later curfew is also important to me because I’m an active student . As you know , I am often on the committee in charge of running extra-curricular activities .Because of my present curfew , I have to finish school activities over an hour before they are over. Others students must take over for me when I leave . A 10:00 curfew would allow me to stay until the end of school functions and give me enough time to get home without rushing .Finally , I am a teenager who can be trusted to handle a 10:00 p.m curfew . I know that many teenagers cannot handle much responsibility . However , I am clearly not that kind of teenager. I have proven myself to be a very responsible person . For example , I have never been in serious trouble , either at school or in the company . I also hold a part-time job and still manage to maintain a “B” average in school . In other words , I am a person who uses my time wisely , meets responsibilities an stays out of trouble .11。

One【2017届上海市虹口区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Innovation for Everyone – Career Skills for LifeInvitation to Alumni(校友) Networking Event Organized by University of Warwick and British CouncilWe are delighted to invite you to an alumni networking event on Tuesday 14 March, 7-9 pm at the Le Royal Méridien Hotel, Shanghai. The event is organized by the University of Warwick and the British Council and is open to all alumni.Come and join us for refreshments, followed by four short presentations on the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship(创业) skills in your career and the launch of new career initiatives for students and alumni, before spending time networking with friends and other UK alumni over a buffet dinner.The place for this event is the Le Royal Méridien Hotel, No.789 Nanjing East Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai. The Le Royal Méridien Hotel is located in People's Square in Shanghai and is easily accessed by subway, bus or taxi.DATE AND TIMETue 14 March 201719:00 – 21:00 CSTLOCATIONLe Royal Méridien HotelNo.789 Nanjing East RoadHuangpu DistrictShanghaiPROGRAMMEFree but up to 80 tickets, please register via READ MORE.60. The main purpose of holding this alumni networking event is ________.A. to invite the alumni for refreshmentsB. to spend time networking with the alumniC. to help the alumni to launch new career initiativesD. to share the experience of innovation and career skills for life61. The people attending the event are most probably those ________.A. UK-educated Chinese AlumniB. only from University of WarwickC. UK-educated Alumni and their friendsD. UK-educated Chinese Alumni and from the SJTU62. What do the four short presentations mainly talk about?A. How to improve the employability of the alumni.B. How to help the alumni find and improve employment.C. How to enhance the employability in career development.D. How to make career planning and train the alumni’s innovation skills.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)Virtual realityProbably the most exciting tech development of recent times,virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with sufficient options available to theconsumer who’s searching for an extra amount of high-tech fun. Thecheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy ofSony. Its PlayStation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC orexpensive phone – it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library. There is some equipment you can purchase to enhance the experience, but if you’ve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400. Other high-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung’s Gear VR, will get your head in the game.Wireless headphonesCombining ease of use with the ability to move wild around your home,gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plentyof practical options to suit any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wirelessheadphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-earBluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They’ve even earned the Editor’s Choice award at Cnet com and can be purchased for less than $400 online.Digital camerasWhile your phone is a worthy assistant, there’s no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days youcan get quality specifications in a package that’s almost as small as your smartphone. The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or youcould go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. Domestically, it’s worth checking out Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 for a more affordable option. With a high-end 20-megapixel（兆像素）sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it’s available from just 2,199 yuan.60. Sony can provide high-tech fun at the lowest cost because __________.A. players can play free games onlineB. PS4 owners don’t need any other deviceC. it gives players adequate experienceD. players have purchased expensive PCs61. What is Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones’ selling point promoted in the passage?A. They ha ve various types to meet users’ needs.B. Users can reduce noise manually.C. They work better in the wild.D. Users can make phone calls with the headphones.62. If your friend, who favors everything in the styles of the past, plans to make perfect pictureswith a new device, you will most probably recommend __________.A. A smart phone.B. Fujifilm X70.C. Olympus PEN-F.D. Yi M1.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Self-driving CapabilitiesSensor and camera-equipped models from Audi and Volkswagen, among others, don’t just automatically brake to prevent minor accidents; they can actually navigate（行驶）around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel. Attractive DashboardsIn addition to Ford’s new Sync system, which better understands voice commands, Apple and Google have partnered with automakers to create interfaces （界面）as user-friendly as the ones on your smartphone.Smarter HeadlightsAudi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers. One problem: they’re not yet legal in the U.S. Self-parking SkillsThe new model of BMW’s all-electric can find its own spot in a parking lot, then send signals via a smart-watch app to contact its drivers.60. In terms of Self-driving Capabilities, what makes Audi and Volkswagen stand out?A. Braking when sensing red lightsB. Going into garages without a driverC. Stopping other cars on highwayD. Taking photos with a camera61. Which of the cars can adjust the headlights in order not to upset drivers in oncoming cars?A. Ford and VolkswagenB. Audi and BMWC. Audi and VolkswagenD. BMW and Ford62. In which section of a car magazine does the article most probably appear?A. First DriveB. Cars For RentC. Instrumental TestsD. Smart TechSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（B）Welcome to the LUSH Life!Out values are at the core of everything we do. From morally sourcing each ingredient and piece of packing to creating fresh, innovative cosmetics by hand, you’ll find a world of love and care in every product. Breathe deeply and soak up everything inside this box：we’ve made it justproduced, transported and disposed of every year. Any packaging we do use is recycled or recyclable. we support and how to apply for funding, visit lush/charitypot.60. From the leaflet, we can get to know all the following facts about LUSH except ________.A. providing financial support to societyB. taking the lead in cosmetics marketingC. testing on humans instead of on animalsD. crafting and packing their products by hand61. In the section Naked!, LUSH claims that they _______.A. advocate recyclable or even no packagingB. sell cosmetics without any wrapping paperC. have invented some recyclable cosmeticsD. have improved ways of transporting products62. What is LUSH’s business philosophy we can find from the leaflet?A. The market image of a company should make way for its beliefs.B. Cosmetics are among the essentials of our lives in modern society.C. Homegrown vegetables and fruit are natural and reliable sources of cosmetics.D. Social responsibilities of a company can go hand in hand with profit making.Keys: 60-62 BADFive【2017届上海市徐汇区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)The idea of using radio or wireless to broadcast to audiences was formed in 1916 by a president of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnoff. Hissuperiors were doubtful about his idea to “make radio a household cause, so that by purch ase of a ‘radio music box’, the audience could enjoy lectures, music performance, etc.”Four years later the American engineer Frank Conrad, an employee at W E Corp, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts. A local music store had provided records to play on the Victoria, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys(唱片音乐播音员). Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter(发射台)in time to announce the outcome of the next US presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1000 people heard this first news broadcast.Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years. To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufactures provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedians, and entire orchestras volunteered their services for publicity. The eventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners while others urged that private foundations support radio stations as a public service. In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF (now WNBC) in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in cooperation with the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium hada practicable industry, and it became a national forum(论坛)for news and popular culture.59. The passage is mainly concerned with _______.A. the contribution of radio to popular cultureB. the invention and uses of radioC. early radio programs for a mass audienceD. the history of radio broadcasting60. Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?A. Frank ConradB. David SarnoffC. Harry DavisD. Warren Harding61. After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because _______.A. people could easily get it in storesB. it was cheaper than newspapersC. it had advantages over newspapersD. people were interested in anything new62. By saying that “the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear”, theauthor means that _______.A. the private foundations were unwilling to support the stationsB. the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational moneyC. advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough moneyD. the listeners would not pay for the broadcasting stationsSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)60. The Fox News review mentioned the first party scene in the film to ________.A. reveal the fact that Nick wants to know more about GatsbyB. show the version of Rhapsody in Blue matches the film wellC. prove that the director is good at combining visual and musicD. convince us that the first scene is perfectly shot by the director61. According to Time Magazine, what did Baz Luhrmann do to make the film a success?A. He adapted the story in the novel as he wished.B. He made the film more powerful than the book.C. He mixed his style with the elegance of the book.D. He changed the story to meet his own style.62. Which of the following can be used to describe Gatsby?A. Faithful and warm-hearted.B. Charming and professional.C. Selfish and charming.D. Mysterious and devoted.Section BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）Where to DrinkCafe San BernardoJoin table-tennis and pool-playing port. Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912.The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour. Service is efficient; with last orders at 5 am. The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice, plus a half-bottle of red wine and a corn pie, for￡9.●Avenue Corrientes 5436, Villa Crespo, 5411 4855 3956, cafesanbernardo. ComM Salumeria & EnotecaTrading only in wine with a story, sommelier (侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis, and keeps a list of around 250 labels. There's no wine menu—simply take your bottle from the shelf.●Open 11:00am-11:30pm, El Salvador 5777, Palermo Hollywood, 5411 4778 9016, on Facebook Negro Cueva de CafeCoffee has found its place in Buenos Aires. While LAB: Tostadores, The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places, Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown. It serves Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant.●Open 9:30 am—7:00 pm, Suipacha 637, Microcentro, 5411 4322 3000, negrocuevade-cafe. com La CalleHead to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be faced with a pizza. Don't worry, it’s the right place. La Guitarrita is the front to “hidden” bar La Calle. Order the house cocktail, special candy, and prepare to sing until dawn with a high-energy young crowd.●Open 8:00 pm—2:00 am, Niceto Vega 4942, Palermo Soho, 5411 3914 1972, on Facebook60. Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour?A. 5411 4855 3956.B. 5411 4778 9016.C. 5411 4322 3000.D. 5411 3914 1972.61. What makes La Calle different?A. Its allowing you to play games.B. Its having no wine menu.C. Its opening for the longest time.D. Its having special candy.62. The author's purpose in writing the passage is .A. to show wine cultureB. to introduce some wine barsC. to help people choose drinksD. to show how to enjoy yourselfSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( B )FIRE-FIGHTINGHow to fight a fireAnyone who uses fire-extinguishers should know a few basic facts about how to make them work. This leaflet will tell you the most important things to remember if you have to put a fire out. Water extinguishersYou can put most fires out with water extinguishers. However, you should not use water extinguishers if the fire involves electrical equipment or if it has been started by flammable (易燃的) liquids such as petrol.As in all fires, make sure that the wind is behind you — if you do this, the smoke will blow away from you. Point the jet of water at the bottom of the fire and move it slowly higher.Remember that you should only use extinguishers for small fires. If there is any danger of the fire spreading to anything that can explode, you should not try to put the fire out yourself. Instead, leave the building immediately, and call the fire brigade.Foam (泡沫) extinguishersYou can use a foam extinguisher for fire caused by burning liquids such as petrol. Never point the Jet directly into the liquid itself, as this may make it splash and spread the fire. Instead, try and point the extinguisher up into the air so that the foam goes up and falls on top of the burning liquid.Whatever the kind of fire, do not stand up straight — if you can stay down, this will help you to avoid the smoke, and you may be able to get closer to the fire. Get out of the building at once if you think your escape route might be cut off by smoke or fire.Carbon Dioxide(CO2) extinguishersSome fire extinguishers are filled with a gas called carbon dioxide. You can use these to put out fires which have been caused either by electrical equipment or flammable liquids. If the fire has been caused by electrical equipment, switch the equipment off and point the extinguisher straight at the fire. If the fire has been caused by a liquid like petrol, point the extinguisher at the nearest edge of the fire, and move it from side to side.Remember, never stay in a building if it is dangerous to do so, or if the fire grows beyond your control. Make sure you are standing near an exit in case this happens.60. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. You cannot put all fires out with water extinguishers.B. In case of fire, stay down to protect yourself from the smoke.C. If the fire might cause any further explosion, ask for professional help.D.Foam extinguishers are for fires caused by electrical equipment.61. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Inappropriate use of fire extinguishers might make things worse.B. You should stay in the building if your escape route is cut off.C. Standing close to an exit will absolutely guarantee your safety in a fire.D. Fire fighting is a complicated job that can only be done by fire brigades.62. Who is the potential target reader of this passage?A. Fire fighters.B. The general public.C. College professors.D. Young children.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）60. The above website is mainly designed for _____.A. childrenB. teenagersC. teachersD. businessmen61. It can be inferred that the website is most probably initiated in _____.A. AmericaB. BritainC. AustraliaD. Canada5 reasons to subscribe▪Access ourentiredatabase ofover 9,000high-qualityresources.▪Find newmaterialsadded everyweek.▪Benefit from awide range ofresources,whether youteachBusinessEnglish,YoungLearners,Exams orCLIL.▪Save time:organizeresources and NEW USERSRegister with onestopenglish today for a free 30-day subscriptiongiving you full access to all teaching resources on the site.Subscribing to onestopenglish only takes a few moments and is great value at£42 for a year’s individual membership. Individual subscriptions can also b ebought in Euros (€53) and US Dollars ($68).Want to know more?◆Subscribe nowYou can order an institutional subscription in a few easy steps:start by using our calculator to see how much you could save.When you’ve found the perfect package, just click on ‘Completeyour order’ and enter your details to order the subscription. Ifyou'd like to know more, you can find out all about our content◆Choose your package◆Subscribe now62. Which of the following is true according to the website?A. The website is composed of twelve main sections.B. Individuals and institutions pay the same price for a subscription.C. We can access the website by various means except on Facebook.D. Resources can be gained free for about one month after registration.Ten【2017届上海市普陀区高三英语二模试题】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)16-25 Railcard16-25 Railcard (The Young Person’s Railcard) entitlesthe holder to up to 1/3 off most rail fares across Britain.Justimagine where it could take you …to festivals, to see distantfriends or to London for a weekend break.Who can apply?Absolutely anybody between 16 and 25can apply. You will need to provide proof that you are under 26 years of age. For this, only your birth certificate, driving licence,passport or medical card will be acceptable. Alternatively, if you are a mature student over this age but in full-time education, you can also apply. In order to prove your eligibility (适用性)，you will need to get your head teacher,tutor, or head of department to sign the application form as well as one of your photos, the latter also needing to be officially stamped. "Full time education" is defined as over 15 hours per week for at least 20 weeks a year.Then go along to any major railway station, rail-appointed travel agent or authorized student travel office with your completed application form from this leaflet, together with £28, two passport-sized photos and proof of eligibility.Using your rail cardYou can use it at any time-weekends. Bank Holidays or during the week. But if you travel before 10 am Monday to Friday (except during July and August) minimum fares will apply. For full details of these, please ask at your local station or contact a rail-appointed travel agent.ConditionsIn cases where a railcard does not bear the user’s signature, it will be treated as invalid. Neither your railcard nor any tickets bought with it may be used by anybody else. Unless there are no purchase facilities available at the station where you began your journey, you will be required to pay the full fare if you are unable to produce a valid ticket for inspection during a journey.Reduced rate tickets are not available for first-class travel or for Eurostar links to France and Belgium.Passengers will be charged the full rate if they want to use these services.60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28C. application formD. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discountedticket.D. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern Africa –These tips will enhance the experience that you haveThings to Consider Before Booking an African Safari1) Book in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than a year in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more…2) Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different topography and weather patterns –this greatly affects animal movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, then some parks are better than others for certain species. Show more…3）Choosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalized. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300 people. Show more…4）GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game at any Safari camp is almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more…5）What’s the Best Time of Year to go on SafariUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to find out the best time of year for the safari area that you are intending to visit. Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Show more…6）The PriceGoing on safari is not cheap whichever way you do it , but the price range can be enormous. Unfortunately, safaris in most cases are a case of “you pay for what you get”,Show more…7）Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, where road transfers are just not practical or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of thesafari substantially but generally they are worth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of safari camps in different locations. Show more…8）Use an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed above, there is great deal to understand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff. Show more…CONTACT US NOW TO HELP PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideas60. Which is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A. Means of transport.B. Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides.61. John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it in ______.A. July 2018B. January 2018C. July 2017D. October 201762. Which of the following is FALSE about African Safari?A. You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.B. If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.C. The more money you pay, the better experience you’ll get.D. Not all the parks have the same species of animals.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)This is What a Real Sliver Dollar Looks LikeIf you trust in the yen , the euro , and the dollar --------stop reading。

V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 看到他的表情，我忍不住把实情告诉了他。

(resist)73. 随着时间的推移，那本日记上的字迹现在已模糊不清，难以辨认。

(With)74. 把难记的单词或句子同一件有趣的事情联系起来，记住它们就轻而易举了。

(associate)75. 正是因为学习方法因人而异，所以在学习和生活中适合你的不一定就适合我。

(vary)Keys:72. Seeing his facial expressions / look, I couldn’t resist telling him the truth / telling the truth to him.73. With the time passing by, the writing / handwriting in the diary has now become so faint /vague that it is hard to identify / recognize / make out.74. It will be / is very easy to memorize difficult words or sentences if / when you associate themwith interesting / funny things. / … if / when they are associated with interesting / funny things.75. It is because learning method varies from person to person that what is suitable for you may not be so / suits me in (our) study and life.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 永远不要对你孩子的缺点熟视无睹。

长宁卷72. 只有多练，你才能提高驾驶技术。

(Only)73. 在旅游旺季机票订得越早越便宜。

(book)74. 无论白天在学校发生了什么事情，晚上要尽量把负担卸下。

(No matter)75. 随着互联网的发展，海量信息唾手可得，或许你觉得在也没有必要去图书馆了。

(need n.)72. Only through frequent practice can you improve your driving skills73. The earlier you book a plane ticket in a tourist season , the lower its price will be .74. No matter what happens at school during the day , as early in the evening as you can , put all your burden down.或者..., burdens should be put down as many as possible in the evening.75. With the development / growth of the Internet , an enormous amount of information is at hand./ at our fingertips / available so that you may think there is no need to go to the library .杨浦卷1. 新颁布的禁烟令得到了广大市民的支持。

（ban）2. 出乎我的意料，年轻人对中国古诗词显示出了极大的热情。

（passion）3. 共享单车不仅解决了最后一里路的问题，而且还有助于改善空气质量。

（Not only）4. 一考定终身的日子已经一去不复返了，但不可否认的是考试越多，学生压力越大。

Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Tutorial System of Oxford UniversityIn the University of Oxford, teaching is conducted primarily through the tutorial system. It is one of the most unique and well-known methods of teaching across the world.The weekly tutorial consists of a one-hour meeting between the tutor and small numbers of students (usually two to four). During this time, an essay prepared specifically for that tutorial is read by students and commented upon by the tutor. At the end of the tutorial, the tutor will assign the topic of study for the coming week and suggest readings. 67Meanwhile, they are also complemented by departmental lectures which are conducted on a university wide basis, lab work, and seminars (研讨会) often with groups of perhaps 10 students.Tutorials have gained their reputation because of the close relationship they maintain between the tutor and the student. The tutorial system provides undergraduates with direct and in most cases weekly contact with tutors in their academic fields.68.Before the weekly tutorial, students are required to prepare an essay or other works, which they read or present to the tutor. During each tutorial, students are expected to communicate, debate, analyze and critique the ideas of others as well as their own in conversations with the professor and fellow-students. The tutorial system has great value that it creates learning andassessment opportunities which are highly authentic(可靠的) and difficult to fake, as the student’s work is discus sed on the spot.69The contrast between tutorials and large lectures common in the American universities is obvious. In the typical American university, students are taught by the same specialists, in the same manner, and held to the same standards.However, during tutorials, students have the opportunity to explore their own ideas directly with experts in particular subjects. 70As a result, students must engage in extensive independent reading and research, using the resources available, under the guidance of the tutor.Keys: 67-70 BFACSection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a tricky speech ahead of time, you’ll have felt the social restriction against communicating with yourself in words. According to the well-known saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.67 Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is a valuable tool for thought. Far from being a sign of foolishness, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, regulate our emotions and even create a narrative of our experience.Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with her toys. You are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and giving voic e to her frustrations. __68 We do a lot of it when we are young – perhaps one reason for our shyness about continuing with it as adults.As children, according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to regulate our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. __69__.Psychological experiments have shown that the distancing effect of our words can give us a valuable perspective on our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we address ourselves in the second person: as ―you‖ rather than ―I‖.We internalize the private speech we use as children –but we never entirely put away the out-loud version. 70 You’re sure to see an athlete or two getting themselves ready for a sharp phrase or scolding themselves after a bad shot.Both kinds of self-talk seem to bring a range of benefits to our thinking. Those words to the self, spoken silently or aloud, are so much more than lazy talk.Keys:67-70 AFCBSectionCDirections:Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.Charity—Humanity’s most kind and generous desire—is a timeless and borderless virtue, dating at least to the dawn of religious teaching. Philanthropy（慈善行为）as we understand it today, however, is a distinctly American phenomenon, inseparable from the nation that shaped it. From colonial leaders to modern billionaires like Buffett, Gates and Zuckerberg, the tradition of giving is woven into the national DNA.___67_____ Benjamin Franklin, an icon of individual industry and frugality（节俭）even in his own day, understood that with the privilege of doing well came the price of doing good. When he died in 1790, Franklin thought to future generations, leaving in trust two gifts of 1,000 Ib. of sterling silver—one to the city of Boston, the other to Philadelphia. According to his instruction, a portion of the money could not be used for 200 years.While Franklin’s gifts lay in wait, the tradition he established evolved alongside the young nation.___68_____ Often far less famed men and women have played a critical role in philanthropy’s evolution. One of my personal heroes is Julius Rosenwald, who helped construct more than 5,300 schools across the segregated（种族隔离）South and opened classroom doors to a generation of African-American students.____69____ The answer is not just to benefit others. Tax reduction, for one, encourages the rich people to give. And philanthropy has long helped improve the public image of everyone from immoral capitalists to the new tech elite. More troubling, however, are the foundational problems that make philanthropy so necessary. Just before his death, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote, ―Philanthropy is praise-worthy, but it must not cause the philanthropist to overlook the cir cumstances of economic injustice which make philanthropy necessary.‖Franklin’s gifts represent a broader principle. We are guardians of a public trust, even if our capital came from private enterprise, and our most important obligation is ensuring that the system works more equally and more justly for more people. ___70_____ America’s greatest strength isnot the fact of perfection, but rather the act of perfecting.Keys:67-70 FEABSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Exoplanets：The Hunt Is OnToday scientists believe that planets could outnumber the stars. For centuries, scientists and natural philosophers have proposed that stars in the night sky have planetary systems similar to our own solar system. The existence of extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, has long been discussed. ___67___ Although not the first exoplanet discovery, a planet near a sun-like star was discovered by astronomers in 1995. This kicked off an era of exoplanet hunting, with thousands of discoveries and confirmations following in its wake.___68___ However, in 2015 NASA’s Kepler space telescope found its first E arth-sized planet in a ―habitable‖zone. This is the distance form a star where surface temperatures of a planet wouldn’t be too hot or too cold for liquid water. So far, only a small slice of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been explored. Even so, scientists have confirmed over 3,500 exoplanets, with more being added every day.To detect exoplanets, scientists use data from a variety of sources. Large ground-based telescopes, earth-circling and sun-circling satellites all collect different types of information. Because exoplanets are so far away and very close to stars, it is very difficult to see them directly. ___69___ For example, when an exoplanet moves between its star and us, it causes a small drop in the star’s brightness. Measuring this drop is the transit（凌日）method of discovery. NASA’S Kepler space telescope has discovered many exoplanets this way.As a planet circles a star, it pulls on it and causes it to shake. ___70___ Measuring these slight changes is the radial velocity（径向速度）method of discovering planets. It is one of the most productive methods for finding and confirming exoplanets.These are just two examples of the many methods scientists use in their hunt for exoplanets, hoping for more information and enhanced detail. As time progresses and technology improves, who knows what else we may find!Keys:67-70EBACSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.My wife and I recently welcomed a child into the world. His only interest right now iskeeping us awake 24/7. But one day, he’ll n eed to learn something about finance. When he does, here are some suggestions.1. You might think you want an expensive car, a fancy watch, and a huge house. But you don’t.______67______ You think having expensive stuff will bring it. It almost never does—especially from the people you want to respect and admire you.2. The road to financial regret is paved with debt. Some debt, such as a mortgage, is OK. But most spending that results in debt is the equivalent of a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that wears off, only to drag you down for years to come, limiting your options and keeping you weighed down by the baggage of your past.3. I hope you’re poor at some point. Not struggling, and not unhappy, of course. But there’s no way to learn the value of money without feeling the power of its scarcity. It teaches you the difference between necessary and desirable. _____68_____ These are essential survival skills.4. If you’re like most people, you’ll spend most of your adult life thinking, ―Once I’ve saved/earned $X, everything will be great.‖ Then you’ll hit $X, move the goalposts, and resume chasing your tail. It’s a miserable cycle. Your goals should be about more than money.5. Don’t stay in a job you hate because you made a career choice at 18. Almost no one knows what he or she wants to do at that age. Many people don’t know what they want until they’re twice that age. (These are the signs you’re in the wrong career.)6. The best thing money buys is to control over your time. _____69_______ One day you’ll realize that this freedom is one of the things that makes you truly happy.7. Change your mind when you need to. I’ve noticed a tendency for people to think they’ve mastered investing when they’re young. They start investing at age 18 and t hink they have it all figured out by age 19. They never do.8. Some people are born into families that encourage education; others are from families that are against it. Some are born into flourishing economies; others, into war and poverty. I want you to be successful, and I want you to earn it. But realize that not all success is due to hard work and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself.9. Your savings rate has a little to do with how much you earn and a lot to do with how much you spend. I know a dentist who lives paycheck to paycheck, always on the edge of ruin. I know another person who never earned more than $50,000 and saved a fortune. The difference is entirely due to their spending. ______70_______.10. Don’t listen to me if you disagree with what I’ve written. The world you grow up in will have different values and opportunities than the one I did. More important, you’ll learn best when you disagree with someone and then are forced to learn it yourself. (On the other hand, always listen to your mother.)Keys:67-70FACDSection CDirections: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The worst time to look for a job is when you feel desperate and must have a new one immediately. 67 If you are not in need of an immediate career change, here are ways you can improve your long-term career prospects today:Identify at least two different roles. You do not have to be qualified for these positions today, nor do they have to exist in your company. However, these roles should be related to your current skill set. They are career options that look interesting. 68 Pay close attention to what appeals to you, and write it down. This will give insight into your motivations and targets.Subscribe to a career specific magazine. Knowledge is power in the workplace. Allbusinesses must stay relevant to their customers in order to win the competitions and increase revenue(收益). Reading about industry trends, advancements and success stories keeps you in touch with market conditions. This information allows you to see which companies and professionals are leading the pack. You can follow their examples in your own workplace.69Do exceptional work. In any role, there is a way to perform at your best. Look for ways to deliver a top performance. Show up early, be flexible to new assignments, have a positive attitude, cooperate with other departments, pay attention to the little details.Be professionally curious. Talk to people about their careers. Learn more about how success is measured in other roles, departments and companies. Ask people their thoughts on different industries. 70 People hire people. You never know what connections may be relevant when you start your next job search, so develop a habit of making good connections no matter where you go. Take the time to learn about others, and be helpful when you can.As in all things in life, getting in front of a difficult task early is always less stressful than reacting to a career surprise. Changing jobs is to be expected. No matter how secure you feel today, the time will come when either you or your employer decide it is time to change.Keys: 67-70 FDABSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.An 18-year-girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom, ―I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is.‖ However, her parents, Steve and Deborah Perkins, of Mckinney, Texas, haven’t caught on. Even Kayla admits that, at the worst, her room is a mess.Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.67Dirty clothes pile up; dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad; homework is lost; and valuable things are ruined.Some parents let it go, believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish. Others lecture their children, offer rewards for cleaning, or punish them when they don’t. ___ 68____Mrs. Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla’s floor and hid them. They cleaned everything up. When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom, there was screaming and shouting, ―How can I live without my clothes?‖ Mrs. Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework. These days, she keeps her room clean.69 For example, since Jessica, the 14-year-old daughter wasn’t bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor, the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes. Her attitude changed after her family did that. By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later, even she was laughing.70 Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work—with respect and high expectations.Keys: 67-70 BFDESection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The explosion of new media, ranging from the internet to digital television, means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention in the future.______67______ No longer will all members be watching the same programme: some will be watching different channels on their own TVs, surfing the net or doing both at the same time. The advertising industry will have to work ―harder and smarter‖ to cut through the ―mess‖ of the future with a wide range of new media, all competing to catch the consumers’ eyes.People have become more individual in their consumption of advertising. New technology has made experimenting with new forms of advertising possible. The monologue where the advertisement tells housewives that this is the washing powder they should buy is just a cliché (陈词滥调) now. ______68______ There is, consequently, little hope of them surviving for more than another twenty years. A much closer relationship with the consumer is gradually being created.The definition of what constitutes advertising will expand well beyond the conventional mass media. Shopping environments will themselves become a part of the advertising process. Increasingly, they will exist not simply to sell goods, but also to entertain people and to make sure that they enjoy their time there. The aim will be to ―warm‖ people towards these places so that they will return to purchase goods there again.In spite of these and other changes, it is highly unlikely that TV, print and radio will disappear altogether as advertising media. ______69______ But other marketing strategies, such as public relations and direct marketing, will become as important as advertising. Advertising agencies will have to reinvent themselves. They will no longer be able simply to produce advertisements and then support these through PR, direct marketing or the internet. Instead, they will have to change the whole way they look at communication and start thinking about ideaswhich are not specific to one discipline.______70______ Originality of thinking has always been in short supply. It will continue to be so in the future. But there will be increasing coston the advertiser’s ability to be imaginative and to think laterally about engaging the consumer in a broader variety of media.Keys: 67-70FCEASection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A School That Can Educate Us AllChristos Porios, 16, lives in a small Greek city. ―My mother’s a teacher and my father’s a mechanic,‖ he explains, adding that neither is knowledgeable about computers —especially compared with him. 67.Porios was taking a free class in machine learning offered by Andrew Ng, a professor at Stanford University, over an online platform Ng developed with his colleagues. Drawing on what he learned, Porios was able to participate in the International Space Apps Challenge, a virtual hackathon (编程马拉松) using data from NASA and other government agencies.If one teenager in one small city can become a genius hacker through an online course, does it mean the world has changed? We have been hearing about the potential of online education fordecades.68. A number of online education platforms have appeared, featuring professors from top universities offering free courses.69. Ng was amazed. ―It would take me 250 years to teach this many people at Stanford,‖ he says. And so, just one month into the course, Ng and his Stanford colleague, Daphne Koller, decided to leave their faculty posts (教职) and dive into online teaching full-time. In April, they launched their company, Coursera, with a $16 million round of venture funding. So far, it has managed to team up with 35 colleges in nine countries.To Ng and Koller, Coursera’s mission is simple and yet grand. That is to teach millions of people around the world for free, while also transforming higher education.According to Ng, the world’s top 20 universities en roll only about 200,000 students. There are million more who could participate in classwork at the higher level, but most of them are far from any of the leading universities. 70 .Koller says Coursera’s total registration has hit 15 million. Porios, the young Greek, is only one of those registrants. His hope is to study in Germany or England someday. He is even toying with the idea of taking classes at MIT or Stanford — but this time in person.Keys:67-70 CAFESection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.―Any apple today ?‖, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just then .67 .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.____68______Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .‖ Here , darling , ― I said , ― is what I owe you ,‖ _____69_______‖ Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.‖ ― I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .____70_______At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .Keys:67-70 EAFCSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful . If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech , you’ll know the social problems it can cause._____67____.But there’s no need for embarrassment . Talking to ourselves , whether ou t loud or silently in our heads, is valuable . Far from being a sign of insanity , self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do , manage our activities and control our emotions.For example , take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys . You are very likely to hear her talking to herself : offering herself directions and talking about her problems. _____68_______We do a lot of it when we are young.As children ,according to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky , we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older , we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking . Our words give us an interesting view of our actions . One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person : as ―you‖ rather than―I‖._________69______If you want proof , turn to a sports channel . You’re sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself .Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problems and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different place , just likea regular dialogue , and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.Both kinds of self-talk -----silent and out loud ----seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking .______70_______.Keys: 67-70EBDCSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.To Please Your Friends, Tell Them What They Already Knew The research emeraged out of some real-life observations shared by Gilbert and co-authors Gus Cooney and Timothy D. Wilson：―Conversation is the most common of all human social activities, and doing it well requires that we know what our conversation partners most want to hear.___67___‖says psychological scientist Daniel T, Gilbert of Harvard University.―When our friends try to tell us about movies we’ve never seen or albums we’ve never heard, we usually find ourselves bored, confus ed, and underwhelmed. ___68___. And yet, as soon as it’sour turn to speak, we do exactly the same thing to our friends –with exactly the same consequences. We wanted to understand why this happens.‖Gilbert explains. The researchers decided to do this by conducting a series of experiments.In their first experiment, the researchers assigned participants to groups of three, with one person acting as the speaker and the other two acting as listeners. Speakers watched a video and then tried do describe it to the listeners. Some of the listeners had seen the video the speaker was describing, and others had not.___69___. When the speakers were done speaking, the listeners rated them on these aspects. The results showed that speakers’ predictions were exactly b ackwards. Speakers expected listeners to respond more positively to their stories when the listeners had not seen the video they were describing ___70___. Although speakers expected listeners to enjoy hearing about a novel experience more than a familiar one, it was actually the other way around.A second study showed that when asked to predict their own reactions before hearing the story, listeners made the same mistake that speakers did.Keys: 67--70 DEAF。

One【2017届上海市虹口区高三英语二模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Innovation for Everyone – Career Skills for LifeInvitation to Alumni(校友) Networking Event Organized by University of Warwick and British CouncilWe are delighted to invite you to an alumni networking event on Tuesday 14 March, 7-9 pm at the Le Royal Méridien Hotel, Shanghai. The event is organized by the University of Warwick and the British Council and is open to all alumni.Come and join us for refreshments, followed by four short presentations on the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship(创业) skills in your career and the launch of new career initiatives for students and alumni, before spending time networking with friends and other UK alumni over a buffet dinner.The place for this event is the Le Royal Méridien Hotel, No.789 Nanjing East Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai. The Le Royal Méridien Hotel is located in People's Square in Shanghai and is easily accessed by subway, bus or taxi.DATE AND TIMETue 14 March 201719:00 – 21:00 CSTLOCATIONLe Royal Méridien HotelNo.789 Nanjing East RoadHuangpu DistrictShanghaiPROGRAMMEFree but up to 80 tickets, please register via READ MORE.60. The main purpose of holding this alumni networking event is ________.A. to invite the alumni for refreshmentsB. to spend time networking with the alumniC. to help the alumni to launch new career initiativesD. to share the experience of innovation and career skills for life61. The people attending the event are most probably those ________.A. UK-educated Chinese AlumniB. only from University of WarwickC. UK-educated Alumni and their friendsD. UK-educated Chinese Alumni and from the SJTU62. What do the four short presentations mainly talk about?A. How to improve the employability of the alumni.B. How to help the alumni find and improve employment.C. How to enhance the employability in career development.D. How to make career planning and train the alumni’s innovation skills. Keys: 60-62: DCBTwo【2017届上海市黄浦区高三英语二模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(B)Virtual realityProbably the most exciting tech development of recent times,virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with sufficient options available to theconsumer who’s searching for an extra amount of high-tech fun. Thecheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy ofSony. Its PlayStation VR doesn’t require a tricked-out PC orexpensive phone – it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library. There is some equipment you can purchase to enhance the experience, but if you’ve already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400. Other high-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung’s Gear VR, will get your head in the game.Wireless headphonesCombining ease of use with the ability to move wild around your home,gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plentyof practical options to suit any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wirelessheadphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-earBluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They’ve even earned the Editor’s Choice award at Cnet com and can be purchased for less than $400 online.Digital camerasWhile your phone is a worthy assistant, there’s no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days youcan get quality specifications in a package that’s almost as small as yoursmartphone. The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. Domestically, it’s worth checking out Xiaomi’s mirrorless Yi M1 for a more affordable option. With a high-end 20-megapixel（兆像素）sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it’s available from just 2,199 yuan.60. Sony can provide high-tech fun at the lowest cost because __________.A. players can play free games onlineB. PS4 owners don’t need any other deviceC. it gives players adequate experienceD. players have purchased expensive PCs61. What is Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones’ selling point promoted i n the passage?A. They have various types to meet users’ needs.B. Users can reduce noise manually.C. They work better in the wild.D. Users can make phone calls with the headphones.62. If your friend, who favors everything in the styles of the past, plans to make perfect pictureswith a new device, you will most probably recommend __________.A. A smart phone.B. Fujifilm X70.C. Olympus PEN-F.D. Yi M1. Keys: 60-62 BDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)Self-driving CapabilitiesSensor and camera-equipped models from Audi and Volkswagen, among others, don’t just automatically brake to prevent minor accidents; they can actually navigate（行驶）around highway traffic and into garages without a human at the wheel. Attractive DashboardsIn addition to Ford’s new Sync system, which better understands voice commands, Apple and Google have partnered with automakers to create interfaces （界面）as user-friendly as the ones on your smartphone.Smarter HeadlightsAudi’s and BMW’s ultra-bright laser headlights can detect oncoming cars and dim slightly to avoid disturbing their drivers. One problem: they’re not yet legal in the U.S. Self-parking SkillsThe new model of BMW’s all-electric can find its own spot in a parking lot, then send signals via a smart-watch app to contact its drivers.60. In terms of Self-driving Capabilities, what makes Audi and Volkswagen stand out?A. Braking when sensing red lightsB. Going into garages without a driverC. Stopping other cars on highwayD. Taking photos with a camera61. Which of the cars can adjust the headlights in order not to upset drivers in oncoming cars?A. Ford and VolkswagenB. Audi and BMWC. Audi and VolkswagenD. BMW and Ford62. In which section of a car magazine does the article most probably appear?A. First DriveB. Cars For RentC. Instrumental TestsD. Smart Tech Keys: 60—62 B B DSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.（B）Welcome to the LUSH Life!Out values are at the core of everything we do. From morally sourcing each ingredient and piece of packing to creating fresh, innovative cosmetics by hand, you’ll find a world of love and care in every product. Breathe deeply and soak up everything inside this box：we’ve made it justsave millions of plastic bottles from being produced, transported and disposed of every year. Any packaging we do use is recycled or recyclable. environment. To learn more about the charities we support and how to apply for funding, visit lush/charitypot.60. From the leaflet, we can get to know all the following facts about LUSH except ________.A. providing financial support to societyB. taking the lead in cosmetics marketingC. testing on humans instead of on animalsD. crafting and packing their products by hand61. In the section Naked!, LUSH claims that they _______.A. advocate recyclable or even no packagingB. sell cosmetics without any wrapping paperC. have invented some recyclable cosmeticsD. have improved ways of transporting products62. What is LUSH’s business philosophy we can find from the leaflet?A. The market image of a company should make way for its beliefs.B. Cosmetics are among the essentials of our lives in modern society.C. Homegrown vegetables and fruit are natural and reliable sources of cosmetics.D. Social responsibilities of a company can go hand in hand with profit making.Keys: 60-62 BADFive【2017届上海市徐汇区高三英语二模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)The idea of using radio or wireless to broadcast to audiences was formed in 1916 by a president of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnoff. Hissuperiors were doubtful about his idea to “make radio a household cause, so thatby purch ase of a ‘radio music box’, the audience could enjoy lectures, music performance, etc.”Four years later the American engineer Frank Conrad, an employee at W E Corp, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts. A local music store had provided records to play on the Victoria, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys(唱片音乐播音员). Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter(发射台)in time to announce the outcome of the next US presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1000 people heard this first news broadcast.Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years. To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufactures provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedians, and entire orchestras volunteered their services for publicity. The eventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners while others urged that private foundations support radio stations as a public service. In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF (now WNBC) in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in cooperation with the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium hada practicable industry, and it became a national forum(论坛)for news and popular culture.59. The passage is mainly concerned with _______.A. the contribution of radio to popular cultureB. the invention and uses of radioC. early radio programs for a mass audienceD. the history of radio broadcasting60. Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?A. Frank ConradB. David SarnoffC. Harry DavisD. Warren Harding61. After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because _______.A. people could easily get it in storesB. it was cheaper than newspapersC. it had advantages over newspapersD. people were interested in anything new62. By saying that “the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear”, the author means that _______.A. the private foundations were unwilling to support the stationsB. the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational moneyC. advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough moneyD. the listeners would not pay for the broadcasting stationsKEYS: 59-62 DACBSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)60. The Fox News review mentioned the first party scene in the film to ________.A. reveal the fact that Nick wants to know more about GatsbyB. show the version of Rhapsody in Blue matches the film wellC. prove that the director is good at combining visual and musicD. convince us that the first scene is perfectly shot by the director61. According to Time Magazine, what did Baz Luhrmann do to make the film a success?A. He adapted the story in the novel as he wished.B. He made the film more powerful than the book.C. He mixed his style with the elegance of the book.D. He changed the story to meet his own style.62. Which of the following can be used to describe Gatsby?A. Faithful and warm-hearted.B. Charming and professional.C. Selfish and charming.D. Mysterious and devoted.KEYS: 60-62 CCDDSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）Where to DrinkCafe San BernardoJoin table-tennis and pool-playing port. Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912.The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour. Service is efficient; with last orders at 5 am. The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice, plus a half-bottle of red wine and a corn pie, for￡9.●Avenue Corrientes 5436, Villa Crespo, 5411 4855 3956, cafesanbernardo. ComM Salumeria & EnotecaTrading only in wine with a story, sommelier (侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis, and keeps a list of around 250 labels. There's no wine menu—simply take your bottle from the shelf.●Open 11:00am-11:30pm, El Salvador 5777, Palermo Hollywood, 5411 4778 9016, on Facebook Negro Cueva de CafeCoffee has found its place in Buenos Aires. While LAB: Tostadores, The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places, Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown. It serves Ecuadorian, Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant.●Open 9:30 am—7:00 pm, Suipacha 637, Microcentro, 5411 4322 3000, negrocuevade-cafe. com La CalleHead to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be faced with a pizza. Don't worry, it’s the right place. La Guitarrita is the front to “hidden” bar La Calle. Order the house cocktail, special candy, and prepare to sing until dawn with a high-energy young crowd.●Open 8:00 pm—2:00 am, Niceto Vega 4942, Palermo Soho, 5411 3914 1972, on Facebook60. Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour?A. 5411 4855 3956.B. 5411 4778 9016.C. 5411 4322 3000.D. 5411 3914 1972.61. What makes La Calle different?A. Its allowing you to play games.B. Its having no wine menu.C. Its opening for the longest time.D. Its having special candy.62. The author's purpose in writing the passage is .A. to show wine cultureB. to introduce some wine barsC. to help people choose drinksD. to show how to enjoy yourselfKEYS: 60-62 CDBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( B )FIRE-FIGHTINGHow to fight a fireAnyone who uses fire-extinguishers should know a few basic facts about how to make them work. This leaflet will tell you the most important things to remember if you have to put a fire out. Water extinguishersYou can put most fires out with water extinguishers. However, you should not use water extinguishers if the fire involves electrical equipment or if it has been started by flammable (易燃的) liquids such as petrol.As in all fires, make sure that the wind is behind you — if you do this, the smoke will blow away from you. Point the jet of water at the bottom of the fire and move it slowly higher.Remember that you should only use extinguishers for small fires. If there is any danger of the fire spreading to anything that can explode, you should not try to put the fire out yourself. Instead, leave the building immediately, and call the fire brigade.Foam (泡沫) extinguishersYou can use a foam extinguisher for fire caused by burning liquids such as petrol. Never point the Jet directly into the liquid itself, as this may make it splash and spread the fire. Instead, try and point the extinguisher up into the air so that the foam goes up and falls on top of the burning liquid.Whatever the kind of fire, do not stand up straight — if you can stay down, this will help you to avoid the smoke, and you may be able to get closer to the fire. Get out of the building at once if you think your escape route might be cut off by smoke or fire.Carbon Dioxide(CO2) extinguishersSome fire extinguishers are filled with a gas called carbon dioxide. You can use these to put out fires which have been caused either by electrical equipment or flammable liquids. If the fire has been caused by electrical equipment, switch the equipment off and point the extinguisher straight at the fire. If the fire has been caused by a liquid like petrol, point the extinguisher at the nearest edge of the fire, and move it from side to side.Remember, never stay in a building if it is dangerous to do so, or if the fire grows beyond your control. Make sure you are standing near an exit in case this happens.60. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. You cannot put all fires out with water extinguishers.B. In case of fire, stay down to protect yourself from the smoke.C. If the fire might cause any further explosion, ask for professional help.D.Foam extinguishers are for fires caused by electrical equipment.61. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Inappropriate use of fire extinguishers might make things worse.B. You should stay in the building if your escape route is cut off.C. Standing close to an exit will absolutely guarantee your safety in a fire.D. Fire fighting is a complicated job that can only be done by fire brigades.62. Who is the potential target reader of this passage?A. Fire fighters.B. The general public.C. College professors.D. Young children.Keys: 60-62 DABNine【2017届上海市崇明区高三英语二模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）5 reasons to subscribe▪Access ourentiredatabase ofover 9,000high-qualityresources.▪Find newmaterialsadded everyweek.▪Benefit from awide range ofresources,whether youteachBusinessEnglish,YoungLearners,Exams orCLIL.▪Save time:organizeresources and NEW USERSRegister with onestopenglish today for a free 30-day subscriptiongiving you full access to all teaching resources on the site.Subscribing to onestopenglish only takes a few moments and is great value at£42 for a year’s individual membership. Individual subscriptions can also bebought in Euros (€53) and US Dollars ($68).Want to know more?◆Subscribe nowYou can order an institutional subscription in a few easy steps:start by using our calculator to see how much you could save.When you’ve found the perfect package, just click on ‘Completeyour order’ and enter your details to order the subscription. Ifyou'd like to know more, you can find out all about our content◆Choose your package◆Subscribe now60. The above website is mainly designed for _____.A. childrenB. teenagersC. teachersD. businessmen61. It can be inferred that the website is most probably initiated in _____.A. AmericaB. BritainC. AustraliaD. Canada62. Which of the following is true according to the website?A. The website is composed of twelve main sections.B. Individuals and institutions pay the same price for a subscription.C. We can access the website by various means except on Facebook.D. Resources can be gained free for about one month after registration.Keys: 60-62 . CBDTen【2017届上海市普陀区高三英语二模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(B)16-25 Railcard16-25 Railcard (The Young Person’s Railcard) entitlesthe holder to up to 1/3 off most rail fares across Britain.Justimagine where it could take you …to festivals, to see distantfriends or to London for a weekend break.Who can apply?Absolutely anybody between 16 and 25can apply. You will need to provide proof that you are under 26 years of age. For this, only your birth certificate, driving licence,passport or medical card will be acceptable. Alternatively, if you are a mature student over this age but in full-time education, you can also apply. In order to prove your eligibility (适用性)，you will need to get your head teacher,tutor, or head of department to sign the application form as well as one of yourphotos, the latter also needing to be officially stamped. "Full time education" is defined as over 15 hours per week for at least 20 weeks a year.Then go along to any major railway station, rail-appointed travel agent or authorized student travel office with your completed application form from this leaflet, together with £28, two passport-sized photos and proof of eligibility.Using your rail cardYou can use it at any time-weekends. Bank Holidays or during the week. But if you travel before 10 am Monday to Friday (except during July and August) minimum fares will apply. For full details of these, please ask at your local station or contact a rail-appointed travel agent.ConditionsIn cases where a railcard does not bear the user’s signature, it will be treated as invalid. Neither your railcard nor any tickets bought with it may be used by anybody else. Unless there are no purchase facilities available at the station where you began your journey, you will be required to pay the full fare if you are unable to produce a valid ticket for inspection during a journey.Reduced rate tickets are not available for first-class travel or for Eurostar links to France and Belgium.Passengers will be charged the full rate if they want to use these services.60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28C. application formD. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someone else.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discountedticket.D. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.Keys: 60-62 A B DSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（B）African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern Africa –These tips will enhance the experience that you haveThings to Consider Before Booking an African Safari1) Book in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than a year in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more…2) Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different topography and weather patterns –this greatly affects animal movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, then some parks are better than others for certain species. Show more…3）Choosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalized. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300 people. Show more…4）GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game at any Safari camp is almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more…5）What’s the Best Time of Year to go on Safar iUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to find out the best time of year for the safari area that you are intending to visit. Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Showmore…6）The PriceGoing on safari is not cheap whichever way you do it , but the price range can be enormous. Unfortunatel y, safaris in most cases are a case of “you pay for what you get”,Show more…7）Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, where road transfers are just not practical or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of the safari substantially but generally they are worth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of safari camps in different locations. Show more…8）Use an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed above, there is great deal to understand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff. Show more…CONTACT US NOW TO HELP PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideas60. Which is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A. Means of transport.B. Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides.61. John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it in ______.A. July 2018B. January 2018C. July 2017D. October 201762. Which of the following is FALSE about African Safari?A. You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.B. If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.C. The more money you pay, the better experience you’ll get.D. Not all the parks have the same species of animals.Keys: 60--62: DCA。

上海二模英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共15分）1. What is the man going to do this evening?A. Go to a movieB. Attend a concertC. Visit a museum2. Why did the woman refuse the man's invitation?A. She has to work overtimeB. She has a prior engagementC. She is not interested in the event3. What does the woman mean by saying "I'm all ears"?A. She is eager to listenB. She is not listeningC. She is confused by what she heard4. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and studentB. Doctor and patientC. Friends5. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. Travel plansB. Weather conditionsC. Hobbies二、语法与词汇（共20分）6. The weather was so cold that we decided to ________ our trip.A. call offB. call onC. call forD. call up7. She is always the first to arrive at the office and the last to ________.A. leave offB. take offC. put offD. get off8. The company has ________ a new policy to improve employee satisfaction.A. carried outB. looked intoC. come up withD. gone through9. He was so ________ in the book that he didn't hear the doorbell.A. lostB. foundC. missedD. missed out10. The experiment was a success, and all the data ________ carefully.A. was recordedB. were recordedC. is recordedD. are recorded三、阅读理解（共30分）11. According to the passage, what is the main cause of the environmental problem?A. Industrial pollutionB. DeforestationC. Climate changeD. Overpopulation12. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem?A. Stricter regulationsB. Public awareness campaignsC. International cooperationD. Technological innovation13. What is the author's attitude towards the current situation?A. OptimisticB. PessimisticC. NeutralD. Critical14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The problem is too complex to solve.B. The situation is improving.C. Immediate action is necessary.D. The author is uncertain about the future.15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To informB. To persuadeC. To entertainD. To describe四、写作（共35分）16. Write an essay of about 150 words on the following topic: "The Importance of Environmental Protection"Answer Key:1-5: ABBCA6-10: ACDCA11-15: CDBAC16. [Answer not provided for essay question]。

2017上海虹口区高三二模英语试题及答案LT1 0 . A. What to take up asa hobby.B. How to keep fit.C. How to handlepressure.D. What to play with.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Greet guests and talk to hotel staff.B. Have breakfast and examine room service.C. Prepare for the meeting and write newreports.D. Review the previous night’s reports andcheck emails.12.A. Saying hello to every guest.B.Considering different bath requirements. C. Dining with a differentstaff member.D. Holding variousoperational meetings. 13.A. A day’s life o f a hotel manager.B. The daily routine ata hotel. C. Hotel service and improvement.D. Meetings attendedby a hotel manager.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.Educating children. B. Saving rare animals. C. Recreating an environment.D. Making a profit.15. A. Because animals make visitors stressful. B. Because animalsmust live their livesin cages.C. Because animals can feel bored and sad.D. Because animals are in danger of extinction.16.A. They are still useful and necessary.B. They have more disadvantages thanadvantages.C. They are a perfect environment foranimals.D. They are recreative places for animals.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Tuesday. B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.D. Friday.18. A. Either is acceptable. B. The guest doesn’t mind it.C. The guest does mind it.D. It’s up to the hotel waitress.19. A. 400 dollars B. 600dollarsC. 800dollarsD. 1200dollars20. A. There is no free WiFi access in the roomsof the hotelB. There is only WiFi access in the lobbyof the hotelC. There is no free Internet access in thehotelD. There is no Internet access in the hotelII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Loss of Biodiversity(生物多样性) Affects Human Society If a species of bee disappears forever or a particular plant is extinct, what does it have to do with us humans? Well, according to a team of international scientists, biodiversity is dropping below levels (21) ______ (consider) safe for the health and happiness of human societies.The issue is that everything is inter-connected and ecosystems support our societies (22) ______ they provide us with, for example, food, fibres and fuels. If species go on disappearing, this can disturb many vitalprocesses (23) ______ crop pollination (授粉) and the decomposition (分解) of waste.A framework which defines the environmental limits within (24) ______ humans can really operate -- called planetary boundaries -- says (25) ______ (lose) more than 10% of the biodiversity in an area places the local ecosystem at risk. Ecosystems are all different but this percentage is considered as a good measure of safety.A study published in the magazine Science suggests that 58% of the world’s land surf ace (26) ______ (reduce) below this level already. These areas house 71% of the global population. Professor Andy Purvis, from Imperial College London and the Natural History Museum, is one of the authors of the study. He says, “Once we’re the wrong side of the boundary, (27) ______ doesn’t mean everything goes wrong immediately, but there is a remarkable higher risk (28) ______ things will go badly wrong.”The researchers found that grasslands, savannas and shrub lands were most affected by biodiversity loss on average. Purvis hopes this report (29) ______ become a wake-up call to those who design policies. Here’s his warning: “Decision-makers worry a lot about economic recessions (衰退), but an ecological recession couldhave even (30) ______ (bad) consequences –and the biodiversity damage we’ve had means we’re at risk of that happening. Until and unless we can bring biodiversity back up, we’re playing ecological roulette (轮盘赌).”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. characteristicB. environmentallyC. announcedD. importsE. exposingF. investG. extensivelyH. acquireI. machinery J. competitiveness K.crucialChina Set to Make Own Ballpoint Pen Tips One of China’s major stainless steel(不锈钢) producers has independently developed the special steel needed to make the ballpoint pen tips and plans to mass-produce the material to replace __31__ in two years.The group has spent five years on research and development to __32__ the technology, ending a long-term Chinese reliance on foreign pen tips.Without this technology, China’s pen manufacturers, which produce 38 billion ballpoint pens per year, have had to purchase the __33__ parts from overseas markets, costing the industry $17.3 million a year, according to the China National Light Industry Council.“It will be one of our __34__ products in the long run, and we will try more materials for tips of ballpoint pens to remain competitive,” said Li Jianmin, director of TISCO’s research and development center.Wang Huimian, TISCO’s senior engineer, said the company will __35__ more financial resources and manpower to develop next-generation ballpoint pen tips in a(n) __36__ friendly way to further compete with rivals in Japan and Switzerland.“If these real economy-related factors are underdeveloped, its key __37__ won’t be strong,” said Wang.The pen tip issue was first brought into the spotlight by Premier Li Keqiang in January last year, __38__ a major issue facing Chinese manufacturers —weak competitiveness in key technology.Making such products requires high-precision __39__ and extremely-thin steel plates. Special microelements must be added to liquid steel to make a quality tip that can write continually for at least 800 meters.Eager to enhance its earning ability, the company __40__ that it planned to produce 10.5 million metric tons of steel this year, including 4.5 million stainless steel products.Zhao Ying, a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, said, “All these elements can be reached only through long-term investment and increasing development,” he said.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Throughout history, many lives have been lost at the hands of severe weather. Meteorologists (气象学家) and scientists alike are always investigating new ways to increase the warning time for storms, with the hope ofreducing the __41__ of lives. In the past few decades, local weather radar advancements have been made, which allow for better accuracy in __42__ the paths of storms.Meteorologists and scientists have been able to successfully track severe thunderstorms and possible tornadoes by using an advanced tracking system called NEXRAD (Next-Generation Radar). NEXRAD is a tracking network __43__ 158 Doppler weather radars. And during a storm this high-resolution computerized __44__ takes readings on the amount of precipitation(降水) in the air, the movements in the clouds, and the wind speeds.These __45__ are bounced back to a local weather computer, and a colorful image appears on the screen, giving meteorologists a clear picture of what kind of weather is on the horizon. This final image is what you see when the meteorologist breaks in with severe weather reports and warnings. __46__, on your television screen you will see a computer animated image of the approaching storm.If the storm is severe enough, then the National Weather Service (NWS) will __47__ severe weather reports of severe thunderstorm warnings for your area. __48__, the storm captured on the radar will have produced strong readable winds, detectable lightning, and some hail (冰雹). Paying attention to the weather map is __49__ when severe weather is around.On the television screen you will see several colors on the precipitation map, __50__ from blue (the lightest) to black (the heaviest). If the colors for your __51__ area are yellow, take caution. If the colors range between orange and red, take cover immediately, as damaging winds and dangerous lightning have been reported.When local weather radar in Atlanta, Georgia reported high winds,__52__ wind patterns and large hail earlier this year, the National Weather Service issued a tornado __53__. Meteorologists in the area used the collected data to predict what path the storm would take, __54__ which areas needed to be warned.Thanks to this technology, most residents received the severe weather reports early enough to seek __55__ before the storm hit. Paying attention to your local weather source during severe weather plays a vital role in your safety.41.A. loss B.increase C.protectionD. value42.A. B. C. D. guidingchanging controllingpredicting43.A. faced with B. exposedtoC. involvedinD. made upof44.A.structureB. systemC. modeD. style45.A. figures B. data C. readings D.statistics46. A. Most likely B. MostevidentlyC. MostinterestinglyD. Mostimportantly47.A. decide B.estimateC. handleD. issue48.A. By the way B. In thatcaseC. To someextentD. On thecontrary49.A. vital B.reasonable C. normal D.available50.A. expanding B.spreadingC. rangingD.extending51.A. proper B.specificC. typicalD. regular52.A. B. unique C. general D.straight circular 53.A.processB. threatC. warningD. sign54.A. indicating B.recognizingC.revealingD.recommending55.A. rescue B.residenceC. supportD. shelterSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In this section we consider what you can do to train your brain to improve your game playing skills.1. Daily workoutIt is very easy to find tactical puzzles and train. However, you must try to solve them. Don’t just stare at the position for 10 seconds and then turn to the solution. You won’t learn anything. Have a go at trying to solve the puzzle. If you got it right then great ----well done. However, if you got it wrong, then have another look. Ask yourself questions such as the following: ●Why did I get it wrong?●What was wrong with my solution?●What was the weakness that the tactic exploited?Where can you find tactical puzzles?It’s easy. They are everywhere. Many newspapers, including Independent, and magazines have a daily or weekly chess puzzle. Key “chess puzzles” into Google and you’ll find a whole load of them. There are plenty of puzzle books.2. Use softwareNowadays chess software is terribly cheap. World Champion Vladimir Kramnik recently lost a match 4 – 2 against a software program. This program is available for about ￡30.In general, people use chess software for the wrong reasons. They often play game after game against the machine and get beaten every time. Bored with this, they turn the playing level right down so that the program is almost playing random moves and then they can beat it every time and feel better.Neither method will help you improve. However, chess software can be a fantastically useful learning tool ifused in two particular ways.The first is if you have tried to solve a puzzle but it’s a bit too difficult and you don’t really understand the solution. Never mind ---- well done for trying. Now set the position up on the program and try different moves. Chess software is faultless at tactical play. It will instantly tell you the right and wrong moves and why they do or don’t work.Secondly you can run over games you have played to learn where you have gone wrong and where you could have improved. Get into the habit of keeping the score (i.e. writing down the moves) of games that you play. This will help you to improve and refine your understanding of tactical themes and patterns.56. What would be the best title of this passage?A. How to Train Your BrainB. Where to Find Tactical PuzzlesC. Daily Workout and Use of SoftwareD. How to Improve Your Chess-Playing Skills57. The underlined part “tactical puzzles”in the second paragraph most probably means ______.A. puzzles making us better understand themes and patterns of difficult gamesB. puzzles showing us how to train our brains to think more effectivelyC. puzzles teaching us some skills to play more difficult gamesD. puzzles only teaching us how to play chess games well58. Which of the following would be the right way of using chess software?A. Playing as many games against the machine as possible.B. Always trying difficult puzzles to improve your chess skills.C. Running over games you’ve played to learn from mistakes and improve.D. Turning the playing level down to build your self confidence and feel better.59. What does the writer think about chess software?A. Chess software will help a lot if properly used.B. Chess software below 30 pounds is too cheap to use.C. Chess software is a fantastically useful learning tool in daily work.D. Chess software helps improve understanding of tactical themes and patterns.(B)Innovation for Everyone – Career Skills for Life Invitation to Alumni(校友) Networking Event Organized by University of Warwick and British Council We are delighted to invite you to an alumni networking event on Tuesday 14 March, 7-9 pm at the Le Royal Méridi en Hotel, Shanghai. The event is organized by the University of Warwick and the British Council and is open to all alumni.Come and join us for refreshments, followed by four short presentations on the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship (创业) skills in your career and the launch of new career initiatives for students and alumni, before spending time networking with friends and other UK alumni over a buffet dinner.The place for this event is the Le Royal Méridien Hotel, No.789 Nanjing East Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai. The Le Royal Méridien Hotel is located in People's Squarein Shanghai and is easily accessed by subway, bus or taxi.DATE AND TIMETue 14 March 201719:00 – 21:00 CSTLOCATIONLe Royal Méridien HotelNo.789 Nanjing East RoadHuangpu DistrictShanghaiPROGRAMME7:00 pm Registration and welcome refreshments7:15 –7:25 pm “An overview of Graduate Employability(就业能力) among UK-educated Chinese Alumni and British Council Activities to Support Alumni Career Development”, Cathy He, Head of Education Services, British Council7:25 –7:35 pm “The Importance of Career Planning: from the SJTU Viewpoint”, Mr Shen, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Careers7:35 –7:45 pm “The Importance of Innovation Skills Throughout Your Career: An Employer Viewpoint”, John Hung, Managing Partner, China Consumer & Industrial Products Industry and Automotive Sector, Deloitte, China7:45 –7:55 pm “New Resources to Enhance the Employability of Chinese Students and Graduates”, Esther de Perlaky, International Manager, University of Warwick8:00 –9:00 pmNetworking and banquet buffet dinnerFree but up to 80 tickets, please register via READ MORE.60. The main purpose of holding this alumni networking event is ______.A. to invite the alumni for refreshmentsB. to spend time networking with the alumniC. to help the alumni to launch new career initiativesD. to share the experience of innovation and career skills for life61. The people attending the event are most probably those ______.A. UK-educated Chinese AlumniB. only from University of WarwickC. UK-educated Alumni and their friendsD. UK-educated Chinese Alumni and from the SJTU62. What do the four short presentations mainly talk about?A. How to improve the employability of the alumni.B. How to help the alumni find and improve employment.C. How to enhance the employability in career development.D. How to make career planning and train the alumni’s innovation skills.(C)Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.Researchers, with the help ofbrain scans, have uncoveredshocking differences in perception(感知) between Westerners andAsians, what they see when they lookat a city street, for example, oreven how they perceive a simple linein a square, according to findings published in a leading science journal.In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent entities (实体). Whenlooking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians.The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult -- estimating the line’s size relative to the square. For the Asians, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also -- estimating the line’s length withou t comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.In one study, for instance, researchers offeredpeople a choice among five pens; four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely to choose the green one.Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize(使内化) it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.63. According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to _____.A. more emphasize independent thinkingB. always focus more on their surroundingsC. focus more on the context as well as the objectD. think of Westerners as highly independent entities64. We know from the passage that people’s brains will be more active when _____.A. the task is much easierB. the blood flow is trackedC. people begin to choose colorsD. the task is more difficult65. What do the findings of the experiments mentioned in the passage indicate?A. They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.B. They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.C. They suggest that people’s habits of thought and perception can be changed in different cultures.D. They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things.66. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. Easterners prefer collectivism to individualismB. East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independenceC. It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpowerD. Americans will change their habits of perception when they’re in BritainSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Eachsentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The greatest advantage of the tutorialsystem is the individual attention thatstudents receive.B. Tutorials can be considered the backbone of undergraduate teaching at Oxford.C. Sometimes, the student may leave a tutorialwith only a reading list and the title ofthe next essay.D. Tutorials can greatly enhance theundergraduates’ academic performance.E. The greatest advantage of the tutorialsystem is the various curriculums thatstudents receive.F. In the mean time, tutorials are alsobeneficial for devel oping students’ skillsof critical analysis.The Tutorial System of Oxford University In the University of Oxford, teaching is conducted primarily through the tutorial system. It is one of the most unique and well-known methods of teaching across the world.The weekly tutorial consists of a one-hour meeting between the tutor and small numbers of students (usually two to four). During this time, an essay prepared specifically for that tutorial is read by students and commented upon by the tutor. At the end of the tutorial, the tutor will assign the topic of study for the coming week and suggest readings. __67__Meanwhile, they are also complemented by departmental lectures which are conducted on a university wide basis, lab work, and seminars(研讨会) often with groups of perhaps 10 students.Tutorials have gained their reputation because of the close relationship they maintain between the tutor and the student. The tutorial system provides undergraduates with direct and in most cases weekly contact with tutors in their academic fields.__68__ Before the weekly tutorial, students are required to prepare an essay or other works, which they read or present to the tutor. During each tutorial, students are expected to communicate, debate, analyze and critique the ideas of others as well as their own in conversations with the professor and fellow-students. The tutorial system has great value that it creates learning and assessment opportunities which are highly authentic(可靠的) and difficult to fake, as the student’s work is discussed on the spot.__69__The contrast between tutorials and large lectures common in the American universities is obvious. In the typical American university, students are taught by the same specialists, in the same manner, and held to the same standards.However, during tutorials, students have the opportunity to explore their own ideas directly with experts in particular subjects. __70__ As a result, students must engage in extensive independent reading and research, using the resources available, under the guidance of the tutor.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How Safe Is Your Bed?Do you consider your bed a safe place of rest and calm? Do you sink into a mattress (床垫) after a hard day’s work and feel tension and stress drain away as you rest your weary head on a soft pillow? Well, you might not feelso relaxed if you knew that tiny pests were hiding there! It seems that beds may not be such a good place for our health and happiness ---- they could actually be making us ill!Recent studies have shown that bacteria, fungi and dust mites (螨虫), some smaller than the diameter of a hair, live in our bedding. When we move around in our sleep, we disturb them and they are bounced up into the air -- which we then breathe in as we sleep. According to the American Lung Association, four out of five households in the United States now have high levels of dust mites, although it’s not the mites themselves that cause the problems, but their droppings. These are “highly allergenic (致敏的)” according to Dr William Berger, a fellow with the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. “Even if you aren’t allergic… they can still irritate you, the way pepper would if it blew into your nose and eyes.”Brendan Boor, Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering, who carries out bed research, also found that bed dust in the air leads to allergies -- causing watery eyes, sneezing, coughs and asthma. He has recommended ways to limit our exposure to these boring allergens:Firstly, he suggests vacuuming your mattress regularly – weekly, or even daily. He also recommends doing away with carpets and washing floors. Using allergen-proof bed covers, he says, can reduce the risk of getting allergies. In addition, washing bedding and pillows frequently can help, as can a portable air cleaner placed near the bed.If you do as Brendan Boor suggests, you will breathe in cleaner air as you sleep … or will you? Is it really safe for you to go back in your bed?第II卷（共40分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、看到他的表情，我忍不住把实情告诉了他。

虹口区 2017 学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷 2018.04考生注意：1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。

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第 I 卷(共 100 分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; f or the other blanks, use one word that best f its each blank.Nook’s arrival, Good or Bad?Book lovers, most of them, will tell you(21)_________ a pleasure it is to lend a favorite read to the friend the novel you stayed up all night to get to the end of ; the travel book that made you feel (22) _________you yourself w ere on a train ride through India. For a while it seemed that e-book users w ere to be denied this pleasure of lending to friends. You could buy a book or magazine for your reading device, but you couldn't lend it out.But now, with the Nock, the US book chain Barnes and Noble's response to Amazon's Kind le,electronic readers will be ab le to have their latest literary enthusiasm(23) _________ (press) on their friends, just like readers of physical books can, You simply email the book from your Nook and your friend can read it for two weeks, (24) _________ (use) any device with the Barnes& Noble e-book reader software.It's a big improvement from previous e-book readers.The Nook offers other features too. You read in black and white on the main screen. just likewith Kind le. The difference is (25) _________on the lower part of the device there's a colour touch screen,(26)_________allow s you to browse through a book or a magazine , but goes black when you're not using it so that you save power.(27) _________exciting thing about the Nook is that it offers Wi-Fi, arguably a big advance on previouse-book readers. Customers in the United States can usethe Internet connection (28) _________ (read) whole e-books at Barnes& Noble for hundreds of bookstores for free. None of Barnes& Noble’s competitors can come close to this.But the Nook, ironically,(29) _________ (turn out)to be a money-loser for Barnes& Noble, or at least ajob- loser for Barnes& Noble's employees. Accordingto Marian Moniker at The Big Money Website,(30)_________the Nook is successful it might take sales from the company’s bookstores, eventually forcing their closure and the loss of thousands of jobs.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. branchB. departmentC. appropriateD. expansionE. withdrewF. dominatedG. licensedH. contractI. considerableJ. brandsK. breakthroughForeign Giants Target Chinese Milk MarketEuropean dairy products giant Arla Foods has chosen a leading Chinese milk manufacture as a business partner for its (31)________ in China – a clear sign that overseas companies are starting to cultivate huge China’s dairy market by tying up with local players.Arla signed the cooperation (32) ________, which comes into effect this month, with Mengniu Dairy at the end of August to set up a milk-pow der joint venture in Hohhot, capital of North Chin a’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The deal between Arle Foods and Mengniu can be seen as a new (33) ________for Multinational’s re-entry into the sector.Many foreign giants have found it difficult to create ( 34) ________profits in domestic milk market, especially the liquid-m ilk sector, which is followed closely by price wars and dominated by local (35) ________---companies like Danone, Kraft and Friesland Coberco have quitted dairy production in China.A few have been successful ---Nestle, Inter, Bristo-Myers Squibb and Wyeth have (36) ________ the high-end milk-formula market in China.“We will watch the market closely and re-invest here in a(n) (37) ________ time,” an official of the Dutch firm Friesland said w hen it (38) its investment in its Tianjin joint venture last year after eight years.The company has (39) ________its Chinese partner to continue using its Dutch lady brand and also sells its imported Friso infant foods, Dutch Lady milk pow der and Dutch lady Calcimex in the Chinese market through its (40) ________ company in Hong Kong.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four word s or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Our modern working lives are ruled by the concept of competence(能力). The idea that lies behind competence is quite simple: that one can state what people should do in behavioral terms, and then _____41____ whether a person has succeeded in meeting that task or not. We rarely have a second thought about whether the idea of measuring and achieving competence is a good one or not. _____42____ , it is a debatable one.Humans do not learn or work in ways that can be measured by the _____43____ of competence.Take the example of a barista who is being trained to make coffee. The job title of “barista” ____44_____ a degree of skill in making coffee. However, baristas in large coffee chains are usually trained through_____45____ qualifications. One part of these qualifications is to produce a cup of coffee to meet a(n) ____46_____ standard. It might have to achieve a certain taste and appearance. This might seem perfectly reasonable, but there are two reasons why such an approach to training baristas does not____47_____.First, the production of a cup of coffee to a certain standard is a binary(二次元的) ____48____ . The baristas can either produce a coffee of a certain standard or they cannot. If they happen to produce the best cup of coffee in the world, it does not matter, as competence-based training does not reward outstanding performance. _____49____, producing the worst cup of coffee would be a fail in the same w ay as producing a cup just belowthe standard. In fact, competence is not interested in the process of producing a coffee at all----only the final binary outcome.Second, if the barista does produce a coffee to a certain______50___ , competence is not interested in why the barista can do that. But humans are not machines that _____51____ produce binary outcomes. We have bodies and minds which ____52_____ through learning.Yet we are increasingly forced to ____53_____ competence in our schools and workplace. We are not empty machines that simply produce binary outcomes. If w e w ant to be true human in our learning and our workplace, we need to be _____54____ and special. Learning and innovation involve failure in aiming for something that is unusually good. Such things simply cannot be _____55____ by the standard of competence w here the mediocre(平凡的) is the gold standard.41. A. questionB. predictC. measureD. confirm42. A. As a ruleB. As a wholeC. In other wordsD. In fact43. A. impressionB. conceptC. valueD. development44. A. suggestsB. assumesC. deservesD. inherits45. A. society-basedB. self-basedC. pleasure-basedD. competence-based46. A. minimumB. uniqueC. traditionalD. international47. A. lastB. workC. existD. change48. A. challengeB. appearanceC. outcomeD. practice49. A. ThereforeB. InsteadC. MoreoverD. Likewise50. A. agreementB. extentC. standardD. description51. A. typicallyB. simplyC. cheaplyD. occasionally52. A. alterB. expandC. createD. exhaust53. A. handleB. classifyC. transferD. achieve54. A. commonB. sociableC. creativeD. mature55. A. judgedB. achievedC. restoredD. presented Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)William Herschel was born on November 15 th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th, 1822, and Caroline on September 1st, 1848.Herschel's first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation (绕轴自转).Herschel struck fame in1781, when on March13th, he discovered the planet Uranus(天王星）while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax(恒星视差).This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, asking George III gave William and Caroline the titles of "The King5s Astronomer" and "Assistant to the king's Astronomer", an honor which came with a life's pensionfor both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschel went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful. William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson5s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱)，and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared (红外线).In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.56.Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by_____________.A.discovering the planet UranusB.determining stellar parallaxC.discovering two moons of UranusD.uncovering the evidence for the infrared57.It can be inferred from the passage that George III____________.A.liked science and technologyB.liked Herschel's naming of the new planetC.was interested in astronomyD.gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions58.What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A.She was successful in music.B.She was titled "The king's AstronomerC.She died later than her brother.D.She published two papers59.This passage mainly tells readers____________A.some information about Herschel and his sisterB.how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC.Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD.Herschel and Caroline's major scientific publications(B)OSCARTHEATREBOOKING-inpersonTheBoxOfficeisopenMondaytoSaturday, 10am-8pm.-bypostStatingtheperformanceandchoiceofseats,enclosingache que,postalorder,oryourcredit carddetails toOscarTheatreBoxOffice,POBox220,Mainstreet.Allchequess houldbemade payabletoOscar Theatre-bytelephoneRing 0844 8472484toreserveyourticketsortopaybycreditcard(V isa, MasterCard accepted)-on-lineCompletetheon-linebookingformatwww.oscartheatrecom.DISCOUNTSSaver: $2off anyseat booked any timein advancefor performancesfrom Monday toThursday inclusive,andforallmatinees(下午场).Saversareavailableforchildrenupto16yearsold,over60sandfull-timestudents.Supersaver:half-priceseatsareavailableforpeoplewithdisabilitiesandonecom panion.It is advisabletobookinadvance.Thereisamaximumofeightwheelchai rspacesavailableand on wwheelchairspacewillbehelduntilonehourbeforetheshow(sub jecttoavailability)Standby:bestavailableseatsareonsalefor$6fromonehour beforetheperformancefor people eligible(有资格的)forSaverandSupersaverdiscountsandthirtyminutesbefore forallothercustomers.GroupBookings:thereisatenpercentdiscountforpartiesoftwelveormore.Schools:schoolpartiesoftenormorecanbook$9ticketsina dvanceandwillgeteverytenth ticketfree.Pleasenote:we areunabletoexchangeticketsorrefundmoneyunlessaperformanceis cancelledduetounforeseencircumstance.60. When booking by post, you can pay for a ticket by ___________.A. visiting the website of a post officeB. going to your local bank in personC. enclosing your Master Card in an envelopeD. providing your credit card information61. What benefit can bookers enjoy according to the text?A. A group of ten adults going to a performance can claim a discount.B. A school party of 15 persons that book in advance pay $135 in total for a performance.C. Someone accompanying a wheelchair user to a performance receives a discount.D. An 18-year-old teenager is eligible for Saver discounts.62. According to the text,_________ can get Standby ticket.A.65-year-olds buying tickets an hour and a half before a performance beginsB. full time students buying tickets 45 minutes before a performance beginsC. theatre-goers who are unexpectedly unable to be present at a performance.D. anyone who buys tickets an hour before a performance begins(C)Here’s the scary thing about the identity-theft ring that the feds cracked last w eek: there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could have done to prevent it from happening. This w as an inside job, according to court documents.A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20thieves at $60 a pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising.Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket.More than 700,000 Americans have their credit hijacked every year. It's one of crime's biggest grow th markets. A name, address and Social Security number --which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, it's up to you to protect your identity.The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves areopportunists, not w ell-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving for those millions of "pre-approved" credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later.But the most effective w ay to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reports once ortwice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax (at ), Trans-Union () and Experian (). All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voice-mail hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found TransUnion's website to be the cheapest and most comprehensive--laying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion.If you're lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey orVermont, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise it's going to cost $8 to $14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year -round for about $70; that's $10 more than the going rateamong thieves. If you think you're a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraud alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form /idtheft, which, along with a local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Just don't expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was one of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught.63. The expres sion “inside job”(Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means_________.A. a crime that is committed by a person working for the victimB. a crime that should be punished severelyC. a crime that does great harm to the victimD. a crime that poses a great threat to the society64. The creditors can protect their identity in the following w ay except ________.A. destroying your junk mailB. leaving your Social Security card at homeC. visiting the credit-report website regularlyD. obtaining the free report from the government65. It is easy to have credit-theft because________________A. More people are using credit service.B. The application program is not safe enough.C. Creditors usually disclose their identity.D. Creditors are not careful about theiridentity.66. The best title of the text is________A. The danger of credit-theftB. The loss of the creditorsC. How to protect your good nameD. Why the creditors lose their identitySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper seen given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two sentences than you need.A. When you are done with your task then reward yourself.B. Make sure you only rest for 10 minutes.C. Or you can work harder and start an even bigger project.D. Set a kitchen timer and say to yourself that you only have to do this work for 10 minutes.E. When you sort papers，do the laundry or do the dishes, be fully there.F. You don't always have to do just one thing at a time in silence.Ways to Be More EfficientNot all tasks of the day are inspiring. But you still haveto w ash those dishes and take care of those routine tasks at workor in school. So what can you do not to get lost in procrastination( 拖延)?I’ll share how I do i t, how I get some motivation and findmore pleasure in what may seem tobe a boring task.Instead of focusing your mind on how boring a task may feel,focus on your thought on why you are doing this and how good itwill feel when you are done with it. If needed, sit down for a few minutes, close your eyes and see in your mind. Then go to workwith that motivation and those positive feelings in your body.Do it attentively. ______67_____. Focus 100% on just thework with all your sense-how itfeels, looks, and smells –as youare scrubbing it and nothing else. Don’t get lost in daydreams.If you are just there, I have found that even such asimple task becomes more enjoyable and something that can bringinner calm rather than distress.Make a deal with yourself and set a timer for 10 minutes. Itis often easier to do task likethese in small bursts. So make a deal with yourself to just spend10 minutes on your reading or cleaning the house. ________68_____.When the timer rings you can continue doing it if feel like it(this often happens to me because getting started is the hardpart) .Or you can stop and go do something more interestinginstead.Create a pleasurable distraction. If possible，try to listento the radio, your favorite songs，an audio book or watch a movie or TV episode while doing yourboring task._____69____. I often listen to music or watch an episode of the Simpsons while doing the dishes or other routine work at home._______70_____. Take a walk in the sun. Move on to more fun or creative task at work or in school. Have a tasty treat. This habit can make it easier to get started and to keep going each day. Because you know that you can look forward to not just being done and the long-term payoff from that but also your immediate reward right after you are finished.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations w here we give information or opinions, receive new s or comment and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.Face-to face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last twohundred years the art of mass communication has become one of the dominating factors of current society. Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications so that local ne s often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed (失去优势 ) by international news.No longer is the possession of information restricted to a wealthy minority. In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries. Forty years ago, people used to go to the cinema, but now far morepeople sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is being channeled into millions of homes.Communication is no longer merely concerned with the transmission of information. The modemcommunication influences the w ay, people live in society and broadens their horizons by allowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all information, education and entertainment, The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are all involved with informing, educating and entertaining.V. TranslationDirection: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 应该采取措施阻止新病毒的蔓延。