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英语四六级新题型——【段落翻译】1、狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞蹈之一。
狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。
古人将狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保护人类。
据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历史。
在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已经被引入了皇室。
因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。
The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.2、中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。
长城是中国古代规模浩大的军事防御工程。
修筑长城最初是为了抵御北方游牧民族的入禁。
长城东西绵延8800千米，跨越17个省份，主要由城墙、关隘、烽火台组成。
今天我们看到的长城多数可追溯到明朝。
保存最完好，最为壮观的部分是北京的八达岭。
长城已有两千多年的历史，某些部分现已毁坏或消失。
然而它仍是世界上最吸引人的景观之一。
长城是最耗时最长、付出生命代价最高的建筑工程。
它列世界新七大奇观，当之无愧。
Great Wall of China was an ancient gigantic 巨大的defensive project.It’s built originally最初to resist invasions 入侵of northern nomadic groups.The wall stretches 延绵for 8,800km and spans 跨越17 provinces from east to west.The Great Wall mainly comprises 包含walls,passes and watchtowers烽火台.The Great Wall we see today mostly dates back to 回溯到the Ming Dynasty.The best-preserved and most imposing section截面is at Badaling八达岭in Beijing.With a history of more than 2000 years,some of the sections are now in ruins or have disappeared.However,it is still one of the most appealing attractions吸引all around the world.The Great Wall is the building project with the longest duration 持续and greatest cost in human lives.It deserves its pace among “The New Seven Wonders of the World.”中国航天工程神舟号宇宙飞船以其十次成功发射给全世界留下了印象。
英语和汉语的特点提两者特点的目的并不是为了扯淡，而是必须要提到的。
只有同时了解汉语和英语两种语言的特点，才能合理地分析一段汉语的语言结构，提取出其中蕴含内容和逻辑结构，并根据英语的语言特点，对应地翻译出拥有同种含义的英文来。
而且，后面所有关于汉英翻译的内容，都将围绕着下面所提到的特点展开。
那么两者具体有什么特点呢？●首先，最基本的一点要清楚，英语是“形合”语言，汉语是“意合”语言。
也就是说英语的结构，是通过“有形”的语法来体现的，而汉语的结构和语法，则蕴含在文章的意思里。
这么说有点抽象，具体一点。
英语的一大特点是具有时态和单复数，而汉语中没有虽然有一些表达时间的副词，但是并没有体现时间的时态。
举个例子，通俗的一句“吃了吗？”“吃了”，这两句话表明的是现在完成时，但并没有明文规定的语法特征。
如果还不明白，那我们拿形容词和名词，再举个例子。
汉语中的“农业发展”，你会翻译成什么？”agriculture development”? 那就错了，因为“农业”一词是形容词，虽然词组中并没有体现出来，但是根据意思，不难发现“农业”是修饰“发展”的，这个词组的完整结构应该改是“农业的发展”，但是由于在汉语中，语法结构已经被体现在意思之中，因此“的”可以省去。
那么，知道了“农业”是形容词，不难翻译出”agricultural development”.所以，我们要知道，在从汉语翻译到英语的过程中，要积极挖掘汉语中体现的时态，人称，单复数，单词的词性，句子之间的逻辑关系，并想办法用相应的英语语法体现出来。
具体怎么做，下面会详细地叙述。
●第二点，也是保证翻译的句子是否流畅和通顺的关键，汉语习惯使用以用“，”隔开的短句，而英语则更多地是在以“主谓宾”或者“主系表”为中心，嵌套有各种从句（定、状）和修饰结构（如in the middle 20st century 这样体现时间，而又不是时间状语的结构）的句子结构。
简单的说，汉语多是简单句，英语多是复杂句。
翻译策略1)分句法把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。
或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。
例1八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。
译文: It was in mid-August,and the repair section operatedunder the blazing sun.（一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句）例2 他为人单纯而坦率。
译文: He was a simple man.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了) 例3 The mother might have spoken withunderstandable pride of her child.译文:母亲谈到她的孩子时，也许有自豪感，这是可以理解的。
（形容词被拆开）例4 I wrote four books in the first threeyears,a record never touched before.译文:我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。
（名词短语拆开）2)合句法把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。
例5她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。
译文:She had made several attempts to help themfind other rental quarters without success.（多个简单句合成一个单句）例6他们有遵守交通规则，机器出了故障。
译文：His failure to observe the safety regulations resultedin an accident to the machinery.（并列复合句合成一个单句）例7 When we praise the Chineseleadership and the people, we are not merely beingpolite.译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。
大学英语四六级汉译英及答案In China, the College English Test (CET) is a standardized language proficiency exam that measures the ability of students to comprehend English. The CET was first introduced in 1987, and since then, has become an essential requirement for individuals who wish to continue their higher education studies in China. The exam comprises two sections: listening and reading, with each section consisting of 50 multiple-choice questions.In addition to the CET, there are also two other English proficiency exams that students can take: the TEM (Test for English Majors) and the IELTS (International English Language Testing System). The TEM is designed for students studying English as a major in college, while the IELTS is an internationally recognized exam that measures an individual's ability to use English in academic and professional settings.One of the most challenging sections of the CET is the translation section, where students are required to translate a passage from Chinese to English. For the CET-4 exam, the passage is usually around 200 words, while the CET-6 passage is around 250 words. The translation section tests the student's ability to understand Chinese grammar and sentence structures and to effectively communicate the ideas presented in the passage in English.In preparation for the exam, students are encouraged to read extensively in English and to practice translating Chinese passages into English. There are also many resources available online, such as practice exams and study materials, to help students prepare for the test.To give an example of a CET translation passage, I will provide a sample passage from the CET-4 exam:原文：假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jim来信说他很忙，没有时间学汉语了。
英语四六级翻译练习一、汉译英Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.4. 悠久的历史令中国人倍感自豪。
相传五千多年前，黄帝统治着黄河流域的一部分。
黄帝和另一个首领炎帝为文明的进步做出了巨大的贡献。
据说黄帝发明了推车、船、衣裳、文字和医药。
炎帝教会人们用犁耕地。
今天，全球华人都把他们看作自己的祖先，称他们自己为“炎黄子孙”。
The Chinese people are proud of their long history. About 5,000 years ago, Huangdi, according to legend, ruled part of the Yellow River valley. He and another leader, Yandi, made great contributions to the progress of civilizatiotin. Huangdi is said to have invented the cart, the boat, the clothes, the script and the medicine, and Yandi to have taught people how to turn the soil with a plow. Today, Chinese all over the world regard them as their earliest ancestors, calling themselves “Yan-Huang’s desccendants”.5. 文房四宝，是中国书画的主要工具和材料，它们是笔、墨、纸、砚，人们通常称它们为“文房四宝”，是说它们是文人书房中最珍惜、最常用的四件宝贝。
2023年12月改革后四六级段落翻译考纲新增考点（1）“中国传统文化”必备词句作者：物院学生会2023年12月四六级考纲关于翻译题有两点大纲变动1、句子翻译改为段落汉译英翻译2、考试范围由“校园文化、民生发展、科技兴国、生命科学、求职就业”改为“校园文化、社会生活、餐饮娱乐、民生发展、科技兴国、生命科学、求职就业、新兴学科发展、中国传统文化”，其中亮点就是新增了难度较大的文化领域。
为此，针对传统文化，需要掌握以下文化语句的通用表达，必背16句!一、对龙图腾他的崇敬在中国大约已绵延了八千数年。
中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。
中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。
在中国人的心目中，龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。
Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the last 8,00 0 years. The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) a fetish that comb ines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox with cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The Chinese dragon was formed in accord ance with the multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, th e dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.二、秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。
四六级英语段落翻译—中国文化特色词改革开放reform and opening-up公务员civil servants官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存harmonious coexistence计划生育family planning计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning居委会neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展sustainable development廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency两岸关系cross-straits relations两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations领土完整territorial integrity民族精神national spirit普选制general election system人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization小康社会a well-off society小康水平a well-off standard一个中国原则the one-China principle与时俱进keep pace with the times综合国力overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边政策multilateralism人口老龄化aging of population高等教育higher education文科院校colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学college / university of science and engineering 高分低能high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招the college expansion plan教育投入input in education九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education考研take the entrance exam for postgraduate schools课外活动extracurricular activities必修课required/compulsory course选修课elective/optional course小康社会moderately prosperous society宏观调控macroeconomic regulatory社会主义新农村new socialist countryside农民工rural migrant workers in cities生产力过剩surplus production capacity节能energy conservation国有企业state-owned enterprises公务员civil servant义务教育compulsory education最低生活保障basic cost of living allowances自治区autonomous regions解放思想free our minds与时俱进keep pace with the times中国特色社会主义Chinese socialism特别行政区special administrative regions稳健的财政政策prudent fiscal policy.扩大内需boosting domestic demand民办学校non-publicly funded schools社会保障social safety net反腐combat corruption社会主义市场经济socialist market economy科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development社会主义和谐社会harmonious socialist society因地制宜tailor measures to suit local conditions南水北调South-to-North Water Diversion Project西部大开发large-scale development of the western region直辖市municipalities directly under the central government 第一第二第三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industry社会主义精神文明建设socialist cultural and ethical progress资源节约型和环境友好型社会 resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.让全体人民共享改革发展的成果ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.多元文化论cultural pluralism文化适应acculturation社会保障social security大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女the only child in a family单亲single parent福利彩票welfare lotteries家政服务household management service民工migrant laborers农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers全民健身nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查nationwide census社会保险social insurance暂住证temporary residence permit/card贫富分化disparity between the rich and一国两制One Country, Two Systems三个代表the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作South-South Cooperation人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念awareness of law法制国家a country with an adequate legalsystem基础课basic courses专业课specialized courses课程表school schedule教学大纲teaching program; syllabus学习年限period of schooling学历record of formal schooling学分credit素质教育quality-oriented education填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching国家教委State Education Commission国家统计局State Statistical Bureau神舟五号载人飞船manned spacecraft Shenzhou V风云二号气象卫星Fengyun II meteorological satellite重点项目key project国家重点工程national key projects南水北调South-to-North water diversion垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market 车牌摇号a lottery for license plates二代身份证2nd-generation ID cards。
练习一长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。
如果你到了中国却没有去过长城，就像到了巴黎没有去看埃菲尔铁塔(Eiffel Tower)，或者就像到了埃及没有去看金字塔一样。
人们常说：“不到长城非好汉。
”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，知道秦朝统一中国之后才将其连成长城。
然而，今天我们看到的长城---东起山海关，西至嘉峪关---大部分都是在明代修建的。
The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders of the world that created by human beings. If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, it’s just like going to Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower, or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids. Men often say, “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.”In fact, the wall began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become the “Great Wall” until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayuguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.练习二在中国，大熊猫是和平的象征。
大熊猫是一种濒危物种。
由于它们的栖息地遭到破坏，它们的数量正在急剧下降(dwindle)。
大熊猫的身体是白色的，在它的眼睛、耳朵、肩膀、胸部、腿部和脚周围都是一些黑色斑块。
这黑白相间的保护色彩可以让熊猫在雪地和岩石的环境中伪装(camouflage)起来。
大熊猫的视力非常好。
它们与众不同的眼睛激发了中国人的想象力，因此它们被称为“大熊猫”。
The panda is symbol of peace in China. Giant pandas are an endangered species and their numbers are dwindling very quickly as their habitat is destroyed. Giant pandas are white with black patches around the eyes, ears, shoulders, chest, legs and feet. This black-and-white coloring may camouflage pandas in the snowy and rocky environment. Pandas have very good eyesight. These unusual eyes inspired the Chinese to call the panda the “giant cat bear”.练习三世界贸易组织成立于1995年1月1日，目的是确保一个稳定的全球和贸易经济环境。
在当今世界上的190多个国家中，世界贸易组织的成员国(member country)有158个。
在处理国家之间的贸易规则方面，世界贸易组织是唯一的全球性国际组织。
世界组织的事务应该引起我们的关注，因为世贸组织制定的规则对我们国家的经济和国民生活都有一定的影响。
The WTO (World Trade Organization), established on January 1st, 1995, aims to ensure a stable trade and economic world environment. The WTO is an association of 158 member countries, of more than 190 countries in the world today. The WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The business of the WTO should be of interest to us because the rules that are being decided therein have an impact on our national economy, and people’s lives.练习四奥运会是国际性的体育盛会(sporting events)，体育项目种类繁多，分为夏冬两季，均是每4年举办一次。
最初有记载的奥运会于公元前776年在希腊的奥林匹亚(Olympia)举行。
奥运会是最大的媒体活动之一。
2000年悉尼奥运会上，有超过1.6万名播音员和新闻记者参与报道。
据估计，有38亿观众通过电视收看了此届盛会。
然而，奥运会的发展也是奥运会面临的一个大问题。
The Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event subdivided into summer and winter sporting events. The summer an winter games are each held every four years. The original Olympic Games were first recorded in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece. The Olympics are one of the largest media events. In Sydney in 2000 there were more than 16,000 broadcasters and journalists, and an estimated 3.8 billion viewers watched the games on television. However, the development of the Olympics is one of the largest problems the Olympics face today.练习五《三国演义》由罗贯中创作于14世纪，是一部中国历史题材小说。
小说以汉朝末年和三国时期的历史演变为背景，叙述了在这个动荡(turbulent)时期发生的一系列重大事情。
整个故事情节从公元168年开始一直到公元280年领土统一(reunification)时结束。
小说篇幅长达80万字，分为120个章节，共叙述了1191个人物角色，堪称中国文学史上四大经典小说之一。
“Romance of the Three Kingdoms”, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese historical novel based upon events in the turbulent years near the end of the Han Dynasty and the Three Kindoms era, starting in AD 168 and ending with the reunification of the land in AD 280. It is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature, with a grand total of 800,000 words, 1,191 characters, and 120 chapters.练习六秧歌舞(Yangko)是中国汉族的一种传统民间舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。
秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装(costume)，他们的表演动作有力而迅速。
在农历春节，元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣(gong)鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上观看秧歌舞表演。
近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了秧歌队，队员常年通过跳秧歌来保持健康，同时他们也乐在其中。
The Yangko dance is a traditional folk dance of the Han Chinese, commonly performed in the northern provinces. Yangko dancers usually wear bright and colorful costumes, and their movements are vigorous and quick. During holidays such as lunar New Year and the Lantern Festival, as soon as people hear the sound of drums and songs they swarm into the streets to watch Yangko dance performances, no matter how cold it is outside. In recent years, elderly people in some cities in Northeast China have been organizing themselves into Yangko teams, with the dancers mostly enjoying themselves while keeping fit all year round.练习七中国以创造各种方式、方法来方便人类的生活而广为人知。
在中国古代的发明中，四大发明不仅为中国的发展，还为世界经济和文化的发展，作出了巨大贡献。
中国古代的四大发明分别是造纸术、印刷术、火药(gun powder)和指南针(compass)。
中国古代的四大发明为世界经济和人类文化作出了重要贡献，而且这也是中国作为世界文明大国的重要象征。
