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Байду номын сангаас
Geert Hofstede
▪ The collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another.
▪ Culture is “software of the mind”.
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From Intellectual Perspective
▪ Culture is “the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively”.
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From Anthropologic Perspective
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Edward T. Hall
▪ Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.
▪ Culture is “the customs, civilizations, and achievements of a particular time or people”.
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Edward Tylor
▪ Culture…is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.