2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--介词和介词短语附答案

第四讲介词和介词短语一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.(2019宁夏银川一中二模）Last July Bell paid a visit on Europe.【答案】on→to【解析】句意：去年七月，贝尔访问了欧洲。

pay a visit to...意为“参观/访问……”，为固定短语。

2.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特二模）Due to my terrible pronunciation,I often got misunderstood or even laughed by others.【答案】laughed后加at【解析】句意：因为发音很差，我经常被人误解，甚至受到他人嘲笑。

laugh at sb.嘲笑某人，本句使用了被动结构。

3.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨三中一模）Our class held a debate to discuss this problem in last week.【答案】删除in【解析】this、that、every、each、last、next等修饰名词作时间状语时，其前不用介词。

4.(2019辽宁鞍山一中三模）In March 2014,I got the opportunity to apply a job in China.【答案】apply后加for【解析】句意：在2014年3月，我得到一个在中国求职的机会。

apply for申请。

5.(2019黑龙江大庆一中二模）As we were waiting on line,a young man with his son came behind us.【答案】on→in【解析】句意：我们正在排队等候时，一个年轻人带着他的儿子来到我们身后。

wait in line排队等候。

6.(2019吉林四平一中二模）I'm surprised to learn that many people here speak English in addition their national languages.【答案】addition 后加to【解析】句意：得知这里很多人除了说他们的国家语言外还说英语，我感到吃惊。

高考英语短文改错介词考点介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。

介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。

介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语。

介词可分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。

①Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语 )①This machine is in good condition.表(语 )①Where is the key to my bike?(定语 )①She always thinks herself above others（.宾补）一、介词的分类（1）从用法分类介词类型例词例句表示方位at, before, behind, below, etc.There must be something behind it.表示时间about, after, at, before, by, etc.He came home after 3 days.表示原因、目的for, with, from, etc.He died from cancer.表示对于to, for, over, at, with, etc.The book is really difficult for me.表示手段、方式by, in, with, etc.I will defend the motherland with my life.表示除去but, besides, except, etc.We all went to the supermarket except Tom.表示比较as, like, above, over, than, etc.They united as one man.表示结果to, with, without, etc.Man can’t live without water.（2）从结构分类介词分类构成例词简单介词只有单独一个after, at, on, in, during, since, till, across, over, through, past,词的介词near, to, above, by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below,beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against,along, among, around, etc.复合介由两个合成的介into, inside, onto, outside, throughout, towards, upon, within, without, etc.形容，分或副 +介according to, away from,owing to, etc.down to, inside of, near to, opposite to,+介as for, as to, because of, etc.介+ 介 ( 又称 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between, etc.短介双重介 )介 +名 +介by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to, etc.其他thanks to, etc.分concerning, considering, including, regarding, etc.形容或副like, near, opposite, round, next, etc.由其他than, but(除⋯⋯之外 ), etc.用despite(不；不管 ), etc.名【考点一】考with/without 复合构介 with/without+ 名 /代 +形容 /副 /介短 /不定式 /分（分可以是在分，也可以是去分）在句中表状或明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状。

1、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及二个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

One Sunday, I was reading my book while it suddenly occurred to me that it was my mother birthday the next day. However, I forgot it complete. I was worried that I didn’t prepare any present to her. At that moment, idea of online shopping came to my mind. I clicked the mouse and search some famous shopping websites. Having compared the price of many dress, I chose one with a reasonable price which I supposed my mum would appreciate it and bought it as soon as possible. The next day I received the dress as expected without get out of my room. You see, online shopping is very convenient that it has made our life colorful.2、假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌的以下作文,文中共有10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

第四讲介词和介词短语一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.(2019宁夏银川一中二模）Last July Bell paid a visit on Europe.【答案】on→to【解析】句意：去年七月，贝尔访问了欧洲。

pay a visit to...意为“参观/访问……”，为固定短语。

2.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特二模）Due to my terrible pronunciation,I often got misunderstood or even laughed by others. 【答案】laughed后加at【解析】句意：因为发音很差，我经常被人误解，甚至受到他人嘲笑。

laugh at sb.嘲笑某人，本句使用了被动结构。

3.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨三中一模）Our class held a debate to discuss this problem in last week.【答案】删除in【解析】this、that、every、each、last、next等修饰名词作时间状语时，其前不用介词。

4.(2019辽宁鞍山一中三模）In March 2014,I got the opportunity to apply a job in China.【答案】apply后加for【解析】句意：在2014年3月，我得到一个在中国求职的机会。

apply for申请。

5.(2019黑龙江大庆一中二模）As we were waiting on line,a young man with his son came behind us.【答案】on→in【解析】句意：我们正在排队等候时，一个年轻人带着他的儿子来到我们身后。

wait in line排队等候。

6.(2019吉林四平一中二模）I'm surprised to learn that many people here speak English in addition their national languages. 【答案】addition 后加to【解析】句意：得知这里很多人除了说他们的国家语言外还说英语，我感到吃惊。

第二讲非谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

故将think改为thinking。

2.Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，故将think改为thinking。

3.With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.【答案】.filling→filled【解析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补4.In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.【答案】.protect→protecting【解析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。

故将protect改为protecting 5.Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.【答案】.Saw→Seeing【解析】see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。

6.We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .【答案】.being→be【解析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形7.I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.【答案】.在want后加to【解析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。

第五节代词和介词(短语)考向分析题型一关于代词和介词(短语)的语法填空1．Nervouslyfacingchallenges，IknowIwillwhisperto(I) thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”．(2019·北京)答案myself解析考查代词。

句意为：焦虑不安地面临挑战时，我知道我将轻声对自己说：“做你自己。

”此处whisperto这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，宾语要用反身代词。

故填myself。

2．Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter­sch oolactivitiesarehappierthan (that) whoarenot.(2019·天津)答案those解析考查代词。

句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。

空格处代词对应thestudents，是复数，故填those。

3．Runningischeap，easyandit’salwaysenergetic.Ifyouaretimepoor，youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports，soperhapsweshouldallgiveatry.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案running/it解析考查名词或代词。

此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。

givesth.atry尝试一下某事。

4．Whenthegorillas(大猩猩) andIfrightenedeachother，Iwasjustgladtofind(they) alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案them解析考查代词之人称代词。

分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。

2020年高考英语二轮复习专题9 短文改错【构建知识体系】短文改错考点1动词的形误用（时态与语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词）考点2名词误用考点3冠词误用考点4代词误用考点5形容词或副词误用考点6介词（短语）误用考点7连接词（并列连词、从属连词）误用2017-2019年全国高考Ⅰ本专题考查分布明细统计年份数词动词名词冠词代词形容词或副词介词（短语）连接词2017年 1 2 1 1 0 3 1 1 2018年0 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2019 0 2 1 1 1 3 0 22016-2018年全国高考Ⅱ本专题考查分布明细统计年份动词名词冠词代词形容词或副词介词（短语）连接词数词2017年 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 02018年 3 2 1 1 0 2 1 0 2019年 1 1 0 1 4 1 1 12017-2019年全国高考III本专题考查分布明细统计年份动词名词冠词代词形容词或副词介词（短语）连接词2017年 3 0 1 1 2 1 2 2018年 3 1 0 1 2 1 2 2019年 4 1 1 1 1 1 1【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读给出一篇约100个单词的短文，文中有10处错误，要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错误将其改正。

错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。

每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

考查考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力，进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。

短文改错中常见的错误类型：1、动词的形（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词）；2、名词的数（单、复数）和格（主格、宾格）；3、冠词（不定冠、定冠、零冠）或代词的格和性；4、形容词或副词；5、介词（短语）；6、连接词（并列连词、从属连词）【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向1.【2019·全国I】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

2020届高考英语二轮复习短文改错提升练习冠词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.In word,e-hongbao is bringing new color to the old tradition.【答案】.在In后加 a【解析】in a word为固定短语，意为“总而言之”2.I volunteered to do it by saying"my deskmate is overweight boy whose clothes never fit him." 【答案】在overweight前加an【解析】此处表示“一个超重的男孩”，故应overweight后加an。

3.There was once a elderly woman in a nursing home.【答案】第一个a→an【解析】elderly的读音以元音音素开头，其前应用an。

4.Up to now,he has become member of our family and everyone has enjoyed his company.【答案】在become后加 a【解析】member是可数名词，意为“成员”，其前加不定冠词a表示‘—’5.Third,for the sake of our safety and the others' safety, we should obey the traffic rules.【答案】删除第二个the【解析】此处“其他人”是泛指，故前面不用加the。

6.Naturally,I made a rapid progress in English.【答案】删除 a【解析】progress意为“进步”，为不可数名词，前面不能用a修饰。

7.I think it good habit that in our spare time we read more books of great use.【答案】在good前加a【解析】habit意为“习惯”，是可数名词，此处为泛指，故用不定冠词a修饰。

2020年高考英语全国卷II短文改错试题及答案详解（全国卷II适用地区：重庆、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、海南）请看试题：第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.请看译文：谢谢你的来信，这真的令我很高兴。

1、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词正确形式填空。

Digging through kids' school bags, looking up all the assignments, sitting beside them going through each item, and finally 1 (have) all the homework checked with a name signed is a 2 (day)routine for most Chinese parents, as required by teachers. A demanding task especially after a long day’s work at office, isn’t it？ 3 （lucky）, some parents in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, have been liberated. A local primary school has recently announced that parents will no longer have to sign their names on their kids' homework, as students should be responsible 4 their own assignments.Making mistakes is 5 essential part of the process of understanding. Who cares ow much you 6 (score) in your homework after you have settled down in life and found your directions? The ability to realize one's mistakes and learn from them is what matters, 7 is also the main purpose of education. Why not give students a chance 8 (find) out and correct their mistakes themselves?It is by no 9 （mean）parents' duty to go through the kids' assignments. 10 parents are supposed to do is to create a friendly studying environment for kids, and teach them to be an independent learner. After all, independent learning is much more important than high scores.2、Lang Ping, ①____________was born on December 10, 1960 in Tianjin, brought honour and glory ②____________ our country. As a player, the role she played in the success of the China women’s volleyball team in the 1980s is ③____________ (impress). As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to ④____________ (medal) at world championships and the Olympics. As a person, Lang Ping is popular and has a great many fans ⑤____________ home and abroad. When the Chinese team was making preparations for the 2015 World Cup, her⑥____________ (determine) was tested. At that time the team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart as one of her best players had been injured and the captain ⑦____________ (have) to leave for heart problems. ⑧____________ (lose) two important players was a big challenge,⑨____________ Lang Ping did not lose heart. She knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team. And ⑩____________ (final), they were world champions.3、Learning to play an instrument is something that can give you a lot of pleasure. It is also anto take up because you think you ought to do it.When you’ve progressed far enough, there are lots of amateur groups that you canjoin 8when/ifyou want to be part of a larger group. Once you’ve reached a good enoughstandard 9to join(join) a band or orchestra (管弦乐队), you add the team skills like thoseyou get from playing sports. There's also a great social side to playing 10withothers, aswell as the chance to travel through touring.4、Once a farmer 1._______(lose) his watch in his bam, in which lots of grain was kept. The watch, which was a gift from his father, was very important to him and he was determined2._______(find) it.After searching the bam for a long time, however, he gave up and asked for help from a group of children who were playing nearby. He promised to give a great reward to whoever found the watch.3._______(hear) this, the children ran inside the bam4._______(immediate). They searched everywhere but still couldn't find the watch buried in the grain. The farmer was about to give up5._______ a little boy went up to him and asked to be given6._______ second chance. The farmer looked at him and thought, "Why not? After all, this kid looks honest." So the farmer sent the little boy back into the barn. After a while the little boy came out7._______ the watch in his hand! The farmer,8._______(surprise) but happy, asked the boy how he succeeded where the rest had failed. The boy replied, "I did nothing but9._______(sit) quietly and listen for the sound of the watch."This shows us that sometimes a peaceful mind can think 10._______(well) than an excited one.5、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。