《神表》--孙老师收费完全版：职称英语顺利过关的必备利器

前言《全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲》是专业技术人员参加全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试复习的重要资料。

根据近年来英语考试情，我们组织专家对该大纲进行了审定，该大纲继续遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，删减了部分篇幅，对词汇做了部分调整，其专业类别和等级划分不变，即：综合、理工、卫重3个专业类别和A、B、C3个等级。

专业技术人员可根据自己所从事的专业和需求，申报相应类别和级别的考试。

参加考试大纲编写的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成、高秋薄、白勇、朱莉莉、李建华、柳淑华、卢志鸿、沙丽金、崔刚等同志。

主持考试大纲修改的专家为：刘润清、韩宝成同志。

参加考试大纲审定的专家为：方立、戴炜华、张彦斌、邱陶生、曹精华等同志。

值此，我们向参加大纲编写、审定的专家及有关人员表感谢。

人事部专业技术人员管理司2007年11月全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲一、概述全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。

本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。

全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。

A、B、C三个等级考试的总分各为l00分，考试时间均为2小时。

二、评价目标全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。

考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。

专业第1课生词表president＝主席；urge＝敦促；effort＝努力；ensure＝保障；global＝全球的；energy＝能源；sec urity＝安全；international＝国际的；community＝社会；joint＝共同；Russia＝俄国；develop＝树立；implement =落实；concept＝观念；call for ＝要求；mutually＝互相；beneficial＝受益的；cooperation＝合作；diversified＝多元；form＝形态；development＝发展；common＝共同的；through＝通过；coordination＝协调；written＝书面的；s peech＝讲话；outreach＝范围；session＝会议；summit＝政府首脑的；G8＝八国政府；while＝当；crucial=至关重要的；economic＝经济的；growth＝成长；livelihood＝生计；country＝国家；world＝世界的；peace＝和平；stability＝稳定性；few＝几乎没有；achieve＝获得；wit hout＝不；join＝加入；stress＝强调；in this regard＝具体而言；following＝下列的；three＝三；priority ＝优先；area＝范围；first＝第一；enhance＝加强；mutual＝相互的；benefit＝利益；utilization＝利用important＝重要的；strengthen＝加强；dialogue＝对话；between＝之间；exporter＝输出者；consumer＝消费者；among＝…..之一；policy＝政策；improve＝改善；mechanism＝机制；monitor＝监测；market＝市场；respond to＝响应；emergencies＝紧急事件second=第二；system＝系统；R&D＝Research and Development研究开发；extension＝推广；place＝地方promote＝促进；key technology＝关键技术；renewable＝可更新的；hydrogen＝氢；power＝指电一类的能源；nuclear＝原子核；resource＝资源；energy-saving＝能源节省；third＝第三；maintain＝维护；sound＝健康的；political＝政治的；climate＝气候；favorable＝良好的；be made to含有“使得”的意思；hand＝手；safeguard＝维护；region＝地区；in particular＝特别是；issue＝问题；politicize＝搞政治；l ess＝较少；still＝还要；willfully＝任意地；resort to force＝诉诸武力，resort诉诸，force武力；tackling＝扭住；also＝也；expl ain＝阐述；strategy＝策略；summarize＝概述；as follows＝如下；high ＝高的；priority＝优先；conservation＝节约；rely on＝立足；domestic＝国内的；supply＝供给；develop diverse＝多元发展，diverse不同的；protect＝保护；environment＝环境；step up＝逐步增加；stable＝稳定的；economical＝经济的；clean＝清洁的；pledge＝保证；as＝作为；proper＝合理；make use of＝使用；win-win＝双赢；on the basis of＝以…..为基础；equality＝平等；jointly＝共同地专业第2课生词表how=怎样；learn＝学习；success＝成功；difficult＝困难的；task＝任务；fundamental＝基本的；principle ＝原则；lay down＝放弃，laid是lay的过去分词，这里lay down是“规定”的意思；While＝当；discuss＝讨论；subject＝问题；mention＝提及；indispensable＝不可缺少的；diligence＝勤奋；devotion＝专心；constancy＝持之以恒；punctuality＝准时To learn＝是动词不定式形式，语法中动词不定式是由to＋动词原型而构成。

- .中石油职称英语考试2016版通用选读目录1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management (1)work Security 网络安全 (2)3.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的... .. (4)4.How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判 (5)5.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料 (7)6.Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车 (9)7.Our Family Creed 家族的信条 (11)8.The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 (13)10.The Dress Code for Office Life 办公室的着装礼仪 (17)1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则If you are asked to chair a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management.如果要求你主持一个会议，记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。

1.Always start the meeting on time. If you begin on time, group members who show up late will realize the value of time. Beginning on time reflects skill as an effective time manager and sets a precedent for others to follow.1、总要准时开会。

如果你准时开始，晚到的与会者意识到时间的价值。

欢迎来到孙老师课堂一般网络课件上的英语“神表”比较简单，真正意义的英语“神表”一般人是很难得到的，她特别详细，“神表”是无价之宝，非金钱等俗物可买！内含我三十年之心血，收费课堂内免费赠送的也仅仅简单的神表，而且是三张--1 阅读-2 补全短文-3概括大意。

必须经我讲解并反复操练，否则废纸一张！！！类似武林秘笈的详细神表很少人能得到,如下：老师对阅读理解的两个基本要求1 准确率应在90%。

2 五篇文章应控制在35分钟之内。

（否则将没有时间完成其它部分的考试）知己我们的困难：1.词汇不够①扩大；②上下文推论；③躲避；2.看不懂文章①提升水平；②抓中心推理；③上下文推论；④避开枝节3.阅读速度慢①提升速度②只读中心③避开枝节4.判断模棱两可①围着中心转②注意段落结构—段落中心(段落第一句)及段落结论（段落最后一句）；③注意连词. ④注意主从句—●宾语从句看从句●状语从句看主句●定语从句看主句—先行词与从句看懂一个就行.5.出题人故弄玄虚-------没辙. 所以，孙老师建议：尽可能地不要做模拟考卷，因为模拟考试的质量及出题老师的水平参差不齐（很多都是为了赚钱，粗织滥造）这种题往往会对学生产生误导，挫伤学生的信心，浪费学生的时间。

应该做历年的高考原卷。

阅读文章视觉上的分类1.信息类--①内容：广告、计划书、通知、产品说明、查阅地图等②识别特点：文章不成段落，长短不一，有价钱电话号码，附有表格或地图③解题要领------只查不读注：此类试题比较简单，我将在本课最后讲解。

2.文章类--视觉上成段落。

包括小论文，说明文，科技文章，人物介绍及讲故事等等。

注：此类在试题中所占比例较大，比较复杂，需要应试技巧较多，是本课讲解重点。

英文文章结构三项基本原则：牢牢地抓住英文写作的“三步曲”l中心l举例说明●作者观点或文章结论注：以下总结多为条文，在记忆及理解上都有困难，但在实际考试中至关重要，同学们可在后面结合做题逐条理解并牢记心中。

第5课(1)阅读理解孙老师特别提示：不是因为有些事情难以做到，我们才失去自信，而是我们失去了自信，这些事情才难以做到！Giving up Smoking p21注：该文中心即文章题目---戒烟。

nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream(血流). Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum(口香糖) works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed(咀嚼).The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoker and easier admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report, the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine(可卡因), alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85 percent in Denmark.In the United States, the first direct action to check smoking阻止, 制止was the regulation of a warning on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in 1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read: “Warning: The Surgeon General HasDetermined That Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Hea lth.” In 1971all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring需要nonsmoking不抽烟的sections区in public places and workplaces.31 Which of the following can help a person quit smoking?A)Using nicotine patches.B)Reading cigarette advertisements.C)Chewing ordinary gum.D)Participating in social activities.查细节——4.一但确定关键词在文章的位置，注意周围中文注释，第二参考位是后面，第二参考位是前面，但一定要注意英文语言重心。

To our customers,Old Company Name in Catalogs and Other DocumentsOn April 1st, 2010, NEC Electronics Corporation merged with Renesas Technology Corporation, and Renesas Electronics Corporation took over all the business of both companies. Therefore, although the old company name remains in this document, it is a valid Renesas Electronics document. We appreciate your understanding.Renesas Electronics website: April 1st, 2010Renesas Electronics CorporationIssued by: Renesas Electronics Corporation ()Send any inquiries to /inquiry.Notice1. All information included in this document is current as of the date this document is issued. Such information, however, issubject to change without any prior notice. Before purchasing or using any Renesas Electronics products listed herein, please confirm the latest product information with a Renesas Electronics sales office. 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The quality grade of each Renesas Electronics product is “Standard” unless otherwiseexpressly specified in a Renesas Electronics data sheets or data books, etc.“Standard”: Computers; office equipment; communications equipment; test and measurement equipment; audio and visual equipment; home electronic appliances; machine tools; personal electronic equipment; and industrial robots.“High Quality”: Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.); traffic control systems; anti-disaster systems; anti-crime systems; safety equipment; and medical equipment not specifically designed for life support.“Specific”: Aircraft; aerospace equipment; submersible repeaters; nuclear reactor control systems; medical equipment or systems for life support (e.g. artificial life support devices or systems), surgical implantations, or healthcareintervention (e.g. excision, etc.), and any other applications or purposes that pose a direct threat to human life.8. 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Please be sure to implement safety measures to guard them against the possibility of physical injury, and injury or damage caused by fire in the event of the failure of aRenesas Electronics product, such as safety design for hardware and software including but not limited to redundancy, fire control and malfunction prevention, appropriate treatment for aging degradation or any other appropriate measures. Because the evaluation of microcomputer software alone is very difficult, please evaluate the safety of the final products or system manufactured by you.10. Please contact a Renesas Electronics sales office for details as to environmental matters such as the environmentalcompatibility of each Renesas Electronics product. Please use Renesas Electronics products in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances, including without limitation, the EU RoHS Directive. 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Please contact a Renesas Electronics sales office if you have any questions regarding the information contained in thisdocument or Renesas Electronics products, or if you have any other inquiries.(Note 1) “Renesas Electronics” as used in this document means Renesas Electronics Corporation and also includes its majority-owned subsidiaries.(Note 2) “Renesas Electronics product(s)” means any product developed or manufactured by or for Renesas Electronics.BCR1AM-12TriacLow Power UseREJ03G0344-0100Rev.1.00Aug.20.2004 Features•I T (RMS) : 1 A•V DRM : 600 V•I FGTI , I RGTI, I RGTⅢ : 5 mA (3 mA)Note5•I FGTⅢ : 10 mA •Non-Insulated Type •Glass Passivation TypeOutlineApplicationsContactless AC switch, fan motor, rice-cooker, electric pot, air cleaner, heater, refrigerator, washing machine, electric fan, vending machine, trigger circuit for low and medium triac, and other general purpose control applications Maximum RatingsVoltage classParameter Symbol12Unit Repetitive peak off-state voltage Note1V DRM600VNon-repetitive peak off-state voltage Note1V DSM720VParameterSymbol Ratings Unit ConditionsRMS on-state current I T (RMS) 1.0A Commercial frequency, sine full wave 360° conduction, Tc = 56°C Note3Surge on-state current I TSM 10A 60Hz sinewave 1 full cycle, peak value,non-repetitiveI 2t for fusingI 2t 0.41A 2s Value corresponding to 1 cycle of half wave 60Hz, surge on-state currentPeak gate power dissipation P GM 1W Average gate power dissipation P G (AV)0.1W Peak gate voltage V GM 6V Peak gate current I GM 0.5A Junction temperature Tj – 40 to +125°C Storage temperature Tstg – 40 to +125°C Mass—0.23gTypical valueNotes: 1.Gate open.Electrical CharacteristicsRated value ParameterSymbol Min.Typ.Max.Unit Test conditionsRepetitive peak off-state current I DRM ——0.5mA Tj = 125°C, V DRM applied On-state voltage V TM —— 1.6V Tc = 25°C, I TM = 1.5 A,Instantaneous measurement ΙV FGT Ι—— 2.0V ΙΙV RGT Ι—— 2.0V ΙΙΙV RGT ΙΙΙ—— 2.0V Gate trigger voltage Note2ΙV V FGT ΙΙΙ—— 2.0V Tj = 25°C, V D = 6 V, R L = 6 Ω,R G = 330 ΩΙI FGT Ι——5mA ΙΙI RGT Ι——5Note5mA ΙΙΙI RGT ΙΙΙ——5Note5mA Gate trigger currentNote2ΙVI FGT ΙΙΙ——10mA Tj = 25°C, V D = 6 V, R L = 6 Ω,R G = 330 ΩGate non-trigger voltage V GD 0.1——V Tj = 125°C, V D = 1/2 V DRM Thermal resistanceR th (j-c)——50°C/W Junction to case Note3Critical-rate of rise of off-statecommutating voltageNote4(dv/dt)c2——V/µsTj = 125°CNotes: 2.Measurement using the gate trigger characteristics measurement circuit.3.Case temperature is measured at the T 2 terminal 1.5 mm away from the molded case.4.Test conditions of the critical-rate of rise of off-state commutating voltage is shown in the table below.5.High sensitivity (I GT ≤ 3 mA) is also available. (I GT item: 1)Performance CurvesPackage DimensionsOrder CodeLead form Standard packing Quantity Standard order code Standard order code exampleStraight type Vinyl sack500Type name BCR1AM-12 Lead form Vinyl sack500Type name – Lead forming code BCR1AM-12-A6 Form A8Taping2000Type name – TB BCR1AM-12-TB Note :Please confirm the specification about the shipping in detail. 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2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---理工类运动的年轻人智商更高理A瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。

这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万新兵。

这些新兵报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究人员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的只能测试结果之间的联系很明显。

最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。

但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。

“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充分的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师Michael Nilsson如是说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。

我们还发现生长因子也很重要。

”通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”瑞典歌德堡大学健康科学研究院研究员，Aby健康中心医师Maria Aberg说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体育应成为学校中重要的一门学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论学科，体育课是非常有必要的。

”研究人员还将新兵服兵役入伍报到时的体格测试和智商测试的结果与他们后来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。

那些18岁时身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

吸烟会加重青少年的抑郁情绪理B有些青少年可能会一口接一口地吸烟来消除抑郁，进行所谓的“自我治疗”。

然而加拿大Toronto和Montreal大学的科学家却发现，事实上，吸烟会加重某些青少年的抑郁情绪。

“这项研究是检验吸烟是否可以给青少年带来精神欢愉的几项研究之一，”首席研究员Michael Chaiton如是说，他是Toronto大学Ontario烟草研究组织的助理研究员，“尽管吸烟能在短时间能起到自我治疗的作用，能振奋精神，但根据青少年自我报告的情况，我们发现，从长远看，吸烟的青少年往往有更多的抑郁症状。

大家论坛职称英语版块：/forum-109-1.html LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs. Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights. Inside, electricity heats a metal coil to about 2,200 degrees Celsius. At that temperature, bulbs give off light we can see.Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights, however, is heat -- and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulb s burn out quickly. They are also easily broken.LEDs, on the other hand, are like tiny pieces of rock made up of molecules that are arranged in a crystal structure. When an electric current passes through an LED, the crystal structure produces light. Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light of various colors. Within an LED, the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what color is produced.词汇：portable／'pɔ:təbl／adj．轻便的，手提式的light-emitting diode (LED) 发光二极管bulb / bʌlb／n．灯泡；球状物incandescent /,ɪnkæn'desənt／adj. 白灼的coil / kɔɪl /n．线圈，卷，圈molecule /''mɑlikju:l /n.分子注释：1．Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico：墨西哥中西部的马德雷山脉。

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---综合类上世纪人类平均寿命的变化综A一百年以前，发达国家的人均寿命大约是47岁；到21世纪初，美英两国的男性平均寿命约为74岁，女性则约为80岁，人们的平均寿命一直在延长。

是什么造成了这样的变化呢？在研究一百年前的人们寿命的时候，我们有必要注意当时一些不治之症。

早在20世纪初，这些不治之症经常是像天花之类的急性的高传染病。

许多儿童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年迈题弱的人也总是面临着它们的威胁。

如今，这些疾病在发达国家已远不能致命，有一些都能被治愈。

这一变化归于许多因素，比如：环境及个人卫生的改善，抗生素的发现及使用，（抗生素大大降低了细菌病的危险）以及常见疾病预防疫苗的接种。

除此之外，更洁净的空气、更好的食物保鲜方法、更舒适温暖的屋子还有对营养的进一步认识，这些总的环境的改善也促进了人们的整体健康。

从基因角度看，人都都能活到85岁，但尽管现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。

现在困扰人们的是像心脏病和中风那种更为慢性的疾病，还有像流行性感冒和AIDS那些通过病毒传染的疾病。

当然，癌症也是一大杀手。

上述疾病大多影响着老年人，但是令人担忧的问题在发达国家日趋明显，如：肥胖，产生更多心脏病和糖尿病等其他疾病患者群渐呈年轻化。

人们如今把这些疾病归为“生活方式疾病”，这意味着人们生活方式的改善有可能阻止它们的进一步发展。

竞技还是表演？综BMuhammad Ali 极有可能是世界上最负盛名的体坛人物：全世界不分老少都熟知拳王Ali。

退役后，Ali被诊断患有帕金森综合症，这激起了社会上对拳击运动危险性的争论和诟病。

另外，由于Ali曾坦白反对女性拳击运动，所以当他的一个女儿— Laila决定跨入拳坛时，人们十分好奇Ali对此会作何回应。

然而，在Laila首场职业争霸赛上，Ali的露面似乎高调宣布了他对女儿的支持。

父亲当然会想看自己女儿的比赛。

1、1、金融用语：受取手形：应收票据；外貨ポジジョン：外汇头寸；公定歩合：法定贴现率；最割引率：再贴现率；つなぎ融資：过渡性融资；変動為替レート：浮动汇率2、股市用语：上げ幅：升幅；先安：看跌；そこを割る：跌破最低大关；持ち合い：暂告平息；軟調：疲软3、缩略语：ADBゕジゕ開発銀行（亚洲开发银行）；CIEC 国際経済協力会議（国际经济合作会议）；GA TT関税貿易一般協定（国际关税和贸易总协定）；FAO 国連食料農業機構（联合国粮农组织）；IMF 国際通貨基金（国际货币基金组织）；JICA国際協力事業団（日本国际事业协力团）OPEC石油輸出国機構（石油输出国组织）；UNDP国連開発計画（联合国开发计划署）一、经济类文章○円の国際化変動相場制の第二の不均衡は、日本の貿易収支の大幅な黒字である。

確かに第二次石油ショックの直後こそ貿易収支は赤字またはわずかな黒字だったが、数年後には大幅黒字が復活している。

79年の第二次石油ショックの後も、79－80年こそ、貿易収支は２０億ドル前後の赤字、経常収支は大幅の赤字だったが、81年以降再び黒字を増やし、83年には経常収支も黒字となった。

85年、86年は貿易収支各461億ドル、828億ドル、経常収支は各350億ドル、492億ドルの黒字である。

普通ならとっくに円高となってよさそうだが、そうならなかったのは、日本からゕメリカへ莫大な金利稼ぎの長期資本が流出したからである。

この時期の貿易黒字の急増は、日本の輸出努力とともに、ゕメリカのドル高のあおりを受けたと見るのが正しいだろう。

かつては通貨レートは貿易の動きに依存していたが、現在では、資本収支の動きが大きな影響を持つようになっている。

それだけに、貿易摩擦問題が通貨レート調整によって解決する見通しは少ない。

むしろ日本側は、経常収支の黒字を対外投資の推進に振り向け、円高を避けてきた。

实行浮动汇率制度的第二个不均衡问题是日本的贸易收支顺差大幅度。