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2014年职称英语考试真题及解析（理工类A）insane1.Both of the old man’s daughters were killed, and now he is goingA.sadB.mourningC.crazyD.revenge正确答案:C解析:老人的两个女儿都被杀死了，现在他快要疯了。
A 伤心B哀悼C 疯了D 报仇2.The teacher got annoyedwith him because his was always lateA.enjoyedB.connectedC.satisfiedD.upset正确答案:D解析:他总是迟到，这令他的老师很生气。
A 喜欢B 联系C 满意D 生气consequently3.The supermarket was closed, and they returned home with empty handsA.conciselyB.eloquentlyC.as a resultD.frequently正确答案:C解析:超市关门了，结果他们只能空手而归。
A 简明地 B 雄辩地 C 结果D频繁地foliage4.The park is famous for the autumnA.weatherB.harvestC.festivalsD.leaves正确答案:D解析:那个公园以秋叶闻名。
A 天气，气候B收获C节日D叶子fruitful5.The scientific work in the past ten years turns outA.blindpleteC.productiveD.careful解析:十年来的科学工作结果硕果累累。
A 盲的B 完整的C 有收获的D 仔细的dog than the wolf6.Of all the wild dogs, none is more closely related to the domesticatedA.ordinaryB.tameC.faithfulD.hunting正确答案:B解析:所有的野狗都没有狼与家狗的关系密切。
2014年职称英语考试试题理工类c级真题及答案（word版）第1部分词汇选项1.Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.A fineB winterC outdoorD extra2.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.A excitementB angerC calmD disappointment3.The AIDS convention will be held in Glasgow.A conferenceB partyC celebrationD union4.The new service helped boost pre-tax profits by 10%.A returnB realizeC increaseD double5.Some comments are just inviting trouble.A asking forB keeping out ofC getting intoD suffering from6.His knowledge of French is fair.A very usefulB very limitedC quite goodD rather special7.The book raised a storm of controversy.A damageB voiceC doubtD argument8.My principal concern is to get the job done fast.A seriousB mainC deepD particularck of space forbids further treatment of the topic here.A receivesB deservesC acceptsD prevents10.He made a number of rude remarks about the food.A commentsB signsC mannersD noises11.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present systm.A proveB discoverC considerD imagine12.His heart gave a sudden leap when he saw her.A hopeB jumpC silenceD life13.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.A partsB aspectsC painsD results14.I'm sure I'll be able to amuse myself for a few hours.A entertainB treatC holdD keep15.Several windows had been smashed.A cleanedB brokenC replacedD fixed答案：DDACA CDBDA BBCAB第二部分阅读判断So Many "Earths"The Milky Way(银河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life.That's the finding of new study.It draws on data that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope.A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service.Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its date have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy.The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's but no more than twice that big.The planet also would have to orbit in a stor's habitable zone. That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as liquid.The new estimate of how many plantes might fit these conditions comes from studying more that 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them.The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate(推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.The estimate is rough，the authors admit. If applied to the solar system，it would define as habitable a zone starting as close ot the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike(although either might have been in the distant pase). Using tighter limits the researchers estimate the between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world.These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number. It would mean however that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.16. The Kepler space telescpe has been in service for 15 yearsA RightB WrongC Not mentioned17.The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth's.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18.The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19.The Earth is a planet orbiting in the Sun's habitable zone.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20.The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars on the Milky Way.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21.The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22.This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned答案：CABABAC第3部分概括大意与完成句子Pathways to Research：Problem-solving1 Pittsburgh's many hills aren't kind to bikers. Anyone hoping to pedal to work there has to contend with steep streets like Canton Avenue，which famouslyclimabs at a nearly 40-degree angle.As a result，some residents avoid biking altogether.2 But University of Pittsburgh graduate Micah Toll，23，and a few friends recently launched an invention that they hope will increase the city's pedal power. An electric bike called to Pulse PEVO. A super-strong battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hours without pedaling，it zips battery powers the bicycle. Able to hit nearly 20 miles per hour without pedating ，it zips up the city's most daunting(令人却步的)hills.Toll hopes it will persuade people in Pittsburgh and elsewhere to get out of their cars and onto bikes.3 If it sounds like Toll has a knack(窍门) for fixing problems，that's because he does. In high school，he designed a new type of construction beam. It weights no more than a feather pillow but can be used to build sturdy(坚固的)homes for refugees fleeing war or natural disaster.For his work，Toll was invited to attend the Inter International Science and Engineering Fair(Isef)—twice，in 2006 and 2007. The annual competition for young researchers is program of Society for Science&the Public(that's the parent organization of Science News for Kids).Toll says that when it comes to science，he keeps it simple：“You see a problem and say，“How couldI solve that?”4 He's not the only to take that approach. Many young researchers get their start by trying to solve a problem or fulfill a need in their own communities.When students dedicate themselves to finding a solution that many benefit theircommunity，“a passion is ignited(点燃)，”says Wendy Hawkins，executive director of the Inter Foundation，which sponsors Intel ISEF."Finding that passion and fostering it can be the key to many students future success."she says.23. Paragraph 124. Paragraph 225. Paragraph 326. Paragraph 4A Intel International Science and Engineering FairB The enthusiasm for solving problemsC The young researchers' passionD An invention increasing pedal powerE Why people avoid biking in PittsburghF The cause of national disaster27 A Pulse PEVO is powered with28 Toll hopes his Pulse PEVO will encourage people to29 A new construction beam invented by Toll weighs like30 Many young researchers are finding solutions to problems that mayA a nearly 40-degreeangleB get on bikesC a feather pillowD fix more problemsE a super-strong batteryF benefit their community答案：EDBC EBCF第4部分，阅读理解Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different.Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldn’t be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn’t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talkbecause of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has Identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, Interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .31. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How to understand intelligence.B. The importance of intelligence.C. The development of intelligence tests.D. How to become intelligent.32. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.33. Gardner believes that ________.A. children have different intelligences.B. all children are alike.C. children should take one intelligence test.D. there is no general intelligence.34. According to Gardner, schools should ________.A. test students’IQs.B. train students who do poorly on tests.C. focus on finding the most intelligent students.D. promote development of all intelligences.35. Gardner thinks that his theory has a ________ .A. musical foundation.B. biological foundation.C. intrapersonal foundation.D. linguistic foundation.答案：ABADBMusic is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expression是ever invented. In movies and plays，music has an added function：it not only moves people but also can shock people.Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels(分贝).Once sound exceeds this limit，even beautiful music will become ear-splitting noise and harm health.A strong blast(响声) of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet.High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat.In movies，sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people can't hear and only those who have the same ability can feel.In nature，there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. In physics，the sound that exceeds 20000Hz is called ultrasonic(超音波的).Dolphins，whales and bats can make suchhigh-frequency sound.It does no harm to health.Sound less than 20Hz is called infrasonic(次声)waves. When we move，the air will vibrate. The vibration of air can produce infrasonic wave.As the frequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of people's internal organs，infrasonic wave may cause resonance(共振) in human bodies. As a result，people's vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture(断裂). However，whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapon depends on its intensity. If its intensity is very low，it won't damage internal organs or a person's health. If the intensity of inf让sonic wave exceeds 160 decibels，it is extremely harmful. When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over the sea，it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels. Only typhoons canproduce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. At present，scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with the help of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.36 What could be the best title of the passage?A The power of musicB The harms of noisesC The magic of soundD The discovery of infrasonic waves37 What does the author say about music?A It may be harmful to people's halthB It always cheers people upC It is very often difficult to understandD It sounds better when it is lound enough38 It is true that the soundA of nature is the most beautifulB over 80 decibels is harmful to peopleC of high intensity benefits animalsD in movies is pleasing to the ear39 An ultrasonic soundA is very loudB does harm to people's healthC cannot be heard by peopleD is produced by the hero in movies40 It can be found from the last paragraph that infrasonic wavesA are harmless to people's healthB exist in people's internal organsC can be used as deadly weaponsD can improve eyesight答案：CABCCCompact DisksIf someone says to you your music CDs don't really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he isright in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers —a digital code.1 The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide.A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player2 turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune into specific signals using these codes.There are many types of compact disks. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on(rewritten on)as you would do with a floppy disk3. Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc —Read Only Memory4. This disk is like a "super" floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.CDs were first sold to the public in 1982 These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected to last between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented5 and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games onCD-ROMs.41 Music is recorded onto CDs asA laser beamsB digital codesC musical notesD special sounds42 E-mail is mentioned in the third paragraph to showA the variety of digital communicationsB the development of new technologiesC the usefulness of digital codesD the relationship between communication and technology43 One of the differences between CD-RWs and CD-ROMs isA CD-ROMs can be used for longer timeB CD-ROMs cannot be rewritten onC CD-RWs hold more informationD CD-RWs are merely used for music recording44 CDs can last a long time ifA they are seldom usedB they play well and sound fineC their users take good care of themD they are developed with new technology45 It can be inferred from the passage thatA CD-ROMs are more expensive than other CDsB new technology for music recording is being developedC the author likes listening to musicD flppy disks are no longer in use答案：BCBCC第5部分，补全短文Do You Have a Sense of Humor?Humor and laughter are good for us. There is increasing evidence that they can heal us physically，mentally，emotionally，and spiritually. In fact，every system of the body responds to laughter in some positive，healing way. So how can we get more laughter into our lives?(46)Psychologist and author，Steve Wlison，has some answers.Many peoplebelieve that we are born with a sense of humor.They think，“either you've got it，or you don't”Dr.Wilson points out that this false.(47) The parts of brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth(48)(After all ，when a baby laughs，we don't rush over and say，“That kid has a great sense of humor!”)A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a lifetime.Sometimes people think that they don't have a good sense of humor because they are not good joke tellers.Dr.Wilson reminds us that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor.(49)Then we will make others laugh，too.A person who has a true sense of humor is willing and able to see the funny side of everyday life.One of the best definition of a sense of humor is“the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation.”Consider this sign from a sore window.“Any faulty merchandise will be cheerfully replanced with merchandise of equal quality.”The store manager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with the store's excellent service.(50)As Dr.Wilson says，“a good sense of humor means that you don't have to be funny;you just have to see what's funny.”A He advises us to lose our inhibitions(抑制)and try to laugh at ourselves.B Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?C However，that does not mean that infants have a sense of humor.D What is true，however，it that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smileE Everyone experiences this emotionF He had a serious purpose，but if you have a sense of humor，you will probably find the sign funny!答案：BDCAF第6部分：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分)Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events —flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring —all around the world. But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest —birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. —and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology4Network. “Phenology”is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from acrossthe United States. People participating in the project —which is open to everyone —record their observations on the Project Bud Burst website.“People don't have to be plant experts —they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,”says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. “As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”51 A everywhere B anywhere C somewhere D nowher52 A If B Although C When D Because53 A giving B showing C developing D observing54 A special B professional C skillful D ordinary55 A on B at C to D with56 A small B limited C smple D large57 A Very B Much C AsD Many58 A All B Any C Some D Most59 A send B print C answer D keep60 A known B featured C belonged D called61 A alike B like C unlike D likely62 A points B wonders C data D interests63 A common B suitable C open D strange64 A want B forget C mind D have65 A who B how C before D since ADDDC BDAAD ACCDB。
2014年职称英语（理工类）考试辅导课程讲义目录第一部分了解职称英语 (3)一、概述 (3)二、评价目标 (3)三、考试内容与试卷结构 (5)四、命题原则 (6)五、答题及计分方法 (7)第二部分答题技巧 (8)一、词汇选项 (8)二、阅读判断 (10)三、概况大意与完成句子 (10)四、阅读理解 (12)五、补全短文 (13)六、完形填空 (13)第三部分 2013年新增文章 (15)2013年职称英语理工类新增文章篇目（ABC类） (15)阅读理解新增文章 (17)第十一篇 (17)第十九篇 (19)+第四十八篇 (22)完形填空新增文章 (25)第三篇 (25)第八篇 (28)+第十三篇 (31)第四部分 2013年真题 (36)2013年职业英语（理工类）A级考试真题 (37)2013年职业英语（理工类）B级考试真题 (55)2013年职业英语（理工类）C级考试真题 (70)第一部分 了解职称英语一、概述总述：全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。
专业类别注：三类考试的共同点和不同点：每个级别的试卷内容，除综合类外，普通英语和专业英语题目各占50%。
对于类别的区分意义不大，原则上考生报综合、理工、卫生的任何一类都是可以的，考生可结合自身情况及单位规定进行报考。
在正式考试中，50%的题都是一样的。
等级总分：100分 考试时间：120分钟注：参加考试的考生允许带一本普通的英语字典进入考场。
建议参加C 级和B 级考试的考生可以使用《牛津英汉双解词典（中级）》，参加A 级考试的考生适用《牛津英汉双解词典（高级）》，还可以同时考虑准备一本《牛津英语同义词词典》。
二、评价目标总目标：要求： （一）词汇量注：可以主要掌握2000个左右的核心单词和短语结构。
实际考试中出现的超纲词一般都会给出中文注释。
（二）语法知识注：不直接考查语法，对基本语法的考查融入到各类考题中，进行间接考查。
A级—理工类第一部分阅读理解Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-DestructScientists have long understood that super massive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hole's gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough.Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such an unfortunate star's life, as it veered towards a super massive black hole.When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that no nuclear explosion should occur.The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. "There will be an explosion of the star —it will be completely destroyed," Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the star's matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star's matter out of the black hole's reach, he says.The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought that several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.If stars disrupted near black holes really do explode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Halpern of Columbia University in New York, US. "It may make it possible to see the disruption of that star immediately if it gets hot enough," he says.Brassart agrees. "Perhaps it can be observed in the X-rays and gamma rays, but it's something that needs to be more studied," he says. Supernova researcher Chris Fryer of the Los Alamos National Laboratory inLos Alamos, New Mexico, US , says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whether the researchers have proven their Case that they explode in the process.练习：1. Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to ablack hole. Which of the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A The black hole could tear apart the star.B The black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star.C The black hole could dwindle its size considerably,D The black hole could devour the star.2. According to the third paragraph, researchers differed from each other in the problem ofA whether nuclear reaction would occur.B whether the stars would increase its density and temperature.C whether shock waves would occur.D whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars.3. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star.B The star would be destroyed completely.C Much of the star's matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black hole's reach.D The black hole would completely devour the star.4. What will happen several months after the explosion of the star?A The star's matter will move further away from by the black hole.B The black hole's matter will heat up.C The torn star's matter will swirl into the black hole.D The black hole's matter will release ultraviolet light and X-rays.5. According to the context, the word "disruption" in Paragraph: 6 meansA "Confusion. "B "Tearing apart."C "Interruption. "D "Flattening. "Too Little for Global WarmingOil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change saythey considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet.The IPCC's predictions of global meltdown pushed forward the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleldett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass.Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world's remaining reserves. Nebojsa Nakicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel's work still stands. He says they factored in a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the "conservative" Swedes.Even if oil and gas run out, "there's a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited", he says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest analysis is a "shot across the bows'' for policy makers.练习：1. What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say?A) The burning of coal will accelerate the arrival of Earth's doomsday.B) The oil reserves are big enough to materialize the doomsday scenarios.C) Melting ice caps and searing temperatures exist only in science fiction.D) Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth's doomsday will never materialize.2. Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree toA) pay attention to global meltdown. B) cut CO2 emissions.C) use more green energy. D) stop using fossil fuels.3. What are the estimates of the world's oil and gas reserves?A) 4,000 billion barrels by the average forecast. B) 8,000 billion barrels estimated by the Swedes.C) 3,500 barrels envisaged by IPCC. D) 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists.4. Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true?A) He thinks fossil fuels are as dirty as oil and gas.B) He thinks green fuels will replace oil and gas eventually.C) He thinks IPCC's view on the world's oil reserves is too optimistic.D) He thinks that IPCC's estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.5. Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic's assertionthat "... such a switch would be disastrous ..."?A) The IPCC scenarios would come true because burning coal will emit largeramounts of CO2.B) A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.C) Oil and gas to replace coal as fuel would speed up the process of global warming.D) A switch from the IPCC scenarios to the policymakers' ones would be disastrous.U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life. Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample. The lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples."We have water," said William Boynton of the University of Arizona, lead scientist for the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer, or TEGA. "This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted."The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle."Mars is giving us some surprises," said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona. "We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck, different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing we've done so far."Since landing on May 25, Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab, TEGA, a microscope, a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present. The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead."It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars," said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle, color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft."The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see," said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University, lead scientist for Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera. "They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale."练习：1. What was discovered by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars?A Vast lakes.B Flowing rivers.C Water in a soil sample.D Living things.2. Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail?A The sample vaporized away.B Fresh material was exposed to the air.C The samples got stuck inside the scoop.D The robotic arm hit a hard rock.3. Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?A Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars.B Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.C Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars.D Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.4. Where are the scientists involved in the research from?A They are from America.B They are from Canada.C They are from both America and Canada.D They are from neither America nor Canada.5. Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera, according to your understanding of the passage?A It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images.B It imitates human voice and is able to record slight sounds while taking photos.C It takes clear photos that show every detail of the object.D It is this particular type of camera that can take wide angle pictures."Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common Cryptic species — animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant —may be much more widespread than previously thought. The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity estimates and wildlife management, to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution.Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology. Markus Pfenninger and Klaus Schwenk, of the Goethe-Universitat in Frankfurt, Germany, analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branches of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions.Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles, and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions. “Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality be many different Cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Pfenninger. Until the genetic information of all species in at least one taxon is thoroughly studied, no one will know just how many cryptic species exist, "It could be as high as 30%, Pfenninger says."I'm extremely surprised by their results," says Alex Smith of the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. "It's a call to arms to keep doing the broad kind of genetic studies that we are doing. "Sampling as many individuals as possible, scientists hope to complete. work on all fish and birds in another 5 to 10 years. Once either of these taxonomic groups is completed, Pfenninger says researchers will be able to decide how many cryptic species exist throughout the animal kingdom.Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant. A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct, non-interbreeding species, the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currentlylisted as vulnerable and threatened, respectively, by the World Conservation Union (WCU).The reclassifications are more than an academic exercise. They define populations that have evolved independently of each other and whose genetic differences can have significant consequences.In the early 1900s misidentification of mosquito species based on morphology confused: attempts to control malaria in Europe. Ultimately, what was thought to be a single species was actually made up of six sibling species, only three of which transmitted the disease. "The basic unit in biology is always the species, and you have to know what you are dealing with," Pfenninger says. Much previous research is now no longer used, he Says, because it is not clear what species was being studied.练习：1. Which of the following about the significance of the research on cryptic species is NOT true?A The results of the research can help the development of many other research areas.B The results of the research can help the development of biodiversity estimates.C The results of the research can help our understanding of infectious disease evolution.D The results of the research can help our understanding of "survival of the fittest. "2. What was scientists' understanding of cryptic species?A They occurred in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions.B They were mostly found in insects and reptiles.C They were likely to be in tropical rather than temperate regions.D Both Band C.3. Do scientists know how many cryptic species exist?A Not yet.B Yes, they do.C They will know the answer in another one or two-years.D They will never know the answer.4. Which of the following about the African bush elephant and the African elephant is true?A The WCU are interbreeding those elephants.B They are interbreeding species.C They are two genetically distant species.D They depend on each other for survival.5. People were confused in their attempts to control malaria in Europe inthe early 1900s. because scientistsA identified only one mosquito species instead of six species.B thought only three mosquito species transmitted disease.C thought there was only one mosquito species.D did not know what species was being studied.Thirsty in Karachi （卫生A）After two weeks in Karachi, I’m not sure whether to laugh or to cry. Either way, it involves water—or rather the lack of it.In Western Europe or the US, you only have to turn on the tap and you’ll see a jet of cold water, ready to drink, cook and bathe in, or wash the car. Turn on the tap in Karachi and you’ll be lucky to fill a few buckets. Until 1947 the city was part of British India, whose engineers built and maintained a modest water supply network for the city’s 500,000 inhabitants. Today, Karachi is home to around 12 million people. Half of them live in slum townships, with little or no water through the mains. Even the rich half usually have to wait days before anything tickles through their pipes. And the coloured liquid that finally emerges is usually too contaminated to drink.Half usually have to wait days before anything tickles through their pipes. And the coloured liquid that finally emerges is usually too contaminated to drink.According to the state-owned Karachi Water and Sewerage Board, the city needs more than 2,500 million litres of water each day. The board currently supplies 1,650 million litres of which nearly 40 per cent is lost from leaks—and theft. Leaks are dime a dozen to water utilities the world over, but theft?Karachi’s unlikely water pirates turn out to be ordinary families struggling to get adequate supplies of one of life’s necessities. Stea ling water takes many forms. The simplest is to buy a suction pump and get it attached to the water pipe that feeds your house from the mains. This should maximize your share of water every time the board switches on the supply. When the practice started 20 years ago, the pumps would be carefully hidden or disguised as garden ornaments. These days people hardly bother. The pumps are so widespread and water board inspectors so thin on the ground that when officials do confiscate a pump its owner simply buy a replacement.Insisting that people obey the law won’t work because most households have little alternative but to steal. For its part, the Karachi Water and Sewerage Board says it would dearly like to make life easier, but finds itself mired in debt beca use most residents either won’t pay water charges or can’t afford to the Urban Resource Centre, a Karachi-based think tank, of the 1.2 million known consumers of water only 750,000 are billed, of whom just 163,000 actually pay for their supplies. The board makes a perpetual loss, and there is no money to improve the system or even plug the leaks. Worse, the board increasingly relies on international loans from institutions such as the Asian Development Bank, which only makes its debt worse.The joke is that the owners of the suction pumps end up with little—if any—extra water. Your house is in a line with 20 other households all tapping into one horizontal pipeline. All you can end up doing, given you have pumps of equal strength, is redistri bute each other’s entitlement and pay higher electricity bills into the bargain.Back home in London, I’ll remember not to complain about the water meter, or the hosepipe ban.练习：1．According to the passage, people in Karachi today suffer from a short supply of water becauseA. the water supply network built in 1947 has stopped to function.B. the city has become much larger than before.C. old networks can not meet the need of the city’s greatly-increased population.D. other city is longer a part of British India.2. Now people in Karachi do not hide or disguise the suction pumps they use to steal water becauseA. the pumps are no longer wanted as garden ornaments.B. water supply board officials no longer confiscate them.C. it does not cost much money to buy a new one.D. many households have them and there are very few inspectors around to try to find them.3. Confronted with a severe shortage of water supply, the city’s Water and Sewerage BoardA. tries to improve the water supply system with borrowed money.B. is not making any effort to improve the situation.C. urges the consumers to obey the law.D. charges the consumers more for the water they use.4.Which of the following is true of the owners of the suction pumps, if their neighbors have equally powerful pumps as they do?A. They get some extra water.B. They only pay more for electricity.C. They share what they can get with their neighbors.D. They replace their pumps with new ones.5. Which of the following is true about the author when he is back home in London?A. He misses the days he spent in Karachi.B. He forgets the complaints he made in Karachi.C. He is content with the water supply in London.D. he complains about the water supply in London.（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。
2014职称英语理工类A级全真模拟试题(一)答案与题解第一部分：词汇选项ACCDC DCBBB CBDAD第二部分：阅读判断16 A文中第一段第一句专家预测火山随时会爆发。
17 B第二段最后一句，2000米指的是火山的灰尘喷发的高度。
18 B文中第三段第一句第一次的喷发就形成看这个大坑。
19 A文中第六段harmonic tremors （震动）recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen.地震记录仪预示还会有一场地震。
20 C文中没有提到科学家丧失了生命。
21 B从两次爆发的时间看，是在五月的下半月。
22 C 文中最后一句some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.并未说到是外国人。
第三部分：概括大意与完成句子23 B 第二段的第一句话说了大多数人对英国人有很大的偏见。
接下来又评价英国人的幽默和热情友好，所以People概括了本段的内容。
24 C第三段的第一句说在英国四处转转是非常简单的。
接下来分别提到了航班、火车、四轮马车、公交车等交通工具，所以Transport概括了本段的内容。
25 E 第四段的开头两句说英国并不是因为食物而闻名，但是你仍然需要知道一些传统的英国食物。
接下来就以此为中心介绍了一些传统的英国食物，所以Food概括了本段的内容。
26 F第五段的的开头提到Pubbing and clubbing是英国人夜生活的主要方式。
接下来分别介绍了Pubbing 和clubbing，所以Nightlife概括了本段的内容。
27 B文章开头提到从Buckingham Palace到Oxford，英国装载着美妙的富含过去时代气息的标志，同时又非常的现代化，即既体现了英国的ancient ，又体现了它的modern。
职称英语综合类A级考试试题答案及解析(二)一、词汇选择（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
）第1题Their research merely duplicates work already done elsewhere.A borrowedB purchasedC copiedD rewritten【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本句意思：他们的研究工作只是重复别人做过的事情。
duplicate：复制。
copy和它是近义词。
如：The secretary was asked to copy the contract．秘书被要求复印合同书。
purchase和buy意思相同，表示购买，只是它比buy用法要正式。
rewritten是rewrite的过去分词，表示改写，如：He was asked to rewrite the article．他被要求重写这篇文章。
第2题After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour.A walkB restC bathD breath【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本句意思：我们饭后经常在公园散步大约一个小时。
句子意思应该是很悠闲地散步，所以A与其意思较接近。
walk：走路，行走。
bath：洗澡，用法为“to take a bath”。
breath：呼吸，如：I was out of breath/short of breath after running for the bus．我因为追赶公共汽车，弄得上气不接下气。
第3题The film originated from a short story.A resultedB heardC derivedD made【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本句意思：这部电影取材于一篇短篇小说。
2014职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: 2014 Vocational Title English Level A Exam Questions and AnswersIntroduction:The 2014 Vocational Title English Level A Exam is a comprehensive test for professionals in the science and technology fields. It covers a wide range of topics including mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, and other related subjects. In this article, we will provide some sample questions and answers from the 2014 exam to help you prepare for your own test.Sample Questions and Answers:1. MathematicsQuestion: Solve the following equation for x: 2x + 5 = 11Answer: x = 32. PhysicsQuestion: What is the formula for calculating velocity?Answer: Velocity = Distance/Time3. ChemistryQuestion: What is the chemical symbol for gold?Answer: Au4. BiologyQuestion: What is the process by which plants make their own food?Answer: Photosynthesis5. EngineeringQuestion: What is the function of a turbine in a power plant?Answer: To convert kinetic energy into mechanical powerConclusion:The 2014 Vocational Title English Level A Exam covers a wide range of topics related to science and technology. By practicing with sample questions like the ones provided in this article, you can better prepare yourself for the exam and increase your chances of passing. Good luck with your studies!篇22014职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案Part I Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)1. It wasn't long ________ the damage was repaired.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceD. when答案: B. before2. A number of good schools have been set up there, and _______ has contributed greatly to the city's development.A. itB. thatC. whichD. what答案: A. it3. Please shut the door, ______ the noise will disturb others.A. butB. althoughC. otherwiseD. however答案: C. otherwise4. He wasn't satisfied with his work and made it _______ to his boss that he felt he should be doing something else.A. simpleB. sureC. clearD. certain答案: C. clear5. Gold rush days in California ______ the middle of the nineteenth century.A. back toB. lie inC. date fromD. go by答案: C. date from6. That they will win the game is by no means certain; actually, it is very ________.A. probableB. possibleC. likelyD. doubtful答案: D. doubtful7. We missed the early bus, and as a result we _______ 10 minutes for the next one.A. must to waitB. had waitC. waitedD. had to wait答案: D. had to wait8. The old lady urged her son to stop drinking and ________.A. so did the doctorB. so the doctor didC. so have the doctorD. so had the doctor答案: B. so did the doctor9. A _________ can describe a word, a phrase or a clause.A. sentenceB. functionC. phraseD. machine答案: B. function10. The boy wrote a ______ to Mr. Smith asking for his help.A. cardB. statementC. letterD. message答案: C. letter11. Early humans lived in small bands of people _______ they moved from place to place.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. where答案: C. that12. My mother ______ yesterday that she didn't like Chinese food.A. saysB. speakC. saidD. talks答案: C. said13. A _______ is something that you have to do or deal with that you dislike.A. decisionB. dutyC. jobD. work答案: B. duty14. The food got ______ when we arrived, so we decided to leave the restaurant.A. finishB. eatC. eatenD. finished答案: C. eaten15. The book is written in simple and clear language, _______ it easy for students to read and understand.A. what makesB. thus makingC. which makeD. so make答案: B. thus making16. The teacher told the students that they ________ study hard or they would fail the exam.A. mustB. mightC. needD. ought答案: A. must17. The man is polite and ____ harsh to people.A. areB. veryC. isD. being答案: C. is18. _______we have the equipment, we can start work immediately.A. UntilB. As soon asC. AfterD. If答案: B. As soon as19. The robbers tied the man to a tree for fear that he _______ try to escape.A. shouldB. mustC. willD. may答案: A. should20. She asked me if I _______ take my medicine, which I'd already done.A. neededB. needC. mustD. must to答案: B. need这是2014职称英语理工类A级考试的真题部分，相关详细内容请查阅真题答案。
职称英语理工类A级-阅读理解专项(有解析)(二)一、阅读理解（共80小题,共240.0分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第1题New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS VirusA high-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus in a few patients continues to show promise.But researchers won't know for a year or more whether it will work, scientist David Ho told journalists this Wednesday for the Fourth Conference in Viruses and Infections."This is a study that's in progress," says Ho, head of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York.The study involves 20 people who started combinations of anti-HIV drugs very early in the course of the disease, within 90 days of their infections. They've been treated for up to 18 months. Four others have dropped out because of side effects or problems complying with the exacting drug system.The drugs have knocked the AIDS virus down to undetectable levels in the blood of all remaining patients. And, in the latest development, scientists have now tested lymph nodes and semen from a few patients and found no virus reproducing there, Ho says. "Bear in mind that undetectable does not equal absent," Ho says.Ho has calculated that the drugs should be able to wipe out remaining viruses — at least from known reservoirs throughout the body — in two to three years. But the only way to prove eradication would be to stop the drugs and see if the virus comes back. On Wednesday,' Ho said he wouldn't ask any patient to consider that step before 2 years of treatment. And he emphasized that he is not urging widespread adoption of such early, aggressive treatment outside of trials. No one knows the long-term risks. But other scientists are looking at similar experiments. A federally funded study will put 300 patients on triple-drug treatments and then see if some responding well after six months can continue to suppress the virus on just one or two drugs, says researcher Douglas Richman of the University of California, San Diego. Some patients in that study also may be offered the chance to stop therapy after 18 months or more, he says.According to the passage, the attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus ______.A continues to be hopefulB will be successful in a yearC will be successful in futureD will stop being hopeful【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：3.0分【答案解析】[解析] 利用题干中的核心词“the attempt”作为答案线索，同时注意利用备选项中的核心词 hopeful和successful，这样发现答案相关句：Ahigh-profile attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus in a few patients continues to show promise(与A中的hopeful呼应)．这个句子的意思是“为消除一些病人身体中的AIDS病毒所做的尝试一直显示出希望”，根据这句话的内容判断A(一直显现出希望)是答案。
2014年职称英语试题(理工A)主讲人：王霞词汇选项1. This was disaster on cosmic scale.A. modestB. commercialC. hugeD. nationalcosmic：极其广阔的2. New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.A. amazingB. depressingC. predictableD. dullmonotonous：单调的，枯燥乏味的词汇选项3. A person’s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness.A. equalB. certainC. largeD. oppositeinverse：相反的4. His professional career spanned 16 years.A. startedB. changedC. lastedD. movedspanned：跨越[时间]词汇选项5. The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.A. easedB. improvedC. relievedD. appeared提示：该题出现出题错误原题：The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten years later.A. eased (减轻，缓解)B. improved（提高改进）B. relieved（减轻，缓解） D. appeared（出现）解析：答案选项D是不及物动词，后面不能带宾语。
词汇选项6. The group does not advocate the use of violence.A. limitB. supportC. regulateD. opposeadvocate：提倡，拥护7. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. actB. homeworkC. justiceD. model词汇选项8. Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.A. motionlessB. silentC. seatedD. truestationary：静止的，固定的9. There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject.A. pointB. resultC. findingD. tendencyinclination：倾向词汇选项10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.A. sincereB. respectfulC. emptyD. terriblehollow：空的11. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A. copyB. publishC. summarizeD. furnishrender：提供词汇选项12. That uniform makes the guards look absurd.A. seriousB. beautifulC. impressiveD. ridiculousabsurd：荒谬的，荒唐的13. The department deferred the decision for six months.A. put offB. arrived atC. abided byD. protested againstdeferred：推迟词汇选项14. The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated .A. inventedB. reproducedC. designedD. reportedduplicated：复制15. The country was torn apart by strife.A. conflictB. povertyC. warD. economystrife：冲突阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game16. The game developed by Dassault Systemes is the first 3D gamerecreating（再现） the vision（视觉） of different species.答案为：A文章中相关句:Now you can look through their eyes with the first3D game that recreates the vision of different species …. Theonline simulation, created by the French 3D design companyDaasault, with the guidance of …. mimics (模仿) the vision offive animals --- cats,…阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game 17. Dassult’s 3D software takes different perspective like colorperception and angle of vision into account.答案为：A文章中的相关句：due to differences in field of view, color perception and night vision, for example, … be drasticallydifferent from species to species….. Dassault’s 3 D allows …be modified by adding blur(模糊区域) or changing the colors,angle of vision and depth of…阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game18. The animals’ views in the software are the same as those in reality.答案为：B文章中的相关句：“We used virtual cameras to preciselysimulate larger viewing angles but the result made peoplenauseous（令人作呕的）,” says Schmidt-Morand. “So wetweaked（微调） the model to give a sense of the wider viewwithout sticking to(忠于) reality.”阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game19. Dogs have larger viewing angles than humans.答案为A文章中的相关句：Haws have more detailed vision than ours, whereas dogs are better at seeing movement and have a wider field of view.阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game20. It takes the team the longest time to recreate the rat’s view becausethey’re near sighted.答案为C阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game21. The team is working on recreating the vision of more animals. 答案为B.答案相关句：If there is interest from schools and zoos， theteam hopes to recreate the vision of more animals.阅读判断——Experience the world in 3D game22. Schmidt-Morand’s favorite animal is cat.答案为C概括大意与完成句子（暂缺）阅读理解——A new strategy to overcome breast cancer 31. All of the following factors relating to cancer risk were mentioned inthe passage EXCEPT ______.答案为AB. regular walkingC. recreational activityD．lifestyle choices阅读理解——A new strategy to overcome breast cancer32. It can be inferred from Dr. Alpa Patel’s study that ___.B. daily walk could cut the chance of breast cancer.文章中的相关句：We were pleased to find that without anyother recreational activity, just walking one hour a day wasassociated with a lower risk of breast cancer in these women.阅读理解——A new strategy to overcome breast cancer33. Dr. Alpa Patel was ___.A. head of the survey study文章中的相关句：Dr. Alpa Patel, a senior epidemiologist(流行病学家) at the American Cancer Society is Atlanta, Georgia, wholed the study,….阅读理解——A new strategy to overcome breast cancer34．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? 答案为C：Walking was the only recreational activity for about half of the women文章中的相关句 Of the women, 47% said walking was their onlyrecreational activity.A. Most women take walking as their only recreational activity.B. the study aims to track the health conditions of its subjects., … so it ( the study) could monitor the incidence of cancer inthe group.D. irregular walking increased the risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal(绝经后的) women阅读理解——A new strategy to overcome breast cancer 35. The word “sustainable” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to___.答案为A：continuable(可持续的)D: persistent：[尤指不好或不受欢迎的状态或情况]持续存在的，继续发生的；执著的；不屈不挠的文章中的相关句：The challenge now is how we turn thesefindings into action and identify other sustainable lifestylechanges that will help us…阅读理解——The Northern Lights36. The solar wind comes into being as a result of ___. 答案为C：fast flow of energy away from the sun干扰项：a stream of particles being blown away文章中的相关句：Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma, and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind.阅读理解——The Northern Lights37. What happens when solar wind comes to the Earth? 答案为B：It is trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.文章中的相关句：The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth, but don’t worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.阅读理解——The Northern Lights38. The Northern Lights are created when______答案为A：atomic particles fall to the Earth and collide with atmospheric gases.文章中的相关句： The breaking and reconnecting of themagnetic field lines can cause atomic （原子的）particlescalled electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth’satmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall into the Earth,they collide with gas molecules（分子） in the atmosphere,creating flashes of light in the sky.阅读理解——The Northern Lights39．Which of the following statements is true of the Northern Lights?答案为A：Their movement is slow enough to be observed with the eyes. 文章中的相关句：Watching auroras(北极光) is fun and exciting,but normally you can only see them in places far north likeAlaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across thesky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes butthey can also pulsate(跳动), flicker(闪烁), or even move likewaves.阅读理解——The Northern Lights40. What is the author’s tone toward the Northern Lights?D. Appreciative (欣赏的)文章中的相关句：（文章最后一句）We hope you are able to travel to far-north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!with a Glance41. The eye-tracker technology enables us to______答案为D. move an object from screen with a glance.文章中的相关句：（第二段） A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mounted eye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object – a photo, say – and then pressing a key, selects that object. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just by glancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly.with a Glance42. Why is a button needed?D. To select what we want.文章中的相关句：（第四段）A button needs to be used to select the object you are looking at otherwise you end up with the "Midas touch"(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you look at gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "with a Glance43. The word “this” in Paragraph 6 refers to_______C. combination of gaze-tracking with input on touch devices. 答案相关句：（第六段）Christian Holz, a researcher in human-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, saysthe system is a nice take on getting round this fundamentalproblem of using gaze-tracking to interact. "EyeDrop solves this ina slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch deviceswe carry with us most of the time anyway and using touch input asa clutching（抓取） mechanism," he says. "This now allows usersto seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in avery natural manner."with a Glance44. Which of the following statement is true of eye-trackers for consumerdevices.D. They are expected to come out soon.答案相关句：（第7段）While current eye-trackers are ratherbulky（笨重的）, mainstream consumer devices are not too faraway.with a Glance45. What is Turner likely to study next?答案为：C. How to get touch screen involved.超强干扰项：A. How to drag and drop with gaze and taps.答案相关句：（最后一段）Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touchscreen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week.补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their StoryNEW YORK,NY, January 5,2010. St.Martin’s Press has announced the release of the paperback edition of Picking Cotton, a remarkable true story of what novelist John Grisham calls an “account of violence, rage, redemption(救赎)，and, ultimately forgiveness.”补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their StoryThe story began in 1987, in Burlington, North Carolina, with the rape of a young while college student named Jennifer Thompson. During her ordeal（折磨）, Thompson swore（发誓） to herself that she would never forget the face of her rapist（强奸犯）, a man who climbed through the window of her apartment and assaulted（攻击） her brutally. ___F____(46) When the police asked her if she could identify the assailant (袭击者) from a book of mug shots（嫌疑犯照片）, she picked one that she was sure was correct, and later she identified the same man in a lineup（行列）.F. During the attack, she made an effort to memorize everydetail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(纹身)，orother identifying marks.补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their StoryBased on her convincing eye witness testimony, a 22-year-old black man named Ronald Cotton was sentenced to prison for two life terms. Cotton’s lawyer appealed the decision（提出上诉）, and by the time of the appeals hearing（上诉听证会）, evidence had come to light suggesting that the real rapist might have been a man who looked very like Cotton, an imprisoned criminal named Bobby Poole. _____ D____(47) Jennifer Thompson looked at both men face to face, and once again said that Ronald Cotton was the one who raped her.D. Another trial was held.补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their StoryEleven years later, DNA evidence completely exonerated(证明……清白)Cotton and just as unequivocally(明确地) convicted Poole, who confessed to the crime. _____E___ (48) “The man I was so sure I had never seen in my life was the man who was inches from my throat, who raped me, who hurt me, who took my spirit away, who robbed me of my soul,” she wrote. “And the man I had identified so surely on so many occasions was absolutely innocent.”E. Thompson was shocked and devastated（使震惊）补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their Story____C___(49) Remarkably both were able to put this tragedy behind them, overcome the racial barrier that divided them, and write a book, which they have subtitled “Our memoir（回忆录） of injustice and redemption（拯救）.”C. I cannot begin to imagine what would have happenedhad my mistaken identification occurred in a capital（可判死刑的）case补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their StoryNevertheless, Thompson says, she still lives “with constant pain that my profound mistake cost him so dearly ____A____(50)”A. Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton andapologize to him personally.补全短文——Wrongly Convicted（宣判有罪） Man and His Accuser （原告） Tell Their StoryA. Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize tohim personally.B. Many criminals are sent to prison on the basis of accuratetestimony by eye witnesses.C. I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened hadmy mistaken identification occurred in a capital caseD. Another trial was held.E. Thompson was shocked and devastated.F. During the attack, she made an effort to memorize everydetail of his face, looking for scars, tattoos(纹身)，or otheridentifying marks.完形填空——Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills and Language retardation(延迟).They found that developing musical skill involves the (51) same process in the brain as learning how to speak .The scientists believe that could (52) help children with learning disabilities .Nina Krauss is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois. She says Musical training (53) involves putting togetherdifferent kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking atmusical notes, touching an instrument and watching othermusicians .The (54) process is not much different fromlearning how to speak .Both involve different senses .完形填空——Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills She further explains musical training and learning to (55) speak each make us think about what we are doing .She says speech and music (56) pass through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem .The brain stem (57) controls our ability to hear .Until recently, experts have though the brain stem could not be developed or changed. (58) But Professor Krauss and her team found that musical training can improve a person’s brain stem activity.完形填空——Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills The study involved involved individuals with different levels of musical (59) ability. They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures (60) brain activity. The individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument---the cello(大提琴).Professor Krause says cello have sound qualities similar (61) to some of the sounds that are important with speech .The study found that the more years of training people had, the more (62) sensitive they were to the sound and rhythm of the music. Those who were Involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the (63)improvement of sensory events was the strongest. It shows theimportance of musical training to children with learning (64)disabilities. She says using music to improve listening skills couldmean they (65) hear sentences and understand facialexpressions better .完形填空——Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills51. A. unique B. different C. same D. strange52. A. help B. tell C. remind D .entertain53. A. shapes B. involves C .relates D. enhances54. A. form B. step C. point D. process55. A. play B. sing C. speak D. think56. A. pass B. use C. look D. put57. A. develops B. controls C. assesses D. observes完形填空——Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills58. A. So B. Moreover C. As D. But59. A. instruments B. ability C. types D. contact60. A. physical B. musical C. speech D. brain61. A. as B. of C. to D. at62. A. familiar B. inactive C. critical D. sensitive63. A. reduction B. improvement C. interference D. implication64. A. styles B. disabilities C. interests D. approaches65. A. read B. write C. hear D. change。
职称英语理工类A级考试试题及答案解析(一)一、词汇选择（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
）第1题The staff of the company are always courteous and helpful.A efficientB respectableC well-informedD respectful【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查的是对形容词的认知。
这句话的意思是：这家公司的员工有礼貌且热心。
courteous：有礼貌的，谦恭的，在四个选项中只有respectful和它意义相近。
respect．able和respectful的区别是前者是“可尊敬的”，后者是“恭敬的，有礼貌的”，如：a respectable gentleman一位值得尊敬的先生，a respectful bow充满敬意的鞠躬。
A．efficient：有效率的；B．respectable：值得尊敬地；C．well-informed：有学问的。
第2题The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.A difficultB worriedC anxiousD unhappy【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查的是对形容词的认知。
这句话的意思是：从陌生人那里投来的好奇的目光让她感觉局促不安。
uneasy和easy不是反义词。
uneasy是“局促不安的，忧虑的，担心的”的意思，如：I felt uneasy about asking her for such a big favor．求她帮我这么个大忙，我感到有点不安。
理工完型押题孙老师特别提示：押题不靠谱，即使押中,如不认真准备也不一定能全拿到，每年都有个别专业阅读不出原题，10年有近一半专业及级别没出阅读原题。
今年又十分奇怪，理b，综合ab都没有新增文章，会不会波及其它专业与级别谁也不敢说，勿请大家引起足够重视，加强解题技巧练习，这才是万无一失之路！！！完形填空押题注意事项1. 有可能文章题目改变，而文章不变。
2. 有可能15道题中部分选择完全或部分改变。
3. 有可能押不中，只有全选B或C,还能拿4分。
但有史以来从未出现这种情况。
如何准备押题1.不要用文章题目识别文章。
而用文章第一句。
2.不要记选项中的单词, 而要记住全文。
例：Old And ActiveIt is well—known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries. A recent report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world．A healthy long life is the result of the improvement in social environment.Scientists are trying to work out exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy, and whether there is a lesson to be learnt from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we make any changes to our eating habits, for instance, or gojogging each day before breakfast? Is there some secret ingredient in the Japanese diet that is particularly beneficial to the human body?Another factor contributing to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate．Although longer life should be celebrated, it is actually considered a social problem．The number of older people had doubled in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs．The country could soon be facing an economic problem, if there are so many old people to be looked after and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them．Raising the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem. Work can give the elderly a sense of responsibility and mission in life. It’s important that the elderly play active roles in the society and live in harmony with all generations.2014年（理工）教材没有新增文章完形填空: 理工C级第一篇：Captain Cook Arrow Legend第二篇：Avalanche and Its Safety第三篇：Giant Structures（2013年已考）第四篇：Animal’s “Sixth Sense”第五篇：Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind完形填空: 理工B级*第六篇：Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely*第七篇：An Intelligent Car*第八篇：Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures（2013年已考）*第九篇：Wonder Webs*第十篇：Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness完形填空: 理工A级+第十一篇：Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities+第十二篇：Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk+第十三篇：Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light（2013年已考）+第十四篇：Sharks Perform a Service for Earth’s Waters+第十五篇："Liquefaction" Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage结论：综合abc除去年考过的，全部是重点文章！！！想办法记住！！！打死也要记住！！！孙老师特别提示：全程班的同学如果今年万一没过，请在2014年10月31日前办理免费重读。
2014职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The 2014 Big Test for Smart Grown-UpsHi there! My name is Lily and I'm 8 years old. Today I want to tell you all about the 2014 Big Test for Smart Grown-Ups that my mom took. It's a super important test for people who want to get a fancy job title called a "Professional Title" in science and engineering stuff. Pretty cool, huh?My mom studies really hard because she's super smart and wants to get an "A" grade on the test. She lets me look at her practice books sometimes, and boy is that test tricky! There are reading passages about science topics like energy and inventions that are full of big fancy words. Then there are questions asking what the passages mean and if the details are correct. I tried reading them but a lot of it went over my head!The writing section seems hard too. My mom practiced writing different kinds of letters, reports, and essays using proper language and organization. One time she wrote about scientific research methods like experiments and data analysis. Anothertime it was about green energy solutions. It all looked very professional and grown-up to me!But you know what I did understand? The listening section! The test has recordings of conversations and talks that you have to listen to and answer questions about. My mom played some practice recordings for me and I was pretty good at figuring out what they were saying and the details they mentioned. I guess having kid-sized ears gives me an advantage there!My favorite part was looking at the practice speaking questions. The test has a part where you have to give spoken responses about different topics, like describing a process or speculating about situations. My mom would practice by pretending I was the test scorer. I'd ask her funny questions like "How do rockets work?" or "What would you invent to make chores easier?" Then mom would give these big serious answers using all the right vocabulary and explanations. We'd both end up cracking up!When test day came, my mom put on her nicest suit and headed out first thing in the morning. She said the reading section wasn't too bad, but some of the passages really made her brain hurt. The writing tasks were okay since she practiced a lot, but she ran out of time at the end. For listening, she said therecordings were pretty clear and she felt confident about most of her answers. And for the speaking, mom said she tried to project her voice and organize her thoughts like they taught in prep class. Phew, what a brain workout!A few weeks later, the results finally came out. My mom jumped for joy when she saw she got an "A" grade! She called everyone to celebrate her "Professional Title" accomplishment. I was SO proud of her for acing that big grown-up test.To reward mom, we went out for a special dinner of...chicken nuggets! Hey, even brilliant minds need kid food sometimes. We'll leave the fancy molecular gastronomy to the chefs with professional titles. For now, give me some ketchup with those nuggets!So that's the inside scoop on the 2014 Big Test for Smart Grown-Ups, or as they call it, the Professional Title English Test for Science and Engineering Level A. It sounded incredibly hard, but with lots of practice and determination, my super mom knocked it out of the park! Maybe I'll be taking it myself one day when I'm all grown up. But for now, let me be kid and leave the tough tests to the adults. Thanks for reading!篇2The 2014 Science and Engineering English TestHello everyone! My name is Timmy and I'm going to tell you all about the big English test I had to take this year. It was super hard, but I tried my best!The test started off with a reading comprehension section. We had to read some passages and then answer questions about them. The first passage was about how airplanes fly. It explained about lift and drag and all the awesome physics stuff that keeps planes in the air. Then we had to answer 10 questions like:What forces act on an airplane during flight?Lift and dragWhat provides the lift force?The wings pushing air downwardsWhy is drag a problem for airplanes?It slows them down and makes them use more fuelThe next reading passage was about renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. It talked about the benefits of using clean energies that don't pollute the environment. The questions were stuff like:Name three renewable energy sources.Solar, wind, hydroelectricWhat is an advantage of renewable energy over fossil fuels?It doesn't produce greenhouse gas emissionsAfter the reading, we had to do a listening section where we heard lectures and conversations and answered questions. One was a professor explaining the principles of electric circuits. He used diagrams and everything! The questions asked things like:What is the unit of electric current?AmperesIf two resistors are in parallel, what happens to the total resistance?It decreasesMan, that electricity stuff is complicated! The next listening was a dialogue between two students talking about their engineering internships. They were discussing things like:What type of engineering was the internship for?Mechanical engineeringWhat tasks did the intern have to do?Create CAD models, attend project meetingsThen came the writing section, which was brutal! We had to write a letter to a company applying for an internship position. We had to describe our qualifications, skills, interests and experience. We also had to explain why we were a good fit for the job. Whew, my hand got so tired from all that writing!The last part was speaking, where we had to answer questions from the test graders. They asked me all kinds of things about science, math, technology and my interests. Like:Describe the scientific method.Make an observation, form a hypothesis, test it with an experiment, analyze the dataWhat are you interested in studying in university?Probably computer science or electrical engineeringWhat are some important skills for an engineer?Problem solving, teamwork, communicationOverall, it was a really tough test, but I felt pretty good about how I did. I had studied a ton and tried to prepare as best I could. Hopefully I did well enough to get a high score!Well, that was my experience with the big English test. It covered so many different areas of science and engineering. Reading, listening, writing, speaking - we had to do it all! I'm just glad it's over now and I can relax. Let me know if you have any other questions!篇3The Super Awesome Science Exam!Hi there! My name is Timmy and I'm in 5th grade. Today I had to take a really hard test called the "Professional Title English Exam for Science and Engineering!" It was sooooo long and had lots of big words that I didn't understand. But I'll do my best to tell you about it!The first section was all about reading. There was this really long passage about black holes and how they form in space when a huge star runs out of fuel and collapses in on itself. Its gravity gets so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from it! Crazy stuff. The questions asked things like what the main idea was, what certain words meant, and whether some statements were true or false according to the passage. I had to read it like three times before I kind of got what it was talking about.Then there were more reading passages, but on different science topics like chemical reactions, electromagnetic waves, and the formation of mountains and valleys. So many big words! I'm just a kid, how am I supposed to know all this stuff? The questions were pretty similar though - finding the main ideas, defining vocabulary, and identifying true or false statements.After the reading section, there were some listening comprehension questions. They played audio clips of scientists talking about their research and we had to answer multiple choice questions about the main points they made. One was about using algae to produce biofuels as an alternative to gasoline. Another was about building super tall skyscrapers that can withstand really strong winds. I had a hard time focusing and tuned out a few times during the recordings. Listening while bubbling in answers is tough!The writing section was up next. We had to read a short paragraph about nanotechnology and its potential impacts, and then write a essay stating our own thoughts on the pros and cons of such a powerful technology. I wrote about how nanotechnology could be used to make awesome tiny robots that could go inside people's bodies and fix them from the inside! But I also said it might be dangerous if nanorobots could getprogrammed to hurt people in scary ways. I tried using lots of scientific vocabulary like "innovative" and "revolutionize."Finally, there was a small section on translating sentences back and forth between English and Chinese. This part wasn't too bad since I'm pretty good at both languages. Some of the sentences were about scientific concepts though, so I had to think really hard to make sure I was translating them correctly.Phew! I'm exhausted just thinking about how tough that test was. I really hope I did ok on it, but a lot of it was way over my head to be honest. I'll have to study a lot harder if I want to become a scientist or engineer when I grow up! Let me know if you have any other questions about the exam. Thanks for reading, gotta go play some video games to relax now!篇4My Day at the Science FairHello friends! My name is Timmy and I'm going to tell you all about the super fun Science Fair I went to last weekend. It was the biggest event I've ever been to full of crazy experiments and cool inventions. I learned so many new things!First up, I saw this table with all kinds of liquids in bottles and test tubes. The bottles had fun colors like red, blue, and green. The scientists there were mixing different liquids together and writing stuff down on their clipboards. One time they mixed two clear liquids and it turned bright purple! That was awesome. They said it was a "chemical reaction." I don't know exactly what that means but it looked really neat.Next I went over to the room with all the robots. There were so many! Big ones, little ones, some that could walk and some that just rolled around. My favorite was this little guy that could pick things up with his robot arm. The scientist working on him would give him commands and he would listen just like a real person! They called him an "android." I tried to pet him but the scientist said I shouldn't touch him. Darn!Then I wandered into the physics section. There were ramps and tracks set up all over the place with balls and cars rolling down them. The scientists there were doing "experiments" to learn about motion and gravity and stuff. One experiment had this big metal sphere swinging back and forth on a rope. When it reached the bottom, it would almost hit this wooden block but stop just before crashing into it! That one made me jump everytime. The scientist called it a "pendulum" but I just thought it was crazy.Another cool area had all sorts of circuits and batteries hooked up. By flipping switches and connecting wires, you could light up little bulbs or make fans spin around. I spent a long time there just playing with all the knobs and dials. I tried to take one of the batteries home to power my Game Boy but the scientist stopped me. No fun!The best part was the outdoor area with rockets and plants and animals. One group had planted all these vegetables in different kinds of soil. They were seeing which dirt made the plants grow biggest and strongest. Another group had built these tiny rockets out of plastic bottles and shot them straight up in the air using just air pressure! It was so loud when they launched but awesome to watch them zoom upwards.Around the plants, there were also terrariums with little frogs and lizards hopping around inside. I got to hold one of the frogs - he was so small and slimy! Then I saw this enormous snake behind some glass. When I got close, he rose up and started hissing at me. Totally freaked me out! The scientist there said he was a "python" and could squeeze me to death. No thanks, I'll pass on that!Phew, we did so much at this Science Fair. I hadn't even realized but by the end of the day, I had learned all about chemistry, robotics, physics, engineering, biology, and more! Science is super cool when you get to experience it up close like that. Now I want to grow up to be a scientist too so I can blow things up and play with animals all day. Well, maybe not the snakes...ok, I'm getting tired of writing now. Bye friends!篇5The Big English Test for Smart Grown-UpsDid you know that some grown-ups have to take big tests too? It's true! Just like when you have spelling tests or math quizzes at school, grown-ups who work as scientists, engineers, and other really smart jobs have to take tests to show how good they are at English.One of these tests is called the Professional Title English Test for Science and Engineering. It's a very long name, but you can just call it the "Big English Test" for short. In 2014, a lot of grown-ups had to take this Big English Test. It was super hard, with all kinds of confusing questions about reading, writing, and listening to English.For the reading part, the grown-ups had to read some really long and boring articles. They were all about science and technology stuff that would probably make your head spin! Things like "integrated circuit design" and "thermal radiation models" – whatever those are! The grown-ups had to read through all that complicated nonsense and answer questions about what it meant. Yikes!The writing section was no walk in the park either. The grown-ups had to write a huge essay about some expert topic, using all the right words and grammar. Can you imagine having to write a essay that's pages and pages long, all about something like "the environmental impact of lithium-ion battery production"? No thanks! That sounds like a total snoozefest.But the worst part might have been the listening section. The grown-ups had to listen to some people giving long, boring lectures about scientific concepts and junk. While they listened, they had to take notes and answer questions about what was said. If you ask me, that sounds like torture! Having to sit still and pay attention to some droning lecturer going on and on about "electromagnetic wave propagation" or whatever? I'd rather listen to nails on a chalkboard!Despite how insanely difficult this Big English Test was, I bet there were some grown-ups who actually enjoyed the challenge. Maybe they're just weird like that. But for most normal people, it probably felt like getting a gigantic brain freeze from thinking too hard!When it was all over, I'm sure the grown-ups were completely exhausted. They likely went home, flopped down on the couch, and took a well-deserved nap. Either that, or they went straight for the ice cream to numb the pain in their heads from dealing with all that crazy science English mumbo-jumbo!In the end, some of the grown-ups passed the Big English Test, while others... well, let's just say they might need to study a little harder next time. The ones who passed got extra credits and fancy titles to put on their office doors or whatever. The ones who failed probably had to go take the test again the following year. How awful!So the next time your parents or teachers get all worked up about you having to take a spelling quiz or some other test at school, just remind them: at least you don't have to take the Professional Title English Test for Science and Engineering! Now that's a real nightmare. I'll take a simple multiplication test any day over that linguistic torture chamber!Just be glad you're a kid, and you don't have to worry about all that complicated grown-up nonsense. Not yet, anyway. For now, you can just kick back, relax, and be happy that the biggest test you have to take is probably the Scholastic Book Fair's "Who Can Read The Most Books This Summer?" contest. Now that's a competition I can get behind!篇6My Big English Test for Science and MathHi! My name is Timmy and I'm in 5th grade. A few weeks ago, I had to take a really big English test all about science and math stuff. It was for grown-ups who want to get a special title at their jobs, but I got to take it too since I'm super smart. Let me tell you all about it!The test was super long with lots of different sections. The first part had us read some passages and answer questions about them. Here's one of the reading passages:Climate Change and Global WarmingThe Earth's climate has gone through many natural changes over millions of years due to factors like variations in the Earth's orbit and volcanic activity releasing greenhouse gases. However,most scientists agree that the current period of climate change and global warming is being significantly accelerated by human activities that release additional greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.One of the main greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide (CO2). Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, humans have been burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas for energy, releasing large amounts of CO2 into the air. Deforestation has also reduced the number of trees that can absorb CO2. The increased levels of CO2 and other greenhouse gases trap more of the sun's heat in the Earth's atmosphere, causing global temperatures to rise.Some of the major impacts of global warming include rising sea levels, shrinking glaciers, changes in weather patterns, loss of biodiversity, and more extreme weather events like hurricanes, droughts and heat waves. Though climate change is a complex issue, most experts recommend reducing fossil fuel use and increasing energy efficiency to lower greenhouse gas emissions.After reading this, we had to answer some comprehension questions like:According to the passage, what are two main causes of climate change?A) Burning fossil fuels and deforestationB) Volcanic eruptions and cow fartsC) The Earth's orbit and sun spotsD) Acid rain and the ozone holeThe right answer is A - burning fossil fuels and deforestation are listed as two major human-caused sources of greenhouse gas emissions driving climate change.What is one impact of global warming mentioned in the passage?A) The common cold will be curedB) Rising sea levelsC) Cats and dogs living togetherD) Sprinklers will no longer be neededHere the correct answer is B - rising sea levels is listed as one of the impacts of global warming.Then there was a section testing our vocabulary, like deciding if given words had a positive, negative, or neutral meaning. That part was pretty easy for a genius like me.The hardest section was the writing part where we had to write a few different passages using scientific and technical terms. One question asked us to describe the process of aluminum smelting using words like oxides, electrolysis, molten, anodes, and cathodes. Here's what I wrote:The primary method of producing aluminum metal is through the smelting process. First, a dry aluminum oxide powder called alumina is dissolved in a molten salt bath kept at extremely high temperatures around 950°C. An powerful electric current is then passed through the molten solution, which causes electrolysis to occur.At the carbon anodes, oxygen is released from the alumina's oxide ions and vents away as gas. Meanwhile the free aluminum ions deposit at the cathodes, forming molten aluminum metal that collects at the bottom and can be siphoned off and cast into various shapes.I definitely got an A+ on that one! The graders probably thought they accidentally let a scientist into the exam room.There was also a big math section testing everything from algebra and geometry to statistics and calculus. One of the questions gave us some measurements and asked us to calculatethe volume of an object using the formula for the volume of a cylinder: V = πr^2hThe measurements were:Radius (r) = 12 cmHeight (h) = 28 cmSo we plug those values into the formula:V = π(12 cm)^2 (28 cm)= π(144 cm^2)(28 cm)= 12,672π cm^3Then we put that into our calculator and get the volume is about 39,788 cubic cm! The graders were probably very impressed with my math skills.Overall, it was a pretty tough test, but I'm pretty sure I aced it.I can't wait to get the results back so I can add "Professional Science Communicator" to my resume, right next to my certifications as a Jumpoline Tester and Key Lime Pie Eating Champion. Take that, all you grown-ups! This 5th grader is coming for your jobs!。
2014理工A阅读理解、完型填空、新增文章复习资料目录阅读理解+第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses+第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work （2013理工B真题）+第三十六篇Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning+第三十七篇"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning+第三十八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan（2012真题）+第三十九篇Clone Farm+第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety（2012新增文章）+ 第四十一篇Too Little for Global Warming+ 第四十二篇Renewable Energy Sources+ 第四十三篇Forecasting Methods（2013理工A真题）+ 第四十四篇Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed+ 第四十五篇Small But Wise （2012年真题）+ 第四十六篇Ants have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"（2012新增文章）+ 第四十七篇Listening to Birdsong+ 第四十八篇Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright （2013教材新增）+ 第四十九篇U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars+ 第五十篇Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities完型填空：+第十五篇（2012新增）"Liquefaction" Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage+第十二篇（2012新增）Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk*第十篇（2012新增）Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness+第十四篇Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters2014年教材新增文章第二部分阅读判断*第八篇What Is a Dream?*第十篇The Biology of Music+第十一篇Bill Gates: Unleashing Your Creativity+第十四篇Stage Fright第四部分阅读理解*第二十九篇I‘ll Be Bach第五部分补全短文第四篇The Bilingual Brain*第十篇How Deafness Makes It Easier to Hear+第十五篇 A Memory Drug?理工A复习说明：2014 阅读理解带加号，重点要求17篇，第34-50篇，较2013年增加了7篇文章（这7篇原来是2013理工B的文章）这里注意下，第35篇Putting Plants to Work（非2013新增文章）是2013年理工B的真题，2014年应该不会考到。
2014职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: 2014 Professional English Level A Exam for Science and Engineering Majors: Questions and AnswersIntroduction:The Professional English Level A exam is an essential assessment for science and engineering professionals to demonstrate their English language proficiency. In 2014, the exam consisted of a variety of challenging questions designed to test the candidates' comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar skills. In this document, we will present a selection of questions from the 2014 exam along with the correct answers.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionQuestion 1: Read the following passage and answer the questions below.The passage discusses the importance of renewable energy sources in combating climate change. It highlights the benefitsof solar and wind power in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels.Question 2: Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a) Renewable energy sources are not effective in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.b) Solar and wind power are examples of renewable energy sources.c) Fossil fuels are the best option for addressing climate change.d) Greenhouse gas emissions have no impact on the environment.Correct answer: b) Solar and wind power are examples of renewable energy sources.Section 2: VocabularyQuestion 1: Choose the synonym for the word "efficient."a) wastefulb) effectivec) unreliabled) lazyCorrect answer: b) effectiveQuestion 2: What is the opposite of the word "expand"?a) decreaseb) growc) developd) extendCorrect answer: a) decreaseSection 3: GrammarQuestion 1: Identify the error(s) in the following sentence:"The team are working together to complete the project on time."Correct answer: The error is in subject-verb agreement. The correct sentence should be: "The team is working together to complete the project on time."Question 2: Choose the correct tense for the following sentence:She ________(study) abroad last year.a) have studiedb) studiedc) studiesd) will studyCorrect answer: b) studiedConclusion:The 2014 Professional English Level A exam for science and engineering majors featured a range of challenging questions that tested candidates' reading comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar skills. By practicing with sample questions like the ones provided in this document, candidates can improve their English language proficiency and increase their chances of success on the exam. Good luck!篇22014职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:The United States fund market represents more than one quarter of the world total fund assets. The US interested in new varieties of shares or government bonds that enable investors to share in profits or in investments. Different investment methods have different risks and profits. Those who invest in shares may get a high profit, but on the other hand the risks are also very high. This means that some investors can lose great amounts if the shares go down in value.In the United States the government also supports investors by giving tax credits. The payments on fund interest up to a certain amount are not taxed. It's necessary to use a securities broker to buy and sell shares. The broker works for a security company or a bank. Some people buy shares directly from the company that sells them. This is called a private purchase.1. What idea does passage 1 mainly convey?A. The United States fund market is the world's biggest.B. The purchasing and selling of shares are guaranteed by the US government.C. The United States fund market has high profits and shares assure not taxed profits.D. Shares and bonds are not the only categories in fund investments.2. The US government supports investors by giving tax credits in the form ofA. shares.B. funds.C. profits.D. interests.3. People who buy shares directly from the company are makingA. a private purchase.B. an interested decision.C. an essential risk.D. a financial achievement.4. What is the main disadvantage of investing in shares in the United States?A. The need to invest huge amounts.B. The risks may prevent high profits.C. The share interests are already taxed.D. The securities brokers charge high prices.5. According to the passage, returns on investing in shares includeA. higher profits.B. tax deductions.C. broker discounts.D. government securities.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)Directions: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.6. Her main interests are in personal computers and ______.A. softwareB. instead ofC. largeD. stations7. The institute advertised in the newspaper for a _______.A. working womanB. workmanC. clerk for workD. woman worker8. He arrived at the airport ______ then the plane left.A. untilB. everC. hardD. hardly9. I joined a club to share my _______ with other people.A. interestB. viewC. experiencingD. scene10. The professor is buried in his _______.A. language breakdownB. code wordsC. law booksD. elementary coursePart III Cloze (20%)Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Mankind knew that the earth was round. The fact that the world is round has been _______11_________ since the time of ancient Greece. China was _____12_____ of the last countries to realize this fact. A Chinese navigator _______13______ his crew sailed to the Western Regions in the ______14______ and discovered the world was indeed round and not _____15_____ as had been previously thought.During the European Renaissance, rediscovery of this fact was made by a European ______16______. He advanced his hypothesis ______17______ examining the rising and setting of thesun. His sharp observation was based on scientific study, on historical records and _____18_____ that the world was a sphere. He ______19______ arranged a voyage around the world. He traveled _____20______ the sea from Western Europe, passed through the Strait of Magellan, and finally arrived in the Pacific Ocean. This journey _____21______ the fact that the world is round. In this way an old belief was corrected and a misconception cleared up.Who was this world renowned navigator? You've guessed correctly, it was none other than ChristopherColumbus____22____ put this viewpoint into practice.11. A. consideredB. thoughtC. knownD. decided12. A. singleB. oneC. firstD. only13. A. allB. combineC. along withD. or14. A. seaB. skyC. windD. ocean15. A. flatB. aroundC. straightD. lane16. A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that17. A. byB. throughC. forD. with18. A. a true discoveryB. by convictionC. factD. informed19. A. eagerlyB. hurriedlyC. sharplyD. thinked20. A. onB. overC. acrossD. through21. A. clarifiedB. understoodC. spelledD. proved22. A. whoB. thereforeC. butD. wasPart IV Translation (10%)Directions: Translate the following passage into English.百度成立于2000年，是全球最大的中文搜索引擎。
职称英语理工类A级考试试题及答案解析(二)一、词汇选择（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
）第1题In order to improve our standard of living, we have to accelerate production.A involveB decreaseC speed upD give up【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查的是对动词的认知能力。
本句意思：为了提高我们的生活水平，我们得加快生产。
A．involve：包含、涉及；B．decrease：减少、降低，例如：There has been a steady decrease in population in this city．这个城市的人口在持续下降。
C．speed up：加速，与accelerate的意思相同，例如：Let's speed up．我们赶快些吧。
D．give up：放弃，例如：They gave up without a fight．他们不战而降。
第2题A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A boiledB pollutedC mixedD sweetened【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[解析] 本题考查的是对形容词的认知能力。
本句意思：许多人喝脏水后都会生病。
A．boiled：煮沸的，例如：The milk had boiled over．牛奶已沸腾得溢出来。
B．polluted：被污染的．与contaminated：被污染的、弄脏的意思相近；C．mixed：混合的，弄糊涂的，例如：He had some mixed pickles and rice for supper．他晚饭吃了一些什锦泡菜和米饭。
理工A阅读押题机会只给有准备的人。
Opportunities are only for the prepared person.理工阅读押题共2篇文章第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses第四十八篇Researchers Discover Why Humans BeganWalking Upright研究人员发现人类开始直立行走的原因Most of us walk and carry items in our hands every day. These are seemingly simple activities that the majority of us don't question.But an international team of researchers, including Dr. Richmond from GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, have discovered that human walking upright , may have originated millions of years ago as an adaptation源于to carrying 搬运scarce稀有的, high-quality高质量的resources资源. The team of researchers from the U. S., England, Japan and Portugal investigated the behavior of modern-day chimpanzees as they competed for food resources, in an effort to understand what ecological settings would lead a large ape - one that resembles the 6 million-year old ancestor we shared in common with living chimpanzees - to walk on two legs.我们大多数人每天都走路而且手里搬着东西。
这样的活动看似太简单，大多数人没有疑问。
但是一个国际研究者（包括乔治o华盛顿大学哥伦比亚艺术与科学学院的Richmond博士）团队已经发现了人类直立行走可能源于数百万年以前适应搬运稀有的、高质量的资源。
这些来自美国、英国、日本和葡萄牙的研究者研究了当代黑猩猩争抢食物时的行为特征，试图对什么样的生态环境竟然导致大猿（一种我们与现存的黑猩猩一样的600万年前的祖先）直立行走作出解释。
"These chimpanzees provide a model of the ecological conditions underwhich our earliest ancestors might have begun walking on two legs, "said Dr. Richmond."这些黑猩猩居住的生态环境和我们最早的祖先开始直立行走时是相同的，" Richmond博士说。
The research findings suggest that chimpanzees switch to moving on two limbs instead of four in situations where they need to monopolize a resource. Standing on two legs allows them to carry much more at one time because it frees up their hands. Over time, intense bursts of bipedal activity may have led to anatomical changes that in turn became the subject of natural selection where competition for food or other resources was strong.研究结果显示，当黑猩猩需要独占一种资源时，它们就从四肢行走转换为直立行走。
由于直立行走可以解放它们的双手，这使得它们能搬更多的东西。
久而久之，双足活动的强烈爆发可能导致了解剖学上的变化，因此这种变化也就成为自然选择的主题，在那种情况下，对食物或其他资源的争夺是十分激烈的。
Two studies were conducted by the team in Guinea. The first study was conducted by the team in Kyoto University's "outdoor laboratory" in a natural clearing in Bossou Forest. Researchers allowed the wild chimpanzees access to different combinations of two different types of nut—the oil palm nut, which is naturally widely available, and the coula nut, which is not. The chimpanzees" behavior was monitored in three situations: (a) when only oil palm nuts were available, (b) when a small number of copula nuts were available, and (c) when coula nuts were the majority available resource.有两项研究是在几内亚完成的。
第一项研究是在京都大学博苏森林的一块天然空地--"室外实验室"进行的。
研究者们允许森林里的黑猩猩能得到两种不同的坚果，一种叫油棕榈坚果，自然界随处可见，一种叫可乐果，自然环境中不常见。
人们监控黑猩猩在下列三种情形下的行为：(a)只有油棕榈坚果；（b)只有少量的可乐果，大多数是油棕榈坚果;(c)大多数是可乐果，少数是油棕榈坚果。
When the rare coula nuts were available only in small numbers, the chimpanzees transported more at one time. Similarly, when coula nuts were the majority resource, the chimpanzees ignored the oil palm nuts altogether. The chimpanzees regarded the coula nuts as a more highly-prizedresource and competed for them more intensely.当稀有的可乐果数量很少时，黑猩猩一次就会拿得多。
同样，当大部分是可乐果时，黑猩猩对油棕榈坚果根本视而不见。
黑猩猩认为可乐果才是珍贵的资源，并为得到可乐果激烈竞争。
In such high-competition settings, the frequency of cases in which the chimpanzees started moving on two legs increased by a factor of four. Not only was it obvious that bipedal movement allowed them to carry more of this precious resource ,but also that they were actively trying to move as much as they could in one go by using everything available - even their mouths.处于这种激烈竞争的环境中，黑猩猩直立行走的频率增加了四倍。
很显然，双足行走可以使它们拿走更多的稀有资源，而且，为了尽可能地一口气多拿，它们积极利用可用到的任何方法，甚至嘴巴。
The second study, by Kimberley Hockings of Oxford Brookes University", was a 14-month study of Bossou chimpanzees crop-raiding, a situation in which they have to compete for rate and unpredictable resources. Here, 35 percent of the chimpanzees' activity involved some sort of bipedal movement, and once again, this behavior appeared to be linked to a clear attempt to carry as much as possible at one time.第二项研究是在牛津布鲁克斯大学的Kimberley Hockings进行的。
该研究历时14个月，主题是博苏的黑猩猩抢劫粮食，场景是它们不得不为稀有和不可预知的资源竞争。
在这项研究中，黑猩猩35%的活动是直立行走。
而这一次研究再一次证实了黑猩猩的直立行走与它们试图一次搬走尽可能多的东西有关。
练习：1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the first twoparagraphs?根据前可段，下例那一个不对！A Many people question the simple human activities ofwalking and carrying items.B Chimpanzee's behaviors may suggest why humans walk on two legs.。
