十年高考真题分类汇编(2010-2019) 英语 专题01 冠词 解析版

十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题02 名词(2010﹒安徽﹒T 24) I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______A. hearingB. strengthC. recognitionD. measure (2010﹒江西﹒T 35)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.A averageB numberC amountD quantity (2010﹒山东﹒T 33)Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.A. reliefB. safetyC. defenseD. shelter (2010﹒天津﹒T 3)James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position (2010﹒江苏﹒T 22)The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.A. expectationB. reputationC. contributionD. civilization (2010﹒湖北﹒T 21)This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A. divisionB. areaC. rangeD. circle(2010﹒湖北﹒T22)After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture. (2010﹒浙江﹒T16)The school advisers help you talk through your problem but they don’t give you any direct ______.A. solutionB. targetC. measureD. function(2011﹒江苏﹒T27)Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _____.A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence (2011﹒福建﹒T26)The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.A.resultB.causeC.warningD.reflection(2011﹒浙江﹒T18)Anyway, I can’t cheat him—it’s against all my ____.A. emotionsB. principlesC. regulationsD. opinions(2011﹒四川﹒T13)Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s.A.touchB.sightC.reachD.distance(2011﹒湖北﹒T21) “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with______ clearly in her voice.A . anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic (2011﹒湖北﹒T22)Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.A. projectB. commitmentC. competitionD. ambition (2011﹒湖北﹒T30)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _________ younger men.A. in terms ofB. in need ofC. in favor ofD. in praise of(2011﹒江西﹒T13)What’s the_____, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?A.sympathyB.themeC.objectD.point(2011﹒山东﹒T34)There’s a _____ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. traditionB. balanceC. concernD. relationship(2011﹒江苏﹒T32)We’d bet ter discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan.A．in detail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time (2012﹒浙江﹒T7)Your as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A. operationB. growthC. performanceD. character(2012﹒湖北﹒T29)It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.A. symptomB. similarityC. sampleD. shadow(2012﹒湖北﹒T30)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.A. patternB. procedureC. programD. perspective (2012﹒江苏﹒T21)— Can I help you with it?— I appreciate your , but I can manage it myself.A. adviceB. questionC. offerD. idea(2012﹒江西﹒T29)You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory(2012﹒四川﹒T15)He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.A. luckB. valueC. timeD. fact (2012﹒全国卷II﹒T19)The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ______ in this city.A. quantityB. progressC. productionD. demand(2012﹒天津﹒T3)You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation.A. promiseB. leadC. balanceD. diary(2013﹒湖北﹒T21)Poetry written from the ______ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspectiveB. priorityC. participationD. privilege(2013﹒湖北﹒T22)Carbon dioxide, which makes a ______ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.A. differenceB. comparisonC. connectionD. barrier(2013﹒湖北﹒T30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ______ a long lost antique Greek vaseA. at randomB. by chanceC. in turnD. on occasion(2013﹒江苏﹒T33)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better.A. shareB. chanceC. turnD. lead[(2013﹒江西﹒T22)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ______.A.curiosityB. satisfactionC. envyD. patience(2013﹒辽宁﹒T23)The accident caused some______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage(2013﹒天津﹒T7)While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for fine art. A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit(2013﹒浙江﹒T4)As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern.A. worthB. supplyC. packageD. list(2014﹒安徽﹒T29)—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?—That's a good________．A．saying B．question C．suggestion D．account(2014﹒福建﹒T26)—Could you tell me the________ of making such tasty cakes? —Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.A．feature B．plan C．cost D．trick(2014﹒江苏﹒T27)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year's election.A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statue(2014﹒天津﹒T3)Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power.A. sourceB. senseC. resultD. root(2014﹒浙江﹒T6)We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.A．attempts B．requests C．doubts D．promises(2015﹒湖北﹒T21) When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place(2015﹒湖北﹒T22)He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure(2015﹒安徽﹒T30)There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority(2015﹒江苏·T35)—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.—I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______ .A. requestsB. excusesC. apologiesD. regrets (2015﹒江苏﹒T32)Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A. judgmentsB. adjustmentsC. commentsD. achievements (2015﹒福建﹒T24)The failure was a big _________to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A. blowB. issueC. excuseD. Factor (2015﹒浙江﹒T25)One of the most effective ways to reduce is to talk about feeling with someone you trust.A. productionB. stressC. energyD. passive(2016﹒江苏﹒T24) _______ —Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt (2016﹒天津﹒T2)The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.A. out of controlB. out of dateC. out of sightD. out of reach (2016﹒天津﹒T10)The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.A. effectB. senseC. changeD. chance(2016﹒浙江﹒T4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.A. conditionB. incomeC. creditD. status (2016﹒浙江﹒T8) We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.A. divideB. rejectC. controlD. abandon(2018﹒天津﹒T6)The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation(2018﹒江苏﹒T32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.A. assignmentB. associationC. acquisitionD. assumption(2019﹒天津﹒T7)We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n)___________on our lives in many ways.A. statementB. impactC. impressionD. judgment十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题02 名词(2010﹒安徽﹒T 24) I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______A. hearingB. strengthC. recognitionD. measure【答案】C【解析】hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”；recognition意为“认出；识别；认识”；measure意为“测量；措施”。

十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题02 名词(2010﹒安徽﹒T 24) I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______A. hearingB. strengthC. recognitionD. measure【答案】C【解析】hearing意为“听力”；strength意为“力气；力量”；recognition意为“认出；识别；认识”；measure意为“测量；措施”。

句意为“……她变得认不出来了。

”(2010﹒江西﹒T 35)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.A averageB numberC amountD quantity【答案】A【解析】a number of 许多amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加的意思。

(2010﹒山东﹒T 33)Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.A. reliefB. safetyC. defenseD. shelter【答案】A【解析】句意应为“那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。

”所以A项意义符合句意, relief 表示“缓解, 减轻, 解除”。

safety表示“安全, 保险”；defense 表示“防御, 防护”；shelter表示“掩蔽, 保护”。

(2010﹒天津﹒T 3)James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position【答案】A【解析】句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了, 目的是为电视腾出空间。

十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题01 冠词(2010﹒福建﹒T21)It’s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.A. 不填, aB. a, 不填C. the, aD. a, the(2010﹒山东﹒T 22)If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.A. 不填；theB. 不填；aC. the; aD. the；the(2010﹒江苏﹒T 21)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.A.不填；aB. 不填；theC. the；aD. the；the(2010﹒辽宁﹒T 22)There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.A. the; theB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the (2010﹒北京﹒T 35)First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get_____ second chance to make _____ first impression.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the; a(2010﹒重庆﹒T 27)Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, aB. the, /C. the, aD. a, /(2010﹒浙江﹒T 2)Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up weakening of the human body.A. a; /B. /; theC. a; theD. /; /(2010﹒四川﹒T 2)In most countries, a university degree can give youflying start in life.A. the; aB. the; 不填C.不填; 不填D.不填; a(2020﹒全国卷I﹒T 33) It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A.a; aB.a; theC.the; theD.a; 不填(2020﹒全国卷II﹒T 20) As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the;不填B. a; theC.不填aD. the; a(2020﹒山东﹒T 21) Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from hereto_____restaurant.A.不填；theB. a; theC. the; aD.不填；a (2020﹒浙江﹒T 2)Experts think that __________recently discovered painting may be ________ Picsso.A.the ;不填B. a ;theC. a ; 不填D. the; a(2020﹒四川﹒T 18)Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”A. 不填；AB.不填；TheC.the; TheD.a; A(2020﹒重庆﹒T 26)In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.A. the, /B. a, anC. a, /D. the, an(2020﹒陕西﹒T 20)As is known to all, People’s Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world.A. the ;不填B. 不填；theC. the ；theD. 不填；不填(2020﹒江西﹒T 22)——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.——Right, he will also get paid by _____ week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD.a; a(2012﹒全国卷II﹒T 7)He missed _____gold in the high jump, but will get_____second chance in the long jump.A. the, theB. /, aC. the, aD. a, /(2012﹒江西﹒T 21)The Smiths don’t usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a(2012﹒浙江﹒T 2)The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. 不填, theB. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a(2012﹒安徽﹒T 22)Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A. / ；aB. / ；theC. the ; aD. the ; the(2012﹒重庆﹒T 24)Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.A. /,/B. the,/ C the the D./, the(2012﹒辽宁﹒T 21)I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone.A. the; theB. the; anC. a; theD. a; an (2012﹒全国新课程﹒T 22) Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填；aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a(2012﹒全国新课程﹒T 29) Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; 不填D. 不填；a(2020﹒福建﹒T 21) The “Chinese Dream”is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. the; the (2020﹒江西﹒T32) Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.A. a ; /B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; / (2020﹒山东﹒T 22) It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.A. 不填；aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填(2020﹒陕西﹒T 19) Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in I thirteenth century.A. the; aB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the(2020﹒新课标II﹒T 20) Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.A. a; aB. the; theC.不填；theD. a;不填(2020﹒新课标I﹒T 31) India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.A.不填;aB. the; aC. an;不填D. an; the (2020﹒浙江﹒T 15) People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.A. a; anB. a; 不填C. 不填; theD. the; an (2020﹒重庆﹒T32) The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.A. a;/B. the; /C. the; anD. a; an (2020﹒江西﹒T 22) They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team, because they knew he was ________ smart leader.A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a(2020﹒陕西﹒T 19) ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.A. The; aB. A; theC. The; theD. A; a(2020﹒天津﹒T 8) Life is like ________ ocean: only ________ strong­willed can reach the other shore.A. an; theB. the; aC. the ；/D. / ; a(2020﹒浙江﹒T 2) The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days________ week，often long into ________ night.A．a; the B．the; 不填C．a; a D．不填; the (2020﹒重庆﹒T 6) I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.A. the; aB. a; /C. a; theD. the; /(20﹒陕西﹒T27) more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.A. The ; theB. A; aC. The ; aD. A; the(20﹒四川﹒T5).Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.A. aB. anC. theD.不填(20﹒浙江﹒T2) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.A. a;不填B. the;theC. 不填;theD. a;the(20﹒重庆﹒T3) I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.A.the; /B. a; /C. the; aD. a; the(2020﹒浙江﹒T2)______prize for the winner of the competition is ______two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填B. A ; 不填C. A ; theD. The ; a(2019﹒浙江﹒T57)Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.(2019﹒新课标I卷﹒T69)Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.。

冠词(一)冠词的分类：冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。

（二）不定冠词的用法：1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一"There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。

2. 表示一类人或事物A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。

※定冠词the+形容词（也代表一类人）The poor are still poor.3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思A Mr Smith wants to see you. 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。

He wants to be a Max in the future.他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。

4. 表示"同一"；"每一"的意思They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。

We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。

5. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.6.用在某些表示数量的词组中：a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多7.用于习惯用语中all of a sudden 突然in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果have a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得高兴（三）定冠词用法：1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。

十年高考英语真题分类汇总：形容词与副词(2019﹒江苏﹒T26)Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension 【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。

A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension 退休金，抚恤金。

故选A。

(2019﹒江苏﹒T28)Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ___________ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight 【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。

句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。

A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。

故选C。

(2019﹒新课标III卷﹒T61)On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。

句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。

“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。

【8份】2010-2019十年高考真题分类汇编英语专题目录专题21 社会生活、说理议论类阅读理解 (1)专题22 科普类说明文阅读理解 (243)专题23 阅读七选五 (411)专题24 短文改错 (450)专题25 语法填空 (501)专题26 文字提纲式书面表达 (527)专题27 图画式书面表达 (590)专题28 开放式书面表达 (616)十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题21 社会生活、说理议论类阅读理解(2010﹒安徽﹒阅读理解E)The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the word’s supply of water.With 97% of the word’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture,the wordwide supply of water needs carefull management，especially in agriculture .Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺) seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country,many of the word’s agriculture industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agriculture use in dry areas and dry seasons,the costs of water redistribution(重新分配) are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself,but there is also an envitonmental cost to be considered.Where valleys(山谷) are flooded to create dams,houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed.Besides,water may flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other.Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to suply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependenton irrigation(灌溉).In Texas,farmers’ overuse of irrigati on water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Vally area of southwestern USA,a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys,but much of the water use has been poorly managed.73.Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reseWhich of the folloeing is true?A.The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75％.B.Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.C.The underground watet in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.D.Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.VVV.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A.Steps to improving water use management.B.Ways to reduce the cost of building dams.C.Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.D.Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.WWW.The text is mainly about________.A.water supply and increasing populationB.warer use management and agricultureC.water redistribution and wildlife protectionD.water shotages and environmental protectionrves can only decrease,and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.72. From the first two paragraphs we learn that .A. much of the word’s water is available for useB. people in high rainfall countries feel luckyC. the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD. water can be easily carried through pipes across rhe world(2010﹒四川﹒阅读理解B)Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city’s poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.Fox Point is operated by Palladia, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers.ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.Michael. Bloomberg, New York's mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housingunits for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing.. So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards.Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.45. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph?A. To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.46. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?A. Lower running costs.B. Costing less in construction.C. Less air to be lost in hot days.D. Better prices for homeless people.47. It can be learned from the text that,A. New York City is seriously pollutedB. people’s daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York CityC. a great number of people in New York City don't have houses to live inD. some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City48. What is the main purpose of this text?A. To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.B. To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.C. To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.D. To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.本篇文章为说明文。

专题一冠词、名词和主谓一致1.【2015·湖北】21.When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ___ and had a bad fall.A. balance B .chance C .memory D .place【答案】A【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析名词词义的能力。

四个选项都可以跟前面的动词lose搭配。

考生应抓住题干中关键信息“had a bad fall（重重地摔了一跤）”，不禁会产生疑问：怎么会摔了一跤呢？然后根据搭配l ose one’s balance“失去平衡”锁定正确答案。

2.【2015·湖北】22.He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task.A. emotionB. talentC. identityD. treasure【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。

A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。

故选C项。

【考点定位】名词词义辨析【名师点睛】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）”和“ gave himself a new name（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity （掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。

3.【2015·安徽】30.There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ______ and then let me know.A. thoughtB. supportC. protectionD. authority【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。

十年高考英语真题分类汇总：冠词(2019﹒浙江﹒T57)Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。

句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。

same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。

故填the。

(2019﹒新课标I卷﹒T69)Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the【解析】考查定冠词。

此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。

(2016﹒浙江﹒T2)______prize for the winner of the competition is______two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填B. A ; 不填C. A ; theD. The ; a【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个巴黎的两个星期的假期。

第一空填the，是特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词，第二空是泛指“一个两周的假期”，用不定冠词a。

故选A。

考点：考查冠词。

(2015﹒陕西﹒T27) more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.A. The ; theB. A; aC. The ; aD. A; the【答案】A【解析】句意：一个人越有学识，他就越可能谦虚，使用the＋比较级＋主谓的句型，所以选A。

(2015﹒四川﹒T5).Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.A. aB. anC. theD.不填【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查冠词。

短文改错一、考法（10个三动名形副，一代介冠连）多：介词、冠词、代词、个别副词少：介词、冠词、代词、连词、be、not错：二、考点分布名词1/动词4/形容词或者副词1/介词1/冠词1/连词1/代词1三、高频考点1. 名词（n.）1.1 数All the football player on the playground cheered loudly. (2019全国1卷)7. 考查名词的数。

“player（运动员）”为可数名词，所以all（所有的）后需要用player的复数形式。

故将player改为players。

Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. (2018全国1卷)5．chicken改成chickens．考查名词的数．chicken作为"鸡"讲是可数名词．所以用复数形式．The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turn left!”(2017全国1卷)5．word改为words 考查名词复数．word的基本意思是"单词"，指语言中能独立存在的最小表意单位，也可指"（说的）话，话语，言语，谈话"等，是可数名词，此时要用复数形式．The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. (2015全国1卷)7．airs→air 考查名词的数．air为物质名词，"空气"是不可数名词，不能用复数形式．Since then --- for all these year --- we have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed. (2014全国1卷)3. year改为years. 前面限定词"these"提示表达的意思为"这些年"故year用复数形式years；He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard. (2013全国1卷)4．shoulder改为shoulders．shoulder此处指的是双肩，要用复数．From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. (2012全国1卷)2．toy改为toys 考查名词的单复数形式．根据each of 可知，应该是我的玩具中的每一个，故用复数形式toys．One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of the lunches we brought from our homes. (2011全国1卷)76．memory改为memories．考查名词单复数．one of后接可数名词复数形式．He agreed to read my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. (2010全国1卷)85．advices→advice advice是不可数名词，所以要改为adviceI’d like to stay there for half a month, visiting place of interest. (2008全国1卷)80. place →places. places of interest风景名胜属于固定结构，place要用复数形式。

十年（2010-2019）英语高考真题分类汇编语法填空(2014﹒全国卷I)Are you facing a situation that looking impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be)imaginable that it could be ever be cleaned up. The rive was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now year late, this rive is one of63most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But river wasn’t changed in a few days 64even a few months. It took years of work 65(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately.While there are 68(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70(patience)(2014﹒全国卷Ⅱ)One morning , I was waiting at the bus stop , worried about 61(be ) late for school ..There were many people waiting at the bus stop , 62some of them looked very anxious and 63(disappoint) .When the bus finally came , we all hurried on board .I got a place next 64 the window , so I had a good view of the sidewalk .A boy on a bike 65(catch)my attention .he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms . I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver , but he refused 66(stop ) until we reached the next stop .Still , the boy kept 67(ride) . He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting .Finally , when we came to the next stop , the boy ran up to the door of the bus . I heard an excited conversation .Then the driver stoop up and asked, “ 68 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ?” A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69（I）”. She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy .Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done .And the passengers 70（sudden）became friendly to one another .(2015﹒全国卷I)Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just be fore dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it ( regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015﹒全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobedwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2016﹒全国新课标I) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题01 冠词(2010﹒福建﹒T21)It’s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.A. 不填, aB. a, 不填C. the, aD. a, the(2010﹒山东﹒T 22)If we sit near _______ front of the b us, we’ll have _______ better view.A. 不填；theB. 不填；aC. the; aD. the；the(2010﹒江苏﹒T 21)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.A.不填；aB. 不填；theC. the；aD. the；the(2010﹒辽宁﹒T 22)There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.A. the; theB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the (2010﹒北京﹒T 35)First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _____ second chance to make _____ first impression.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the; a(2010﹒重庆﹒T 27)Everything comes with price; there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.A. a, aB. the, /C. the, aD. a, /(2010﹒浙江﹒T 2)Many lifestyle patterns do such great harm to health that they actually speed up weakening of the human body.A. a; /B. /; theC. a; theD. /; /(2010﹒四川﹒T 2)In most countries, a university degree can give you flying start in life.A. the; aB. the; 不填C.不填; 不填D.不填; a(2011﹒全国卷I﹒T 33) It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A.a; aB.a; theC.t he; theD.a; 不填(2011﹒全国卷II﹒T 16) As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the;不填B. a; theC.不填aD. the; a(2011﹒山东﹒T 21) Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.A.不填；theB. a; theC. the; aD.不填；a (2011﹒浙江﹒T 2)Experts think that __________recently discovered painting may be ________ Picsso.A.the ;不填B. a ;theC. a ; 不填D. the; a(2011﹒四川﹒T 18)Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, “fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”A. 不填；AB.不填；TheC.the; TheD.a; A(2011﹒重庆﹒T 26)In communication, a smile is usually __________ strong sign of a friend ly and _______ open attitude.A. the, /B. a, anC. a, /D. the, an(2011﹒陕西﹒T 13)As is known to all, People’s Republic of China is biggest developing country in the world.A. the ;不填B. 不填；theC. the ；theD. 不填；不填(2011﹒江西﹒T 22)——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.—— Right, he will also get paid by _____ week.A. the; theB. a; theC. the; aD.a; a(2012﹒全国卷II﹒T 7)He missed _____gold in the high jump, but will get _____second chance in the long jump.A. the, theB. /, aC. the, aD. a, /(2012﹒江西﹒T 21)The Smiths don’t usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.A．/; a B．the; the C．/; the D．the; a(2012﹒浙江﹒T 2)The develop ment of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A. 不填, theB. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a(2012﹒安徽﹒T 22)Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A./ ；aB. / ；theC. the ; aD. the ; the(2012﹒重庆﹒T 24)Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.A. /,/B. the,/ C the the D./, the(2012﹒辽宁﹒T 21)I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone.A. the; theB. the; anC. a; theD. a; an (2012﹒全国新课程﹒T 22) Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填；aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a(2012﹒全国新课程﹒T 29) Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; 不填D. 不填；a (2013﹒福建﹒T 21) The “Chinese Dream” is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. the; the (2013﹒江西﹒T32) Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.A. a ; /B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; /(2013﹒山东﹒T 22) It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.A. 不填；aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填(2013﹒陕西﹒T 19) Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in I thirteenth century.A. the; aB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the (2013﹒新课标II﹒T 13) Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.A. a; aB. the; theC.不填；theD. a;不填(2013﹒新课标I﹒T 31) India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.A.不填;aB. the; aC. an;不填D. an; the (2013﹒浙江﹒T 15) People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.A. a; anB. a; 不填C. 不填; theD. the; an (2013﹒重庆﹒T32) The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.A. a;/B. the; /C. the; anD. a; an (2014﹒江西﹒T 22) They chose Tom to be ________ captain of the team, because they knew he was ________ smart leader.A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a(2014﹒陕西﹒T 19) ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.A. The; aB. A; theC. The; theD. A; a(2014﹒天津﹒T 8) Life is like ________ ocean: only ________ strong-willed can reach the other shore.A. an; theB. the; aC. the ；/D. / ; a(2014﹒浙江﹒T 2) The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days ________ week，often long into ________ night.A．a; the B．the; 不填C．a; a D．不填; the (2014﹒重庆﹒T 6) I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village.A. the; aB. a; /C. a; theD. the; /(2015﹒陕西﹒T27) more learned a man is, more modest be usually become.A. The ; theB. A; aC. The ; aD. A; the(2015﹒四川﹒T5).Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.A. aB. anC. theD.不填(2015﹒浙江﹒T2) Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write children’s book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.A. a;不填B. the;theC. 不填;theD. a;the(2015﹒重庆﹒T3) I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____gunman wearing a mask.A.the; /B. a; /C. the; aD. a; the(2016﹒浙江﹒T2)______prize for the winner of the competition is______two-week holiday in Paris.A. The ; 不填B. A ; 不填C. A ; theD. The ; a(2019﹒浙江﹒T57)Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes.(2019﹒新课标I卷﹒T69)Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.。

十年（2010-2019）英语高考真题分类汇编语法填空(2014﹒全国卷I)Are you facing a situation that looking impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be)imaginable that it could be ever be cleaned up. The rive was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now year late, this rive is one of63most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But river wasn’t changed in a few days 64even a few months. It took years of work 65(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately.While there are 68(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70(patience)(2014﹒全国卷Ⅱ)One morning , I was waiting at the bus stop , worried about 61(be ) late for school ..There were many people waiting at the bus stop , 62some of them looked very anxious and 63(disappoint) .When the bus finally came , we all hurried on board .I got a place next 64 the window , so I had a good view of the sidewalk .A boy on a bike 65(catch)my attention .he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms . I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver , but he refused 66(stop ) until we reached the next stop .Still , the boy kept 67(ride) . He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting .Finally , when we came to the next stop , the boy ran up to the door of the bus . I heard an excited conversation .Then the driver stoop up and asked, “ 68 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ?” A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69（I）”. She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy .Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done .And the passengers 70（sudden）became friendly to one another .(2015﹒全国卷I)Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just be fore dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it ( regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.(2015﹒全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobedwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.(2016﹒全国新课标I) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.2010年大纲全国卷I第一卷21.—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?一No，I my homework all day yesterday.A was doingB would doC had doneD do答案A【解析】根据选项此题考查时态，此题可以根据句意解答，也可以使用排除法。

句意为：你读完了Jane Eyre吗？没有，我昨天一直做作业。

表示一段时间内持续进行且未完成的动作使用进行时，因此选择A。

另外可以使用排除法，题干中有all day yesterday时间提示为过去，应该选择与过去相关的时态，排除D。

B为过去将来时不符合题意，C过去完成时是过去的过去，使用过去完成时题目中需要有一般过去时，题干中没有一般过去时因此也排除。

22.The workers the glasses and marked on each box‖ This Side UP‖A carriedB deliveredC pressedD packed答案D【解析】考查动词辨析。

句意为：―工人们给这些玻璃进行了包装，并且在每个盒子上标着‗此面朝上‘‖的字样。

由句意可知pack―包装，包裹‖正确。

A项―携带，提着‖；B项―交付；递送‖；C―压‖。

23.I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and half learning drawingA anotherB the otherC other‘sD other答案B【解析】考查代词。

句意为：―我一半假期将用来练习英语，一般讲用来学习绘画。

‖the other表示2个中的―另一个‖，符合题意。

another通常表示不定数目中的―另一个‖；other‘s―其他的‖；other表示―别的‖，―另外的‖，只能与复数名词连用。

24.As a child, Jack studied in a village school，is named after his grandfather.A whichB whereC what D.that答案A【解析】考查定语从句。

十年高考英语真题分类汇总：代词(2019﹒新课标III卷﹒T63)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact.【答案】of【解析】考查介词。

“a pack of”意为“一群”。

故填of。

(2019﹒天津﹒T3)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】考查代词。

句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。

空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。

“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。

“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。

故选B。

(2015﹒重庆﹒T2)The meeting will be held in September, but____ knows the date for sure.A. everybodyB. nobodyC. anybodyD. somebody【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。

根据but表达转折可知没有人知道，故选B项。

(2015﹒浙江﹒T12) How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A. themB. oneC. thoseD. it【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:当你正在看一个你喜欢的节目时，突然有个人进来,一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想?It作形式宾语,指代If后面的句子。

十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019）英语专题01 冠词(2010﹒福建﹒T21)It’s good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.A. 不填, aB. a, 不填C. the, aD. a, the【答案】B【解析】good feeling并非特指, 故用a；pleasure是抽象名词, 无需冠词。

句意为“人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐, 这是（一）种不错的感觉” a good feeling , 一种不错的感觉, give sb pleasure。

(2010﹒山东﹒T 22)If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.A. 不填；theB. 不填；aC. the; aD. the；the【答案】C【解析】句意应为“如果我们坐在公共汽车的前部, 就会有更好的视野”表示“某空间内部的前部”时, front前要加定冠词the; have a good view是习惯搭配, 表示“视野开阔, 视野良好”之意；所以C项符合语境。

(2010﹒江苏﹒T 21)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.A.不填；aB. 不填；theC. the；aD. the；the【答案】A.【解析】第一空,来自社会各阶层的人. 是不特指,不用冠词. 第二空, 在Jiangsu 前有形容词new 因此,应加冠词a.表示一个全新的江苏(2010﹒辽宁﹒T 22)There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.A. the; theB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the【答案】B【解析】第一空in space 是固定短语, 不用冠词, 第二空名词earth属于独一无二事物的名词, 其前必须用定冠词。