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听不见的人如何学英语作文It can be challenging for a person who is unable to hear to learn English. However, with determination and the right resources, it is possible to overcome this obstacle. Here are some ways in which a person who cannot hear can learn English.1. Visual aids: Visual aids play a crucial role in helping a person who cannot hear learn English. They can use flashcards, pictures, and videos to associate words with images and gestures. This visual representation helps in understanding and memorizing vocabulary.2. Writing exercises: Writing exercises are beneficial for learning English as they allow individuals to practice forming sentences and expressing their thoughts. They can write short stories, essays, or even keep a journal to improve their writing skills.3. Lip-reading: Lip-reading can be a useful skill for aperson who cannot hear to understand spoken English. By observing the movements of the speaker's lips, they can decipher the words and phrases being spoken.4. Online resources: The internet offers a vast array of resources for learning English. There are numerous websites, apps, and online courses specifically designedfor individuals with hearing impairments. These resources provide interactive lessons, exercises, and even virtual tutors to assist in learning English.5. Sign language: Sign language can be used as a bridge between spoken and written English for individuals who cannot hear. By learning sign language, they can communicate with others and understand English through gestures and signs.6. Subtitles and captions: Watching movies, TV shows, and videos with subtitles or captions can help a person who cannot hear to comprehend spoken English. This visual aid allows them to read along while listening, improving their understanding of the language.7. Communication with others: Engaging in conversations with native English speakers or other learners can greatly enhance language skills. Through written communication,sign language, or even through assistive devices,individuals can practice speaking and understanding English.8. Visualizing and associating: Creating mental images and associations can aid in memorizing vocabulary and understanding grammar rules. By associating words with images or situations, individuals can better retain and recall English words and phrases.9. Regular practice: Like any other language, regular practice is essential for learning English. Consistent practice through various methods mentioned above will help individuals improve their language skills over time.10. Seeking support: Joining support groups or communities for individuals with hearing impairments whoare learning English can provide a supportive andmotivating environment. They can share experiences, tips,and resources, creating a sense of belonging and encouragement.Remember, learning a language is a journey that requires patience and perseverance. With the right approach and determination, a person who cannot hear can successfully learn and communicate in English.。

hardworking brains阅读答案第一部分：词汇选项1. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. brave D .sensible2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. acceptB. controlC. observeD. regulate3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limit B. fear C. power D. fool4. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. destinyD. refusal5. She's extremely competent and industrious.A. hardworkingB. honestC. objectiveD. independent6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish7. He tried to assemble his thoughts.A. clearB. shareC. gatherD. spare8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. messageB. punishmentC. guiltD. obligation9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.A. flexibleB. terribleC. reasonableD. serious10. These products are inferior to those we brought last year.A. poorer thanB. narrower thanC. larger thanD. richer than11. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.A. improvedB. changedC. worsenedD. developed12. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A. coexistingB. fairC. full D .pubic13. They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.A. requesting B .planning C. preparing D. looking14. He said some harsh words about his brother.A. unkindB. properC. normalD. unclear15. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. sumD. temp第二部分：阅读判断ADHD Linked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased of attention problems, seen as early as grade school. If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, orPAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs: the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City. She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study, she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers. The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs, ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy. The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb. Nine years later, the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort, such as homework or games with friends. The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All of these can besymptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in U.S. children has ADHD.Among the women studied, traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure, Perera and her team suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood. Ohters had high levels. Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16. Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20 Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第3部分：概况大意与完成句子First Image-recognitions software1) Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial intelligence software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far greater accuracy than ever before.2)The new system, which was tested on photos and is now being applied to videos, shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm(运算法则)for image recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough to improve large-scale document searches online. The system usespixel(像素)data in images and potentially video—rather than just text—to locate documents. It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge gleaned(收集)from those results can then be applied to other photos without tags or captions(图片说明),making for more accurate document search results.3)“Over the last 30 years,”says Associate Professor Korenzo Torresani, a co-author of the study,”the web has evolved from a small collection of mostly text documents to a modern, massive, fast-growing multimedia datastet, wherenearly every page includes multiple pictures of videos. When a person looks at a Web page, he immediately get the gist(主旨)of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, all existing popular search engine, such as Google or Bing, strip away the information contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Wed pages to perform the document retrieval. Our study is the first to show that modern machine vision systems are accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the information contained in image pixels to improve document search.”4)The researchers designed and tested a machine vision system—a type of artificialintelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed—that extracts semantic(语义的)information from pixels of photos in Web pages. This informationg is used to enrich the description of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. The researchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries(查询)on a database of 50 million Wed pages. They selected the text-retrieval search engine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additional semantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Web pages. They found tht this produced a 30percent improvement in precision over the original search engine purely based on text.23. Paragraph 1 _____24. Paragraph 2 _____25. Paragraph 3 _____26 Paragraph 4 _____A. Popularity of the new systemB. Publication of the new discoveryC .Function of the new systemD. Artificial intelligence software createdE. Problems of the existing search enginesF .Improvement in document retrieval27. The new system does document retrieval by _____.28. The new system is expected to improve precision in _____.29. When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore _____.30. The new system was found more effective in document search than the _____.A. information in imagesB. current popular search enginesC. using photosD. machine vision systemsE. document searchF. description of the HTML page第四部分：阅读理解第一篇Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers andpesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.31. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C. Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.32. The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show_____.A. the positive effects of coffee.B. a change of coffee growth.C. something that is the most important.D. how coffee production used to be.33.What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?A. More insects.B. Better quality coffee.C. Larger farms.D. Higher profits.34. How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35.The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT_____ full sunA. insects.B. air.C. birdsD. humans第二篇More Rural Research is NeededAgricultural research funding is vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now. Dr. Tony Fischer, crop scientist,said demand was growing at 2.5% per year but with modern technologies and the development of new ones, the world should be able to stay ahead.“The global decline in investment in international agricultural research must be reversed if significant progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition(营养不良)and poverty.”he said.Research is needed to solve food production, land degradation(贫瘠化)and environmental problems. Secure local food supplies led to economic growth which is turn, slowed population growth. Dr. Fischer painted a picture of the world’s ability to feed itself in the first 25 years, when the world’s population is expected to rise from 5 X to X billion people. He said that things will probably hold or improve but there’ll still be a lot of hungry people. The biggest concentration of poor and hungry people would be in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia in 2020, similar to the current pattern. If there is any change, a slight improvement will be seen in southern Asia, but not in sub-Saharan Africa. The major improvement will be in East Asia, South America and South-East Asia.The developing world was investing about 0.5%, or $8 billion a year, of its agricultural gross domesticproduct(GDP)on research and developed world was spending 2.5% of its GDP. Dr. Fischer said more was needed from all countries.He said crop research could produce technologies that spread across many countries, such as wheat production research having spin-offs(有用的副产品)for Mexico, China or India.“Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can have global application, so that money can be used very efficiently.”Dr. Fischer said.Yields of rice, wheat ad maize(玉米)havegrown impressively in the past 30 years, especially in developing countries. For example, maize production rose from 2 to 8 tonnes per hectare between 1950 and 1995. But technologies driving this growth such as high-yield varieties, fertilizers, and irrigation, were becoming exhausted. “If you want to save the land for non-agricultural activities, for forests and wildlife, you’re going to have to increase yield.”Dr. Fischer said.36. What is the passage mainly about?A. Shortage of food supplies.B. Development of agricultural technologies.C. Impact of agricultural research.D. Expectation of population growth.37. Which of the following statements is true about the world’s agricultural research funding?A. It is increasing among developed countries.B. It is decreasing worldwide.C. Less is demanded from developing countries.D. Most of it is spent very efficiently.38. What is the picture of Asia’s food supplies in the first25 years?A. Food shortage will not be a problemB. There will be more hungry people in southern Asia.C. Population growth will result in more hungry people.D. There will be fewer hungry people in East Asia.39. What does Dr. Fischer say about technologies? Dr FischerA. They are costly.B. They have to be improved to meet local needs.C. Their application is limited.D. They have to be applied locally.40. It can be infered from the last paragraph that_____.A. there is a demand for saving land for non-agricultural activities.B. crop production is growing faster in developing countries.C. maize production reached its peak in the 1990s.D. technologies improving maize production have been well developed.第三篇Dangers await babies with altitudeWomen who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average. But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished —many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1976 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. L Pazis the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. "We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to rest of the body.Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary(冠状的) heart disease. And newbornswith a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.41. What does the new study discover?A. Babies born to wealthy families are heaver.B. Women living at high altitude tend to give birth to underweight babies.C. Newborns in cities are lighter than average.D. Low-altitude babies have a high risk of heart disease in later life.42. Giussani and his team are sure that _____.A. babies born in Lance Paz are on average lighter than in Santa Cruz.B. people living at high altitudes tend to give birth to underweight babies.C. the birth weight of babies born to wealthy families is Santa Cruz.D. mothers in La Paz are commonly under-nourished.43. It can be inferred from what Giussani says in Paragraph4 that_____.A. the finding was unexpectedB. he was very tired.C. the study took longer than expected.D. he was surprised to find low-income families in La Paz.44. The results of the study indicate the reason for the underweight babies is _____.A. lack of certain nutrition.B. power of their mother.C. different family backgrounds.D. reduction of oxygen levels.45. It can be learned about form the paragraph that_____.A. high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in later life.B. under-weight babies have a shorter life span.C. babies born to poor families lack hormones before birth.D. new born wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)Saving a City's Public ArtAvoiding traffic jams in Los Angeles may be impossible, but the city's colorful freeway murals(壁画)can brighten even the worst commute. Paintings that depict(描述)famous people and historical scenes cover office buildings and freeway wallsall access the city. With a collection of more than 2,000 murals, Los Angeles is the unofficial mural capital of the world.But the combination of graffiti(涂鸦), pollution, and hot sun has left many L.A. murals in terrible condition. _____(46)in the past, experts say, little attention was given to caring for public art. Artists were even expected to maintain their own works, not an easy task with cars racing by along the freeway._____(47)The work started in 2003. So far, 16 walls have been selected and more may be added later.Until about 1960, public murals in Los Angeles were rare. But in the 1960s and 1970s, young L.A. artists began to study early 20th-century Mexican mural painting_____(48) The most famous mural in the city is Judith Baca's "The Great Wall," a 13-foot-high(4-meter-high)painting that runs for half a mile (0.8 kilometer) in North Hollywood, _____(49)it took eight years to complete—400 underprivileged teenagers painted the designs—and is probably the longest mural in the world.One of the murals that will be restored now is Kent Twitchell's "Seventh Street Altarpiece." which he painted for the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984. _____ (50) Twitchell said, "itwas meant as a kind of gateway through which the traveler to L.A. must drive. The open hands represent peace."Artists often call murals the people's art. Along a busy freeway or hidden in a quiet neighborhood, murals can teach people who would never pay money to see fine art in a museum, "Murals give a voice to the silent majority," said one artist.A. The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted over some of the murals complete.B. This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.C. Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.D. Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city's murals.E. The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.F .Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.第6部分：完形填空I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can't _____(51)the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having _____(52)thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not_____(53)to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers,brains_____(54)like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take_____(55)the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is_____(56). According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a_____(57)database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data_____(58)it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the_____(59)into new patterns.Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren't good, but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could_____(60)more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work to the database.A few years later, Cope's computer program, called "Emmy", was ready to help him with his opera.The_____(61)required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the_____(62)that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great_____(63)! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly_____(64)he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music, _____(65)she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!51. A. Make B. tell C. Take D. understand52. A. trouble B. time C. Fear D. pleasure53. A. Loud B .peaceful C. classic D. easy54. A. Feel B. look C. sound D .work55. A.in B.at C. with D. out56. A. added B .left C. created D .released57. A .Small B. huge C .Simple D. colorful58.A. cut B. drop C. broke D. turned59.A .parts B. programs C. ideas D .pieces60. A. play B. hear C. collect D. analyze61. A .stage B. process C. period D. application62. A. ones B. cases C. others D. sides63. A. loss B. end C. success D. rush64 A .when B. how C. what D. why65. A. but B. until C.so D .because参考答案：第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)1-5. C A B D A6-10. C C B B A11-15. C A A A D第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题l分，共7分)16-22. B B B C C A A第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)23-26. D C E F27-30. C E A B第4部分：阅读理解(第31—45题，每题3分，共45分) 31-35. DB D B B36-40. C B C B A41-45. B A A D B第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分) 46-50. A D C E B第6部分：完型填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分) 51-55. B A D D D56-60. B B C D D61-65. B A C B A。

剑桥雅思阅读10真题解析(test2)雅思阅读部分的真题资料，同学们需要进行一些细致的总结，比如说解析其实就是很重要的内容，接下来就是店铺给同学们带来的关于剑桥雅思阅读10真题解析(test2)的内容，一起来详细的分析一下吧，希望对你们的备考有所帮助。

剑桥雅思阅读10原文(test2)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 on the following pages.Questions 1-7Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs, A-G.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.Write the correct number，i-ix，in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheetList of Headingsi The search for the reasons for an increase in populationii Industrialisation and the fear of unemploymentiii The development of cities in Japaniv The time and place of the Industrial Revolutionv The cases of Holland, France and Chinavi Changes in drinking habits in Britainvii Two keys to Britain’s industrial revolutionviii Conditions required for industrialisationix Comparisons with Japan lead to the answer1 Paragraph A2 Paragraph B3 Paragraph C4 Paragraph D5 Paragraph E6 Paragraph F7 Paragraph GTea and the Industrial RevolutionA Cambridge professor says that a change in drinking babits was the reason for the Industrial Revolution in Britain. Anjana Abuja reportsA Alan Macfarlane, professor of anthropological science at King’s College, Cambridge, has, like other historians, spent decades wrestling with the enigma of the Industrial Revolution. Why did this particular Big Bang — the world-changing birth of industry — happen in Britain? And why did it strike at the end of the 18th century?B Macfarlane compares the puzzle to a combination lock. ‘There are about 20 different factors and all of them need to be present before the revolution can happen,’ he says. For industry to take off, there needs to be the technology and power to drive factories, large urban populations to provide cheap labour, easy transport to move goods around, an affluent middle-class willing to buy mass-produced objects, a market-driven economy and a political system that allows this to happen. While this was the case for England, other nations, such as Japan, the Netherlands and France also met some of these criteria but were not industrialising. ‘All these factors must have been necessary but not sufficient to c ause the revolution,’ says Macfarlane. ‘After all, Holland had everything except coal while China also had many of these factors. Most historians are convinced there are one or two missing factors that you need to open the lock.’C The missing factors, he proposes, are to be found in almost even kitchen curpboard. Tea and beer, two of the nation’sfavourite drinks, fuelled the revolution. The antiseptic properties of tannin, the active ingredient in tea, and of hops in beer — plus the fact that both are made with boiled water — allowed urban communities to flourish at close quarters without succumbing to water-borne diseases such as dysentery. The theory sounds eccentric but once he starts to explain the detective work that went into his deduction, the scepticism gives way to wary admiration. Macfarlane’s case has been strengthened by support from notable quarters — Roy Porter, the distinguished medical historian, recently wrote a favourable appraisal of his research.D Macfarlane had wondered for a long time how the Industrial Revolution came about. Historians had alighted on one interesting factor around the mid-18th century that required explanation. Between about 1650 and 1740，the population in Britain was static. But then there was a burst in population growth. Macfarlane says: ‘The infant mortality rate halved in the space of 20 years, and this happened in both rural areas and cities, and across all classes. People suggested four possible causes. Was there a sudden change in the viruses and bacteria around? Unlikely. Was there a revolution in medical science? But this was a century before Lister’s revolution_ Was there a change in environmental conditions? There were improvements in agriculture that wiped out malaria, but these were small gains. Sanitation did not become widespread until the 19th century. The only option left is food. But the height and weight statistics show a decline. So the food must have got worse. Efforts to explain this sudden reduction in child deaths appeared to draw a blank.’E This population burst seemed to happen at just the right time to provide labour for the Industrial Revolution. ‘When youstart moving towards an industrial revolution, it is economically efficient to have people living close together,’ says Macfarlane. ‘But then you get disease, particularly from human waste.’ Some digging around in historical records revealed that there was a change in the incidence of water-borne disease at that time, especially dysentery. Macfarlane deduced that whatever the British were drinking must have been important in regulating disease. He says, ‘We drank beer. For a long time, the English were protected by the strong antibacterial agent in hops, which were added to help preserve the beer. But in the late 17th century a tax was introduced on malt, the basic ingredient of beer. The poor turned to water and gin and in the 1720s the mortality rate began to rise again. Then it suddenly dropped again. What caused this?’F Macfarlane looked to Japan, which was also developing large cities about the same time, and also had no sanitation. Water-borne diseases had a much looser grip on the Japanese population than those in Britain. Could it be the prevalence of tea in their culture? Macfarlane then noted that the history of tea in Britain provided an extraordinary coincidence of dates. Tea was relatively expensive until Britain started a direct clipper trade with China in the early 18th century. By the 1740s, about the time that infant mortality was dipping, the drink was common. Macfarlane guessed that the fact that water had to be boiled, together with the stomach-purifying properties of tea meant that the breast milk provided by mothers was healthier than it had ever been. No other European nation sipped tea like the British, which, by Macfarla ne’s logic, pushed these other countries out of contention for the revolution.G But, if tea is a factor in the combination lock, why didn’tJapan forge ahead in a tea-soaked industrial revolution of its own? Macfarlane notes that even though 17th-century Japan had large cities, high literacy rates, even a futures market, it had turned its back on the essence of any work-based revolution by giving up labour-saving devices such as animals, afraid that they would put people out of work. So, the nation that we now think of as one of the most technologically advanced entered the 19th century having ‘abandoned the wheel’._oseph Lister was the first doctor to use antiseptic techniques during surgical operations to prevent infections.Questions 8-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this8 China’s transport system was not suitable for industry in the 18th century.9 Tea and beer both helped to prevent dysentery in Britain.10 Roy Porter disagrees with Professor Macfarlane’s findings.11 After 1740，there was a reduction in population in Britain.12 People in Britain used to make beer at home.13 The tax on malt indirectly caused a rise in the death rate.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Gifted children and learningA Internationally, ‘giftedness’ is most frequentlydetermined by a score on a general intelligence test, known as an IQ test, which is above a chosen cutoff point, usually at around the top 2-5%. Children’s educational environment contributes to the IQ score and the way intelligence is used. For example, a very close positive relationship was found when children’s IQ scores were compared with their home educational provision (Freeman, 2010). The higher the children’s IQ scores, especially over IQ 130, the better the quality of their educational backup, measured in terms of reported verbal interactions with parents, number of books and activities in their home etc. Because IQ tests are decidedly influenced by what the child has learned, they are to some extent measures of current achievement based on age-norms; that is, how well the children have learned to manipulate their knowledge and know-how within the terms of the test. The vocabulary aspect, for example, is dependent on having heard those words. But IQ tests can neither identify the processes of learning and thinking nor predict creativity.B Excellence does not emerge without appropriate help. To reach an exceptionally high standard in any area very able children need the means to learn, which includes material to work with and focused challenging tuition — and the encouragement to follow their dream. There appears to be a qualitative difference in the way the intellectually highly able think, compared with more average-ability or older pupils, for whom external regulation by the teacher often compensates for lack of internal regulation. To be at their most effective in their self-regulation, all children can be helped to identify their own ways of learning —metacognition —which will include strategies of planning, monitoring, evaluation, and choice of what to learn. Emotional awareness is also part of metacognition, so children should behelped to be aware of their feelings around the area to be learned, feelings of curiosity or confidence, for example.C High achievers have been found to use self-regulatory learning strategies more often and more effectively than lower achievers, and are better able to transfer these strategies to deal with unfamiliar tasks. This happens to such a high degree in some children that they appear to be demonstrating talent in particular areas. Overviewing research on the thinking process of highly able children, (Shore and Kanevsky, 1993) put the instructor’s problem succinctly: ‘If they [the gifted] merely think mo re quickly, then we need only teach more quickly. If they merely make fewer errors, then we can shorten the practice’. But of course, this is not entirely the case; adjustments have to be made in methods of learning and teaching, to take account of the many ways individuals think.D Yet in order to learn by themselves, the gifted do need some support from their teachers. Conversely, teachers who have a tendency to ‘overdirect’ can diminish their gifted pupils’ learning autonomy. Although ‘spoon-feeding’ can produce extremely high examination results, these are not always followed by equally impressive life successes. Too much dependence on the teachers risks loss of autonomy and motivation to discover. However, when teachers help pupils to reflect on their own learning and thinking activities, they increase their pupils’ self-regulation. For a young child, it may be just the simple question ‘What have you learned today?’ which helps them to recognise what they are doing. Given that a fundamental goal of education is to transfer the control of learning from teachers to pupils, improving pupils’ learning to learn techniques should be a major outcome of the school experience,especially for the highly competent. There are quite a number of new methods which can help, such as child-initiated learning, ability-peer tutoring, etc. Such practices have been found to be particularly useful for bright children from deprived areas.E But scientific progress is not all theoretical, knowledge is a so vital to outstanding performance: individuals who know a great deal about a specific domain will achieve at a higher level than those who do not (Elshout, 1995). Research with creative scientists by Simonton (1988) brought him to the conclusion that above a certain high level, characteristics such as independence seemed to contribute more to reaching the highest levels of expertise than intellectual skills, due to the great demands of effort and time needed for learning and practice. Creativity in all forms can be seen as expertise mixed with a high level of motivation (Weisberg, 1993).F To sum up, learning is affected by emotions of both the individual and significant others. Positive emotions facilitate the creative aspects of learning and negative emotions inhibit it. Fear, for example, can limit the development of curiosity, which is a strong force in scientific advance, because it motivates problem-solving behaviour. In Boekaerts’ (1991) review of emotion the learning of very high IQ and highly achieving children, she found emotional forces in harness. They were not only curious, but often had a strong desire to control their environment, improve their learning efficiency and increase their own learning resources.Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 14-17 on your answersheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.14 a reference to the influence of the domestic background on the gifted child15 reference to what can be lost if learners are given too much guidance16 a reference to the damaging effects of anxiety17 examples of classroom techniques which favour socially-disadvantaged childrenQuestions 18-22Look at the following statements (Questions 18-22) and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person or people, A-E.Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 18-22 on your answer sheet.18 Less time can be spent on exercises with gifted pupils who produce accurate work.19 Self-reliance is a valuable tool that helps gifted students reach their goals.20 Gifted children know how to channel their feelings to assist their learning.21 The very gifted child benefits from appropriate support from close relatives.22 Really successful students have learnt a considerable amount about their subject.List of PeopleA FreemanB Shore and KanevskyC ElshoutD SimontonE BoekaertsQuestions 23-26Complete the sentences below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet23 One study found a strong connection between children’s IQ and the availability of andat home.24 Children of average ability seem to need more direction from teachers because they do not have25 Metacognition involves children understanding their own learning strategies, as well as developing26 Teachers who rely on what is known as often produce sets of impressive grades in class tests.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Museums of fine art and their publicThe fact that people go to the Louvre museum in Paris to see the original painting Mona Lisa when they can see a reproduction anywhere leads us to question some assumptions about the role of museums of fine art in today’s worldOne of the most famous works of art in the world is Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa. Nearly everyone who goes to see the original will already be familiar with it from reproductions, but they accept that fine art is more rewardingly viewed in its original form.However, if Mona Lisa was a famous novel, few people wouldbother to go to a museum to read the writer’s actual manuscript rather than a printed reproduction. This might be explained by the fact that the novel has evolved precisely because of technological developments that made it possible to print out huge numbers of texts, whereas oil paintings have always been produced as unique objects. In addition, it could be argued that the practice of interpre ting or ‘reading’ each medium follows different conventions. With novels, the reader attends mainly to the meaning of words rather than the way they are printed on the page, whereas the ‘reader’ of a painting must attend just as closely to the material form of marks and shapes in the picture as to any ideas they may signify.Yet it has always been possible to make very accurate facsimiles of pretty well any fine art work. The seven surviving versions of Mona Lisa bear witness to the fact that in the 16th century, artists seemed perfectly content to assign the reproduction of their creations to their workshop apprentices as regular ‘bread and butter’ work. And today the task of reproducing pictures is incomparably more simple and reliable, with reprographic techniques that allow the production of high-quality prints made exactly to the original scale, with faithful colour values, and even with duplication of the surface relief of the painting.But despite an implicit recognition that the spread of good reproductions can be culturally valuable, museums continue to promote the special status of original work.Unfortunately, this seems to place severe limitations on the kind of experience offered to visitors.One limitation is related to the way the museum presents its exhibits. As repositories of unique historical objects, art museumsare often called ‘treasure houses’. We are reminded of this even before we view a collection by the presence of security guards, attendants, ropes and display cases to keep us away from the exhibits. In many cases, the architectural style of the building further reinforces that notion. In addition, a major collection like that of London’s National Gallery is housed in numerous rooms, each with dozens of works, any one of which is likely to be worth more than all the average visitor possesses. In a society that judges the personal status of the individual so much by their material worth, it is therefore difficult not to be impressed by one’s own relative ‘worthlessness’ in such a n environment.Furthermore, consideration of the ‘value’ of the original work in its treasure house setting impresses upon the viewer that, since these works were originally produced, they have been assigned a huge monetary value by some person or institution more powerful than themselves. Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the work is going to alter that value, and so today’s viewer is deterred from trying to extend that spontaneous, immediate, self-reliant kind of reading which would originally have met the work.The visitor may then be struck by the strangeness of seeing such diverse paintings, drawings and sculptures brought together in an environment for which they were not originally created. This ‘displacement effect’ is further heightened by the sheer volume of exhibits. In the case of a major collection, there are probably more works on display than we could realistically view in weeks or even months.This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there isno prescribed time over which a painting is viewed. By contrast, the audience encounters an opera or a play over a specific time, which is the duration of the performance. Similarly, novels and poems are read in a prescribed temporal sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially, without appreciating the richness of detail and labour that is involved.Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialised academic approach devoted to ‘discovering the meaning’ of art within the cultural context of its time. T his is in perfect harmony with the museum’s function, since the approach is dedicated to seeking out and conserving ‘authentic’, ‘original’ readings of the exhibits. Again, this seems to put paid to that spontaneous, participatory criticism which can be found in abundance in criticism of classic works of literature, but is absent from most art history.The displays of art museums serve as a warning of what critical practices can emerge when spontaneous criticism is suppressed. The museum public, like any other audience, experience art more rewardingly when given the confidence to express their views. If appropriate works of fine art could be rendered permanently accessible to the public by means of high-fidelity reproductions, as literature and music already are, the public may feel somewhat less in awe of them. Unfortunately, that may be too much to ask from those who seek to maintain and control the art establishment.Questions 27-31Complete the summary using the list of words, A-L, below.Write the correct letter, A-L, in boxes 27-31 on your answersheet.The value attached to original works of artPeople go to art museums because they accept the value of seeing an original work of art. But they do not go to museums to read original manuscripts of novels, perhaps because the availability of novels has depended on 27 for so long, and also because with novels, the 28 are the most important thing.However, in historical times artists such as Leonardo were happy to instruct 29 to produce copies of their work and these days new methods of reproduction allow excellent replication of surface relief features as well as colour and 30It is regrettable that museums still promote the superiority of original works of art, since this may not be in the interests of the 31A institutionB mass productionC mechanical processesD publicE paintsF artistG size H underlying ideas I basic technologyJ readers K picture frames L assistantsQuestions 32-35Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 32-35 on your answer sheet32 The writer mentions London’s National Gallery to illustrateA the undesirable cost to a nation of maintaining a huge collection of art.B the conflict that may arise in society between financial and artistic values.C the n egative effect a museum can have on visitors’ opinions of themselves.D the need to put individual well-being above large-scaleartistic schemes.33 The writer says that today, viewers may be unwilling to criticise a work becauseA they lack the knowledge needed to support an opinion.B they fear it may have financial implications.C they have no real concept of the work’s value.D they feel their personal reaction is of no significance.34 According to the writer, the ‘displacement effect’ on the visitor is caused byA the variety of works on display and the way they are arranged.B the impossibility of viewing particular works of art over a long period.C the similar nature of the paintings and the lack of great works.D the inappropriate nature of the individual works selected for exhibition.35 The writer says that unlike other forms of art, a painting does notA involve direct contact with an audience.B require a specific location for a performance.C need the involvement of other professionals.D have a specific beginning or end.Questions 36-42Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the views of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinksabout this36 Art history should focus on discovering the meaning of art using a range of media.37 The approach of art historians conflicts with that of art museums.38 People should be encouraged to give their opinions openly on works of art.39 Reproductions of fine art should only be sold to the public if they are of high quality.40 In the future, those with power are likely to encourage more people to enjoy art.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test2)Passage 1参考译文：茶与工业革命一个剑桥教授称英国工业革命的导火索是饮水习性的改变。

考研英语翻译：如何让你的大脑年轻11岁While Popeye ate spinach everyday to maintain strong muscles, he was also bettering his memory, maybe without even knowing it.大力水手波派每天吃菠菜保持肌肉力量，同时也增强了他的记忆力，他自己可能还不知道呢。

Consuming just a daily serving of spinach -- or any type of leafy green, for that matter -- may help slow the process of age-associated cognitive decline, according to a new study. The reason? Vitamin K.最新的研究显示，每天吃一份菠菜（或者说叶子多的绿色蔬菜）有助于延缓年龄增长造成的认知能力下降。

为什么？因为有维生素K。

A group of researchers at Rush University in Chicago who analyzed the diets and mental functions of 954 elderly people over a five year period found that those who incorporated more green in their diets were more likely to be mentally sharp. 芝加哥拉什大学的一个研究小组分析了954名老年人5年里的饮食情况和大脑功能数据，发现多吃绿色蔬菜的老年人思维普遍更灵敏。

The researchers tracked the diets of participants, whose age averaged 81, for an average of five years. They found that people who ate one or two daily portions of green leafy vegetables had the same cognitive abilities as someone 11 years younger who never consumed leafy greens.参与研究的老年人平均81岁，研究人员跟踪记录了他们的饮食情况，每个人的记录平均都有5年。

brainstorming英语材料全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Get ready to brainstorm!Hey guys! Have you ever heard of brainstorming? It's a super fun way to come up with lots of ideas and solve problems together. Today, I'm going to tell you all about it.First things first, brainstorming is all about letting your imagination run wild. There are no bad ideas, so don't be shy to share whatever comes to your mind. You never know, that crazy idea might just be the perfect solution.Now, how do you start a brainstorming session? Well, gather all your friends or classmates in a circle and pick a topic to brainstorm about. It could be anything, like how to make recess even more fun or what to do for the next school project.Once you have your topic, it's time to let the ideas flow. Encourage everyone to speak up and share their thoughts without any judgment. Remember, the more ideas, the better!You can use different brainstorming techniques to keep the ideas coming. For example, you can do a round-robin where each person takes turns sharing one idea at a time. Or you can try a mind map, where you draw a diagram connecting all the different ideas.Don't forget to write down all the ideas so you can refer back to them later. And most importantly, have fun with it! Brainstorming is a great way to get creative and think outside the box.So, next time you have a problem to solve or a project to work on, gather your friends and get ready to brainstorm together. Who knows what amazing ideas you'll come up with!篇2Title: Let's Brainstorm Together!Hey kids! Today, we're going to talk about something super cool: Brainstorming! Sounds like a big word, right? But don't worry, it's actually a fun and creative way to come up with great ideas!So, what exactly is brainstorming? Well, it's when we all get together and share our thoughts and ideas on a particular topic.It's like using our brains to think of as many cool and interesting ideas as possible!Brainstorming can be really helpful when we have a project to work on or when we need to solve a problem. It's a great way to get our creative juices flowing and think outside the box!Here are some tips for a successful brainstorming session:1. No idea is a bad idea: Remember, during brainstorming, every idea is a good idea! Even if it sounds silly or weird, go ahead and share it. You never know, it might lead to something awesome!2. Listen to others: It's important to listen to what your friends are saying during a brainstorming session. They might have a great idea that can inspire you or help you come up with even better ideas.3. Build on ideas: If someone comes up with an idea that you like, don't be afraid to build on it! Add your own twist or suggestion to make it even better.4. Be open-minded: Sometimes the best ideas come from unexpected places. So, keep an open mind and be willing to try new things during brainstorming.Remember, brainstorming is all about having fun and letting our creativity shine! So, let's get together, use our brains, and come up with some amazing ideas! Let the brainstorming begin!篇3Subject: BrainstormingHey guys! Today we're gonna talk about brainstorming! Have you ever heard about it? Well, brainstorming is a cool way to come up with lots of ideas for a project, a problem, or anything really!So, the first thing you gotta do when you're brainstorming is to gather your friends or classmates and have a big brainstorming session. You can sit in a circle or write your ideas on a big piece of paper. The important thing is to have fun and let your imagination run wild!When you're brainstorming, there are no bad ideas. Seriously, even if you think an idea is silly or weird, just write it down! You never know, it might lead to something awesome. And remember, the more ideas, the better!You can use different techniques to brainstorm, like mind mapping or word association. These can help you think indifferent ways and come up with even more ideas. And don't forget to try mixing different ideas together to create something totally unique!After you've brainstormed a bunch of ideas, it's time to pick the best ones and start working on them. You can combine the best ideas or choose one to focus on. Just remember to have fun and keep an open mind!So, next time you have a project or a problem to solve, remember to gather your friends, do some brainstorming, and let the ideas flow! Who knows, you might just come up with the next big thing!Brainstorming is super fun and can help you be creative and think outside the box. So go ahead and give it a try! Let your imagination soar and see where it takes you!Happy brainstorming, everyone!篇4Title: Let's Brainstorm!Hey guys! Today we are going to talk about brainstorming! Do you know what brainstorming is? It's a super cool way tocome up with lots of ideas and solve problems together. Let's get started!First of all, when you brainstorm, it's important to beopen-minded. That means you should listen to everyone's ideas and not judge them. Every idea is valuable and could lead to something awesome!Next, don't be afraid to speak up! Everyone's ideas are important, so don't be shy. If you have an idea, share it with the group. Who knows, it might be the best idea ever!Another thing to remember is to build on each other's ideas. If someone shares an idea, think about how you can make it even better. Maybe you can combine two ideas to make something even more awesome!Also, remember to stay positive and have fun! Brainstorming should be a creative and exciting experience. So let's have a blast coming up with all sorts of cool ideas together!And finally, don't forget to write down all the ideas. You never know when a crazy idea might turn into a brilliant solution. So grab a piece of paper and jot down everything that comes to mind.So there you have it, guys! Brainstorming is a fantastic way to unleash your creativity and come up with amazing ideas. So let's get brainstorming and see what awesome things we can create together! Let's go!篇5Brainstorming is a super fun way to come up with ideas and solve problems together! It's like having a big party in your brain where everyone gets to share their thoughts and think of new and exciting things.First, you need to gather all your friends or classmates in one place. Make sure you have a big piece of paper or a whiteboard to write down all the ideas that come up during the brainstorming session. Remember, there are no wrong answers in brainstorming, so don't be afraid to speak up and share your thoughts!Next, start by asking a question or stating a problem that you want to brainstorm about. It could be something like "How can we make our school playground more fun?" or "What can we do to help save the environment?" Once you have a topic, it's time to start sharing ideas!You can start by shouting out any ideas that come to mind. Don't worry about whether they are good or bad, just get them out there! You can also build on each other's ideas by adding on or combining different thoughts. Remember, the more ideas, the better!As you brainstorm, try to keep the energy high and the creativity flowing. Encourage each other to think outside the box and come up with unique and innovative solutions. And most importantly, have fun with it! Brainstorming is a great way to bond with your friends and come up with cool ideas together.Once you have a bunch of ideas written down, take some time to go through them and pick out the best ones. You can also combine different ideas to come up with even better solutions. And don't forget to thank everyone for their participation and creativity!So next time you have a problem to solve or a new project to work on, remember to gather your friends for a brainstorming session. It's a great way to spark new ideas and have a blast while doing it!篇6Hey guys, today I'm going to share with you some cool ideas about brainstorming in a super fun and easy way! Brainstorming is when you come up with lots of ideas all at once to solve a problem or think of new things to do. It's like having a big party in your brain where everyone is invited to share their thoughts and creativity.First, you need to gather your friends or classmates in a circle and make sure everyone feels comfortable and ready to share their ideas. Then, start by thinking of a cool topic to brainstorm about, it could be anything from "What should we do for our school project?" to "How can we make our playground even more awesome?" Once you have a topic, set a timer for a few minutes and let everyone shout out their ideas without worrying about being right or wrong. Remember, the more ideas, the better!Next, write down all the ideas on a big piece of paper or whiteboard so you can see them all at once. You can use different colors or draw pictures to make it even more fun! Then, go through the list together and pick out the best ideas that you can use to solve your problem or come up with a cool plan.Finally, don't forget to thank everyone for sharing their ideas and working together as a team. Brainstorming is all about beingcreative, listening to each other, and having fun! So next time you need to come up with new ideas, remember to try out these tips and see what amazing things you can think of together. Have fun brainstorming, guys!篇7Hey everyone! Today I want to talk to you about something super cool called brainstorming. Have you ever heard of it? It's like using your brain to come up with lots of ideas about a topic or a problem.When you do brainstorming, you can doodle, write down words, draw pictures, or even act out your ideas. It's all about being creative and thinking outside the box. You can do it by yourself, with a friend, or in a group.One time, my class did a brainstorming session about ways to make our school playground more fun. We came up with so many ideas like adding a new jungle gym, painting hopscotch on the ground, and even having a water play area. It was so much fun to let our imaginations run wild!Brainstorming is a great way to solve problems, make decisions, or just have fun. It helps you think differently and see things from new perspectives. So next time you're stuck onsomething, try doing a brainstorming session. You never know what awesome ideas you might come up with!Remember, there are no wrong answers in brainstorming. Just let your creativity flow and have fun with it. Happy brainstorming, my friends!篇8Hi everyone! Today I want to talk about something super cool and exciting - brainstorming! You might be wondering, what exactly is brainstorming? Well, let me tell you all about it.Brainstorming is a way to come up with lots of different ideas about something. It's like a big party for your brain where you get to think of all kinds of creative and fun things. You can do it by yourself, or with a group of friends or classmates. It's a great way to get your creative juices flowing and come up with awesome ideas.So how do you brainstorm? Well, there are lots of ways to do it. You can write down your ideas on paper, draw pictures, or even act out your ideas with your friends. The key is to let your imagination run wild and not worry about whether your ideas are good or bad. Just let them flow and see where they take you.Brainstorming is super important because it helps you think outside the box and come up with new and exciting ideas. Whether you're working on a school project, planning a birthday party, or just trying to come up with a fun game to play with your friends, brainstorming can help you think of all kinds of cool stuff.So next time you're feeling stuck or uninspired, give brainstorming a try! You never know what amazing ideas you might come up with. Happy brainstorming, everyone!篇9Title: Let's Brainstorm!Hey guys, today I want to talk to you about brainstorming! Do you know what brainstorming is? It's a fun way to come up with lots of ideas together. It's like a big pool of ideas where everyone can jump in and swim around!When we brainstorm, there are no wrong answers. We can say any idea that comes to our mind, no matter how silly it may seem. Sometimes the silliest ideas can lead to the best solutions!There are many ways to brainstorm. We can use different colored markers and draw on a big piece of paper, or write ourideas on sticky notes and stick them on the wall. We can also take turns sharing our ideas out loud.Brainstorming is great for solving problems or coming up with new ideas. For example, if we're trying to decide on a theme for the school play, we can brainstorm different ideas like pirates, superheroes, or even outer space! Then we can vote on our favorite idea as a group.Remember, the key to a successful brainstorming session is to listen to everyone's ideas and respect each other's suggestions. We're all in this together, and we can come up with amazing ideas when we work as a team!So next time you have a project or problem to solve, remember to gather your friends and start brainstorming. You'll be amazed at all the cool ideas you can come up with together! Let's get our brains storming!篇10Brainstorming is like super cool and super fun! It's like when you have a whole bunch of ideas bouncing around in your head and you just can't wait to share them with your friends. It's all about using your brain power to come up with awesome ideas and solutions to problems.When you're brainstorming, there are no bad ideas. You can say whatever you want and no one will judge you. It's all about being creative and letting your imagination run wild. You can draw pictures, make lists, or even act out your ideas to really bring them to life.But the best part about brainstorming is doing it with your friends. When you work together as a team, you can come up with even more amazing ideas than you could on your own. You can bounce ideas off each other, build on each other's thoughts, and come up with solutions that you never would have thought of by yourself.So next time you have a problem to solve or a project to work on, remember to brainstorm with your friends. It's a super fun way to use your imagination and come up with some really cool ideas. Let your creativity shine and see where your brainstorming session takes you!。

brainstorm英语作文英文回答：Brainstorming is a creative problem-solving technique that involves generating a large number of ideas in a short period of time. It is often used in business and other settings where new ideas are needed. There are many different ways to brainstorm, but some common methods include:Freewriting: This involves writing down any and all ideas that come to mind, without judgment or editing.Mind mapping: This involves creating a visual representation of your ideas, with branches and sub-branches connecting related concepts.Group brainstorming: This involves getting a group of people together to generate ideas, with the goal ofbuilding off of each other's suggestions.Brainstorming can be a very effective way to generate new ideas, but it is important to follow some basic guidelines:Create a positive and supportive environment: Thiswill help people feel comfortable sharing their ideas, even if they are not fully developed.Suspend judgment: It is important to avoid criticizing ideas during the brainstorming process. This can discourage people from sharing their thoughts.Encourage quantity over quality: The goal of brainstorming is to generate as many ideas as possible, so don't worry about the quality of your ideas at first.Build on other people's ideas: This can help you to come up with even more creative and innovative ideas.中文回答：头脑风暴是一种创造性的解决问题技术，涉及在短时间内产生大量想法。

如何增强脑力英语作文Enhancing brain power is a topic that has gained increasing attention in recent years. As our world becomes more complex and fast-paced, the ability to think critically, solve problems, and adapt to change has become increasingly important. Fortunately, there are a variety of strategies and techniques that can be employed to improve cognitive function and boost brain power.One of the most fundamental ways to enhance brain power is through regular exercise. Physical activity has been shown to have a range of benefits for the brain, including improved blood flow, increased neural connections, and the release of neurotransmitters that support cognitive function. Aerobic exercise, such as running, cycling, or swimming, is particularly beneficial, as it helps to increase the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the brain. Additionally, strength training and other forms of resistance exercise can also help to improve brain function by promoting the growth of new brain cells and enhancing neural plasticity.Another key factor in enhancing brain power is mental stimulation.Engaging in activities that challenge the mind, such as learning a new skill, solving puzzles, or playing strategic games, can help to strengthen neural pathways and improve cognitive abilities. Reading, writing, and engaging in intellectual discussions are also excellent ways to keep the mind active and engaged.One specific strategy for enhancing brain power is the use of brain-boosting supplements. Certain vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients have been shown to have a positive impact on cognitive function. For example, omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil, have been linked to improved memory and problem-solving skills. Similarly, antioxidants such as those found in blueberries and green tea have been shown to protect the brain from damage and support overall cognitive function.Another important aspect of enhancing brain power is getting enough sleep. Sleep is essential for cognitive function, as it allows the brain to consolidate memories, process information, and recharge. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night, and consider implementing good sleep hygiene practices, such as establishing a consistent sleep schedule and avoiding screen time before bed.Stress management is also crucial for maintaining brain health. Chronic stress can have a negative impact on cognitive function, leading to problems with memory, concentration, and decision-making. Engaging in stress-reducing activities, such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises, can help to mitigate the effects of stress and support overall brain function.In addition to these general strategies, there are also a number of specific techniques that can be used to enhance brain power. One such technique is the use of mind maps, which involve creating visual representations of information and ideas. This can help to improve memory, organization, and problem-solving skills.Another technique is the use of spaced repetition, which involves breaking down information into smaller chunks and reviewing it at regular intervals. This approach has been shown to be highly effective for improving memory and retention of information.Finally, it's important to recognize that enhancing brain power is a lifelong process, and that the strategies and techniques employed may need to be adjusted over time. As we age, our brains undergo changes, and it's important to adapt our approach accordingly. By incorporating a range of brain-boosting strategies into our daily lives, we can help to ensure that our cognitive abilities remain sharp and resilient throughout our lives.In conclusion, there are a variety of strategies and techniques that can be used to enhance brain power. From physical exercise andmental stimulation to the use of brain-boosting supplements and stress management, there are many ways to support and improve cognitive function. By incorporating these strategies into our daily lives, we can help to ensure that our brains remain healthy, active, and adaptable in the face of the ever-changing demands of our modern world.。

Part I Language through Movie B Extensive Listening ActivitiesMovie Clip 1Listen to the conversation between two gentlemen in their first meeting and answer the following questions. What defect does the gentleman seated on the sofa suffer from? He suffers from a stutter/ stammer ---- a speech impediment(妨碍，阻止 口吃，结巴；) How do they mutually prefer to be addressed? And why, according to your understanding? Bertie addresses Lionel as “Dr. Logue”, but Lionel prefers to be called “Lionel”—the given name. Bertie hopes Lionel to address him formally as “Your Royal Highness” or “Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George”, while Lionel prefers to call the other party “Bertie”. Lionel believes it’s better for treatment if they’re equals, but Bertie values the rigid hierarchical relationship between them. Watch the scene on a series of treatments the doctor offered and answer the following questions.1.2.Movie Clip 21. In the process of treatment, what physical exercises did the doctor carry out? Lionel carried out some mechanical practice/muscle therapy to relax Bertie’s jaw muscles and strengthen his tongue. In addition, he helped Bertie loosen his shoulders, take deep breath and expand his chest by mechanical practice. 2. Do you think Bertie's problem is only a physiological(生理学的；生理 的)one? From your viewpoint, what (other) practical treatments can be applied? (Open) Bertie’s problem may not be simply a physiological one, because the physical treatment turns out to be not sufficiently effective, only dealing with the surface of stammer problem. If it is psychological, it may be workable for Bertie to undergo some mental consultation or therapy.1Section 2 In-class Activities A Class Lead-in1. Have you ever suffered any similar health problems in your life? What problems are they? (Open) 2. Why do people suffer from mental health problems? What reasons can you think of according to your or your friends' experiences? (Open) Tips: Mental health problems are very common in our daily life. Actually, mental problems in the early stages can be very easy to recover from, just like recovering from catching a cold. A 2005 survey by the Mental Health Centre of the Chinese Centre for Disease Control(中国疾病控制中心，心理健康中心) showed that some 10-25% of all Chinese college students have or have at some time suffered some kind of mental health problems, like shyness, stress, anger, anxiety, insomnia( 失 眠 ， 失 眠 症)/sleeplessness, panic, eating disorders/anorexia(厌食症), depression, bullying（恐 吓， 威逼） sexual abuse , （长辈对儿童的） 性侵犯, sexuality （性兴趣） violence, suicide, , etc. B Intensive Listening & ViewingWatch the scene on Lionel’s amiable and meticulous talk to Bertie in their first meeting.Movie Clip 3Task OneGeneral understanding of the main ideaCorrect answer: DA. Bertie comes to Lionel for help because of his fault of being hot-tempered. B. Bertie has always had the defect even when he talks to himself, so Lionel asserts that Bertie’s defect is incurable. C. Bertie reluctantly answers Lionel's questions about his defect although he believes his defect isn't a permanent part of him. D. Bertie is overwhelmed by Lionel's personal questions about his defect, for Lionel attempts to investigate the cause of the defect and he concludes that Bertie's impediment can be fixed.2Task TwoFurther understanding of details Lionel’s amiable and meticulous talk to BertieLionel’s questions Bertie’s answers Bertie: I'm not…here to discuss1Lionel: What was your earliestpersonalmemory?... Your first recollection .2 3 4 Lionel: Why're you here then? Lionel: When did the defect start?matters .Bertie: Because I bloody well stammer ! Bertie: I've always been this way!5…When did it start? Lionel: Do you hesitate when you think? So when you talk to yourself do you stammer ? Lionel: That proves your impediment isn't a permanent part of you. What do you think was the cause ?… Four or five . Bertie: Don't be ridiculous Of course not!Bertie: I don't know. I„ don't.stammer . And no one canfixcare . I it.Task Three Step 1Interactive activity Tick the corresponding columns in the Depression Screener.Step 2 Get the results and recommendations at /llw/depression_screen.cfmTips: 链接网址，查询筛选结果和建议。

How to Cultivate "EQ"2018.7.25What is the most valuable contribution employees make to their companies, knowledge or judgment? I say judgment. Knowledge, no matter how broad, is useless until it is applied. And application takes judgment, which involves something of a sixth sense — a high performance of the mind.This raises interesting questions about the best training for today's business people. As Daniel Goleman suggests in his new book, Emotional Intelligence, the latest scientific findings seem to indicate that intelligent but inflexible people don't have the right stuff in an age when the adaptive ability is the key to survival.In a recent cover story, Time magazine sorted through the current thinking on intelligence and reported, "New brain research suggests that emotions, not IQ, may be the true measure of human intelligence." The basic significance of the emotional intelligence that Time called "EQ" was suggested by management expert Karen Boylston: "Customers are telling businesses, 'I don't care if every member of your staff graduated from Harvard. I will take my business and go where I am understood and treated with respect.'"If the evolutionary pressures of the marketplace are making EQ, not IQ, the hot ticket for business success, it seems likely that individuals will want to know how to cultivate it. I have a modest proposal: Embrace a highly personal practice aimed at improving these four adaptive skills:Raising consciousness. I think of this as thinking differently on purpose. It's about noticing what you are feeling and thinking and escaping the conditioned confines of your past. Raise your consciousness by catching yourself in the act of thinking as often as possible. Routinely take note of your emotions and ask if you're facing facts or avoiding them.Using imagery. This is what you see Olympic ski racers doing before entering the starting gate. With their eyes closed and bodies swaying, they run the course in their minds first, which improves their performance. You can do the same by setting aside time each day to dream with passion about what you want to achieve.Considering and reconsidering events to choose the most creative response to them. When a Greek philosopher said 2,000 years ago that it isn't events that matter but our opinion of them, this is what he was talking about. Every time something important happens, assign as many interpretations to it as possible, even crazy ones. Then go with the interpretation most supportive of your dreams.Integrating the perspectives of others. Brain research shows that our view of the world is limited by our genes and the experiences we've had. Learning to incorporate the useful perspectives of others is nothing less than a form of enlarging your senses.The next time someone interprets something differently from you —say, a controversial political event —pause to reflect on the role of life experience and consider it a gift of perception.The force of habit — literally the established wiring of your brain — will pull you away from practicing these skills. Keep at it, however, because they are based on what we're learning about the mechanisms of the mind.Within the first six months of life the human brain doubles in capacity; it doubles again by age four and then grows rapidly until we reach sexual maturity. The body has about a hundred billion nerve cells, and every experience triggers a brain response that literally shapes our senses. The mind, we now know, is not confined to the brain but is distributed throughout the body's universe of cells. Yes, we do think with our hearts, brains, muscles, blood and bones.During a single crucial three-week period during our teenage years, chemical activity in the brain is cut in half. That done, we are "biologically wired" with what one of the nation's leading brain researchers calls our own "world view". He says it is impossible for any two people to see the world exactly alike. So unique is the personal experience that people would understand the world differently.However, it is not only possible to change your world view, he says, it's actually easier than overcoming a drug habit. But you need a discipline for doing it. Hence, the method recommended here.No, it's not a curriculum in the sense that an MBA is. But the latest research seems to imply that without the software of emotional maturity and self-knowledge, the hardware of academic training alone is worth less and less.It turns out that a scientist can see the future by watching four-year-olds interact with a piece of candy. The researcher invites the children, one by one, into a plain room and begins the gentle torture. You can have this piece of candy right now, he says. But if you wait while I leave the room for a while, you can have two pieces of candy when I get back. And then he leaves.Some children grab for the treat the minute he's out the door. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait. They cover their eyes; they put their heads down; they sing to themselves; they try to play games or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, he gives these children their hard-earned pieces of candy. And then, science waits for them to grow up.By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has happened.A survey of the children's parents and teachers found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for the second piece of candy generally grew up to be better adjusted, more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers.The children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and inflexible. They could not endure stress and shied away from challenges.When we think of brilliance we see Einstein, a thinking machine with skin and mismatched socks. High achievers, we imagine, were wired for greatness from birth. But then you have to wonder why, over time, natural talent seems to waken in some people and dim in others. This is where the candy comes in. It seems that the ability to delay reward is a master skill, a triumph of the logical brain over the irresponsible one. It is a sign, in short, of emotional intelligence. And it doesn't show up on an IQ test.For most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware of the brain and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heart were left to the poets. But brain theory could simply not explain the questions we wonder about most: why some people just seem to have a gift for living well; why the smartest kid in the class will probably not end up the richest; why we like some people virtually on sight and distrust others; why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resistant soul. What qualities of the mind or spirit, in short, determine who succeeds?The phrase "emotional intelligence" was coined by researchers five years ago to describe qualities like understanding one's own feelings, sympathy for the feelings of others and "the regulation of emotion in a way that enhances living". This notion is about to bound into the national conversation, conveniently shortened to EQ, thanks to a new book, Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman. Goleman has brought together a decade's worth of research into how the mind processes feelings. His goal, he announces on the cover, is to redefine what it means to be smart. His theory: when it comes to predicting people's success, brain capacity as measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as "character".At first glance, there would seem to be little that's new here. There may be no less original idea than the notion that our hearts have authority over our heads. "I was so angry," we say, "I couldn't think straight." Neither is it surprising that "people skills" are useful, which amounts to saying it's good to be nice. But if it were that simple, the book would not be quite so interesting or its implications so controversial.This is no abstract investigation. Goleman is looking for methods to restore "politeness to our streets and caring in our community life". He sees practical applications everywhere for how companies should decide whom to hire, how couples can increase the odds that their marriages will last, how parents should raise their children and how schools should teach them. When street gangs substitute for familiesand schoolyard insults end in knife attacks, when more than half of marriages end in divorce, when the majority of the children murdered in this country are killed by their parents, many of whom say they were trying to discipline the child for behavior like blocking the TV or crying too much, it suggests a demand for basic emotional education.And it is here the arguments will break out. While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, they fear that a notion as handy as EQ invites misuse. "People have a variety of emotion," argues Harvard psychology professor Jerome Kagan. "Some people handle anger well but can't handle fear. Some people can't take joy. So each emotion has to be viewed differently." EQ is not the opposite of IQ. Some people are blessed with a lot of both, but some with little of either. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together; how one's ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from social class to luck.Unit 10课文翻译员工对公司最有价值的贡献是什么，是知识还是判断力？我说是判断力。