2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题.doc

2016 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学（三）试题完整版一、选择题:1～8 小题，每小题 4 分，共 32 分.下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答．题．纸．指定位置上.1、设函数 f (x ) 在(∞+ ,∞−) 内连续，其导函数的图形如图所示，则()A.函数()f x 有2个极值点，曲线()y f x =有2个拐点.B.函数()f x 有2个极值点，曲线()y f x =有3个拐点.C.函数()f x 有3个极值点，曲线()y f x =有1个拐点.D.函数()f x 有3个极值点，曲线()y f x =有2个拐点.2、已知函数(,)xe f x y x y=-，则（）A.0x y f f ''-= B.0x y f f ''+=C.x y f f f''-= D.x y f f f ''+=3、设3(1,2,3)i k D J x ydxdy i =-=⎰⎰，其中{}1(,)01,01D x y x y =≤≤≤≤，{}2(,)01,0D x y x y x =≤≤≤≤{}23(,)01,1D x y x x y =≤≤≤≤则（）A.123J J J << B.312J J J <<C.231J J J << D.213J J J <<4、级数为111()sin()1n n k n n ∞=-++∑（k 为常数）（）A.绝对收敛B.条件收敛C.发散D.收敛性与k 有关5、设,A B 是可逆矩阵，且A 与B 相似，则下列结论错误的是（）A.T A 与T B 相似B.1A -与1B -相似C.T A A +与T B B +相似D.1A A -+与1B B -+相似6、设二次型222123123122313(,,)()222f x x x a x x x x x x x x x =+++++的正负惯性指数分别为1,2，则（）A.1a >B.2a <-C.21a -<< D.1a =或2a =-7、设,A B 为两个随机事件，且0()1,0()1P A P B <<<<，如果()1P A B =，则（）A.()1P B A = B.()0P A B =C.()1P A B ⋃= D.()1P B A =8、设随机变量X 与Y 相互独立，且~(1,2),~(1,4)X N Y N ，则()D XY =（）A.6 B.8 C.14 D.15二、填空题：9～14小题,每小题4分,共24分.请将答案写在答题纸．．．指定位置上.9、已知函数()f x 满足301()sin 21lim 21x x f x x e →+-=-，则0l im ()x f x →=__________.10、极限2112lim (sin 2sin sin )n n n n n n n→∞+++= ___________.11、设函数(,)f u v 可微，(,)z z x y =由方程22(1)(,)x z y x f x z y +-=-确定，则(0,1)|dz =__________.12、设{(,)|||1,11}D x y x y x =≤≤-≤≤，则22y D x e dxdy -=⎰⎰___________.13、行列式1000100014321λλλλ--=-+_________.14、设袋中有红、白、黑球各1个，从中有放回地取球，每次取1个，直到三种颜色的球都取到时停止，则取球次数恰好为4的概率为__________.三、解答题：15～23小题,共94分.请将解答写在答题纸．．．指定位置上.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15、（本题满分10分）求极限410l im(cos 22sin 1)x x x x x →+-。

2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题******************************************************************************************** 学科、专业名称：无机化学、分析化学、有机化学、物理化学、高分子化学与物理研究方向：考试科目名称：710无机化学 一、选择题 (选择一个正确答案，每小题3分，20题共 60分)1. 几何形状是平面三角形的分子或离子是………………………………………………… （ ）(A) SO 3 (B) -23SO (C) -3CH (D) PH 32. 反应A + B C ，焓变小于零，若温度升高10℃，其结果是………………………… （ ）(A) 对反应没有影响 (B) 使平衡常数增大一倍(C) 不改变反应速率 (D) 使平衡常数减小3. 0.20 mol dm -3甲酸溶液中3.2 %的甲酸已电离，它的电离常数是…………………… （ ）(A) 9.6 ⨯ 10-3 (B) 2.1 ⨯ 10-4(C) 1.25 ⨯ 10-6 (D) 4.8 ⨯ 10-54. 下列各混合溶液中，具有缓冲作用的是……………………………………………………（ ）(A) HCl (1 mol dm -3) + NaAc (2 mol dm -3)(B) NaOH (1 mol dm -3) + NH 3 (1 mol dm -3)(C) HCl (1 mol dm -3) + NaCl (1 mol dm -3)(D) NaOH (1 mol dm -3) + NaCl (1 mol dm -3)5．下列电子构型的原子中， 第一电离能最小的是……………………………………… （ ） (A) ns 2np 3 (B) ns 2np 4 (C) ns 2np 5 (D) ns 2np6 6． BaSO 4的相对分子质量为233，K sp =1.0 ⨯ 10-10，把1.0 mmol 的BaSO 4配成10 dm 3溶液，BaSO 4没有溶解的量是……………………………………………………………………… （ ）(A) 0.0021 g (B) 0.021 g (C) 0.21 g (D) 2.1 g7. 按分子轨道理论，O 2、22O -、+2O 的键级由大到小的顺序是……………………………（ ）(A) O 2 >+2O >-22O(B) +2O > O 2 >-22O (C)-22O > O 2 >+2O (D) +2O >-22O > O 2 8. 下列分子中存在单电子π 键的是………………………………………………………… （ ）(A) CO (B) NO (C) B 2 (D) NO +9. 向原电池 Zn │Zn 2+(1 mol dm -3)‖Cu 2+(1 mol dm -3)│Cu 的正极中通入H 2S 气体，则电池的电动势将…………………………………………………………………………………… （ ）(A) 增大 (B) 减小 (C) 不变 (D) 无法判断考试科目：无机化学 共4页，第1页 10. 670 K 时H 2(g) + D 2(g)2HD(g) 的平衡常数0K = 3.78 ， 同温下反应HD21H 2 +21D 2的0K 为……………………………………… （ ） (A) 0.514 (B) 0.265 (C) 1.94 (D) 0.13311. 下列八面体或正方形配合物中心原子的配位数有错误的是………………………… （ ）(A) [PtNH 2NO 2(NH 3)2] (B) [Co(NO 2)2(en)2Cl 2](C) K 2[Fe(CN)5(NO)] (D) [PtCl(Br)(Py)(NH 3)]12. 在水溶液中共轭酸碱对K a 与K b 的关系是…………………………………………… （ ）(A) K a K b =1 (B) K a K b =K w(C) K a /K b =K w (D) K b /K a =K w13. 为清洗由于盛AgNO 3溶液产生的棕黑色污垢，应选用……………………………… （ ）(A) HCl (B) HNO 3 (C) H 2SO 4 (D) NaOH 14. 某元素位于周期表中36号元素之前，失去3个电子后，在角量子数为2的轨道上刚好半充满， 该元素为………………………………………………………………………… （ ）(A) 铬 (B) 钌 (C) 砷 (D) 铁15. 在一个多电子原子中，具有下列各套量子数(n ，l ，m ，m s )的电子，能量最大的是………………………………………………………………………………………… （ ）(A) 3，2，+1，+21(B) 2，1，+1，-21 (C) 3，1，0，-21 (D) 3，1，-1，+2116. 已知反应（1）2MnO 2(s) = 2MnO(s) + O 2(g) 的01r m H ∆和反应（2）MnO 2(s) + Mn(s) =2MnO(s) 的02r m H ∆，则0f m H ∆ (MnO 2,s)等于………………………………………（ ）(A) 01r m H ∆+02r m H ∆ (B) 01r m H ∆-02r m H ∆(C) 202r m H ∆-01r m H ∆ (D) 02r m H ∆-01r m H ∆ 17. 钒的电势图为V(V)+ 1.00 V V(IV) + 0.36 V V(III) V -0.25V(II) 已知：0ϕ (Zn 2+/Zn) = -0.76 V ，0ϕ (Sn 4+/Sn 2+) = + 0.15 V0ϕ (Fe 3+/Fe 2+) = +0.77 V ，0ϕ (S/H 2S) = +0.14 V欲将V(V) 还原到V(IV)，在下列还原剂中应选用…………………………………… （ ）(A) FeSO 4 (B) Zn (C) SnCl 2 (D) H 2S18. 下列储存试剂的方法中错误的是……………………………………………………… （ ）(A) P 2O 5存放于干燥器中 (B) SnCl 2密封于棕色玻璃瓶中(C) NH 4F 密封于棕色玻璃瓶中 (D) KOH 密封于塑料瓶中19. 下列硫化物中，颜色为黄色的是：……………………………………………………… （ ）(A) ZnS (B) CdS (C) MnS (D) Sb 2S 320. 在周期表中，氡(Rn)下面一个未发现的同族元素的原子序数应该是………………… （ ）(A) 116 (B) 120 (C) 118 (D) 117考试科目：无机化学 共4页，第2页 二、填空题 (共8题，每空1分，共 30分)1. 对吸热反应，请填写下面的空格：化学反应条件的改变对E ，k ，K 的影响 活化能E a 速率常数k 平衡常数K 升高温度加正催化剂2. 25 o C 时, 在 30.0 dm 3容器中装有混合气体, 其总压力为 600 kPa, 若组分气体 A 为3.00 mol, 则: A 的分压 p A = ___________________kPa 。

2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）******************************************************************************* 学科、专业名称：外国语言文学研究方向：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试考试科目代码：706考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The Olympic Games were watched by ___ billions of people around the world.A. virtuallyB. literallyC. deliberatelyD. appropriately2. In a materialistic and ____ society people’s int erest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit.A. adaptiveB. addictiveC. acquisitiveD. arrogant3. I found it difficult to ___ my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.A. intensifyB. reconcileC. consolidateD. amend4. Both dog's diet and structure are ___ to those of the human being, and so it has been the subject of countless demonstrations and experiments.A. comparableB. comparativeC. equalD. contrary5. We need one hundred more signatures before we take the ___ to the governor.A. pleaB. petitionC. patentD. claim6. Due to sluggish market conditions, the factory's workforce has ___ from over 4000 to a few hundred.A. proclaimedB. dwindledC. repressedD. indulged7. Like most other American companies with a rigid ___, workers and managers have strictly defined duties.A. vitalityB. jurisdictionC. hierarchyD. bureaucracy8. It is required that during the process, great care has to be taken to protect the ___ silk from damage.A. sensitiveB. sensibleC. tenderD. delicate9. Poverty and domestic violence make it easy for her to trust that bad things will happen and take。

13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]for[D]if14.[A]obtain[B]follow[C]challenge[D]avoid15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed16.[A]wherever[B]however[C]whenever[D]whatever17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed18.[A]divided[B]invested[C]donated[D]withdrawn19.[A]clears[B]warms[C]shows[D]breaks20.[A]while[B]so what[C]once[D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman.Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that”incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives.They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health.That’s a start.And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health–as some have done.It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls,about the social tape–measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans,if fully enforced,would suggest to woman(and many men)that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty.And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing.Under the law,using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a$85,000fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.In Denmark,the United States,and a few other countries,it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions,Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age,health,and other characteristics of models.The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states,we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals,especially on young people.The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week,which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute.But in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step.Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21.According to the first paragraph,what would happen in France?[A]Physical beauty would be redefined[B]New runways would be constructed[C]Websites about dieting would thrive[D]The fashion industry would decline22.The phrase“impinging on”(Line2Para2)is closest in meaning to[A]heightening the value of[B]indicating the state of[C]losing faith in[D]doing harm to23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A]The French measures have already failed[B]New standards are being set in Denmark[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]setting perfect physical conditions[B]caring too much about models’character[C]showing little concern for health factors[D]pursuing a high age threshold for models25.Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A]A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C]Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country.In Britain this has had a curious result.While polls show Britons rate“the countryside”alongside the royal family.Shakespeare and the National Health Service(NHS)as what make them proudest of their country,this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”.It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air”.Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts.They don’t make countryside any more,and every year concrete consumes more of it.It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off–plan”building where local people might object.The concept of sustainable development has been defined as bour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development.The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensingits chance,has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that“housing crisis”equals “concreted meadows”is pure lobby talk.The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always, where to put them under lobby pressure,George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal.He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets.This is not a free market but a biased one.Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow.They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character.We do not ruin urban conservation areas.Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned,not let trip,After the Netherlands,Britain is Europe’s most crowed country.Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence,while still permitting low-density urban living.There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal,Spain or Ireland.Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A]is not well reflected in politics[B]is fully backed by the royal family[C]didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D]has brought much benefit to the NHS27.According to paragraph2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A]largely overshadowed[B]properly protected[C]effectively reinforced[D]gradually destroyed28.Which of the following can be offered from paragraph3[A]Labour is under attack for opposing development[B]The Conservatives may abandon“off-plan”building[C]Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D]The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29.The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A]shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B]stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C]highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D]reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30.In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A]the size of population in Britain[B]the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C]the town-and-country planning in Britain[D]the political life in today’s BritainText3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business”wrote Milton Friedman,a Nobel Prize-winning economist“That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR)policies as a waste of shareholders’s money,things may not be absolutely clear-act.New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than$15billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG,a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways.First,consumers may take CSR spending as a“signal”that a company’s products are of high quality.Second,customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps.And third,through a more diffuse“halo effect”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three.A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could beinfluenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence,rather than their CSR stand,that accounted for the leniency:Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all,the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits,they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR.“We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern,such as child labour,or increasing corporate giving by about20%result in fines that generally are40%lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.”says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect,rather than the other possible benefits,when they companies get into trouble with the law,evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31.The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32.According to Paragraph2,CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33.The expression“more lenient”(line2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34.When prosecutors evaluate a case,a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35.Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A]The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B]Companies’financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C]Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate.”Sometime in the future,”the paper’s publisher said back in2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside,there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print.The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper–printing presses, delivery trucks–isn’t just expensive;it’s excessive at a time when online–only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake,says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business,but only if they go about doing it the right way.“Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it,you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming.“It was seen as blunder,”he said.The move turned out to be foresighted.And if Peretti were incharge at the Times?”I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said“I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in.“So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said.“Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words,if you’re going to make a print product,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it.Which may be what the Times is doing already.Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly$500a year–more than twice as much as a digital–only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked.“But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes.In those situations,it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A]the increasing online and sales[B]the pressure from its investors[C]the complaints from its readers[D]the high cost of operation37.Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation,The Times should[A]make strategic adjustments[B]end the print sedition for good[C]seek new sources of leadership[D]aim for efficient management38.It can be inferred from paragraphs5and6that a”legacy product”[A]helps restore the glory of former times[B]is meant for the most loyal customers[C]will have the cost of printing reduced[D]expands the popularity of the paper39.Peretti believes that in a changing world[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C]aggressiveness better meets challenges[D]legacy businesses are becoming out dated40.which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A]shift to online newspapers all at once[B]Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C]keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D]Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET.(10point)[A]Create a new image of yourself[B]Decide if the time is right[C]Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment,the way you present yourself has an impact.This is especially true in the first impressions.According to research from Princeton University,people assess your competence,trustworthiness,and likeability in just a tenth of a second,solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for success”era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms have evolved and fragmented.In some settings,red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status;in other not so much.Plus,whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn.Chances are,your headshots are seen muchmore often now than a decade or two lennials,it seems,face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding.It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this?How do we know when to invest in an upgrade?And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals?Here are some tips:41_________________________As an executive coach,I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job,stepping into a new or more public role,or changing work environments.If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut,now may be a good time.If you’re not sure,ask for honest feedback from trusted friends,colleagues and professionals.Look for cues about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42________________________Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have.Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person,the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image.For another,it may be to be perceived as more approachable,or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising,maybe they want to look more“SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that)43________________________Look at your work environment like an anthropologist.What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status?Who are your most important audiences?How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves?The better you understand the cultural context,the more control you can have over your impact.44_______________________Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context.Hire a personal stylist,or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew.Try a hair stylist instead of a barber.Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend.It’s not as expensive as you might think.45________________________The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear.Instead,use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue.Pick a standard workuniform or a few go-to options.Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone,one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Mental health is our birthright.(46)we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy,it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend,a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned,only reawakened.It is like immune system of the body,which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened,but which never leaves us.When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it,mental health will remain hidden from us.(47)Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere;like the sun behind a cloud,it can be temporarily hidden from view,but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem–confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense.It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously,to laugh at ourselves,to see the bigger picture,and to see that things will work out.It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism.(48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles,with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems,resolving conflict,making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life,or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier.It gives us patience for ourselves.And toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice,we think of it simply as a healthand helpful flow of intelligent thought.(50)As you will come to see,knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university.Write a notice of about100words.Providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following pictures In your essay,you should1)describe the pictures briefly2)interpret the meaning,and3)give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the e Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10points)1、【答案】[B]as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，“择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友”显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as表示并列关系。

2016研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__198 0s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ pray ers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in h oly water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily ma rried and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife' s parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in thatSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that ―incite excessive thinness‖ by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:‖We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people‖. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame methodof compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Websites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase ―impinging on‖(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of【B】indicating the state of【C】losing faith in【D】doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry？【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standards are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for【A】pursuing perfect physical conditions【B】caring too much about model’s character.【C】showing little concern for health factors【D】setting a high age threshold for models.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?【A】A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals【B】A Dilemma for the Starving models in France【C】Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty【D】The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate‖the countryside‖alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save―the beauty of natural places for everyone forever‖. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience―a refreshing air .‖Hill’s pressure late r led to creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.The conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authori sing―off-plan‖building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that‖housing crisis‖equals―concrete d meadows‖ is pure lobby talk. T he issue is not the need for more houses but, as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets . This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative --- the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] has brought much benefit to the NHS.[B] didn’t start till the S hakespearean age.[C] is fully backed by the royal family.[D] is not well reflected in politics.27. According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] gradually destroyed.[B] effectively reinforced.[C] properly protected.[D] largely overshadowed.28. which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.[B] the C onservatives may abandon ‖off -plan― building.[C] the Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D] labour is under attack for opposing development.29. the author holds that George Os borne’s preference[A] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.[D] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.30. In the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain.[B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain.[D] the political life in today is Britain.Text 3―There is on and only one social responsibility of business,‖ wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economi st, ―That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.‖ But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolute ly clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a ―signa l‖that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indir ect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And thir d, through a more diffuse ―halo effect,‖ whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because co nsumers can be affected by all three. Al recent study attempts to separate them by loo king at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). I t argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their i nvestigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CS R programms tended to get more lenient penalties,. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’sPolitical influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies thatcontributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. ―We estim ate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern , such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving byabout20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials‖, says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much business es ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on th e halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-goodin g policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them less costly punishment.31.The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with【A】tolerance.【B】skepticism.【C】uncertainty.【D】approval.32.According to Paragraph 2,CSR helps a company by【A】winning trust from consumers.【B】guarding it against malpractices.【C】protecting it from being defamed.【D】raising the quality of its products.33. The expression ―more lenient ‖(line 2,para.4)is closest in meaning to【A】more effective【B】less controversial【C】less severe【D】more lasting34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR regard【A】has an impact on their decision【B】comes across as reliable evidence【C】increases the chance of being penalized【D】constitutes part of the investigation35.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?【A】 Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.【B】 The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.【C】Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.【D】 It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.Text 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future”, the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper — printing presses, delivery trucks —isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time whe n online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers aremigrating away from print away. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.”Fighting out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense of them,”he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example seen as a blunder,”he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like the y were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. ―So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,‖Peretti said. ―Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.‖In other words, if you’re going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which way be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.―It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,‖Peretti remarked.“But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive. ”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the pressure from its investors.[B]the complaints from its readers.[C]the high cost of operation.[D]the increasing online ad sales.37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should[A]make strategic adjustments[B]end the print edition for good.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38. It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product”[A]will have the cost of printing reduced.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]helps restore the glory of former times.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39. Peretti believes that, in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[C]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.[B]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.[C]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.[D]Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)[A]Create a new image of yourself[B]Decide if the time is right[C]Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Know your goals[G]Make it efficientNo matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the―dress for succes s‖ era is that the range of optio ns is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;41.As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions---when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no n eed for an upgrade and that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your imag e or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable,or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more―SoHo‖.(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43.Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time passing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part C TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, inculture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart ADirections:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use ―Li Ming ‖ instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture.in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET . (20 points)。

2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A）********************************************************************************************招生专业与代码：电影135104考试科目名称及代码：电影专业创作839考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

答题时长：180分钟；满分150分。

创作题（2题中选做1题，每小题150分，共150分，多选不计分；电影创作方向选做第1题，影视动画创作方向选做第2题。

）1. 根据如下材料设计一个电影剧本，要求把三则材料的内容糅合到一个故事当中。

包括：（1）人物小传。

（30分）（2）一句话故事梗概。

（10分）（3）故事大纲，1500字左右。

（60分）（4）创作阐释，要求在导演、编剧、摄影、剪辑等创作手法中任选一种，阐释创作理念。

（50分）材料如下：（1）18441名大妈跳起改编版的广场舞《小苹果》，创造世界最大规模排舞纪录。

（2）某地因采煤出现大面积“悬空村”，地缝能掉进骡子。

（3）电话诈骗团伙藏奢华别墅内作案，每晚就电话录音进行点评，提高业务能力。

2. 阅读以下材料，完成一个角色的造型设计（提供不少于三个面的旋转图，其中，附加背景、道具的设计不设分，仅作参考）。

画面需着色，并附简明创作阐述，构图形式与表现工具不限。

《太空飞蝇的花城美食之旅》在未来，厨师属于艺术家的范畴，米奇蝇就是这样一位来自火星的美食艺术家。

它头上顶着一个别致的大厨帽，身着全金属外壳，因此雷雨天容易被雷电击中。

精致透明的翅膀为它提供太阳能电源，但是没有太阳的时候，它就不能飞翔，得充电。

可是火星与地球的电源接口不匹配，它只好把前翅伸进电源插板里充电，为此吃了不少苦头：因为电压太高，经常把自己烧焦。

不过毕竟是太空苍蝇，它具有自我修复功能。

米奇蝇是一只受过特殊训练的“美食密探”，在火星是一位资深的美食评论家。

2016年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题********************************************************************************************学科、专业名称： 应用化学 化学工程 研究方向：考试科目名称：普通化学考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

一、选择题 (选择一个正确答案，每小题3分，20小题共 60分)1. 某一电子有下列成套量子数(n 、l 、m 、m s )，其中不可能存在的是………………………（ ） A. 3，2，2，1/2 B. 3，1，-1，1/2 C. 1，0，0，-1/2 D. 2，-1，0，1/22. 共价键最可能存在于…………………………………………………………………………（ ）A. 非金属原子之间B. 金属原子之间C. 非金属原子和金属原子之间D. 电负性相差很大的元素原子之间3. 对于一个反键分子轨道，下列叙述中正确的是……………………………………………（ ）A. 它不能有电子占有B. 它的能级比所在分子中所有成键分子轨道的能级都高C. 它的能级比相应的原子轨道能级高D. 有电子进入反键轨道就不能形成有一定稳定性的分子4. 下列不是共轭酸碱对的是……………………………………………………………………（ ）A. +4NH NH 3 B. HF H 2F +C. -2NH NH 3 D. H 3O + OH -5. 下列化合物中，其水溶液的pH 最高的是…………………………………………………（ ） A. NaCl B. Na 2CO 3 C. NH 4ClD. NaHCO 36. 已知CaCO 3和PbI 2的K sp 均接近1×10-8，在两者的饱和溶液中…………………………（ ）A. [Pb 2+]＞[Ca 2+]B. [Pb 2+]＜[Ca 2+]C. [Pb 2+]=[Ca 2+]D. [Pb 2+]=2[Ca 2+]7. 可逆反应，当温度由T 1升至T 2时，平衡常数θ1K <θ2K ，则该反应的………………………（ ） A. θm r H ∆>0B. θm r H ∆<0C. θm r H ∆=0D. 无法判断考试科目：无机化学 共4页，第1页考试科目：无机化学共4页，第2页考试科目：无机化学共4页，第3页考试科目：无机化学共4页，第4页。

2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
******************************************************************************************** 学科、专业名称：无机化学、分析化学、有机化学、物理化学、高分子化学与物理、应用化学
研究方向：各个方向
考试科目：812有机化学A 共5 页，第 1 页
考试科目：812有机化学A 共5 页，第2 页
考试科目：812有机化学A 共5页，第3 页
考试科目：812有机化学A 共5 页，第4 页
共5 页，第5 页
2016年浙江师范大学硕士研究生招生复试
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审查结论：该考生已／未通过2016年研究生招生考试资格审查，（）同意其参加复试。

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2016年
月日。

2016年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题********************************************************************************************招生专业与代码：汉语国际教育硕士（专业学位）考试科目名称：445汉语国际教育基础 A卷考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

一、中外文化及跨文化交际基础知识（80分）（一）填空题（30小题，每题1空，每空1分，共30分）1.西周宗法制度的创立者是。

2.德国学者雅斯贝尔斯将称为中国文化的“轴心时代”。

3.所谓“书同文”，是指李斯创制出的一种人称“”的形体匀圆齐整、笔画简略的新文字，作为官方文字而颁行全国。

4.董仲舒在《春秋繁露》中主要阐述了“”、“阴阳五行”、“三统”循环等学说。

5.魏晋六朝是中国绘画的形成期，兴起“以形写神”的人物画，以为代表。

6.明代张载认为治学的目的是“为天地立心，，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平”。

7.“信”字从人从言，意味人言必有“信”，这种组字方法为“”。

8.唐宋以后的书院允许不同学派互相讲学，学者往来问学，所建立的“”制度，成为学术交流的重要形式。

9.晚清时的是第一个在哈佛大学教授中文的中国教师。

10.伊斯兰教的两个主要教派是和什叶派。

11.《》为先秦散文“叙事之最”，标志着我国叙事散文的成熟。

12.是汉灵帝光和元年（１７８）在洛阳设立的皇家学校，专门培养文学和艺术人才，为历史上的首创。

13.司马迁修史的宗旨是“究天人之际，通古今之变，”。

14.在汉末和魏晋南北朝时期，佛经大量译成中文。

许多佛经的译本具有文学性，1 / 6比如鸠摩罗什译《》。

15.“文起八代之衰，而道济天下之溺；忠犯人主之怒，而勇夺三军之帅”，这是北宋文学家苏轼对的总结和评价。

16.唱词“原来姹紫嫣红开遍，似这般都付与断井颓垣。

良辰美景奈何天，赏心乐事谁家院！”出自《》。

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2016年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试自命题试题********************************************************************************************学科与专业名称：管理科学与工程考试科目代码与名称：827，管理学、运筹学考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。

第一部分：管理学部分一、单项选择题（5题×3分，共15分）1.决定一个组织经济效益大小和资源效率高低的首要条件是（），其手段都是管理。

A、对人的合理利用B、科学技术的高度应用C、资源的最优配置和最优利用D、资金的合理流动2.某企业生产同种产品有三种方案可供选择，已知各方案的固定成本和单位变动成本分别为：甲方案5000和100；乙方案15000和60；丙方案25000和40，目前企业的产量可以达到610，那么企业应该选择（）才能实现成本最低。

A、甲方案B、乙方案C、丙方案D、无法确定3.如果企业进行小批量产品的生产，那么，它需要根据顾客的要求进行设计、生产，对企业人员技术水平要求较高，这种企业适于采用（）组织形式。

A、集权式B、分权式C、均权式D、不确定4.以下哪种现象不能在需要层次理论中得到合理的解释（）A、一个饥饿的人会冒着生命危险去寻找食物B、穷人很少参加排场讲究的社交活动C、在陋室中苦攻“哥德巴赫猜想”的陈景润D、一个安全需要占主导地位的人，可能因为担心失败而拒绝接受富于挑战性的工作5.人们常说，身体是“三分治七分养”，对于这件事（）。

A、反馈控制比前馈控制更重要B、现场控制比反馈控制更重要C、反馈控制比现场控制更重要D、前馈控制比反馈控制更重要二、判断题（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”；5题×2分，共10分）1.根据强化理论，职工努力工作是为了避免不希望得到的结果，这就是正强化（）2.大批量生产的企业生产专业化程度较高,产品品种少,主要进行标准化生产,对职工技术要求相对较低,适于采用分权式组织形式。

2016考研真题完整版数学（一）一、选择题：1～8小题，每小题4分，共32分，下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求的，请将所选项前的字母填在答题纸．．．指定位置上. （1）若反常积分()11badx x x +∞+⎰收敛，则（ ）()()()()11111111A a bB a bC a a bD a a b <>>><+>>+>且且且且（2）已知函数()()21,1ln ,1x x f x x x -<⎧⎪=⎨≥⎪⎩，则()f x 的一个原函数是（ ）()()()()()()()()()()()()()()()()22221,11,1ln 1,1ln 11,11,11,1ln 11,1ln 11,1x x x x A F x B F x x x x x x x x x x x C F x D F x x x x x x x ⎧⎧-<-<⎪⎪==⎨⎨-≥+-≥⎪⎪⎩⎩⎧⎧-<-<⎪⎪==⎨⎨++≥-+≥⎪⎪⎩⎩（3）若()()222211y xy x=+=+是微分方程()()y p x y q x '+=的两个解，则()q x =（ ）()()()()()()2222313111xx A x x B x x C D x x +-+-++（4）已知函数(),0111,,1,2,1x x f x x n n n n ≤⎧⎪=⎨<≤=⎪+⎩，则（ ）（A ）0x =是()f x 的第一类间断点 （B ）0x =是()f x 的第二类间断点 （C ）()f x 在0x =处连续但不可导 （D ）()f x 在0x =处可导 （5）设A ，B 是可逆矩阵，且A 与B 相似，则下列结论错误的是（ ） （A ）TA 与TB 相似 （B ）1A -与1B -相似 （C ）TA A +与TB B +相似 （D ）1A A -+与1B B -+相似（6）设二次型()222123123121323,,444f x x x x x x x x x x x x =+++++，则()123,,2f x x x =在空间直角坐标下表示的二次曲面为（ ）（A ）单叶双曲面 （B ）双叶双曲面 （C ）椭球面 （C ）柱面（7）设随机变量()()0,~2>σσμN X ，记{}2σμ+≤=X P p ，则（ ）（A ）p 随着μ的增加而增加 （B ）p 随着σ的增加而增加 （C ）p 随着μ的增加而减少 （D ）p 随着σ的增加而减少（8）随机试验E 有三种两两不相容的结果321,,A A A ，且三种结果发生的概率均为31，将试验E 独立重复做2次，X 表示2次试验中结果1A 发生的次数，Y 表示2次试验中结果2A 发生的次数，则X 与Y 的相关系数为（ ）二、填空题：9-14小题，每小题4分，共24分，请将答案写在答题纸．．．指定位置上. （9）()__________cos 1sin 1ln lim2=-+⎰→x dt t t t xx（10）向量场()()zk xyj i z y x z y x A ++++=,,的旋度_________=rotA（11）设函数()v u f ,可微，()y x z z ,=由方程()()y z x f x y z x ,122-=-+确定，则()_________1,0=dz（12）设函数()21arctan axxx x f +-=，且()10''=f ，则________=a （13）行列式1000100014321λλλλ--=-+____________.（14）设12,,...,n x x x 为来自总体()2,N μσ的简单随机样本，样本均值9.5x =，参数μ的置信度为0.95的双侧置信区间的置信上限为10.8，则μ的置信度为0.95的双侧置信区间为______.三、解答题：15—23小题，共94分.请将解答写在答题纸．．．指定位置上.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.（15）（本题满分10分）已知平面区域()(),221cos ,22D r r ππθθθ⎧⎫=≤≤+-≤≤⎨⎬⎩⎭，计算二重积分Dxdxdy ⎰⎰.（16）（本题满分10分）设函数()y x 满足方程'''20,y y ky ++=其中01k <<.()I 证明：反常积分0()y x dx +∞⎰收敛；()II 若'(0)1,(0)1,y y ==求0()y x dx +∞⎰的值.（17）（本题满分10分）设函数(,)f x y 满足2(,)(21),x y f x y x e x-∂=+∂且(0,)1,tf y y L =+是从点(0,0)到点(1,)t 的光滑曲线，计算曲线积分(,)(,)()tL f x y f x y I t dx dy x y∂∂=+∂∂⎰，并求()I t 的最小值（18）设有界区域Ω由平面222=++z y x 与三个坐标平面围成，∑为Ω整个表面的外侧，计算曲面积分()zdxdyydzdx dydz xI 3212+-+=⎰⎰∑（19）（本题满分10分）已知函数()f x 可导，且(0)1f =，10'()2f x <<，设数列{}n x 满足1()(1,2...)n n x f x n +==，证明： （I ）级数11()n n n xx ∞+=-∑绝对收敛；（II ）lim n n x →∞存在，且0lim 2n n x →∞<<.（20）（本题满分11分）设矩阵1112221,11112A a B a a a --⎛⎫⎛⎫⎪⎪== ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪----⎝⎭⎝⎭当a 为何值时，方程AXB =无解、有唯一解、有无穷多解？（21）（本题满分11分）已知矩阵011230000A -⎛⎫⎪=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭（I ）求99A（II ）设3阶矩阵23(,,)B ααα=满足2B BA =，记100123(,,)B βββ=将123,,βββ分别表示为123,,ααα的线性组合。