[配套K12]2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 1 Lifestyles教师用书 北师大版必修1

Unit 1 A land of diversity[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516335)1．She was hired (hire) on the strength of her computer skills.2．The majority of the interviewees prefer (prefer) watching TV at home to going to the cinema.3．She became the first black woman to be elected (elect) to the Senate.4．It suddenly occurred to him that he should adopt the homeless child.5．We should not have racial (race) discrimination.6．I wish to be considered as an applicant (apply) for the position.7．Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive punishment (punish)．8．The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class, interrupted our heated discussion.9．Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.10．Great changes have taken place since our country reformed (reform) and opened to the outside world 30 years ago.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516336)1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam. has→have 2．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him. 去掉were3．A great many of houses were knocked down in the earthquake. 去掉of4．We regret to inform you that our company has hired on another girl for the job of secretary. 去掉on5．Having punished by his boss, he was in a very bad mood.Having后加been Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516337)1．人们相信，未来越来越多的人将飞向月球。

Unit 12 Culture Shock(B)Ⅰ.语法填空(2017·内蒙古四校统一测试)Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world.Kung fu， 1 (especial)，has had a great effect 2 the millions of people who first learned about China through it.From that，they may come to China and learn about some other 3 (aspect)of this culture.Other Asian nations have long known about the 4 (great)of ancient Chinese culture.Their own cultures are 5 mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics.Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism，something that continues today even as it 6 (challenge)by pop culture.This strength comes from the ideas 7 (give)in the Four Books of Confucianism，which built upon the ideas of an even 8 (much)ancient period codified(编纂)in the Five Classics.From them，the West learns 9 is uniquely Chinese，for example，Feng Shui.So far China has taken steps 10 (further)this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

Unit 4 Cyberspace(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·陕西省部分学校2018届第一学期摸底检测)A new study has found the amount of antibiotics(抗生素) given to farm animals is expected to increase by two­thirds over the next 15 years.Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs.However，the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotic­resistant infections(感染)．Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.The World Health Organization(WHO)notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困)，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money.For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat.With the rapid development of Asia，people there are eating nearly four times as much meat，milk and other milk products as they did 50 years ago.To meet the need，farmers have put many animals into smaller spaces.As the animals are crowded together，the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics.It's clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in crowded environments and grow faster.But bacteria call develop resistance to the drugs gradually.Nowadays，doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work.The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs.The heavy use of antibiotics in farm animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide.Each year in the United States，at least two million people get antibiotic ­resistant infections and at least 23，000 die from these infections.Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth.And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose. 【语篇解读】本文主要围绕在农场动物身上使用抗生素的负面影响展开。

Unit 19 Language[单词拼写应用] Ⅰ.考纲单词 - -会拼写、要识记1．nationwide adv. 全国性地2．thankful adj.为……感到快乐的；感谢的3．absence n. 缺乏；缺席4．enlarge vt.扩大5．adjust vt.调节；调整6．inform vt.告知 ,通知7．relative n. 亲戚 ,亲属8．fasten vt.束紧9．sincerely adv. 真诚地10．punctuation n. 标点符号11．constitution n. 宪法12．liberty n. 自由13．acquisition n. (语言)习得14．curriculum n. (学校的)课程15．adequate adj.足够的 ,充分的16．accelerate vi.& vt.加速17．explicit adj.明确的；清楚的18．resemble vt.与……相似；像19．transparent adj.透明的；清晰易辨的20．amateur adj.业余的Ⅱ.派生单词 - -能区分1．fluency n. 流畅度 ,流利度→fluent adj.流畅的2．accuracy n. 精确度 ,准确度→accurate adj.正确无误的3．surround vt.环绕 ,围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n. 环境4．announcement n. 通告；宣告→announce vt.通告；宣告5．congratulate vt.祝贺→congratulation n. 祝贺6．unconscious adj.无意的；不知不觉的→conscious adj.有意识的；有知觉的7．applicant n. 申请人→apply vt.申请→application n. 申请 ,请求8．punctual adj.准时的 ,守时的→punctually adv. 如期地 ,准时地9．negotiate vt.谈判；协商→negotiation n. 谈判；协商10．embarrass vt.使窘迫→embarrassed adj.令人难堪的 ,令人窘迫的→embarrassing adj.窘迫的→embarrassment n. 窘迫 ,难堪Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．My spoken English is not half as fluent(fluence) as yours.2．Accuracy(accurate) is more important than speed in his new job.3．The surrounding(surround) villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city. 4．They found him lying unconscious(conscious) on the floor when they broke in. 5．Allow me to offer my warm congratulations(congratulate) on the success of your troupe(表演团)．6．We are satisfied with the smoothness of the negotiation(negotiate)．7．He made the announcement(announce) in a speech on television.8．Many people have applied for the job.The applicants must hand in their applications by Friday.(apply)9．He was absent from the meeting.His absence made the problem more difficult.(absence)10．The question really embarrassed him.In other words ,the embarrassingquestion made him embarrassed．(embarrass)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回忆 - -会默写1．keep in mind 记住2．stand out 出色；突出3．get ahead 取得成功；获得进步4．rely on 依靠；依赖5．take the form of 以……的形式出现(存在) 6．adjust...to... 调整……以适应……7．inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事8．consist of 由……组成 ,构成9．catch on 学会；受欢送10．for ages 很久 ,很长时间11．congratulate sb. on sth.就某事向某人祝贺12．on purpose 成心地13．regardless of 不管；不顾14．on the other hand 另一方面15．I bet 我肯定16．more than 不仅仅；超过Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．On the one hand ,I want to sell the house ,but on the other hand I can't bear the thought of moving.2．The new fashion has caught on with young people after coming onto the market. 3．I asked him why he left out important information on purpose．4．Getting ahead at work is the most important thing to me at the moment. 5．On hearing the news ,I called them immediately to congratulate them on success. 6．The medical team consisting of five doctors and seven nurses has been sent to West Africa.7．Bella was in despair and felt she had no one to rely on in the world. 8．They were all attractive ,but she stood out from the others.9．Keep in mind that letting go is a state of mind and has nothing to do with your action.10．He kept us waiting for ages while he packed his luggage.11．For safety's sake ,don't drive more than 30 kilometers per hour in the city. 12．She is determined to do anything regardless of all consequences.[拓展联想]①purposely adv. 成心地 ,蓄意地②deliberately adv. 蓄意地；成心地③intentionally adv. 成心地 ,有意地④by design 成心地 ,有意地⑤on purpose 有目的地 ,有意地mind短语个个清①make up one's mind 下决心②bear/keep in mind 记住③change one's mind 改变主意④come to mind 突然记起或想到[句式结构仿写]教材原句 - -会背诵句式仿写 - -能应用1.It was predicted that..."据预测……〞It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 1.有人预测 ,未来几年云平台的使用将会翻三倍 .It is predicted that the use of cloud platforms could triple in the next couple of years.2. "whether...or...〞引导让步状语从句Quality input ensures qualityoutput ,whether it is speaking or writing. 2.无论明天下不下雨 ,我们都要去参观鸟巢 .We are going to pay a visit to the Bird's Nest tomorrow ,whether it rains or not.3.provided that引导条件状语从句Thirdly ,you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance. 3.只要情况允许 ,我们下周将举行会议 .Provided that circumstancespermit ,we shall hold the meeting next week.(对应学生用书第135页)精讲6个考纲单词absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席[教材原句] However ,learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而 ,没有英语语言环境 ,学英语是很难的 .(1)absence from... 缺席；离开absence of mind 心不在焉during/in one's absence＝during/in the absence of sb.在某人不在的时候(2)absent adj.缺席的；茫然的absent­minded adj.心不在焉的be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少①The decision was made in my absence.这个决定是我不在的时候作出的 .②His failure lies in his absence of mind.他的失败在于心不在焉 .③Tom was absent from school because he was ill.汤姆因病没去上学 .surround vt.&vi.包围；围绕[ (高|考)佳句]Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.(2021·福建 (高|考 )·阅读理解E)然后确保你周围的人都是支持你的 ,不要让消极的因素毁掉你的积极性 .(1)surround sb./sth. with sb./sth.使某人/物包围某人/物be surrounded by/with 被……包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n. 环境(指周围的具体的物质环境)①Surrounded by the sea on three sides ,modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in Chin ,被认为是中|国最|||宜居住的城市之一 .②Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings．只有这样我们才能生活在更舒适更美丽的环境里 .③The surrounding(surround) village have been absorbed by/into the growing city. 周围的村庄已经并入了那不断扩展的城市 .链接写作【导学号：33220069】(普通表达)Our village is surrounded with a lot of trees and it looks so peaceful.(高级|||表达)Surrounded with a lot of trees ,our village looks so peaceful.(用过去分词短语作状语)guarantee vt.保证；担保n．保证；保证书；抵押品[教材原句]Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.读前了解新闻的主要内容可以保证阅读英文时更透彻的理解 .(1)guarantee sb. against/from 保证某人免受(损伤或伤害)guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事guarantee that... 保证……be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事(2)under guarantee 在保修期内give sb. a guarantee (that...) 向某人保证(……)①I guarantee that this will not happen again.我保证此类事情不会再发生 .②We guarantee to deliver(deliver)your goods within a week.我们保证一周内到货 .③The car is less than a year old ,so it is still under guarantee.这辆车还没有一年 ,因此它在保修期内 .adjust vt.调节；调整；整理vi.适应[经典例句] If your employment status changes ,your tax code will be adjusted accordingly.(朗文辞典)如果就业状况改变 ,你的免税代码也会作相应调整 .(1)adjust to 适应于adjust (sth./oneself) to (doing) sth.使(某物/某人自己)适应(做)某事(2)adjustment n. 调整 ,调节 ,适应make an adjustment 作出调整要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言 .②My parents had trouble adjusting to living(live)in an apartment.我父母不习惯住公寓 .③We must adjust ourselves to the new life as soon as possible.我们必须尽快适应新生活 .inform vt.告知 ,通知[经典例句] I have been reliably informed that the couple will marry next year.(牛津词典)我得到可靠消息说他们俩将明年结婚 .(1)inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事inform sb. that... 告知某人……(2)informed adj.了解情况的；消息灵通的keep sb. informed of sth. 使某人知道某事①We regret to inform you that ,你的申请未被接受 .②We need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem.我们需要时间对这个问题有个透彻的了解 .③The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed (inform) of the programme's progress.老板要求秘书随时向他|报告方案的进展情况 .embarrass vt.使窘迫 ,使为难；使为难[经典例句] What embarrassed him was that he had no idea of what was going on. 对所发生的事情一无所知 ,这让他很难堪 .(1)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth.做某事使某人窘迫(2)embarrassed adj.难堪的 ,为难的be embarrassed at/about (对……)感到为难/为难(3)embarrassing adj.令人困窘的(4)embarrassment n. 困窘 ,困惑to one's embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思makes.(2021·浙江 (高|考 )·阅读理解A)秘密越是令人为难或者不体面 ,流言就会越刺激 .②It embarrasses me to meet(meet) the young man again ,for I misunderstood him.再次见到这个·轻人让我感到为难 ,因为我误会了他 .③Much to her embarrassment ,she realized that everyone was staring at her.当她意识到大家都盯着她看时 ,她感到很不好意思 .链接写作【导学号：33220070】他说的话使她在同学们面前很难堪 .①What he said makes her lose face in front of her classmates.②What he said makes her embarrassed in front of her classmates.诠释2个核心短语catch on学会；受欢送；流行起来；(与to连用)理解；被接受[一词多义] 写出以下句中catch on的含义①The new dance quickly caught on among the students.流行起来②Sometimes I don't catch on to your jokes. 理解③I think this novel will catch on well after it comes out.受欢送④If only this idea could catch on ,we should be able to make quite a lot of money out of it.被接受⑤He is very quick to catch on to things.学会catch one's attention 引起某人的注意；吸引某人catch up with 赶上catch hold of 抓住catch sight of 看见catch sb. doing sth. 发现(撞见)某人做某事⑥My sister caught hold of ,把我拉了回来 .⑦I caught my deskmate reading(read) my private letters.我的同桌在阅读我的私人信件时被我撞见了 .on the other hand另一方面[ (高|考 )佳句] Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.On the other hand ,it could just put you in debt.(2021·江西 (高|考 )·单项填空)开始你自己的事业可能是一种获得经济独立的方法 .另一方面 ,它可能将你置于债务之中 .on(the)one hand...on the other (hand)...一方面……另一方面……for one thing...for another...一方面……另一方面……(用于引出并列的理由)①On the one hand ,of course ,cars are useful.But on the other hand ,they causea huge amount of pollution.一方面来说 ,汽车当然很有用 ,但从另一方面来说 ,它们也造成了大量污染 .② -Why do you like reading?-For one thing ,reading can help to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons；for another ,it can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.- -你为什么喜欢读书 ?- -一方面 ,读书有助于提高我的写作技能 ,开阔我的视野；另一方面 ,又能丰富我的人生 ,为我提供很大的乐趣 .突破1个 (高|考 )句型(教材P12)Thirdly,you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.第三 ,你们说我只要预付款就有折扣 .provided that引导一个条件状语从句 ,意为 "如果 ,只要〞；provided可以换成providing ,that可省略 .与之同义的结构有：on condition that/only if/as long as/so long as/if/suppose (supposing) that/given that/assuming (assume) that等 .①So long as the price is right ,we'll buy everything you produce.只要价格合理 ,我们将采购你们所有的产品 .②Supposing that it rains ,can we play the match indoors ?要是下雨的话 ,我们在室内比赛行吗 ?③Given(give)that I have a knowledge of computer ,I won't trouble you with such small things.假设我懂电脑 ,我就不会用这些小事情麻烦你了 .链接写作【导学号：33220071】只要你多练习 ,你的英语口语就会提高 .①(普通表达)Your oral English is to be improved if you practise more.②(高级|||表达)Your oral English is to be improved provided/providing that you practise more.[多角快练] - -练单词练短语练句型 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -(对应学生用书第137页)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．If she wants to settle in London ,she must learn to adjust herself(she) to English life.2．Surrounded (surround) by a river ,the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it.3．It embarrassed her greatly to borrow (borrow) money from him again. 4．Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn't matter whether you have lived there for a short or a long time.5．It doesn't necessarily happen that you'll do well academically even if you're highly intelligent.6．I am sure we can help you solve the problem ,provided(provide) that you tell us all the necessary information.7．What is well known to us all is that Kobe has become one of the most popular NBA players.8．Please look after my house while I am absent from home.Ⅱ.单句改错1．It happened -whether by accident or by purpose -that the two of them were left alone after all the others had gone.第二个by→on2．If he will go there or not is not clear.If→Whether3．She was always calm and never seemed embarrassing.embarrassing→embarrassed4．He owed his success to the fact which he worked twice as long hours as other colleagues.which→that5．What impresses me most is that the little girl can speak English fluent.fluent→fluently(对应学生用书第138页)Ⅰ.课文语法填空请根据Lesson 1的课文 ,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 .It 1.was predicted(predict) as early as the 1700s that English would one daybe the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.The 2.growth(grow) of international companies and the great advances in communications have started the trend for learning English as a foreign language.In today's world ,3.being(be) able to speak more than one language ,4.including(include) English ,is how you stand out and get ahead.However ,learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in 5.the absence of a native language environment.Some 6.respected ( respect ) theories on language acquisition believe that 7.to attain (attain) a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language ,you need to be surrounded 8.by it.But sadly ,the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English­speaking country are small.9.Therefore ,most of us have to rely on 10.what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum.Ⅱ.写作改错双练请根据提示 ,运用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文 ,并改正学生习作 .1．老板不在期间 ,李华总是业务缠身 .(in the absence of ,be surrounded by)2．今天早上 ,他先是接到通知和一家重要公司谈判 ,然后他要去为一家新公司开业贺喜 .(be informed ,negotiate with ,be to do ,congratulate...on)3．不管愿不愿意 ,他都得尽其所能以确保顾客满意 .(whether...or not ,ensure)4．只要公司业务得以开展 ,他们的产品真正受欢送 ,他乐意让自己适应这种忙碌的生活 .(provided that ,get ahead ,catch on ,adjust oneself to)第|一步练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文 .第二步练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作 ,其中有5处错误 ,请你帮他纠正过来 .Surrounding by business, Li Hua is always busy in the absence of the boss. This morning, an order came he had to negotiate with an important company after then he was informed that he was to congratulate a new firm on it's opening. Whether he is willing or not, he would manage to ensure the guests are pleased. Provided that the business of their company gets ahead and their products really catch on, she is ready to adjust himself to such a busy life.【答案】Surrounding Surroundedby business, Li Hua is always busy in the absence of the boss. This morning, an order came ∧that he had to negotiate with an important company after andthen he was informed that he was to congratulate a new firm on it's itsopening. Whether he is willing or not, he would manage to ensure the guests are pleased. Provided thatthe business of their company gets ahead and their products really catch on, she heis ready to adjust himself to such a busy life.。