Cisco MPLS-TE 配置实例

cisco交换机配置实例教程cisco交换机配置实例教程1、在交换机上启动QOSSwitch(config)#mls qos //在交换机上启动QOS2、分别定义PC1(10.10.1.1)和PC2(10.10.2.1)访问控制列表Switch(config)#access-list 10 permit 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc1上行流量Switch(config)#access-list 100 permit any 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc1下行流量Switch(config)#access-list 11 permit 10.10.2.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc2上行流量Switch(config)#access-list 111 permit any 10.10.2.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc2下行流量class-map mach-all {name}match access-group 110policy-mapclass二、详细配置过程注：每个接口每个方向只支持一个策略;一个策略可以用于多个接口。

因此所有PC的下载速率的限制都应该定义在同一个策略(在本例子当中为policy-map user-down)，而PC不同速率的区分是在Class-map 分别定义。

1、在交换机上启动QOSSwitch(config)#mls qos //在交换机上启动QOS2、分别定义PC1(10.10.1.1)和PC2(10.10.2.1)访问控制列表Switch(config)#access-list 10 permit 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc1上行流量Switch(config)#access-list 100 permit any 10.10.1.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc1下行流量Switch(config)#access-list 11 permit 10.10.2.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc2上行流量Switch(config)#access-list 111 permit any 10.10.2.0 0.0.0.255 //控制pc2下行流量3、定义类，并和上面定义的访问控制列表绑定Switch(config)# class-map user1-up //定义PC1上行的类，并绑定访问列表10Switch(config-cmap)# match access-group 10Switch(config-cmap)# exitSwitch(config)# class-map user2-upSwitch(config-cmap)# match access-group 11 //定义PC2上行的类，并绑定访问列表10Switch(config-cmap)# exitSwitch(config)# class-map user1-downSwitch(config-cmap)# match access-group 100 //定义PC1下行的类，并绑定访问列表100Switch(config-cmap)# exitSwitch(config)# class-map user2-downSwitch(config-cmap)# match access-group 111 //定义PC2下行的类，并绑定访问列表111Switch(config-cmap)# exit4、定义策略，把上面定义的类绑定到该策略Switch(config)# policy-map user1-up //定义PC1上行的速率为1MSwitch(config-pmap)# class user1-upSwitch(config-pmap-c)# trust dscpSwitch(config-pmap-c)# police 1024000 1024000 exceed-action dropSwitch(config)# policy-map user2-up //定义PC2上行的速率为2MSwitch(config-pmap)# class user2-upSwitch(config-pmap-c)# trust dscpSwitch(config-pmap-c)# police 2048000 1024000 exceed-action dropSwitch(config)# policy-map user-downSwitch(config-pmap)# class user1-downSwitch(config-pmap-c)# trust dscpSwitch(config-pmap-c)# police 1024000 1024000 exceed-action dropSwitch(config-pmap-c)# exitSwitch(config-pmap)# class user2-downSwitch(config-pmap-c)# trust dscpSwitch(config-pmap-c)# police 2048000 1024000 exceed-action dropSwitch(config-pmap-c)# exit5、在接口上运用策略Switch(config)# interface f0/1Switch(config-if)# service-policy input user1-upSwitch(config)# interface f0/2Switch(config-if)# service-policy input user2-upSwitch(config)# interface g0/1Switch(config-if)# service-policy input user-down看了cisco交换机配置实例教程还想看：1.思科交换机基本配置实例讲解2.CISCO交换机配置操作学习教程3.思科交换机配置教程详解4.cisco交换机qos配置实例教程5.思科路由器、交换机的基本管理教程6.Cisco 2960交换机的基础安装配置教程Cisco交换机入门配置的方法Cisco交换机入门配置的方法：机型：Cisco 3750想对交换机警醒配置。

实训报告实训一路由基本配置1、实验目的：路由器基本配置及ip设置2、拓扑结构图Router0 fa0/0: 192.168.11.1Fa0/1:192.168.1.1Router1 fa0/0: 192.168.11.2Fa0/1:192.168.2.1Znn1:192.168.1.2Znn2:192.168.2.23、实验步骤Router1Router>en 用户模式进入特权模式Router#conf t 特权模式进入全局模式Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host rznn1 改名字为rznn1rznn1(config)#int fa0/0 进入fa0/0端口rznn1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0 设置ip地址rznn1(config-if)#no sh 激活rznn1(config)#int fa0/1rznn1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0rznn1(config-if)#no shrznn1(config-if)#exitrznn1(config)#exitrznn1#copy running-config startup-config 保存Destination filename [startup-config]? startup-configrznn1#conf trznn1(config)#enable secret password 222 设置密文rznn1#show ip interface b 显示Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.1.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downrouter 2outer>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host rznn2rznn2(config)#int fa0/0rznn2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0rznn2(config-if)#no shrznn2(config)#int fa0/1rznn2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0rznn2(config-if)#no shRznn2#copy running-config startup-config 保存Destination filename [startup-config]? startup-configrznn2(config-if)#exitrznn2(config)#exitrznn2#conf trznn2(config)#enable secret 222rznn2#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.2.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down实训二1、远程登录、密码设置及验证为路由器开设telnet端口，PC机可以远程登陆到Rznn3(Router 1)拓扑结构图Router0:192.168.1.1Pc:192.168.1.2步骤rznn3>rznn3>enrznn3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.rznn3(config)#no ip domain lookuprznn3(config)#line cons 0rznn3(config-line)#password znnrznn3(config-line)#loginrznn3(config-line)#no exec-trznn3(config-line)#logg syncrznn3(config-line)#exitrznn3(config)#int fa0/0rznn3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0rznn3(config-if)#no shrznn3(config-if)#exitrznn3(config)#line vty 0 4 打通五个端口rznn3(config-line)#password cisco 设置密码rznn3(config-line)#login 保存rznn3(config-line)#exit4、测试：实训三命令组1、目的：八条命令（no ip domain lookup\line cons 0\password\login\no exec-t\logg sync\show version\reload\copy running-config startup-config）\show cdp neighbors)2、拓扑结构图Router0 fa0/0: 192.168.11.1Router1 fa0/0: 192.168.11.23、步骤rznn1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.1、rznn1(config)#no ip domain lookup 取消域名查找转换2、rznn1(config)#line cons 0 打开cons 0端口3、rznn1(config-line)#password znn 设置密码为znnrznn1(config-line)#login 保存rznn1(config-line)#no exec-t 设置永不超时4、rznn1(config-line)#logg sync 产生日志5、rznn1#show version 显示思科路由系统版本信息Cisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.4(15)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)Technical Support: /techsupportCopyright (c) 1986-2007 by Cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Wed 18-Jul-07 06:21 by pt_rel_team6、rznn1#show cdp neighbors 查看路由器连接的相邻路由器的相关信息Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDrznn2 Fas 0/0 139 R C2800 Fas 0/07、rznn1#copy running-config startup-config 保存刚才指令Destination filename [startup-config]? startup-configBuilding configuration...[OK]8、rznn1#reload 重启路由器Proceed with reload? [confirm]System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.cisco 2811 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memorySelf decompressing the image :########################################################################## [OK] Restricted Rights Legendrznn1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.1.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down9、rznn1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 重置ip地址rznn1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.3.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down down实训四发现协议1、实训目的通过发现协议显示路由器相邻路由的端口信息2、拓扑结构Router0:192.168.11.1Router1:fa0/0 192.168.11.2Fa0/1 192.168.12.1Router2:192.168.12.23、步骤R1路由器Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upr1(config-if)#r1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR2 路由器Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r2r2(config)#int fa0/0r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#exitr2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r2(config)#int fa0/0r2(config-if)#int fa0/1r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upr2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#exitr2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler2#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.2 YES manual up upFastEthernet0/1 192.168.12.1 YES manual up down Vlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR3路由器Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r3r3(config)#int fa0/0r3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler3#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.12.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downR1发现邻居r1#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDr2 Fas 0/0 165 R C2800 Fas 0/0R2发现邻居r2#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDr1 Fas 0/0 176 R C1841 Fas 0/0r3 Fas 0/1 130 R C1841 Fas 0/0R3发现邻居r3#show cdp neighborsCapability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route BridgeS - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - PhoneDevice ID Local Intrfce Holdtme Capability Platform Port IDr2 Fas 0/0 166 R C2800 Fas 0/14、总结show 命令（1）show ip interface b (显示端口ip信息)（2）show version （显示ios版本信息）（3）show running-config （显示刚才使用的命令配置信息）（4）show cdp neighbors （显示发现邻居直连设备信息）（5）show interface （显示所有端口详细信息）实训五静态路由1、实验目的：将不同网段的网络配通（ip route）Ip route语法：ip route 目标地址子网掩码相邻路由器接口地址Show ip route2、试验拓扑：Router0:192.168.11.1Router1:fa0/0 192.168.11.2Fa0/1 192.168.12.1Router2:192.168.12.23、实验步骤：Router1Router>enRouter#conf tRouter(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#exitr1#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 192.168.11.1 YES manual up downFastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downr1#%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r1#ping 192.168.12.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:.....Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)r1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.11.2r1(config)#exitr1#ping 192.168.12.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msr1#ping 192.168.12.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds:.....Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)r1#ping 192.168.12.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 47/62/78 msr1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S 192.168.12.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2Router3Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r3r3(config)#int fa0/0r3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#no sh%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up r3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler3#show ip interface bInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.12.2 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES manual administratively down downr3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r3(config)#ip route 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1r3(config)#exitr3#ping 192.168.11.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.2, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msr3#ping 192.168.11.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 msr3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setS 192.168.11.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.1C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/04、默认路由Route 1r1>enr1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#no ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.11.2%No matching route to deleter1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0r1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2r1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.11.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2r1#ping 192.168.12.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/28/31 msr1#ping 192.168.12.2Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 msRoute 3r1>enr1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#no ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.11.2%No matching route to deleter1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0r1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2r1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.11.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2r3#ping 192.168.11.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms实训六动态路由RIP 协议1、实验目的使用配置动态路由启动Rip协议使用到的命令（router rip/network/show ip protocols/show ip route）2、实验拓扑R1 fa0/0 192.168.11.1R2 fa0/0 192.168.11.2fa0/1 192.168.12.1R3 fa0/0 192.168.12.23、实验步骤R1Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no shr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#router ripr1(config-router)#network 192.168.11.0r1(config-router)#exitr1(config)#exitr1#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleR2Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#host r2r2(config)#int fa0/0r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no shr2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#int fa0/1r2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0r2(config-if)#no shr2(config-if)#exitr2(config)#router ripr2(config-router)#network 192.168.11.0r2(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0r2(config-router)#exitr2(config)#exitr2#R3Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#host r3r3(config)#int fa0/0r3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0r3(config-if)#no shr3(config-if)#exitr3(config)#router ripr3(config-router)#network 192.168.12.0r3(config-router)#exitr3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console4、实验测试R1r1#show ip protocolsRouting Protocol is "rip"Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 10 secondsInvalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Redistributing: ripDefault version control: send version 1, receive any version Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 1 2 1Automatic network summarization is in effectMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks:192.168.11.0Passive Interface(s):Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last UpdateDistance: (default is 120)r1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 192.168.12.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.11.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0 r1#ping 192.168.12.0Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.12.0, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 msR2r2#show ip protocolsRouting Protocol is "rip"Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 21 secondsInvalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not setRedistributing: ripDefault version control: send version 1, receive any versionInterface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 1 2 1FastEthernet0/1 1 2 1Automatic network summarization is in effectMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks:192.168.11.0192.168.12.0Passive Interface(s):Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last UpdateDistance: (default is 120)r2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1R3r3#show ip protocolsRouting Protocol is "rip"Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 15 secondsInvalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not setRedistributing: ripDefault version control: send version 1, receive any versionInterface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain FastEthernet0/0 1 2 1Automatic network summarization is in effectMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks:192.168.12.0Passive Interface(s):Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last UpdateDistance: (default is 120)r3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setR 192.168.11.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0r3#ping 192.168.11.0Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.0, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 ms实训七负载平衡试训目的实现负载平衡实训拓扑R1 fa0/0 192.168.11.1R2 eth0/0/0 192.168.11.2Fa0/0 192.168.12.1Fa0/0 192.168.13.1R3 fa0/0 192.168.12.2Fa0/1 192.168.14.1R4 fa0/0 192.168.13.2Fa0/1 192.168.15.1R5 fa0/0 192.168.14.2Fa0/1 192.168.15.2实训步骤（R1 ）r1>enR1#conf tR1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.11.2R1(config)#exitr1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.11.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.11.2(R2)r2>enr2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.2r2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.13.2r2(config)#exitr2#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoles% Ambiguous command: "s"r2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.12.2 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0/0C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2[1/0] via 192.168.13.2(R3)r3>enr3#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.12.1r3(config)#exitr3#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.12.1 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.14.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.12.1(R4)r4>enr4#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r4(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.13.1r4(config)#exitr4#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler4#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.13.1 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.15.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.13.1(R5)r5>enr5#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.r5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.14.1r5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.15.1r5(config)#exitr5#%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoler5#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is 192.168.14.1 to network 0.0.0.0C 192.168.14.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.15.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.14.1[1/0] via 192.168.15.1实训测试（R1）r1#ping 192.168.14.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.14.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 62/84/94 ms （R5）r5#ping 192.168.11.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.11.1, timeout is 2 seconds: Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 79/91/94 ms实训八DHCP 协议配置实训目的全网配通实训拓扑Fa0/0 192.168.11.1Fa0/1 192.168.12.1实训步骤Router>enRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#host r1r1(config)#int fa0/0r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no shr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#int fa0/1r1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0r1(config-if)#no shr1(config-if)#exitr1(config)#ip dhcp pool znn //配置一个根地址池znnr1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.11.0 255.255.255.0 //为所有客户机动态分配的地址段r1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.11.1 //为客户机配置默认的网关r1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.11.1 //为客户机配置DNS服务器r1(dhcp-config)#exitr1(config)#ip dhcp pool znn1r1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0r1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.12.1r1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.168.12.1r1(dhcp-config)#exit。

CISCO 路由器OSPF+MPLS+BGP配置实例二OO八年九月四日目录一、网络环境 (3)二、网络描述 (3)三、网络拓扑图 (4)四、P路由器配置 (4)五、PE1路由器配置 (6)六、PE2路由器配置 (9)七、CE1路由器配置 (11)八、CE2路由器配置 (13)九、业务测试 (14)一、网络环境由5台CISCO7204组成的网络,一台为P路由器,两台PE路由器,两台CE 路由器;二、网络描述在P和两台PE路由器这间通过OSPF动态路由协议完成MPLS网络的建立，两台PE路由器这间启用BGP路由协议，在PE路由器上向所属的CE路由器指VPN 路由，在CE路由器中向PE路由器配置静态路由。

配置思路：1、在P和两台PE路由器这间通过OSPF动态路由协议，在P和PE路由器两两互连的端口上启用MPLS，两台PE之间的路为备份路由，这属公网路由。

2、两台PE路由器这间启用BGP路由协议，这使得属于VPN的IP地址能在两个网络（两台CE所属的网络）互相发布，这属私网（VPN）路由。

3、在PE路由器上向所属的CE路由器指VPN路由，这打通了两个网络（两台CE所属的网络）之间的路由。

三、网络拓扑图P路由器(r1)(r4) CE1路由器(r5)LOOP0:192.168.3.1/24LOOP0:192.168.4.1/24四、P路由器配置p#SHOW RUNBuilding configuration...Current configuration : 1172 bytes!version 12.3service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname p!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zero!!!ip cefip audit po max-events 100!!interface Loopback0ip address 202.98.4.3 255.255.255.255 !interface FastEthernet0/0description to_r2ip address 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.252 ip ospf cost 20duplex fulltag-switching mtu 1508tag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet1/0description to_r3ip address 10.1.1.6 255.255.255.252 ip ospf cost 20duplex fulltag-switching mtu 1508tag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet2/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!interface FastEthernet3/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!router ospf 100log-adjacency-changesredistribute connected subnets redistribute static subnetsnetwork 10.1.1.6 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.1.1.10 0.0.0.0 area 0!ip classlessno ip http serverno ip http secure-server!gatekeepershutdown!!line con 0exec-timeout 0 0logging synchronousstopbits 1line aux 0stopbits 1line vty 0 4login!!endp#五、PE1路由器配置pe1#show runBuilding configuration...Current configuration : 1813 bytes!version 12.3service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption!hostname pe1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zero!!!ip vrf vpnard 1:100route-target export 200:1route-target import 200:1!ip cefip audit po max-events 100!!interface Loopback0ip address 202.98.4.1 255.255.255.255!interface FastEthernet0/0description to_r5ip vrf forwarding vpnaip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252 duplex fulltag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet1/0description to_r1ip address 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.252ip ospf cost 20duplex fulltag-switching mtu 1508tag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet2/0ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252ip ospf cost 100duplex fulltag-switching mtu 1508tag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet3/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!router ospf 100log-adjacency-changesredistribute connected metric-type 1 subnetsnetwork 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0network 202.98.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 100no bgp default ipv4-unicastbgp log-neighbor-changesneighbor 202.98.4.2 remote-as 100neighbor 202.98.4.2 update-source Loopback0 neighbor 202.98.4.2 version 4!address-family vpnv4neighbor 202.98.4.2 activateneighbor 202.98.4.2 send-community extendedexit-address-family!address-family ipv4 vrf vpnaredistribute connectedredistribute staticno auto-summaryno synchronizationexit-address-family!ip classlessip route vrf vpna 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2 no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!ip ospf name-lookup!!gatekeepershutdown!!line con 0exec-timeout 0 0logging synchronousstopbits 1line aux 0stopbits 1line vty 0 4login!!endpe1#六、PE2路由器配置pe2#show runBuilding configuration...Current configuration : 1725 bytes!version 12.3service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption!hostname pe2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zero!!!ip vrf vpnard 1:100route-target export 200:1route-target import 200:1!ip cefip audit po max-events 100!!interface Loopback0ip address 202.98.4.2 255.255.255.255 !interface FastEthernet0/0description to_r1ip address 10.1.1.9 255.255.255.252ip ospf cost 20duplex fulltag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet1/0ip vrf forwarding vpnaip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0duplex fulltag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet2/0ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252ip ospf cost 100duplex fulltag-switching ip!interface FastEthernet3/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!router ospf 100log-adjacency-changesredistribute connected metric 1 subnets redistribute static metric-type 1 subnets network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 100no bgp default ipv4-unicastbgp log-neighbor-changesneighbor 202.98.4.1 remote-as 100neighbor 202.98.4.1 update-source Loopback0 neighbor 202.98.4.1 version 4!address-family vpnv4neighbor 202.98.4.1 activateneighbor 202.98.4.1 send-community extended exit-address-family!address-family ipv4 vrf vpnaredistribute connectedredistribute staticno auto-summaryno synchronizationexit-address-family!ip classlessip route vrf vpna 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!gatekeepershutdown!!line con 0exec-timeout 0 0logging synchronousstopbits 1line aux 0stopbits 1line vty 0 4login!!End七、CE1路由器配置ce1#show runBuilding configuration...Current configuration : 892 bytes!version 12.3service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname ce1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zero!!!ip cefip audit po max-events 100!!interface Loopback0ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 !interface FastEthernet0/0description to_r3ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.252 duplex full!interface FastEthernet1/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!interface FastEthernet2/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!interface FastEthernet3/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!ip classlessip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.1no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!!gatekeepershutdown!!line con 0exec-timeout 0 0logging synchronousstopbits 1line aux 0stopbits 1line vty 0 4login!!end八、CE2路由器配置Ce2#show runBuilding configuration...*Sep 3 13:53:56.167: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Current configuration : 888 bytes!version 12.3service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname ce2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zero!!!ip cefip audit po max-events 100!!interface Loopback0ip address 10.10.13.1 255.255.255.0!interface FastEthernet0/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!interface FastEthernet1/0description to_r2ip address 10.10.12.2 255.255.255.0duplex full!interface FastEthernet2/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!interface FastEthernet3/0no ip addressshutdownduplex half!ip classlessip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.2.1no ip http serverno ip http secure-server!!gatekeepershutdown!!line con 0exec-timeout 0 0logging synchronousstopbits 1line aux 0stopbits 1line vty 0 4login!!end九、业务测试ce1# ping 172.16.1.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 96/190/324 ms ce1#ce2#ping 192.168.3.1Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 336/468/588 ms ce2#。

1 流量工程简介TE：Traffic Engineering的缩写，即流量工程的意思。

流量工程的本质就是将业务流量映射到实际的物理路径上。

就MPLS而言，此中心思想就是按照网络的实际情况为数据流确定适宜的lsp并在该lsp上快速转发数据流，通过优化网络资源的使用，防止负载不均衡而导致的网络拥塞。

说到MPLS TE，不得不提到流量工程的四个根底功能部件，即信息发布、通路选择、信令和数据转发，这四个部件形成了整个流量工程的工作流程，因此是重中之重的内容，这里将介绍每个部件的主要作用。

信息发布：MPLS流量工程使用扩展的IGP-TE来向外布告和获取网络拓扑状态信息，并形成链路状态数据库LSDB和流量工程数据库TEDB，此中LSDB 用于传统的SPF计算，而TEDB用于成立TE地道时进行选路的计算。

这里的信息发布组件就是IGP-TE，IGP-TE是在普通IGP的根底之上扩展了对第10类lsa的撑持，即opaque-lsa，opaque-lsa可以表征最大链路带宽、最大预约链路带宽、当前预留带宽、当前使用带宽和链路颜色等属性，从而形成对应的TEDB。

通路选择组件：具体的通路选择组件当然是CSPF了，即基于约束的SPF 算法。

在TEDB形成之后，入口LSR使用CSPF计算每条lsp的物理路径。

信令组件：这里的信令组件可以是RSVP-TE或者CR-LDP，目前业界一般都使用RSVP-TE作为MPLS流量工程的信令组件，其作用主要是按照通路选择组件计算出来的路径成立lsp，预留资源并分发标签等。

数据转发组件：既然是MPLS流量工程，数据转发组件当然是MPLS了，在信令组件成功的成立了lsp之后，采用MPLS对数据报文进行标签交换和转发处置。

这样，整个MPLS流量工程大致的工作机制也就展此刻大师眼前了，由于不是本文的重点，不再做更详细的阐述，仅为大师对流量工程的理解做一个铺垫。

2 Cisco流量工程的配置配置要素如下：配置IGP-TE，使IGP能够撑持opaque-lsa；配置路由器撑持TE功能，即全局模式下使能流量工程；配置对应物理接口撑持TE功能，即接口模式下使能流量工程；配置TE地道。

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除mpls协议族中rsvp-te协议篇一：mplsteRsVp工作原理详解实战手册在文档开始之前，我认为mplste的信令协议是有必要知道的。

RsVp-te--协议本身比较成熟，已经规模应用。

--基于软状态，扩展性比较差。

cd-ldp--协议比较新，不太成熟，基本没有应用。

--基于硬状态，扩展性比较好。

但是，最终还是市场来决定,RsVp因为先把茅坑占了，所以，一说到mplste,大多数厂商都支持RsVp-te.很少厂商支持cd-ldp协议。

貌似，RsVp-te已经是一个业内的标准了。

所以学习mplste有必要了解RsVp的运作。

RsVp的相关知识点有下面几点：■RsVp基础■RsVp分组■RsVp操作■现实世界中的RsVp.RsVp协议类型是46,虽然把RsVp封装在udp中是又可能的，但是mplste从来不会把RsVp封装在udp中。

RsVp是拿来做什么的？我们都知道标签分发有几种方式：mplsldp/tdp,这个是标准，用来分发mpls标签的协议。

RsVp,用于mplste中的标签分发。

和ldp工作没有交集。

还有一个就是bgp对vrf路由的标签分发。

RsVp不是路由协议，任何路由决定都是igp和cspF做出的决定.（如果cspF还有疑问，请参考/351531/657115,mplscspF 工作原理详解和相关实验），RsVp唯一的工作就是通告和维护网络中的保留资源。

mplste中，RsVp在控制平面层保留带宽，所以没有对流量的转发平面上做任何控制。

RsVp有三种基本的功能：■路径的建立和维护■路径拆除■错误通告。

RsVp的主要消息类型如下：一共有7类是主要应用。

关于RsVp信令的建立，简单说来，就2个步骤，原始节点向目的Router发送RsVppath消息，然后目的路由器收到path请求以后，向原始节点回复一个ResV.那么，一个te隧道就建立成功了。

根据ericosborneccie4122的著作mplste流量工程中所描述的，这里我们来看一个RsVp是如何建立一条通路的。

摘要：MPLS TE 快速重路由技术是一项实现网络局部保护的技术，在应用了MPLS TE 的网络中，当某处出现链路或节点失效时，配置有快速重路由保护的LSP可以自动将数据切换到保护链路上去。

本文档介绍了MPLS TE快速重路由的关键技术和典型应用。

关键词：FRR、MPLS TE、快速重路由、RSVP TE、LSP。

1 前言目前传统的IP网络是一种“尽力而为”的服务模型，随着网络业务的进一步发展，作为多业务统一承载的IP网络在可靠性方面，必须要达到传统电信网络的水平，如保护切换的速度<50ms，才能满足电信级业务的需要。

MPLS技术自20世纪90年代中出现后，由于其具备快速转发、QoS保证、多业务支持等优势，获得了长足的发展，在下一代电信网络中扮演着越来越重要的角色。

为了保证MPLS网络的可靠性，MPLS快速重路由（Fast ReRoute）技术扮演了重要角色。

这种技术借助MPLS流量工程（Traffic Engineering）的能力，为LSP提供快速保护倒换能力。

MPLS快速重路由事先建立本地备份路径，保护LSP不会受链路/节点故障的影响，当故障发生时，检测到链路/节点故障的设备就可以快速将业务从故障链路切换到备份路径上，从而减少数据丢失。

快速响应、及时切换是MPLS快速重路由的特点，它可以保证业务数据的平滑过渡，不会导致业务中断；同时，LSP的头节点会尝试寻找新的路径来重新建立LSP，并将数据切换到新路径上，在新的LSP建立成功之前，业务数据会一直通过保护路径转发。

2 技术简介2.1 MPLS TE及其四个构件传统的路由器选择最短的路径作为路由，不考虑带宽等因素，这样，即使某条路径发生拥塞，也不会将流量切换到其他的路径上。

在网络流量比较小的情况下，这种问题不是很严重，但是随着Internet的应用越来越广泛，传统的最短路径优先的路由的问题暴露无遗。

MPLS TE是一种将流量工程技术与MPLS这种叠加模型相结合的技术。

MSR系列路由器
MPLS TE 快速重路由功能的配置
关键字：MSR;MPLS;TE;Fast-Reroute;快速重路由;RSVP-TE
一、组网需求：
RTA、RTB、RTC、RTD、RTE通过ISIS发布路由，RTA通过RSVP-TE + 显式路径建立一条到RTD的TE隧道，RTB为保护节点，通过显式路径建立一条经过RTE到RTC的链路，保护RTB与RTC的直连链路
设备清单：MSR系列路由器5台
二、组网图：
三、配置步骤：
设备和版本：MSR系列、Version 5.20, Release 1509
：
1) 快速重路由只能使用RSVP-TE作为信令协议；
2) 需要在RTA和RTB上建立显式路径，并且根据显式路径建立隧道；
3) RTA的Tunnel口上需要配置快速重路由感知；
4) RTB的Tunnel口必须要配置备份带宽；
5) RTB 将旁路Tunnel绑定在主隧道的出接口上。

思科路由器配置命令详解及实例思科路由器配置命令详解及实例一、路由器基本配置1.1 登录路由器为了配置和管理思科路由器，您需要登录到路由器的控制台或通过远程登录方式。

使用以下命令登录路由器，并进行必要的身份验证：```Router> enableRouterconfigure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line： End with TL/Z：Router(config)hostname [路由器名称]Router(config)enable secret [密码]Router(config)line console 0Router(config-line)password [密码]Router(config-line)logging synchronousRouter(config-line)exitRouter(config)line vty 0 4Router(config-line)password [密码]Router(config-line)logging synchronous```1.2 配置接口接下来，您需要配置路由器的接口，以便与其他网络设备进行通信。

使用以下命令配置接口：```Router(config)interface [接口类型] [接口编号]Router(config-if)ip address [IP地址] [子网掩码]Router(config-if)no shutdownRouter(config-if)exit```二、路由配置2.1 静态路由静态路由是手动配置的路由项，将特定的网络目的地与下一跳路由器关联起来。

以下是配置静态路由的示例命令：```Router(config)ip route [目的网络] [子网掩码] [下一跳地址]```2.2 动态路由动态路由是通过路由协议动态学习并自动更新的路由项。

MPLS traffic engineering2013年10月20日16:54概述：流量工程：操作网络中的流量走向的技术，穿越网络的流量将从最优化的路径进行转发。

传统的流量工程是通过ATM或者Frame relay技术实现，统称overlay模型早期的IP网络实现基础为fr或者arm，但是现在越来越多的网络开始建立在纯IP网络或者基于MPLS的IP网络。

IP网络需要一种新的流量工程技术，纯IP网络TE技术现在还无法实现，但是基于MPLS，可以为MPLS/IP提供TE方案每一个IP协议都为每条链路指定了一个“成本”，路径中每条链路cost累加用来就算最低成本路径，IP数据报文先通过成本最低的路径“尽可能快的转发”。

这是现代IP网络协议设计的基本原理。

OSPF和ISIS使用单一的metric度量成本。

EIGFRP使用一种复合度量技术，使用5个权重系数与链路度量值bw ,delay ,reliability,load综合考虑链路状态：RIP使用跳数作为度量单位IP网络转发报文时，每跳路由器基于自己的路由表决定如何转发该报文，转发决定并不依赖于转发路径的带宽、丢包等情况。

因此，即使该链路因为拥塞出现丢包，路由器仍然会继续向该路径转发报文。

同时另一条也能到达该目的地的路径即使空闲，但是由于cost较高，得不到利用。

对这种情况，TE能带来一种解决方案：操纵流量避开拥塞链路帮助减少丢包，抖动等情况，合理利用网络资源，为客户流量提供较好的服务质量。

MPLS TE引入了一种TE方案：在下层基础网络上构造一层LSP（标签转发路径），用以掩盖下层实际拓扑，并用于操作流量走向，路径的计算是由LSP（TE tunnel）的第一跳路由器完成。

需要记住的是TE tunnel是单向的，要完成双向通信，你需要每个方向各建立一条tunnel。

MPLS TE基本概念：首端路由器Head end router：MPLS TE tunnel 隧道起点成为TE首端路由器，相应的是尾端路由器的定义。