首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题及解析

2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研招生目录，考研参考书，历年真题笔记贸大英语翻译基础书目推荐1、庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002。

2、叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。

北京：清华大学出版社，2001。

3、中国日报（China Daily）：英语点睛：新词新译4、王恩冕，《大学英汉翻译教程》，对外经济贸易大学出版社，第三版，2010。

5、金融时报官方网站：双语时评。

6、网站：/7、外贸、金融、经济学、世贸组织等英语专业术语。

8、张曦，《口语与口译300题》，上海交通大学出版社。

9、金焕荣，《商务英语翻译》，苏州大学出版社。

10、赵军锋，《商务英语口译》，高等教育出版社，2009.11、2015年度国家领导人出席的国际会议：演讲稿中英对照。

12、三笔、二笔相应题材的文章。

百科知识和汉语写作书目推荐1、卢晓江.《自然科学史十二讲》.中国轻工业出版社（2007）（矿大）2、叶朗.《中国文化读本》.北京：外语教学与研究出版社（2008）3、杨月蓉.《实用汉语语法与修辞》.重庆：西南师范大学出版社（1999）（北大）4、金元浦.《中国文化概论》.北京：中国人民大学出版社（2007）5、庄锡昌.《西方文化史》.北京：高等教育出版社（2011）6、林青松.《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》.南京：东南大学出版社（2005）7、张元忠.张东风.《经济应用文写作与评析》.武汉：华中科技大学出版社（2008）9、俞纪东.《经济写作》.上海：上海财经大学出版社10、张文.《外贸文秘写作全书》.中华工商联合出版社11、郑孝敏.《商务应用文》.东北财经大学出版社12、柯琳娟.《公司（企业）常用文书写作格式与范本》.企业管理出版社13、邵龙青.《财经应用写作》.东北财经大学出版社14、伟业管理咨询公司编著.《商务文书模板速查手册》.中国言实出版社（贸大）15、李玉珊.《商务文案写作》.高等教育出版社16、岳海翔.《商务文书写作要领与范文》.中国言实出版社17、岳海翔.《企划文书写作要领与范文》.中国言实出版社18、程裕祯.《中国文化要略》.外语教学与研究出版社19、朱维之，《外国文学史》（欧美卷），南开大学出版社。

首都经济贸易大学硕士研究生入学考试211《翻译硕士英语》、357《英语翻译基础》、448《汉语写作与百科知识》考试大纲一、考试目的根据全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会所制定的《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试总纲》（考试指导性意见）以及《全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》以及有关文件要求与精神，本考试旨在全面考察考生的双语（英语、母语）综合能力及双语翻译能力。

二、考试的性质与范围本考试是全国翻译硕士专业学位研究生的入学资格考试，除全国统考分值100分的第一单元《政治理论》之外，专业考试分为三门，分别是第二单元外国语考试《翻译硕士英语》第三单元基础课考试《英语翻译基础》以及第四单元专业基础课考试《汉语写作与百科知识》。

《翻译硕士英语》重点考察考生的外语水平，总分100分，《英语翻译基础》重点考察考生的外汉互译专业技能和潜质，总分150分，《汉语写作和百科知识》重点考察考生的现代汉语写作水平和百科知识，总分150分。

三、考试基本要求1.具有良好的英语基本功，掌握6000个以上的英语积极词汇。

2.具有较好的双语表达和转换能力及潜质。

3.具备一定的中外文化以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。

对作为母语（A语言）的现代汉语有较强的写作能力。

四、考试形式本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，试题在各项试题中的分布见各门“考试内容一览表”。

五、考试内容见以下分别表述。

211《翻译硕士英语》考试大纲一、考试目的：《翻译硕士英语》作为全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）入学考试英语考试，其目的是考察考生是否具备进行MTI学习所要求的英语水平。

二、考试性质与范围：本考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性水平考试。

考试范围包括MTI考生应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英语阅读与写作等方面的技能。

三、考试基本要求1.具有良好的英语基本功，认知词汇量在10，000以上，掌握6000个以上的积极词汇，即能正确而熟练地运用常用词汇及其常用搭配。

对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题分享与详解一、百科知识，解释划线词1.韩素音的著作《伤残的树》描写了一个世纪前，一位比利时女子被瓷器中的中国吸引，远嫁重洋，落户动乱、饥饿的四川。

半个世纪前，她的长着高鼻梁、黑眼睛的混血女儿，历时15年，用手中的笔，书写了一部给外国人看的家族史，这是一部纠结着血缘传承、习俗差异、民族矛盾的复杂家族史，更是一部扎根在自己家族，涉与曾国藩、义和团、袁世凯、基督教、共产党的波澜壮阔的民族断代史。

2.钱钟书先生的笔记中不仅包括了《诗经》、《论语》、《史记》、《全唐诗》、《全宋词》、《红楼梦》等经典，更大量涉与历代文人诗文别集、笔记小说、野史杂谈、尺牍日札。

多种形制、各类语体的读数笔记曾伴随钱钟书走南闯北，历经风雨，充分展现了钱先生的国学水平。

3.一方面，新兴市场国家，如金砖四国，希望注资IMF。

据消息人士称，IMF需要3500亿美元来帮助西班牙和意大利等国渡过债务危机。

但西方国家认为，这次注资不应该通过减少西方国家的投票权(增加新兴市场国家的投票权会降低西方国家的投票权)来损害西方国家的利益。

4.加拿大央行行长卡尼表示，希腊问题十分重要，但鉴于更大国际背景，欧洲问题严重性甚于希腊，G20峰会需要认真解决发达国家经济弱点。

5.参加德班气候大会的中国代表团官员8日表示，随着中国“十二五”期间加强控制温室气体排放，中国有望建立自己的碳排放交易系统(ETS)。

6，还有戛纳，欧元区，新闻界的“走，转，改”具体文段想不起来。

二、应用文写作应用文写作纪念辛亥革命一百周年征稿启事写清标题，正文，落款要求有四条1.征文目的，对象，用途，意义2.征文题材体裁字数3.征文起止日期评奖办法4.邮寄方式联系人地址5.不少于450字三、大作文写作：阅读下面一则故事，写一篇800字以上短文；题目：略谈说话的艺术美国的心理学家和人际关系大师卡耐基每个季度都要在纽约的一家大旅馆租用大礼堂用以讲授社交训练课程。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题一．名词解释十二铜表法傅聪的前丈人小篆史诗魔幻现实主义文艺复兴法国大革命基准利率陋巷策论礼部圭臬二．应用文结合怀柔的人文自然，给怀柔做个旅游广告三．大作文是文明，材料是杭州图书馆让流浪汉看书。

翻译硕士词汇辨析1ambiguous,obscure,vague,unclear,dimambiguous,obscure,vague,unclear,dim这一组形容词都有“模糊”的意思。

ambiguous a.意义含糊的，有歧义的，指因字、词、句有歧义而使人感到模糊不清、难以理解和把握。

His ambiguous directions confused us;we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱两可的指导使我们很迷惑以至于我们不知道该走哪条路了。

obscure a.用于表达因光线不足而使人看不清楚。

该词的引申意义可以表示语法、文字、记忆等因复杂、深奥、模棱两可而使人看不懂和无法理解。

The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references.艾兹拉·庞德的诗有时候难以理解，因为诗歌中含有许多令人费解的典故。

vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清、言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚，该词也可表示轮廓形状的不清楚和模糊。

He has some vague ideas about what to do,but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但没有具体的计划。

unclear a.指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂；不肯定的。

Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字迹使人难以辨认。

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对外经济贸易大学2011年翻译硕士(MTI)真题翻译硕士英语Part1:Vocabulary and Grammar.（30P）01.The Space Age____in October1957when the first artificialsatellite was launched by the Soviet Union.A.initiatedB.originatedC.embarkedmenced02.John said that he didn’t quite____and asked me to repeat whatI had said.A.snatch upB.summon upC.catch onD.watch out03.When he tried to make a____,he found that the hotel that he wantedwas completely filled because of a convention.plaintB.claimC.reservationD.decision04.A budget of five dollars a day is totally____for a trip roundEurope.A.inadequateB.incapableC.incompatibleD.invalid05.In our highly technological society,the number of jobs for unskilledworkers is____.A.shrinkingB.obscuringC.alteringD.constraining06.The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be___by thisdevice.A.ignitedB.lightedC.firedD.inspired07.I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time____the last bus.A.to have caughtB.to catchC.catchingD.havingcaught08.Frankly speaking,your article is very good except for some____mistakes in grammar.A.obscureB.glaringC.trivialD.rare09.As it turned out to be a small house party,we____so formally.A.needn’t dress upB.did not need have dressed upC.did not need dress upD.needn’t have dressed up10.Certain species disappeared or became____as new forms arose that were better adapted to the Earth’s changing environment.A.feebleB.extinctC.massiveD.extinguished11.I apologize if I____you,but I assure you it was unintentional.A.offendB.had offendedC.should have offendedD. might have offended12.Franklin D.Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy’s____flaws.A.underliningB.vulnerableC.vulgarD. underlying13.Although a teenager,Fred could resist____what to do and what not to do.A.to be toldB.having been toldC.being toldD.to have been told14.I am afraid that you have to alter your____views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.A.indifferentB.distressingC.optimisticD. pessimistic15.Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage____avoided.A.is to beB.can beC.will beD.has been16.Stop shouting!I can’t hear the football____.A.judgmentB.interpretationmentaryD. explanation17.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores,and this is especially true____it comes to classroom tests.A.beforeB.asC.sinceD.when18.Every member of society has to make a____to struggle for the freedom of the country.A.pledgeB.warrantyC.resolveD.guarantee19.David tends to feel useless and unwanted in a society that gives so much____to those who compete well.A.prestigeB.regimeC.superiorityD.legislation20.The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens,set to____when itarrived in New York.A.go offB.get offe offD.carry off21.The younger person’s attraction to stereos cannot be explained only____familiarity with technology.A.in quest ofB.by means ofC.in terms ofD.by virtue of22.By signing the lease we made a___to pay a rent of$150a week.A.conceptionmissionmitmentD. confinementPart2:Identify Stylistic Problems.（18P）01.By the time Julia Roberts was23,she had won two academy award nominations,she had also become the world’s most popular female actress.A.run onma spliceC.correctD.fragment02.Since then,Roberts has appeared in fourteen films.Most recently,“My Best Friend’s Wedding”and“The Conspiracy Theory.”A.fragmentB.choppyC.correctma splice03.She didn’t plan to become an actress.She wanted to be six feet tall.She wanted to be a veterinarian.She wanted to be happy and make others happy.A.fragmentma spliceC.choppyD.correct04.Although Julia Roberts has had much professional success.In spite of her trouble with several failed relationships.A.fragmentB.choppyma spliceD.correct05.Julia Roberts lives in Manhattan,not far from the apartment she once shared with her sister in Greenwich Village.A.fragmentma spliceC.correctD.run on06.She came to New York when she was seventeen.Because her older sister lived there and she was influenced by her sister.A.fragmentB.run onC.choppyma splice07.Roberts was raised in Georgia.Her parents ran a theater school there. Her sister and brother are also actors.The family was always short of money.A.fragmentB.choppyC.correctD.run on08.When Julia was four years old,her parents divorced.After eighteen years of marriage.A.fragmentB.run onC.choppyD.correctPart3:Reading Comprehension（30P）Passage AMany United States companies have,unfortunately,made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work.Since 1980the United States International Trade Commission（ITC）has received about280complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies by foreign governments.Another340charge that foreign companies“dumped”their products in the United States at“less than fair value.”Even when no unfair practices are alleged,the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief.Contrary to the general impression,this quest for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped.As corporations begin to function globally,they develop an intricate web of marketing,production,and research relationships.The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company. Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect.Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States.If the competitor can prove injury from the imports—and that the United States Company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad—the United States Company’s products will be uncompetitive in the United States,since they would be subject to duties.Perhaps the most brazen case occurred when the ITC investigated allegations that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt,used to device roads.The bizarre aspect of the complaint was that a foreign conglomerate with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations.The“United States”company claiming injury was a subsidiary of a Dutch conglomerate,while the“Canadian”companies included a subsidiary of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.01.The passage is chiefly concerned with______.A.arguing against the increased internationalization of United States corporationsB.warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequencesC.demonstrating that foreign-based firms receive more subsidies from their governments than United States firms receive from the United States governmentD.advocating the use of trade restrictions for“dumped”products but not for other imports02.It can be inferred from the passage that the minimal basis for a complaint to the International Trade Commission is which of the following?A.A foreign competitor has received a subsidy from a foreign government.B.A foreign competitor has substantially increased the volume of products shipped to the United States.C.A foreign competitor is selling products in the United States at less than fair market value.D.The company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the United States.03.The last paragraph performs which of the following functions in the passage?A.It summarizes the discussion thus far and suggests additional areas of research.B.It presents a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.C.It cites a specific ease that illustrates a problem presented more generally in the previous paragraph.D.It introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.04.The passage warns of which of the following dangers?panies in the United States may receive no protection from imports unless they actively seek protection from import competition.panies that seek legal protection from import competition may incur legal costs that far exceed any possible gain.panies that are United States owned but operate internationally may not be eligible for protection from import competition under the laws of the countries in which their plants operate.panies that are not United States owned may seek legal protection from import competition under United States import relief laws.05.According to the passage,the International Trade Commission isinvolved in which of the following?A.Investigating allegations of unfair import competitionB.Granting subsidies to eompanies in the United States that have been injured by import competitionC.Recommending legislation to ensure fair tradeD.Identifying international corporations that wish to build plants in the United StatesPassage BSince the late1970s,in the face Of a severe loss of market share in dozens of industries,manufacturers in the United States have been trying to improve productivity—and therefore enhance their international competitiveness—through cost-cutting programs.（Cost-cutting here is defined as raising labor output while holding the amount of labor constant.）However,from1978through1982,productivity—the value of goods manufactured divided by the amount of labor input—did not improve;and while the results were better in the business upturn of the three years following,they ran25percent lower than productivity improvements during earlier,post-1945upturns.At the same time,it became clear that the harder manufactures worked to implement cost-cutting,the more they lost their competitive edge.With this paradox in mind,I recently visited25companies;it became clear to me that the cost-cutting approach to increasing productivity is fundamentally flawed.Manufacturing regularly observes a“40,40, 20”rule.Roughly4o percent of any manufacturing-based competitive advantage derives from long-term changes in manufacturing structure （decisions about the number,size,location,and capacity of facilities）and in approaches to materials.Another40percent comes from major changes in equipment and process technology.The final20percent rests on implementing conventional cost-cutting.This rule does not imply that cost-cutting should not be tried.The well-known tools of this approach—including simplifying jobs and retraining employees to work smarter,not harder—do produce results.But the tools quickly reach the limits of what they can contribute.Another problem is that the cost-cutting approach hinders innovation and discourages creative people.As Abernathy’s study of automobile manufacturers has shown,an industry can easily become prisoner of itsown investments in cost-cutting techniques,reducing its ability to develop new products.And managers under pressure to maximizecost-cutting will resist innovation because they know that more fundamental changes in processes or systems will wreak havoc with the results on which they are measured.Production managers have always seen their job as one of minimizing costs and maximizing output.This dimension of performance has until recently sufficed as a basis of evaluation,but it has created a penny-pinching,mechanistic culture in most factories that has kept away creative managers.Every company I know that has freed itself from the paradox has done so,in part,by developing and implementing a manufacturing strategy. Such a strategy focuses on the manufacturing structure and on equipment and process technology.In one company a manufacturing strategy that allowed different areas of the factory to specialize in different markets replaced the conventional cost-cutting approach; within three years the company regained its competitive advantage. Together with such strategies,successful companies are also encouraging managers to focus on a wider set of objectives besides cutting costs.There is hope for manufacturing,but it clearly rests on a different way of managing.01The author of the passage is primarily concerned with______.A.summarizing a thesisB.recommending a different approachparing points of viewD.making a series of predictions02It can be inferred from the passage that the manufacturers mentioned in paragraph1expected that the measures they implemented would______.A.encourage innovationB.keep labor output constantC.increase their competitive advantageD.permit business upturns to be more easily predicted03.The primary function of the first paragraph of the passage is to ______.A.present a historical context for the author’s observationsB.anticipate challenges to the prescriptions that followC.clarify some disputed definitions of economic termsD.summarize a number of long-accepted explanations04.The author refers to Ahernathy’s study most probably in order to ______.A.qualify an observation about one rule governing manufacturingB.address possible objections to a recommendation about improving manufacturing competitivenessC.support an earlier assertion about method of increasing productivityD.suggest the centrality in the Unit States economy of a particular manufacturing industry05.The author’s attitude toward the culture in most factories is best described as______.A.cautiousB.criticalC.disinterestedD. respectfulPassage CIt can be argued that much consumer dissatisfaction with marketing strategies arises from an inability to aim advertising at only the likely buyers of a given product.There are threegroups of consumers who are affected by the marketing process.First, there is the market segment—people who need the commodity in question. Second,there is the program target—people in the market segment with the“best fit”characteristics for a specific product.Lots of people—may need trousers,but only a few qualify as likely buyers of very expensive designer trousers.Finally,there is the program audience—all people who are actually exposedto the marketing program without regard to whether they need or want the product.These three groups are rarely identical.An exception occurs in cases where customers for a particular industrial product may be few and easily identifiable.Such customers,allsharing a particular need,are likely to form a meaningful target,for example,all companies with a particular application of the product in question,such as high-speed fillers ofbottles at breweries.In such circumstances,direct selling（marketing that reaches only the program target）is likely to be economically justified,and highly specialized trade media existto expose members of the program target—and only members of the program target—to the marketing program.Most consumer-goods markets are significantly different.Typically, there are many rather than few potential customers.Each represents a relatively small percentage of potential sales.Rarely do members of a particular market segment group themselves neatly into a meaningful program target.There are substantial differences among consumers with similar demographic characteristics.Even with all the past decade’s advances in information technology, direct selling of consumer goods is rare,and mass marketing—-a marketing approach that aims at a wide audience-remains the only economically feasible mode.Unfortunately,there are few media that allow the marketer to direct a marketing program exclusively to the program target.Inevitably,people get exposed to a great deal of marketing for products in which they have no interest and so they become annoyed.01.The passage suggests which of the following about highly specialized trade media?A.They should be used only when direct selling is not economically feasible.B.They can be used to exclude from the program audience people who are not part of the program target.C.They are used only for very expensive products.D.They are rarely used in the implementation of marketing programs for industrial products.02.The passage suggests which of the following about direct selling?A.It is used in the marketing of most industrial products.B.It is often used in cases where there is a large program target.C.It is not economically feasible for most marketing programs.D.It is used only for products for which there are many potential customers.03.The author mentions“trousers”in paragraph1most likely in order to______.A.make a comparison between the program target and the program audienceB.emphasize the similarities between the market segment and the program targetC.provide an example of the way three groups of consumers are affected by a marketing programD.clarify the distinction between the market segment and the program target04.“the product in question”in Line5,Paragraph2means______.A.“the product in the previous question”B.“the product under discussion”C.“the product on sale”D.“the product in doubt”05.It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following is true for most consumer-goods markets?A.The program target and the program audience are not usually identical.B.The program audience and the market segment are usually identical.C.The market segment and the program target are usually identical.D.The program target is larger than the market segment.Cloze TestMost economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market.__16__.A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter,established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious.__17__.In fact,price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides,as an effortless consequence of its own development,the price-fixing that it requires.Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size.Hence,a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers.That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories.__18__.Each large firm will thus avoid significant price-cutting,because price-cutting would be prejudicial to the common interest in a stable demand for products. Most economists do not see price-fixing when it occurs because they expect it to be brought about by a number of explicit agreements among large firms;it is not.Moreover,those economists who argue that allowing the free market to operate without interference is the most efficient method of establishing prices have not considered the economies of non-socialist countries other than the United states.These economies employ intentional price-fixing,usually in an overt fashion.Formalprice-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements coveringthe members of an industry are common-place.__19__,the countries thathave avoided the first and used the second would have suffereddrastically in their economic development.There is no indication thatthey have.Socialist industry also works within a framework of controlled prices.In the early1970’s,the Soviet Union began to give firms and industriessome of the flexibility in adjusting prices that a more informalevolution has accorded the capitalist system.__20__;rather,Sovietfirms have been given the power to fix prices.A.But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needsthat it has in common with the other large firms competing for the samecustomersB.Consequently,nothing seems good or normal that does not accord withthe requirements of the free marketC.Economists in the United States have hailed the change as a returnto the free market.But Soviet firms are no more subject to pricesestablished by a free market over which they exercise little influencethan are capitalist firmsD.Accordingly,it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing（the determination of prices by the seller）as both“normal”andhaving a valuable economic functionE.Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market andinefficient about price-fixing-o.Part4:Writing.（30P）Write an English essay of250-300words describing Maslow’s hierarchyof human needs and analyze this model with ONE example.Your writingwill be assessed for language,format,structure and content.育明教育考研专业课第一品牌，考研信息可咨询育明教育官网政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。

育明教育孙老师整理，来育明教育赠送资料，更多真题可咨询孙老师。

对外经济贸易大学2011年翻译硕士(MTI)真题汉语写作与百科知识一、单项选择（40分）01.《诗经》是中国古代最早的诗歌总集。

《诗经》原名《诗》或《诗三百》。

到了汉代儒家学者推崇其为经典，故称为《诗经》。

《诗经》共分为三个部分，分别是：____。

A.雅、风、诗B.风、雅、颂C.风、雅、歌D.雅、风、经02.____是我国第一部国别体史书，记事年代起自周穆王，止于鲁悼公。

内容涉及周、鲁、齐、晋、郑、楚、吴、越八国。

A.《左传》B.《战国策》C.《国语》D.《苟予》03.《墨子》与《论语》的区别在于____。

A.《论语》多作论证，而《墨子》只作论断而不作论证。

B.《论语》既作论证又作论断，而《墨子》只作论断不作论证。

C.《论语》只作论断而不作论证。

而《墨子》是在提出论题后进行论证，且论证常常从具体事例引出议论。

进行归纳。

D.《论语》是在提出论题后进行论证，且论证常常从具体事例引出议论，进行归纳，而《墨子》是作论证而不作论断。

04.以下____部作品是继《史记》之后的又一部富有散文特色的史学巨著（作者：班固），其中有不少出色的人物传记，如《东方朔传》、《苏武传》等。

A.《汉书》B.《霍光传》C.《史记别传》D.《史记后传》05.五言诗是我国古典诗歌的主要形式，它和其他诗歌形式一样都是从民间产生的。

其中____是五言诗中最杰出的代表。

A.《古诗十六首》B.《古诗十七首》C.《古诗十八首》D.《古诗十九首》06.代表清代戏剧的最高成就的是____和____。

A.孔尚任的《长生殿》和洪昇的《桃花扇》B.洪昇的《长生般》和孔尚任的《桃花扇》C.李伯元的《官场现行记》和曾朴的《孽海花》D.曾朴的《官场现行记》和李伯元的《孽海花》07.中国文学史上第一部长篇讽刺小说是____。

A.《红楼梦》B.《聊斋志异》C.《老残游记》D.《儒林外史》08.1918年5月，一部被认为是中国现代小说的开山之作发表于《新青年》，这部小说名为鲁迅先生的____。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题一．词组翻译GATTEECAPECFOB十八届四中全会一站式服务西厢记公务专用车石油输出国.......二．段落翻译英译汉：李克强在亚洲做的讲话，汉译英：李克强的政府工作报告翻译硕士词汇辨析2amend v.(正式用语)指修改文件、法律、规范等。

The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs.政治家们修正了这项法律以提供更多的就业。

convert v.改变某事物的形式或用途，还可以指改变信仰尤其是宗教信仰。

Britain converted to a decimal currency system in1971.英国于1971年改用十进制货币体系。

He's converted to Catholicism.他已经皈依天主教。

alter v.使事物在外观、性质、用途等方面稍作改变。

The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight..裁缝修改了我的裤腰因为它太紧了。

modify v.改变，修改，以使某物更趋完善，还可以用来表示态度、脾气、意见变得温和。

He was loud and angry,and his friends told him to modify his behavior.他粗声大气，脾气暴躁；朋友们告诉他要改变自己的举止。

transform v.指彻底、深远的改变，这种变化完全改变了外观或特性，使被改变的对象脱胎换骨。

Remodeling transformed an old,dark houses into so cheerful one.重新装修使这所陈旧昏暗的房子变得赏心悦目。

vary v.强调没有一定规则、陆续的变化或差异。

Air fares vary from one airline to another.航空公司的机票价格各不相同。

超详细！2021对外经济贸易大学MTI真题+答案211翻译硕士英语一、单选20题近义词辨析untacheduntachable unequal unequable固定搭配poverty alleviation（脱贫）depreciationvolatile “v”开头的很多词意辨析consultancy和 redundancy 区别很多题都是，一道题两个空，一般只清楚一个空，另一个空单词不认识，很难选二、文体改错10题comma price, run on, fragment 比较多，也有correct，choppy比较少，没有stringy三、阅读，2篇常规阅读，1篇5选5，1篇判断正误第一篇2017年12月六级真（第一套），判断正误Our world now moves so fast that we seldom stop tosee just how far we have come in just a few years. The latest iPhone 6s, forexample, has a dual-core processor and fits nicely into your pocket. comparison,you would expect to find a technological specification like this on yourstandard laptop in an office anywhere in the world.It's no wonder that new applications for theInternet of Things are moving ahead fast when almost every new device we buy hasa plug on the end of it or a wireless connection to the internet. Soon, our currentsmartphone lifestyle will expand to create our own smart home lifestyle too.All researches agree that close to 25 billiondevices, things and sensors will be connected 2020 which incidentally isalso the moment that Millennials (千禧一代) are expected to make up 75 percent of our overallworkforce, and the fully connected home will become a reality for large numbersof people worldwide.However, this is just the tip of the proverbialiceberg as smart buildings and even cities increasingly become the norm asleaders and business owners begin to wake up to the massive savings thattechnology can deliver through connected sensors and new forms of automationcoupled with intelligent energy and facilities management.Online security cameras, intelligent lighting and awealth of sensors that control both temperature and air quality are offering anunprecedented level of control, efficiency, and improvements to what were onceclassed necessary costs when running a business or managing a large building.We can expect that the ever-growing list ofdevices, systems and environments remain connected, always online and talkingto each other. The big benefit will not only be in the housing of this enormousand rapidly growing amount of data, but will also be in the ability torun realtime data analytics to extract actionable and ongoing knowledge.The biggest and most exciting challenge of thistechnology is how to creatively leverage this ever-growing amount of data todeliver cost savings, improvements and tangible benefits to both businesses andcitizens of these smart cities.The good news is that most of this technology isalready invented. Let's face it, it wasn't too long ago that the idea ofworking from anywhere and at anytime was some form of a distant Utopian (乌托邦式的) dream, and yet now we can perform almost anyoffice-based task from any location in the world as long as we have access tothe internet.It's time to wake up to the fact that making smartbuildings, cities and homes will dramatically improve our quality of life inthe years ahead.第二篇，选自2019年5月一篇经济学人文章Sleepless in Silicon ValleyWhy the techie obsession with sleep technologymakes perfect senseFirst, close the blackout blinds in your bedroom.Eat dinner at 4pm, and do not eat or drink anything after 6pm. Put on yourblue-light blocking glasses at 8pm. Set your bedroom temperature to 67oF{19.4C) and your electric blanket to 69.8oF {21 C). At 8.45pm, meditate forfive to ten minutes. Switch on your deep- wave sound machine. Put on yourQurasleep tracking ring. You are now, finally, ready for slumber. This may allsound a bit over the top. But this is the "sleep hygiene" routinedescribed in a recent blog post Bryan Johnson, who sold his previous companyto eBay for $800m and is now chief executive of Kernel, a startup developingbrain-computer interfaces. He admits that his sleep routine has "decimatedmy social life”, and that his partner sleeps in a different room, but says allthis troubleis worth it, because it has boosted his level of "deepsleep" as much as 157%. He has bought Oura rings for all his employees.Mr Johnson does not expect other people to copy hisroutine, but made it public to encourage the sharing of sleep habits and tips.Like many other techies, he regards sleep hygiene as an effective way tomaintain mental health, boost cognition and enhance productivity. In its mostrecent funding round, backers of Oura, the Finnish maker of the high-tech ring,included the co- founders of YouTube and Twitch, along with alumni ofFacebook,Skype and . The ring's most famous user is Jack Dorsey, the boss ofTwitter, whose unusual wellness regime-which also incorporates near-infraredsaunas, radiation blocking Faraday tents, fasting and cryotherapy- prompted theNew York Times this month to dub him “Gwyneth Paltrow for Silicon Valley”. Fortech tycoons, it seems, sleep is the new fitness.Those who want to monitor and improve their sleephaveno shortage of gadgets to choose from. As well as electric blankets andmattress- chillers, sound machines and "decimated my social life” smartrings, there are also smart pillows, sleep-tracking watches and bracelets,intelligentsleep masks, brain-stimulating headbands, bedside sleep sensors andcountless sleep- monitoring apps. The market for sleep technology was worth$58bn in 2014 and is expected to grow to $81bn 2020, according toPersistence, a market-research firm. Big companies in the field includehousehold names such as Apple, Bose, Nokia and Philips. After Mr Dorsey'senthusiastic endorsement, the Oura rings are back- ordered four to sixweeks.The mania for sleep technology makes perfect sensefor the tech industry, combining as it does several existing trends. For astart, it fits with the industry's metrics -driven worldview. Techies obsessabout OKRs {objectives and key results), KPIs {key performance indicators) anddigital-analytics dashboards showing the performance of specific products andfeatures. Applying similar techniques to sleep and other aspects of theirpersonal lives, an approach known as the "quantified self" seems alogical step. As those in the startup world like to say, channeling Peter Drucker,a management guru, "what's measured improves."Sleep- tracking also aligns neatly with Silicon Valley'scult of productivity, and the constant search for "life hacks" thatwill make entrepreneurs more effective, efficient and successful. This ranges fromwearing the same clothes every day, Steve Jobs-style (thus avoiding wastingtime deciding what to put on), to fastidious fitness routines and complicateddiets. Elaborate sleep regimes slot right in, because they promise clarity ofthought and improved cognitive performance. They also let people extend theirquantified· self and life- -hacking efforts into the one part of the day that waspreviously untouched: shut-eye.Relentlessly pursuing productivity only whileyou are awake is for wimps. Sleep -tracking means you can do it round theclock. Oura describes its sensor packed ring as a "secret weapon forpersonal improvement"- -another way to get ahead.1.下列说法符合文章标题的是?A how to?B how to achieve self-improvementC how to monitor your sleepingD seeping hyhegnie and technology that can improveefciency2.What dose "Iife hacks "mean?A life tipsB？C？D privacy monitoring3. What does the sentence mean "decimated m ysocial life”4. What does the sentence mean "the Oura ringsare back- ordered four to six weeks."?5.搞科技的为啥喜欢这个?选项为D.以上全部第三篇: Cosco CiscoIntel 这些公司预见未来，制定未来发展计划的情况，哪些公司可以紧跟时代潮流。

北外考研翻硕试题及答案一、词汇翻译（共10分，每题1分）1. 一带一路2. 人工智能3. 可持续发展4. 供给侧结构性改革5. 共享经济答案：1. Belt and Road Initiative2. Artificial Intelligence3. Sustainable Development4. Supply-Side Structural Reform5. Sharing Economy二、句子翻译（共20分，每题4分）1. 随着全球化的深入发展，跨文化交流变得越来越重要。

2. 创新是推动社会进步的关键因素。

3. 气候变化是全球面临的共同挑战。

4. 教育公平是实现社会公正的基石。

5. 科技创新是推动经济发展的重要动力。

答案：1. With the deepening of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly important.2. Innovation is a key factor in driving social progress.3. Climate change is a common challenge faced by the world.4. Educational equity is the cornerstone of achieving socialjustice.5. Technological innovation is an important driving force for economic development.三、段落翻译（共40分，每题10分）1. 中国的改革开放政策极大地促进了经济的快速发展，提高了人民的生活水平，并为世界经济的增长作出了重要贡献。

2. 随着互联网技术的飞速发展，电子商务已经成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，极大地改变了人们的购物方式。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题一．名词解释十二铜表法傅聪的前丈人小篆史诗魔幻现实主义文艺复兴法国大革命基准利率陋巷策论礼部圭臬二．应用文结合怀柔的人文自然，给怀柔做个旅游广告三．大作文是文明，材料是杭州图书馆让流浪汉看书。

被动语态翻译英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是在不必或不愿说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为了强调动作的承受者等场合，往往都用被动语态。

英语被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况：一、译成汉语主动句。

1．原句中的主语、谓语不变，译文中没有表示被动的标志，如“被、把”字等，形式上是主动句，表达被动意义。

例如：Eg.On Practice has been translated into many foreign languages.《实践论》已译成许多国家的文字。

Eg.The whole country was armed in a few days.几天以内，全国就武装起来了。

2．原句中的主语移到谓语之后，译作宾语。

Eg.Another middle school has been set up in our district．我们区又办了一所中学。

Eg.1，200people had been saved soldiers in the earthquake.在地震中，战士们已救出1200人。

3．译成带表语的主动句。

Eg.The decision to attack was not taken lightly.进攻的决定不是轻易作出的。

Eg.In the old society，women were looked down upon.在旧社会，妇女们是受歧视的。

4．含主语从句的被动句型译为主动句。

以it作形式主语的英语句子，翻译时常要转为主动形式，有时可加上“有人”、“大家”、“我们”等不确定主语。

例如：Eg.It is reported that the enemy has been breeding new strains of killer viruses．据报道敌人正在培育新的杀人病毒。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题一．词组翻译GATTEECAPECFOB十八届四中全会一站式服务西厢记公务专用车石油输出国.......二．段落翻译英译汉：李克强在亚洲做的讲话，汉译英：李克强的政府工作报告※翻译技巧翻译标准-翻译的步骤我们知道，工厂生产一个零件，都有几个相连的工序；翻译一部作品，也有一套首尾一贯、互相联系的完整的实践过程，我们必须按照它的步骤一步一步地完成，并切实抓住各个阶段的重点，那么，译文就达到翻译的标准了。

完成一个译品，大致可分为三个步骤进行。

现分开论述如下：一理解原文什么叫理解？照字面解释，理解就是懂、了解的意思，即懂原文，了解原文。

这里说的理解，就是译者利用两种语言的词汇、语法、修辞等知识，来理解原文的内容和风格。

理解必须通过具体的语言现象、具体的上下文。

一个词，一个词组，甚至一个句子，如果脱离上下文，是难以确定其意义的。

苏联翻译家索伯列夫指出：“在绝大多数情况下，一个词脱离上下文的关系是不能翻译的。

”“离开上下文的密切联系来翻译一个词，总是不可避免地要歪曲原文的意思。

”所以，一定要从上下文的关系上来理解原文，来探索一切可能的译法。

上下文是什么呢？可以是一个句子，一个段落，也可以是一章一节，以至全书。

理解是表达的前提，理解得好坏是表达得好坏的关键。

有些作品，有些人译得好，有些人译得不好，就是理解深度不同。

一个句子，各人理解的程度不同，译文也不一样，所以，理解是重要的一环。

那么，如何理解原文呢？应从哪些方面去理解原文呢？首先要理解原文的语言。

即通过原作的语言现象来理解原作的内容。

因为原作的思想、内容是通过原作的语言形式表达出来的，懂得语言形式及其含意，是理解原作整体内容的基础。

请看下面的句子：①冻死了。

②他眼红了。

“冻死”是真的受冻而死，一命呜呼，还是表示冷得厉害？“眼红”是眼睛因病而红，还是嫉妒别人的意思？两个句子都不好译。

不好译，是因为没能理解原文中的真正意义。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题一．名词解释十二铜表法傅聪的前丈人小篆史诗魔幻现实主义文艺复兴法国大革命基准利率陋巷策论礼部圭臬二．应用文结合怀柔的人文自然，给怀柔做个旅游广告三．大作文是文明，材料是杭州图书馆让流浪汉看书6.5句子的分译上一章里我们讨论了词的分译，现在再来看看句子分译的情况。

句子的分译多指长句的分译，即把一个由多个成分盘根错节地组合而成的长句分译成若干个较短的句子，使表达尽量符合译入语的行文习惯和译入语读者的审美情趣。

英语连接手段十分丰富，可以运用大量的联接词和介词等将各种信息捆绑在主谓结构上，虽显庞杂，但条理清晰，孰主孰从一目了然；汉语则多通过词语或语序来表达各个成分之间的复杂关系，它多使用短句，一个接一个排列下去，组成一串串表面上好像互不相干、实则互相关联的短句串。

翻译时若把英语长句原封不动地照搬过来，会违背汉资料来源：育明考研考博官网语的行文规范，使译文显得冗长乏味，有时甚至会令人感到费解，不知所云。

因此，遇到这种错综复杂的英语长句时，往往需要进行分译。

例如：1）The trouble with the digital revolution is that computers may have speeded up many of the processes of modern life,but they still remain relatively difficult to use.数字革命给我们带来了一些烦恼：计算机一方面可能已加快了现代生活中许多方面的进程，但另一方面相对而言仍然很难使用。

2）The real challenge is how to create systems with many components that can work together and change,merging the physical world with the digital world.我们所面临的真正挑战是如何建立这样一些系统，它们虽由很多成分组成，但可互相兼容，交换使用，从而把物质世界与数字世界融为一体。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题翻译硕士英语，30个单选，（说好的改错呢:)专四难度，三篇选项阅读，一片问答阅读，都是六级难度，不太难，作文是写sow seeds,growth,harvest与大学生教育的关系400词，时间充裕的情况下我只写了300，平时要注意自己的英语写作了，400不好编的。

翻译基础，GATT,EEC,APEC,FOB,十八届四中全会，一站式服务，西厢记，公务专用车，石油输出国，想不起来了，首经贸仿照对外经贸出题，大多数都是经济术语，幸好我提前准备了，哈哈，英汉翻译是李克强在亚洲做的讲话，汉英是李克强的政府工作报告百科写作，名词解释，当时拿到卷我脑子一片空白，说好的选择题呢，一看就感觉跪了，不夸张的说绝对有北外的难度，大家感受下，十二铜表法，傅聪的前丈人（为什么不让我解释前丈人？），小篆，史诗，魔幻现实主义，文艺复兴，法国大革命，基准利率，陋巷，策论，礼部，圭臬，第一年就敢这么出，好样的！应用文是结合怀柔的人文自然，给怀柔做个旅游广告，我靠，有没有考虑过外地考生的感受啊，大作文是文明，材料是杭州图书馆让流浪汉看书。

首经贸总体不难，百科太坑，有没有考首经贸的啊，让我看到你们的双手一、复试办法1.复试考核由专业笔试与综合面试两个环节组成。

2.专业课笔试全面考核考生对各自所报考的专业领域内的理论知识和应用技能的掌握程度，利用所学理论发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力，笔试时间为120分钟。

3.综合面试。

综合面试用全英文进行，包括自我介绍与回答问题两部分。

由不少于5名复试教师为一组进行面试，每位考生至少抽取不少于3道专业题做答。

每名考生的面试时间不少于20分钟。

综合面试总分为100分。

分值比例如下：口头表达20分；听力反应20分；基础知识20分；学术潜质20分；综合素养20分。

4.依据外国语言文学硕士研究生复试的操作惯例，本次复试无第二外语测试。

5.同等学力考生需加试英语专业本科高年级所修“高级英语”这一科目科目。

2015年首都经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题一．词组翻译GATTEECAPECFOB十八届四中全会一站式服务西厢记公务专用车石油输出国.......二．段落翻译英译汉：李克强在亚洲做的讲话，汉译英：李克强的政府工作报告如何记忆翻译硕士英语常用词汇单词是不是感觉越背记住的越少，而且刚刚背过还没几个小时就忘了，如果你还是这样的情况，那么就来听听巧妙记忆翻译硕士相关词汇。

1.ubl，bili=able，表示“能力”able a能够的ability n能力habilitate v装备;使具备能力(h可看作have+abilit+ate→有能力→使具备能力) rehabilitate v修复，翻新;使健康;改造(犯罪)(re重新+hubiliate具备能力) debilitate v削弱力量，使衰弱(de去掉+abilit+ate→去掉能力→使衰弱) debility n体弱，虚弱(de去掉+ability能力)2.agog=lead，表示“引导”demagogue n煽动者(dem人民+agogue→引导肉民者→煽动者)pedagoue n教师(ped儿童+agogue→引导儿童者→教师)agog a渴望的，热心的(引导人往前走的心情→渴望的)3.agon=struggle，表示“挣扎，斗争”agony n痛苦agonize v感到苦恼(agon+ize)antagonize v反对，对抗(ant[=anti反]+agon+ize→反过来斗争→对抗) antagonist n对手(ant[=anti反]+agon+ist→反过来斗争之人→对手)4.alb=white，表示“白色”albsecent a发白的(alb+escent产生……的→产生白的)albino n白化病(alh+ino表示某种病)album n相册;集邮册(alb+um表示物→空白的东西→用来放东西的册子)5.alg=pain，表示“痛”neuralgia n神经病(nrur神经+alg+ia→神经痛的病)nostalgia n思乡病(nost家+alg+ia→想家)analgesic n止痛药(an无+alg+esic药物→无痛药物→止痛药)6.alt=high，表示“高”altitude n高度(alt+itude表名词)altimeter n高度计(alri+meter测量计)alto n男高音(alt+o)altar n祭坛(alt+ar→高出的东西→祭坛)exealt v升高，赞扬(ex出+alt→高出来→升高;赞扬)exalted a高贵的;被赞扬的7.ampl=large，表示“大”ample a宽大的;充足的amplify v放大，扩大(ampl+ify表动词→扩大)amplitude n广大，宽阔(ampl+itude表名词)8.anci，antiq=old，表示“古老”ancient a古代的(anci+ent)ancientry n古旧;古代事物(ancient古代的+ry表名词)antique a古代的n.古物antiquated a陈旧的(antique+ated)antiquity n古旧，古代(antique古代的+ity)9.andro=male，man表示“男人”aoderogynous a不男不女的(andro+gyn妇女ous)android n机器人polyandry n一妻多夫制(poly多+andry男人)10.arbit(r)=judge，表示“判断”ablter n仲裁人;泰斗(arbit+er表示人)arbirary a武断的(arbitr+ary→做出[自己的]判断→武断的)arbitrate v仲裁，公断(arbitr+ate)11.arc(h)=bow，表示“弓”archer n弓箭手(arch+er人)arch n拱形arcade n连拱廊(arc+ade表名词，如cascade瀑布)12.arm=weapon，表示“武器”armada n舰队(arm+ada表名词，通常表示群体)armistice n休战;停战条约(armi+stice[=stand停止]→武器停止→休战) armor n盔甲(arm+or)disarm v解除武器(dis去掉+arm→去掉武器)armament n军队;兵器(arm+a+ment→武器→兵器)13.aug=increase，表示“增加”augment v增大(aug+ment)auction n拍卖(auct[=aug]+ion[价钱]扩大→拍卖)august a威严的august n八月(八月是水果长大的季节)augury n预兆，征兆(augu+ry→[使事态扩大的]预兆，augur愿意是“鸟”的意思，古人根据看到什么“鸟”来做出预料)14.balm=balsam，表示“香油”balm n香油;安慰物balmy a芬芳的;温和的(balm+y)embalm v保存尸体;铭记(em进入+balm→古人用香油等保存尸体，引申为铭记) 15.ban=prohibit，表示“禁止”ban n禁止;禁令banal a平庸的;陈腐的(ban+al→被禁止的→陈腐的)banish v流放，驱逐出境(ban+ish表动词→禁止入境→驱逐)abandon v抛弃，放弃(a不+ban+don给予→不禁止给出去→放弃)16.bar=weight表示“重，压”baric a气压的barometer n气压针(baro+meter计量器)baritone n男中音(bari+tone声音→压下去的声音→男中音)17.barr=sticj，表示，“捧，栏”barrage n阻塞，遮断(barr+age表名词→用捧拦住→阻塞)barricade n障碍物(barr+ic+ade表名词)barrier n栅栏(barr+ier)embarrass v使发育，使难堪(em进入+barr+ass表名词→被拦住→使难堪) 18bat=beat，表示“打，击”batter v连续猛打(bat+ter常表示连续动作，如stutter口吃)abate v减少，减轻(a不bat+e→不再打击→减轻[痛苦]等)debate v辩论，讨论(de加强+dat+e→加强打击→反驳，辩论)rebate v减少;回扣(re回+bat+e→打回去的[东西]→回扣)combat n战斗(com共同+bal→共同→共同打→战斗)baton n棍，警棍(bat+on)battle n战斗(batt+le)battalion n营(batt+alion表名词→打的[队伍]→部队的营)19.biblio=book，表示“书”bibliography n书目提要(biblio+araphy学科→书的学科→书目提要) bibliophile n藏书家(biblio+phile爱→爱书的人)Bible n圣经biblophobla n憎恶书籍(biblio+phob恨+ia病→恨书的病)20.blanc=vwhile表示“白”blank a空白的(blanc的变体blanket n毯子(blank+et→白色[织物]→靴子)blanch v漂白，发白(blanc的变体)21.brace=two arms，表示“两臂”brace v支持，使坚固的n.支持物bracelet n手镯(brace+let小东西→带在手上的小东西→手镯) embrace v拥抱;包括(em进入+brace→进入两臂→拥抱)22.braid=twist，表示“扭”braid v编成辫子upbraid v叱骂，谴责(up向上+braid→向上扭→扭住不放→叱骂) embroidery n刺绣(em使+broid[=braid]+ery→使[线]扭在一起→刺绣) 23，bu=ox，表示“牛”bull n公牛bully v欺负(别人)(象公牛一样吓唬别人)bucolic a牧场的，田园的(buc+olie表形容词)buffalo n公牛(可能是bull的变体)bugle n军号，喇叭(bull+angle的组合)24.calc=stone，表示“石头”calculate v计算(calc+ulate)calcfy n钙化;僵化(calc+ify)recalcitrant a顽固的;不服从的(re重新+|calc+itrant表形容词→重新变成石头顽固的)calcium n钙(cale+ium表名词，常指化学元素，如;alu-minium铝) 25.calori=heat，表示“热”calorie n热卡calorify v加热(calor+ify表动词)calorifacient a生热的(calori+fac做+ient→做出热→生热的)26.camp=field表示“田野”camp n营地campus n校园(camp+us)encamp v宿营(en进入+camp营地)campaign n战役(camp+aign名词后缀→营地→战役)27.car，char=dear，表示“可爱的”caress v/n.爱抚，拥抱charity n慈爱(char+ity)charitable a慈善的(charity+able能…..的)cherish v珍爱(cher[=char]+ish表动词，如finish)28.Card chart=paper，表示“纸片”chart n图表charter n特许状;契约(chart+er→纸上的东西→契约等)chartered a特许的;包租的(用契约的形式把东西包下来)discard v放弃，抛弃(dis去掉+card+把[废纸]扔掉→抛弃)29.cast=pure，表示“纯洁”caste n种姓制度chaste a纯洁的(chast=cast)castigate v惩罚;严厉批评(cast+igate表动词→使…纯洁→惩罚[错误]) 30.cav=hole，表示“洞”cave n洞穴cavity n穴;腔(cav+ity)cavelet n小洞(cave+let小东西→小洞穴)cavern n大洞concave a凹面的(con全部+cave→全部像洞一样→凹进去的)excavate v挖掘(ex出+cav+ate→从洞中出来→挖出)excavation n挖掘;出土文物31.cwns=judge，表示“判断”censor a审查员(cens+or→判断之人→审查员)censorious a挑剔的(censor+ious→用审查员的[眼光]看→挑剔的) censure n责难(cens+ure→判断审查[别人]--责难)census n人口普查(cens+us表名词→查[人口]→普查)32.chor=sing，dance，表示“歌，舞”chaorus n合唱(队)(chor+us表名词)choreographer n舞蹈动作设计者(chor+eo+graph写+er人→写舞蹈的人) choreography n舞蹈设计(chor+eo+graphychoir n合唱队(choir=chor)33.ehrom=color，表示“颜色”monochrome a单色的(mono单个+chrome颜色)chromatic a彩色的(chrom+atic形容词后缀)chromosome n染色体(chrom+o+some形体)34.cil=call，表示“召集”conceiliate v安抚，劝诱(con共同+cil+iate→把人召集到一起来→安抚[别人]) conciliatory a安抚的(conciliate+ory)reconcile v和解(re再+con+cil+e→[双方]再次召集到一起→和解) irreconcilable a不可调和的(ir不+reconcile+able能…..的)35civ=citizen，表示“公民”civil a市民的civlity n谦恭，礼仪(civil市民→文明+ity→谦恭有礼)civilian n民众，平民(civil+ian)civilization n文明，文化(civil市民→文明+ization[ize+ation]→文明)36.coct=cook，表示“煮，调配”concoct v编造，虚构(con全部+coct→全部是调配出来的→编造)decoct v煎，熬(de强调+coct→不断煮→煎熬)precocious a早熟的(pre提早+coc+ious→提早熟→早熟的)precocity n早熟(pre+coc+ity)37.cogn=know，表示“知道”cognition n认知，认识(cogn+ition)cognizable a可认识的(cogn+ize+able→能够知道的)cognizant a知晓的(cogn+ize+ant)recognize v认出(re再+cogn+ize→再次知道→认出来)precognition n预知，预见(pre预先+cogn+ition→预先知道→预知)=banquet，表示“宴会”comedy n喜剧(com+edy表名词→像宴会一样热闹→喜剧)comic a好笑的(由喜剧而来)encomiun n高度赞扬(en进入+com+ium→开宴会庆祝→高度赞扬)资料来源：育明考研考博官网。

2018年首都经济贸易大学705基础英语翻译部分考研真题及详解Translation Practice (40%)Section A Translate the following passage into English (20%)青年兴则国家兴，青年强则国家强。

青年一代有理想、有本领、有担当，国家就有前途，民族就有希望。

中国梦是历史的、现实的，也是未来的；是我们这一代的，更是青年一代的。

中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦终将在一代代青年的接力奋斗中变为现实。

【参考译文】A nation will prosper only when its young people thrive. If the younger generation has ideals, abilities and responsibilities, the country will have a bright future and the nation will have hope. Chinese dream is historical, realistic and approaching; it belongs to our generation, especially the younger one. The Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will eventually become a reality in the relay struggle of generations of young people.Section B Translate the following passage into Chinese (20%)I had now brought my state of life to be much easier in itself than it was at first, and much easier to my mind, as well as to my body. I frequently sat down to meat with thankfulness, and admired the hand of God’s providence, which had thus spread my table in the wilderness. I learned to look more upon the bright side of my condition, and less upon the dark side, and to consider what I enjoyed rather than what I wanted; and this gave me sometimes such secret comforts, that Icannot express them; and which I take notice of here, to put those discontented people in mind of it, who cannot enjoy comfortably what God has given them, because they see and covet something that He has not given them. All our discontents about what we want appeared to me to spring from the want of thankfulness for what we have.【参考译文】与当初上岛时相比，我已大大改善了自己的生活状况。

二十道词汇选择的答案1 precipitate选项还有precitate, presitate,precititate2 attributable to 选项还有contributing to,attributed with,attributed to（be attributable to归因于,归咎于,归功于…）3 payable at sight4 irrespective of5 disposable6 looking forward to (receiving...)选项还有receive...7 at the expense of 选项还有at expense of...8 (take out ) a mortgage 选项还有take in,take on,take out9 scoff at the idea that 选项还有support for，stand over...10 profiteering11 (enclosed )please find选项还有the enclosed,enclosing,the attached12 Theoretically, lending rates have already been liberalised, with no floor on them; in reality, bankers say they still price loans off the （benchmark）.选项还有bottom line,interest rate13 null and void 选项还有ineffective14 purchasing power15 The company is reported to have (liabilities) of $1989 A debt B asset C responsibilities D liabilities16 Should any damage to the goods occur, a claim may ( be filed against) the insurance agent at your be lodged to B lodge against C be filled with D be filed against 网上的原句是be filed with,所以只能选D17 Lack the (expertise) in dealing with... A expert B expertise D acknowledgment18 only if...can选项还有only when...did,...19 (is committed to) doing 选项还有is obliged to,is promised to,is convinced to20 Carbon dioxide (emissions) 选项还有ejections改错今年没有前两年难，10个都比较简单阅读题五篇第一篇阅读1 What dose the word "shrink" mean?A ThriveB StableC ExpandD Compress选D2 Why dose the author mention IAB in the second paragraph?A to explain why the digital advertising market has weakened recently.B to support the viewpoint that digital advertising market has weakened.C to argue the point that digital advertising market has weakened recently.D 忘了选B3 According to this article, Facebook might NOT be the competitor of mobile advertising for Google?A TrueB FalseC Not given选B4 According to this article, Microsoft might be the competitor of mobile advertising for Google?A TrueB FalseC Not given选C5 According to this article, Snapchat might be the competitor of mobile advertising for Google?A TrueB FalseC Not given选A第二篇阅读题源6 According to paragraph 1, What is the main purpose of the Sino-British plan?A To participate in the APEC CEO Summit 2014.B To learn why China is so good at numbers.C To help control China's air pollution.D选B7 What dose the word "Accolade" mean?A NeutralB AnimadversionC DepreciateD Praise选D8 9 According to this article, what is one hypothesis of the academic debate about why China is so good at numbers EXPECT—8—and —9—A It's all about genetic.B It's all because of the pedagogical strategies.C Mandarin is a better language to learn maths.D Chinese spend most of their time learning maths.E 出题老师编的，大概是中国学生喜欢学数学8 D 9 E10Which is the theme of the article?A British faith in Chinese education fails to add upB British faith in Chinese education remains stable.C British faith in Chinese education.D 忘了选A add up 有合乎情理的意思第三篇阅读题源选HeadlineA The Chinese tech market is an alluring one.B But Microsoft may actually be better off in China than many other US tech companies.C Instead, worse off in the China market are hardware companies like Cisco and IBM.D It’s been a rough year for foreign tech companies in China.11. Microsoft is the latest to make headlines with a tale of woe, in the form of a $140m tax fee paid to Chinese authorities. (Microsoft prefers to call it a $140m “bilateral advanced pricing agreement”). This comes on top of an antitrust investigation launched in July and this week’s news that one of China’s largest companies is switching its email service away from Microsoft.12. Due to rampant piracy, Microsoft’s revenues in China have never been very big (about the same size as revenues in the Netherlands). Microsoft’s overall revenues rose 25 per cent last quarter, year on year, despite the “more challenging environment”reported in China and Russia.13. Cisco’s sales in China have halved during the past two years, driven by a backlash after the Snowden revelations and by the increasing capabilities of Chinese equipment manufacturers like Huawei. IBM’s China revenues are falling too, the company disclosed last quarter –on top of a 22 per cent year-on-year drop in the comparable quarter last year. IBM said a tough hardware market was to blame. The company will exit part of that business with the sale of its x86 server business to Lenovo, a deal that closed in October.Then there’s Qualcomm, which partners with Chinese manufacturers who produce its chips; the company says one-fifth of its licensed 3G/4G devices are going unreported (which means no licence fees). The company is having trouble resolving these disputes because it is simultaneously the subject of a Chinese antitrust investigation.14. IT spend in China may grow at per cent next year, as forecast by IDC, to the US’s per cent, but given the size of their respective markets –the US is three.答案是11 D 12 B 13 C 14A第四篇阅读题源Even at 25 years’distance from that world-changing event, the fall of the Berlin Wall, what inspires admiration is the civilised manner in which the people of Poland, Hungary, East Germany and Czechoslovakia –____15_______–dismantled communist regimes that had oppressed them since the late 1940s.The peaceful change that underpinned the rebirth of Poland and Hungary, the unification of East and West Germany in 1990 and Czechoslovakia’s “velvet divorce”in 1993 into separate Czech and Slovak states was a precondition for each country’s success. Where violence accompanied the end of communism, as in the former Yugoslavia, ___16 ________.The collective term “eastern Europe”made little sense in the communist era, given the conspicuous differences in each country’s history, economy, ethnic composition, one-party system and relationship with Moscow. It makes even less sense today –______17 _______with Nato and the EU, of which they are members or partners.As David Lipton, the International Monetary Fund’s first deputy managing director, says in 25 Years of Transition, an IMF report: “After years of isolation from the western economic system, and after the distortions and deprivations of the communist system, most citizens just wanted to live in a normal country with a normal economy and, ____18____, that vision was captured in the allure of integrating with western Europe.”Not everything is “normal”in the region. Per capita gross domestic product in Poland, which in some respects is?the star economic performer, is slightly more than half that of Germany. This is a big improvement from 1989, when it was about a third, but there remains much catching up to do.A given their history and geographyB progress has been more unevenC except insofar as all identify security and prosperityD with varying degrees of help from reformers inside the power apparatus答案是15D 16 B 17 C 18 A第五篇阅读题源19 According to the writer, who might be the big winner of the Singles’Day?A RetailersB ConsumersC Delivery companiesD Both consumers and delivery companiesE 忘了选D20 Why dose the cash flow of Alibaba grow much more slowly than their profit?A Because they spent money on data centres.B Because they spent money on land rights.C Because they spent money on construction.D All the above.选D作文题源WTO公布的world trade report 2014PDF工具栏第二十页的图要求write a report，字数要求300-350字describe,compare and analyze the world trade,GDP and trade between 1990 and 2013. 这个题干写的有点错误，不过应该可以看出来，应该是describe,compare and analyze the world trade,GDP and trade /GDP between 1990 and 2013.还有GDP和trade /GDP两条线一定要分清楚，很多人把这两条线弄混了，太吃亏了。