2019届高考英语一轮复习语法检测(6)情态动词和虚拟语气

语法检测-情态动词和虚拟语气

一、单项选择

1. If you ________ smoke, please go outside.

A．can B．should

C．must D．may

答案：C。句意：如果你一定要吸烟，请到外面去。if you must do sth.“如果你一定要做某事”(表示虽不赞同，但允许)，为习惯用语。

2． The police still haven't found the lost child，but they're doing all they ________.

A．can B．may

C．must D．should

答案：A。本题考查情态动词。句意：警察还是没有找到那个走失的孩子，但是他们在尽最大努力。can表示能力，意为：能够。all they can同 all that they can do。

3．—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone______it.

A. will have stolen B. might have stolen

C. should have stolen D. must have stolen

答案：B。本题考查情态动词＋have done。句意：——我把手提包落火车上了，幸运的是，有人把它交给了列车人员。——能拿回包来真是不可思议。我的意思是说，有人可能会把它偷走。will have done 为将来完成时，might have done有两层含义，一表示“过去可能干过”，二表示“过去本可能干而事实上没干”；should have done本应该干某事而事实上没干，must have done过去肯定干过。由语境可知B项正确，此处为might have done的第二层含义。

4．We ________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.

A．will put B．will have put

C．would put D．would have put

答案：D。本题考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是因为约翰最近受伤的话，我们昨天就把他的名字写在比赛名单上了。but for his recent injury是含蓄虚拟条件句，而且句中有明确的时间状语，故主句用would have done。

5. Maybe if I ________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give

you more help. A. studied B. would study

C. had studied D. was studying

答案：C。本题考查虚拟语气。句意：或许当时如果我不学文学而学自然科学的话，我会给你更多的帮助。if从句若表示不能实现的假设，要用虚拟语气；根据关键词then可知if从句表示过去的动作，故用过去完成时态。

二、单句语法填空

1．(2018·安徽江淮十校联考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one ________

leave with his own work uncompleted.

【答案】shall 句意：因为截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何人不许离开。shall用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。

2．(2015·四川卷)You ________ be careful with the camera.It costs!

【答案】must 考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：你千万要当心这个相机。它价格不菲！从后面It costs！可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心”，此处表示必须，因此要用must。

3．(2015·江苏卷)It might have saved me some trouble if I ________ (know) the

schedule.

【答案】had known 句意：如果我早知道这个计划表，可能会给我省去一些麻烦。根据语境和主句中的might have saved可推知，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故if引导的条件状语从句中谓语动词用had done结构，故填had known。

4．(2018·天津七校联考)I was ill that day, or I ________ (take) part in the sports

meet.

【答案】would have taken 由句中or可知此处为含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have done结构。

5．(2018·东北三校联考)The order came that the medical supplies ________ (send)

to the earthquake­stricken area soon.

【答案】(should) be sent 表示建议、要求、命令等的名词suggestion，order，request，advice等的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。

三、单句改错

1．(2015·四川卷)If you are me, would you talk to them? ________

【答案】are→were 根据句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，be动词应用were。

2．(2017·浙江卷)Without hesitation, I decided to follow them and we did had lots

of fun that day. ________

【答案】had→have did加强语气，后跟动词原形。

3．Most citizens in Hong Kong strongly insisted that those who attacked the police

with violence were put into prison. ________

【答案】were→be 句意：大多数香港市民坚决要求那些用暴力袭击警察的人被关进监狱。insist作“坚持，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句的谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”，这里those与put之间存在动宾关系，所以用be put。

4．(2018·郑州第三次预测)He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about

the game. ________

【答案】删除to 考查情态动词。dare既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare的过去式为dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明dare在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。

5．(2018·河北邯郸联考)However, just several days later, I began to feel tired and

can't concentrate in class. ________

【答案】can't→couldn't and连接两个并列的谓语，根据began可知，can't也应用过去式形式。故将can't改为couldn't。

四、语篇填空，在空格处填入适当的情态动词，使上下文意义通顺

Despite the fact that you __1__ wear school uniform every day，you __2__ still

find yourself a place at the cutting edge(领先地位)of fashion.From coloured

shoelaces to special snacks(零食)，this is what the cool kids in your class believe

in for the summer.

It __3__ not be practical for you to have a new pair of shoes every day，but

moving from one colour shoelaces to another __4__ show your desire for a new

look.Bright colours—red，green，light gold，pink，purple，are the top

choices.There are also sports laces that come in colour combinations，such as

red/white and red/black.You __5__ even try to lace up your sports shoes in two

colours!

Has changing cell phone accessories(小挂件) become part of your life？Although

you __6__ not be able to afford the most advanced phone，you __7__ still decorate

it.Girls

__8__ prefer fluffy (毛茸茸的)Teddy Bears that change colour according to

the temperature，while many boys like taking accessories that say things such as

“The teacher is coming”． Try sticking photos(大头照 )．They are cheap，convenient and __9__ be carried

around in your wallet.You __10__ even choose special backgrounds of cartoon figures

to show your individuality(个性)．

【答案】 1.have to 2.can 3.may 4.can/will

5．can/may 6.may 7.can 8.may 9.can 10.can/may

五、语篇填空

Once there was a farmer who grew the best corn every year and __1__ made others

confused was that he always offered to share his best seeds with his neighbors.

When __2__ (ask) why he did something like this, he explained, “We all know

that it is the wind __3__ picks up pollen(花粉) from the corn and spreads it from

pollen will __4__ (steady) damage the quality of my corn. If I had not help my