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Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。
in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。
注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。
e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。
Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。
(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。
Unit4 Astronomy：the science of the stars词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________要求学生掌握本单元的重点单词、重点短语、重要词汇辨析并能熟练应用。
一、重点短语1.in time 及时；终于2. lay eggs下蛋3. give birth to 产生；分娩4. in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着5. prevent... from 阻止；制止6. block out 挡住（光线）7. cheer up 感到高兴,感到振奋8. now that 既然；因为9. break out 突发；爆发10. watch out密切注视,当心二、词义辨析1. collide属正式用词，常与不及物动词，可与with搭配，其名词为collisioncrash属普通用词，可作名词、及物动词和不及物动词，作不及物动词时常与介词into搭配2. break out指灾难性的事件，如战争、火灾、疾病等的爆发happen强调事件发生的偶然性come about常指不受控制的事情的发生，相当于。
常用句型：How does/did it come about…? ·····是怎样发生的？3.lie, lie , lay 的区别如下:三、要点梳理1. in time及时；终于；迟早；最后on time准时；按时in no time 立即；马上at a time依次；每次；逐一at one time曾经；一度at no time从不at the same time同时in time for刚好赶上2.atmosphere(n.)大气层；空气；气氛atmosphere作为“大气层、大气”讲时常与定冠词the搭配；作“气氛、氛围”讲时常与不定冠词搭配；作先行词时，其后的定语从句如果缺少状语，引导词用where，如果缺少宾语或主语用that 或which。
Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars教案（人教版必修3）Period 5Using language: Extensive reading整体设计教材分析This is the fifth teaching period of this unit. As usual, the teacher should check students’ homework and offer chances for them to go over what they learned in the last period at the beginning of the class. Then lead in the new lesson.In this period, the teaching emphasis will be put on developing students’ reading ability by reading extensively. We will deal with two parts: A VISIT TO THE MOON in Using language on Pages 30-31 and CAUGHT BY A BLACK HOLE in Reading Task on Page 66. While reading, get students learning to use some reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, and so on. As to new words and phrases, the teacher can first find those students feel most difficult and help them to understand. That’s enough here. The reading passage A VISIT TO THE MOON is a science fiction story which imagines what it might be like if an astronaut visited the moon. The purpose of science fiction writing is to combine facts with a story to make students interested and excited about travel in space. It is also to stimulate awe and wonder into the vastness of space. As this reading uses the information students have gained from the listening, the teacher can first ask some students to retell the listening text to lead in the topic and then ask students to read the passage and do some comprehending exercises. While checking their answers with the whole class, deal with language problems students can’t work out by t hemselves. This is an extensive reading lesson, so the teaching steps should be simple. As to the passage CAUGHT BY A BLACK HOLE, it is to continue the above story. The astronomers in the story visit a place in space, which seems impossible for people to reach, the “black hole”. It is to help students imagine what it is like near a “black hole”. Ask students to read through the passage and try to know more about astronomy and gravity.At the end of the class, ask students to retell the two passages. In order to arouse students’ interest, the teacher can hold a competition among them.教学重点1. Develop students’ reading skills by extensive reading.2. Let students read and understand the two passages.教学难点1. Enable students to learn to use reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, and so on.2. Get students to understand the science fiction stories in this unit.三维目标知识目标1. Get students to learn some useful new words and expressions in this part: spaceship, pull, float, mass, cheer up, now that, break out2. Get students to read the science fiction stories.能力目标1. Develop students’ reading skills by extensive reading and e nable them to learn how to use different reading skills to read different reading materials.2. Have students learn to use the useful new words and expressions correctly.3. Enable students to understand the passages and know more about astronomy and gravity.情感目标1. Stimulate students’ interest in astronomy and space travel.2. Develop students’ s ense of group cooperation and teamwork.教学过程→Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Ask some pairs of students to come to the front and act out their dialogue to review the expressions of giving instructions.3. Have some students talk about Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking as well as their ideas on gravity.→Step 2 Warming upLet students to brainstorm the following questions:What country first sent people into space?How many countries have succeeded in sending people into space so far?Who first landed on the moon?Who is the first Chinese astronaut to go into space?Do you want to visit the moon?→Step 3 Reading1. Ask students to read the passage and then describe the three ways in which gravity changed for Li Yanping and how his weight changed.1) Write down the three ways in which gravity changed for Li Yanping.The way gravity changedLeft the earthIn spaceOn the moonSuggested answers:The way gravity changedLeft the earth The gravity became very strong.In space The gravity disappeared.On the moon The gravity became very light.2) His weight changed three times, too. Now write them down.How his weight changedLeft the earthIn spaceOn the moonSuggested answers:How his weight changedLeft the earth He became very heavy.In space He had no weight and could float around like a feather.On the moon He was about one-sixth of his weight on the earth.2. Ask students to read the passage aloud to the tape and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Let students read them aloud and copy them down in their exercise book after class as homework. Try to keep them in mind.Collocations: be lucky enough to do, have a chance, make a trip into space, explain sth. to sb. , the force of gravity, be off, the pull of the earth’s gravity, fall back to the earth, fall to theground, too far from the earth, as if, at all, get close to, cheer up, come on, less than, down the steps, step forward, twice as far as, fall over, a bit of, now that, after a while, get the hang of, break out, on the outside of, be pushed into→Step 4 Important language points1. Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful.在启程以前, 李彦平向我解释说, 在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变, 而第一次的改变将是最强的。
UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsGrammar导学案2学习重点：正确选择关系词并运用主语从句。
学习难点：关系代词和关系副词的用法区别。
课前预习案Previewing Case使用说明及学法指导：1. 自我学习课本29页的内容,完成预习案进行自我检测。
2. 完成时间20分钟。
Task 1 Discussion: Everybody has an amazing mother who gives us life and the whole affection. We thank them very much.Q1：What do you think of your mother? Please share your feelings with us.*I think ____________________________*I wonder_________________________________*I feel _____________________________*I’m sure _________________________________Q2: Do you think you know your mother very well?*What my mother likes is_____________________________________________________*What my mother doesn't like is________________________________________________*What makes my mother happy is_______________________________________________*What my mother needs is_____________________________________________________ Task 2 Listen to a song and fill in the blanks. Here I have given you the lyrics of the song. Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine I'm leaving my life in your hands People say①______I'm crazy and that I am blind Risking it all in a glance②_____ you got me blind is still a mystery I can't get you out of my headDon't care ③____ is written in you history As long as you're here with meI don't care ④____ you are,_____ you're from,____ you didAs long as you love me Who you are Where you're from Don't care ⑤____ you did As long as you love me Every little thing that you have said and doneFeels like it's deep within me Doesn't really matter if you’re on the runIt seems like(as if)⑥_______ we're meant to beTask 3 Revision: Find the subjects in the following sentences.1. A tree has fallen across the road.2. You are a student.3. To find your way can be a problem.4. Smoking is harmful to you.5. What she said is not yet known.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It’s certain that we shall be late.Conclusion(from 5&6 ): 主语从句：一个句子在________引导下,在另一个句子中充当______(相当于一个___词)的从句。
（新人教版）高中英语必修三《Unit4Astronomy the science of the stars》精品教案Teaching aims:1. Enable the students to learn the usage of key words and phrases and find the rules of the subject clause2. Get the students to cultivate the awareness of protecting the earth Teaching important/difficult points: The subject clauseTeaching methods:Help the students practice learning about language, using a co-operative method.Teaching aids: A multiple-media computer & a blackboardTeaching procedures:Step I Review the important phrases in the text.1.向四面八方_____________2.及时，终于____________3.冷却；平静下来______________4.与…不同_____________5. 依赖…；决定于…____________6. (除... 之外)也，又____________7.成长为，渐成，变为__________ 8.下蛋______________9.产生，分娩______________ 10.轮到某人，接着____________11. 阻止…____________ 12.作为... 的结果，由于__________Step nguage points:1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock they were in time to produce the water vapour,….①in time: sooner or later; 迟早；最后。
Unit 4 Astronomy: The science of the stars单元复习学案（人教版必修3）一．知识回顾I.重点词汇及短语1.太阳系_____________________2.及时；终于___________________3.下蛋 ______________________4.产生；分娩____________________5.轮到某人；接着_______________6.阻止；制止 ___________________7..挡住（光线）___________________8.感到高兴；感到振奋 _____________9.既然 _______________________ 10.突发；爆发 __________________11.密切注视；当心；提防 ____________ 12.开始存在；产生________________ 13.当着某人的面_____________________ 14.对……有害_____________________II.词汇运用1. presence①He apologized to her _________________ the whole family. （当着家人的面）②All the people ___________ at the party were his supporters.A. presentB. thankfulC. interestedD. important③The Grammy Awards _____________every year in the music industry in the UnitedStates.(授予; 给予)④Please allow me to _______Mr. Brown _______you.(介绍，引见)⑤出席________________ 提出自己的观点_____________________2. harmful①Don’t read in the sun, for it’s _______________________________(对你的眼睛有害)②对某人有害___________________________________________3. exist①.做这种手术的技术早已存在__________________________________________________________________________②. When did the world ______ ______ ______________？(开始形成)4. in time①If you catch the early bus, you will get there_______________(及时)②Keep on working, and you will succeed __________________(终究)5. prevent …from ; stop /keep…from①Something must be done to ________the environment___________________(防止污染).②She ___________ her eyes_______(保护)the sun with her hands.③You should prevent your son _______ too many computer gamesA to playB playingC playD from play6.cheer up①____________a bit, things aren’t that bad.②The crowd ________the runners _________(为……加油鼓励)when they started the last lap.7.break out①介、副词填空(1)She started to speak, then broke ______ while a waitress served us with coffee.(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke ______.(3)Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work.(4)Should another world war break ______， what would become of human beings?(5)Firemen had to break the door ______ to reach the people trapped inside.(6)The meeting broke ______ at eleven o'clock.②----Do you know when the Anti-Japanese War________?-----Of course. As a Chinese, I’ll never forget that day: July7,1937.A broke outB broke upC broke inD broke off③If Mike carries on working like this, he’ll ______sooner or later.A put downB get downC break downD go down⒏ now that①既然你恢复健康了，你可以继续你的工作了。
__________________________________________________________________________②____________you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of itA. now thatB. after C Although D As soon as⒐ in one’s turn①We protect the environment and __________it benefits us a lot.(转而; 反过来)②We drove the cars ________________(轮流)③We took turns ______________the car (轮流)10.too … to……①One is never too old to learn.(英译汉)____________________________________________________________________________②I am too eager to go home. (英译汉)____________________________________________________________________________⒒ set out①They set out on a sightseeing tour. (英译汉)________________________________________②They set out to examine the ship. (英译汉)_________________________________________12. watch out①______ ______(当心)！ There is a car coming!②______ ______ ______(当心 )cars while crossing the road.③______ ______ not to catch a cold.＝______ ______ not to catch a cold. 当心别着凉。
III. 巩固练习1). 单词拼写1.The computer s_________ has broken down.2.We should try our best to apply _______（理论）to practice.3.The _____________（气氛）of the meeting is very friendly.4.She is u_______ her mother; she is tall and her mother is very short.5.Wide differences of character e______ even in children of the same family.2). 单句改错1.An ugly building blocked up the view from the window.__________________________2.You have to watch out the heavy traffic while crossing theroad._______________________3.People often wear sunglasses to prevent their eyes from stronglight.____________________4.Your presence at the meeting made this possible to have a furtherdiscussion.______________5.That worried us much that so many students failed in theexam._____________________3). 句型转换1.These small plants filled the seas with oxygen encouraging the later developmentof early shellfish.These small plants filled the seas with oxygen, _________ __________ the later development of early shellfish.2.We are so far from the earth that we can’t feel the pull from the earth.We are _______far from the earth ___ ___________ the pull from the earth.3The well-known scientist came up with a theory that was widely accepted.The well-known scientist came up with a _____ __________ theory.4. Since I am free now, I can enjoy music for a while.______ _______ I am free now, I can enjoy music for a while.5. He studied hard. As a result, he got high marks.He studied hard, ________ he got high marks.IV.英译汉1. It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth’s atmosphere, into the oceans and seas.____________________________________________________________________________2. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.____________________________________________________________________________3. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.____________________________________________________________________________4. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and moon larger.____________________________________________________________________________5. We watched amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.____________________________________________________________________________V. 完形填空Dear Ann,I don’t get along well with my mother. It feels like every time my mother andI start to have a(n) 1 , it turns into an argument. We talk about something as2 as dinner plans or travel plans. And3 , my mother will make a remark pushing the chat into World War III. She’ll talk about my lack of a(n)4 future because I don’t plant to be a doctor. And much to her5 , I don’t want to do any jobrelated to the science field either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I 6 to major in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?”She’ll 7 all the time. Her co-worker’s son 8 a four-year scholarship in college. Now he is 9 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to 10 except that I simply can’t be like Mr Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to 11 in the community, write until the sun goes down, and 12 , wants to achieve a career because I love it . I don’t want to do a job just for fame or 13 .I understand why my mother is 14 my future majors. I’ve seen my mother 15 to raise me on her little salary（工资）and long hours. She 16 the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 or even 6 pm. 17 , I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll 18 be successful. I’d rather follow my 19 and create my own future.Dear Ann, could you give me some 20 ? I do want to solve this problem.Sincerely Tony 1．A．suggestion B．agreement C．conversationD．discussion2．A．simple B．unnecessary C．basicD．important3．A．scarcely B．fortunately C．directly D．suddenly4．A．immediate B．bright C．clear D．different 5．A．disappointment B．surprise C．amusement D．regret 6．A．pretended B．continued C．refused D．planned 7．A．guess B．whisper C．complain D．state8．A．started B．received C．examined D．developed 9．A．finding B．giving C．expecting D．earning 10．A．answer B．compare C．change D．want11．A．take off B．cheer up C．help out D．show off12．A．on all sides B．most of all C．in the end D．on the contrary13．A．pleasure B．award C．power D．money14．A．fond of B．interested in C．worried about D．angry at 15．A．decide B．struggle C．work D．hope16．A．observes B．checks C．cleans D．leaves17．A．Usually B．Also C．However D．Therefore18．A．surely B．luckily C．specially D．unexpectedly 19．A．voices B．dreams C．steps D．words20．A．advice B．abilities C．examples D．timeVI阅读理解We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.So, you have to give a speech - and you’re terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank goodness, it’s over. I’m just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again. ”Cheer up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. H ere are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Look at them directly into their eyes. Don’t talk over their heads (keep in mind that the concepts of relativism(相对论) are rarely understood), and don’t talk down to them (“who invented the telephone” is not a friendly question). Speak loud enough in order that everyone hears you clearly unless there is a microphone. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.Just remember: be prepared. Know your subject, your audience and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to -person contact with your audience.If you follow these simple steps, you’ll see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.1. The main idea of this article is _________.A. you can improve your speaking abilityB. a poor speaker can never changeC. always make a short speechD. it is hard to make a speech2. Paragraph 2 implies that ________.A. many people are afraid of giving a speechB. many people are happy to give a speechC. many people do not prepare for a speechD. many people talk too long3. The phrase “talk over their heads” means ________.A. speak too loudlyB. look at the ceilingC. look down upon themD. use words and ideas that are too difficult4. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that ___________.A. few people know how to make good speechesB. a lecturer does not need to organize his speechC. research is important in preparing a speechD. there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability5. The title for this passage may be _______.A. Do Not Make a Long SpeechB. Try to Enjoy a SpeechC. How to Prepare for a SpeechD. How to Give a Good Speech答案：I.1.solar system ； 2. in time y eggs; 4.give birth to; 5.in one’s turn,;6.prevent….. from;7. block out8.cheer up；9.now that； 10.break out； 11. watch out； e into existence； 13.in one’s presence； 14. be harmful to/do harm toII.1. 1.in the presence of 2.A 3.are presented 4. present to 5. at present; present one’s view2. 1.harmful to your eyes 2. do harm to3. 1.The technology for performing these operations already e into existence4. 1.in time 2. in time5. 1.prevent from being polluted 2. protected from 3.B6. 1.cheer up 2. cheer up7. 1. (1)off (2) up (3) down (4) out (5) down (6) up 2. A 3. C8. 1.Now that you are well again, you can go on with your work. 2.A9. 1. in turn 2. by turns 3. to drive /at driving10.1.活到老，学到老。
