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英汉互译常用技巧（一）词义的选择、引申和褒贬课后练习一、词义选择与延伸1.Japanese army killed millions of innocent people during the war.2.Three men were killed in the accident .3.The engine was killed by the flood .4.Y our joke nearly kill me .5.He is a man of confidence.6.He walked at the head of the funeral procession，and every now and then wiped away hishypocritical tears with a big handkerchief．7.We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.8.Watergate consumes Richard Nixon’s presidency.9.The lack of confidence failed her in the competition.二、词义甄别1.数以万计的中外客商云集申城。
2.大量难民涌入了巴基斯坦。
3.19世纪有大批的人涌入南非去淘金。
4.在她生日那天，信函和礼物像雪片一样飞来。
三、词义褒贬1、The president was respected by his people for his foresightedness.2、The politician was notorious for his double dealing.3、Y ou flattered me!4、She felt greatly flattered when she received the invitation to deliver a lecture.5、Edison invented the gramophone and the electric light.6、People sometimes invent excuses to go out of work.7、The years steal by.8、That thermometer must be lying.9、对不起，我还没有请教您的尊姓大名呢？段落练习：A Translate the underlined part of the following text into English.我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。
第一章╲t翻译中词义的选择、引申和褒贬第二部分英汉互译常用方法和技巧第一章词义的选择、引申和褒贬导入材料情学生翻译以下的短语和句子，并讨论英语和汉语的词义是否对等？翻译时是否可以简单地凭词语的释义选择对应的词语。
1）做人误译：do person正译：be a man2）The child was in his birthday suit and ran about the yard.误译：那个孩子穿着生日服装在院子里到处跑。
正译：那个孩子光着身子在院子里到处跑。
解析：“in his birthday suit”是一种戏谑的说法，意为“光着身子”。
3）His father is forty something.误译：他父亲有40件事缠身。
正译：他父亲40多岁。
解析：基数词＋something表示“××多……”，“××几……”。
上例适用于表示年龄，下例用来表示时刻和金额。
e.g. Annie didn’t catch the six som ething train.David spent fifty something on a new pair of glasses.4）Every tom, Dick and Harry danced in the hall then.误译：当时，汤姆，迪克和哈里三人都在大厅里跳舞。
正译：当时，人人都在大厅里跳舞。
解析：在英美国家，Tom, Dick 和Harry等人名是很普通的，就像中国的“张三，李四，王五”那样，因此，every T om, Dick and Harry (口语)意为“人人”，“一般人”，“不管张三李四什么人”等。
5）This car is in repair.误译：这辆车在修理中。
正译：这辆车情况良好。
解析：in repair 意为“完好”，“修好”，“情况良好”。
“This car is under repair.”才表示“这辆车在维修中”。
