英文原文Research on Voltage Space-vector Control System of Synchronous Motor Vector control of field oriented control, the basic idea is: through coordinate transformation control method for simulation of DC motor to control the permanent magnet synchronous motor. Three-phase symmetrical windings in three-phase AC can produce a rotating magnetic motive force, two phase symmetrical windings into two symmetric alternating current can produce the same rotating magnet ometive force; therefore the three-phase symmetric winding can be replaced with two phase symmetrical windings equivalent independent of each other, equivalent principle is the constant magnetomotive force produced before and after transformation, transformation and total power constant.In oil field, the power factor was reduced and the reactive power consumption was increased because of the usage of the large number of asynchronous motor, and resulting in a huge waste of energy, which reduced the integrated cost-effective of field. The permanent magnet synchronous motor possess all the advantages of synchronous motor and it has high efficiency and higher power factor. For the advantages of permanent magnet synchronous,it will bring good energy saving results if it is used in pumping unit. As a result,the study on permanent magnet synchronous motor control system is important.In this paper the theory of vector control system on PMSM is first deeply studied,and the idea of coordinate transformation is used to build the mathematical model of PMSM. An in-depth theoretical analysis of voltage space vector control algorithm is done. Secondly,based on the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor and SVPWM theory,the model of PMSM vector control system is established by of Matlab/Simulink. The simulation result shows the possibility of using the control system.In the paper, the software and hardware of PMSM vector control system is designed core-based TI Company’s motor control DSP chip TMS320LF2407A. Hardware ncludes the main circuit,control circuit and its peripheral circuits;software contains the main program and SVPWM interrupt subroutine,it achieves the implementation of the dual closed-loop current. At last,the motor experiments are carried on under the laboratory,the experimental results verify the correctness of the hardware and control program.Permanent magnet synchronous motor with the advantages of simple structure,high efficiency,wide speed range,widely used in machining,aerospace and electric traction fields,this paper introduces the structure,control strategy of permanent magnet synchronous motor and its vector torque control research present situation and direction.Based on space vector principle,the three kind of coordinate systems as well as the transformation of them which usually used in motor’s speed control system areintroduced,then,the mathematic models on different coordinate systems are derived,be based on that,the principle of traditional direct torque control system as well as the direct torque control system based on SVPWM are analyzed detailed,meanwhile,the realization process of SVPWM algorithm is derived.Finally,the simulation model of convientional DTC Control system are established in MATLAB/Simulink.Control of permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly in the following1.1 vector controlThe core idea of vector control of three-phase current,voltage,the flux of the motor by coordinate transformation into the rotor flux oriented phase reference coordinate system, control idea according to DC motor, control motor torque.The advantages of the field oriented vector control is good torque response,precise speed control,zero speed can achieve full load.However,the vector control system needs to determine the rotor flux,to coordinate transformation,a large amount of calculation,but also consider the effect of changes in the rotor of the motor parameters,which makes the system more complex,this is the vector control deficiencies.1.2 direct torque controlIt is based on stator flux orientation,implementation of direct control of stator flux and torque.The control is based on the idea of amplitude real-time detection of motor torque and flux are given,and the torque and flux linkage value comparison,the torque and flux adjusting the appropriate stator voltage space vector selection table switch calculated directly from an offline,power switch and control of inverter state.Direct torque control does not need the vector coordinate transformation complex,the motor model is simplified,no pulse width modulation signal generator,control has the advantages of simple structure,motor parameter changes,can obtain good dynamic performance.But there are also some shortcomings,such as the inverter switching frequency is not fixed,large torque ripple current to realize digital control requires high sampling frequency.1.3 direct torque control based on space vector modulation(SVM-DTC)The SVM-DTC control is the vector control and direct torque control together,its theory foundation and DTC control theory,is based on torque angle control.According to the change of torque angle and flux vector position,get the flux of the next cycle position,which can be the reference voltage vector is required,then the reference voltage vector modulation,PWM wave inverter driving.The SVM-DTC control,the flux changes to determine the next position,so the accurate estimation of flux has great effect on the control system,and the flux estimation depends on motor parameters are stable.In addition,the electromagnetic torque and torque angle is a nonlinear relationship,but in the practical application is approximately linear,using PIregulation,performance so that the PI parameters can also affect the system.1.4 The model reference adaptive control(MRAS)The model system requirements of the control system with a model for the adaptive control,the output response model is ideal,this model is called the reference model.The system always tries to make dynamic consistency can bedynamic reference model and the adjustable model in operation.By comparing the output of reference model and actual process,and through the adaptive controller to adjust some parameters of the adjustable model or generate anauxiliary input,so that the output error between actual output and the reference model as small as possible.In practical application,usually used for speed estimation,to realize the speed sensor less operation.Therefore,the model reference adaptive depends mainly on the accuracy of the adjustable model,the stable operation of the system plays a decisive role in.In addition,the adaptive control law parameters tuning is a difficult problem,the control accuracy of the control system has a great impact.1.5The state observer based controlControl based on state observer is developed based on the modern control theory,observer based on the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor,used for each observation control system and the state,thus extracting speed control.It is also dependent on the accuracy of the motor model,the appearance of large error will run at low speed or increasing temperature leads to the variation of motor parameters,so as to bring large deviation to control.1.6 intelligent controlThe use of intelligent algorithms,intelligent control of the control system, such as fuzzy control,neural network control,self-tuning parameters and so on,through one or several times after the trial operation, automatic parameter tuning out,to realize the optimization control.Intelligent control has many advantages,especially in the motor is multi variable,nonlinear control system,however,control and its performance depends on the control object,that is to say not every control system can achieve good control,which require sexperience.At the same time,the large amount of computation,but also has certain requirements for the controller.Synchronous Motor because of having power factor higher run – time efficiency higher , stability good, the revolving speed settles to wait a merit, is extensively been applied to industrial production amid. The starting fault that acquaints with synchronous motor, and debugging in time, all have important meaning to the motor and the production systems . By way of energy in time, accurate debugging and transaction fault, have the familiar faultprogress of the synchronous motor in detail analytical!2 Familiar fault2.1 The synchro motor after switching on electricity the incapability startsThe synchro motor after starting the incapability run - time generally has the reason of severals as follows:(1)Power supply voltage over low.Because at the square of voltage, the starting torque direct proportion of synchro motor's the voltage of power supply over make low the starting torque of synchro motor significantly the droop is lower than load troque, can not start thus and want to raise vs this power supply voltage to enlarge the starting torque of dynamo.(2)The fault of motor. Check motor settle, the rotor winding had no short circuit, open circtui, open soldering and link bad etc. fault, these the faults will make the dynamo can not start to create starting of rating of intensity of magnetic field, make thus the dynamo can not start;Checking the motor bearing has already had no failure, the port cap has have no loose, if bearing failure port shroud loose, result in bearing's down sinking, mutually rub with stator iron core, result in thus dynamo's canning not start, vs settle the rotor fault can be shaken table with the low tension, gradually click to check to seek a fault condition and adopt homologous treatment;The countersgaft accepts and carries to shroud a loose condition and all wants a pan car before driving each time and sees motor rotor whether slewing is vivid, if bearing or shaft kiowatt damage and replace in time.(3)The control device breaks down.This kind of faults are mostly the d.c. output voltage of the windings of Li magnetic belt to adjust not appropriate or don't output, result in the stator current of motor over big, cause the motor conduct electricity the run make or the losing of dynamo magnetic belt run - time.Should check whether output voltage current and its waveform that the Li magnetic belt equips is normal at this time, the Rong breaks whether the machine Rong breaks, the contact is bad;Whether circuit board plug-in puts prison or alignment;Check loop resistance, put out whether crystal gate tube of magnet burns out or brokes through.(4)Mechanical trouble. Such as be dragged along a dynamic machinery to block, result in motor incapability's starting, the rotor that moves motor in response to the pan at this time sees whether the slewing is vivid, machinery burden whether existence fault2.2The synchro motor incapability leads long into synchronization.Synchro motor in common use law of nonsynchronous starting,throw in Li magnetic belt when the motor rotor revolving speed hits synchronous revolving speed of 95%, make it leads long into synchronization. The synchro motor incapability leads long into synchronous reason as follows:(1)The Li magnetic belt winding short circuit.Because the winding of Li magnetic belt, existence short circuit breaks down, as a result makes motor able to stabilize run - time but incapability and lead long into synchronization while being lower than synchronous revolving speed. Check to seek the Li magnetic belt winding short circuit, can open into low - tension(about the 30 Vs) in the rotor derivation on - line, put on the magnetic poles surface with a hand work steel saw, pursue inspection magnetic poles, if vibrating is violent, explain the magnetic poles to have no short circuit on steel saw of the magnetic poles' surface, if the vibrating of saw blade micro or don't flap, explain the magnetic poles short circuit. After unloading the magnetic poles, check the fault to click,is short-circuit degree, adopt local to mend or re- round to make.(2) Power supply voltage over low. Power supply voltage over low, result in the strong Li link of the device of Li magnetic belt incapability working, make the motor incapability lead long into synchronization thus, the concrete way is to raise power supply voltage appropriately.(3) The fault of Li magnetic belt device. Such as throw Li over speedy(namely throw in Li magnetic belt, motor rotor revolving speed over low), will make the motor can not lead long into synchronization, should check to throw if the Li link exists fault at this time. If Li magnetic belt device fault, the output's current is lower than a rating value, cause the electricity magnetic troque of dynamo over small but can not lead long into synchronization, at this time in response to scrutiny Li magnetic belt device of throw Li link and phase - shifting link, waveform use oscillo graph to check to throw Li link and phase - shifting link, should also check and put out magnetic belt link and put out crystal gate of magnetic belt whether tube discovers a question as usual, handle in time, if the incapability handles in time, by way of the energy quickly restore capacity, should replace to provide for use circuit board.2.3 Brush and compress tightly spring and gather to give or get an electric shock ring fault.The brush leads short and compresses tightly spring press scarcity and make brush and gather to give or get an electric shock ring of indirectly touch badly, thus generate spark or arc electric, arc electric or spark to on the other hand and easily spark short circuit, will make arc electric burn on the other hand shorter, spark open circtui thus, result in Li magnetic belt device only the Li magnetoelectricity press but have no Li magnetoelectricity streaming;Compress tightly spring ageing lapse, make brush and gather to give or get an electric shock ring of indirectly touch badly, effect the starting of motor thus;Gather to give or get an electric shock a ring surface to there is grease stain and scar or slot scar, will make brush and gather to give or get an electric shock ring of indirectly touch badly, generate spark, spark further burn gather to give or get an electric shock ring, will also make gnd short-circuit, the spark effects the starting of motor thus.For gather to give or get an electric shock ring superficial grease stain, can wipeto clean with the acetone; For thin trace, use many fettle shagging rings of sandpapers surface, is ring surface roughness to hit R1.6 ums, if the slot scar obviously needs to get on the car bed transform, truning, enter amount of knife to take every time 1 mm as proper, in the 1-1.5 ms/s, the truning speed control's roughness hits of the ums of R1.5-1.8 and becomes bad anti to finally polish with the sandpaper 2-3 times over the 0.05 mms.2.4 The damper winding breaks down.The damper winding of synchro motor rotor is provided for synchro motor starting to use and wipe - out run - time at the same time amid spark because of loading to change of out of step osc.Start the damper winding in the process to incise the magnetic field of stator revolution but induced very big starting current in the synchro motor, so the big current by all means will result in damping hair thermal expansion, under the normal condition because of starting time short, the damper winding starting is behind soon will cool off, but block up revolution in the motor, lack phase, start the super - in time to length ways wait a condition down, if don't shut down in time, will result in the damping take off soldering to split etc. condition.The damper winding is weaker link in the synchro motor parts, the damper winding familiar fault has:The damping takes off soldering and split, the damping ring discharges wildfire, damping ring the strain is serious.These faults will effect the starting of synchro motor. The damping takes off soldering and chooses silver actinium welding rod and adopts oxyacetylene welding to weld, the dynamo after taking out the core heats into rotor 200 Celsius degrees set rotor vertical in the oven, after taking out and adopt 750 Celsius degrees to or soly weld temperature, damping and the blind side of of damping ring complete solderings are full, clear a soldering dirt again, ;For split of the damping , after dismantling original damping, choose the material of material homology and adopt the above-mentioned method to weld after packing good damping.Damping ring the wildfire is mainly what damping ring indirectly touches bad or get in touch with area isn't enough to result in. Damping ring the strain seriously is mainly a damping to fix anticoincidence in the slot, the damping plugs into damping ring while welding hole falsely, appear additional stress after welding, at plus damping ring intensity not enough to, treatment is loose open all connectivity bolts of damping rings, vs strain anti big of damping ring, after oxyacetylene welding heating adjust with the exclusive use fixture even, vs strain serious replace a new damping of ring.3 ConclusionWhen the synchro motor appears fault, cautiously analytical possible reason, gradually expel, look into related data when it's necessary, absorb experience, propose corrective actions.Analytical the dynamo fault not only need to have firm theory knowledge and experience of prolific maintenance repairs, but also need to aim at concrete fault, deepconsideration, brave creative, the dynamo after ensuring to break down removal can stabilize run - time over a long period of time.中文翻译永磁同步电动机矢量控制系统（中文对照）矢量控制亦称磁场定向控制,其基本思路是:通过坐标变换实现模拟直流电机的控制方法来对永磁同步电机进行控制。
