特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。

1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。

►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。

【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。

当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。

2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。

（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。

►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。

（2）当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。

►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。

（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。

►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句⼀、由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which与连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词与连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 您知道她们在等谁不？I can't imagine why he did that thing.我不能想像她为什么做了那件事。

注意:(1)由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序,故⽽在从句中它变成了陈述语序。

请瞧下列两组句⼦:How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs.Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday.(2)当疑问代词what,who在特殊疑问句中做主语时,该特殊疑问句本⾝就就是陈述句语序,所以当该句⽤来做宾语时,语序不需要调整。

例如:What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her.What's the matter? 怎么了? —— He asked the girl what was the matter.What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him.⼩试⽜⼑:1、I said to her、Where did you go during the holiday?2、Mr、Ding asked 、What did you do during the holiday?⼆、语从句的时态1.若主句为⼀般现在时或⼀般将来时,则从句的时态不限可视句⼦意义使⽤所需要的任何时态。

特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。

特殊疑问句的疑问词通常有疑问代词what, which, who, whose和疑问副词where, when, why, how等。

Show me what you have written. 把你所写的给我看看。

I don’t know whose dictionary it is. 我不知道这是谁的词典。

【典例精析】改为宾语从句（2013 上海中考）“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter.The reporter asked _____ ______ responsible for the food safety problem.【点拨】who was二、宾语从句的语序特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都是用“连词+陈述句语序的句子”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。

主句是陈述句时，句末用句号；主句是疑问句时，句末用问号。

Can you tell me where the drugstore is? 你能告诉我药店在哪儿吗？He asked who could answer these questions. 他问谁能回答这些问题。

【典例精析】例1（2013 天津中考）—I don’t know ______.—Because he has to look after his mother.A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving【点拨】A 考查宾语从句。

宾语从句中应使用陈述语序，由此可排除B、D两项；由答语“因为他不得不照顾他妈妈”可知，空格处问的是他为什么离开。

宾语从句特殊疑问词例句1. 你知道“what”引导的宾语从句有多酷吗？就像打开神秘宝盒一样。

比如说，I wonder what he will do next.（我想知道他接下来会做什么。

）你看，这个句子就像在探寻一个未知的宝藏，充满了好奇的感觉。

2. “where”引导的宾语从句呀，那可有趣了。

想象一下，你在找一个迷路的小伙伴，就像这样：She asked me where I had been.（她问我去了哪里。

）这就像是在追踪一个人的足迹，是不是很有画面感呢？3. 嘿，“when”引导的宾语从句也超棒的。

这就好比是在时间的长河里捞鱼，你永远不知道会捞到哪条。

例如：He doesn't know when she will arrive.（他不知道她什么时候会到达。

）感觉充满了对未来某个时刻的期待或者焦急呢。

4. “who”引导的宾语从句就像在人群里找朋友。

比如说，I don't know who broke the window.（我不知道是谁打破了窗户。

）这里面有疑惑，还有一点小埋怨的感觉，就像你想揪出那个捣蛋鬼一样。

5. “why”引导的宾语从句呢，那简直是在探寻原因的神秘之旅。

就像是解开谜题的钥匙。

举个例子，She wants to know why he left so early.（她想知道他为什么这么早离开。

）这里面满是疑惑，就像猫在追着自己的尾巴想知道为什么一样。

6. 再看“which”引导的宾语从句，这就像在一堆东西里挑宝贝。

像I can't decide which book I should buy.（我不能决定我应该买哪本书。

）那种纠结的感觉就像在两个都很爱的东西之间做选择，好难呀。

7. “how”引导的宾语从句也很有意思。

这就像是在摸索做事的方法。

比如说，They wonder how we can solve this problem.（他们想知道我们如何能解决这个问题。

宾语从句怎么区分是由一般疑问句转化而来还是特殊疑问句转化而来
1 . 由陈述句变化而来用that引导, that 可省略；
2 . 由一般疑问句变化而来, 用if或whether 引导；
3. 由特殊疑问句变化而来, 用该特殊疑问词引导。

如：when ,where, how, why。

If whether 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句
He said, “I like playing basketball.”
He said that he liked playing basketball.
1. .that 引导陈述句的宾语从句
He asked me, “Do you like playing basketball?”
He asked me if I liked playing basketball.
2. if 或whether 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句；
He asked me, “Where do you play basketball?”
He asked me where I played basketball
3. 用特殊疑问词(when where how等) 引导特殊疑问句的宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序永远都是陈述句语序。

全新英语语法—宾语从句用一个句子作宾语，这个句子就是宾语从句。

宾语从句的三大考点是时态、语序和引导词。

15-1 宾语从句的引导词在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句与从句之间要有一个连接词来引导从句，这个连接词称为宾语从句的引导句。

宾语从句的引导词分三类，一是连接代词that，二是连词if和whether，三是特殊疑问句。

1.that引导的宾语从句宾语从句是陈述句时，用连词that引导。

that在从句中只起引导作用，没有词义，不做句子成分，在口语中常常省略。

如：We believe that he is honest.I suggest that we should go tomorrow,We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain.I didn't know (that) he was LiLei.She said that she would come to the meeting.I promise you (that) I will be there.2. if/whether引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，从句要用if或whether引导， if和whether 意为“是否”，在句中不做句子成分，也不能省略。

I asked him if he was busy.I asked him whether he was coming.I don’t know if (whether) he'll arrive in time.I didn’t know whether they liked the place.I wonder if it's large enough.She didn't say if he was still alive.I don't know whether he'll arrive in time.I asked her whether she agreed.[辨析]if和whether的用法区别:if引导宾语从句，意思是“是否”，可与whether互换使用，if往在口语中用得较多,whether 多用于书面语及正式的场合。

新概念英语第一册语法知识点：宾语从句宾语从句一、重要语法：宾语从句1、宾语从句本课侧重的是由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的用法，主要的疑问词有if/whether/how/why/what/when/where等。

如：I don't know when I'll finish.My wife wants to know if Mary needs any help. I don't know what you're talking about.二、课文主要语言点Is that you, John? Yes, speaking. 注意打电话时的习惯用语。

如果电话接通后，要找某人接电话，一般可以说：May Ispeak to sb.? 也可以像课文里这样直接询问对方是否就是你要找的人：Is that you, sb.?如果接电话的人正是对方要找的人，则可回答：This is sb.speaking.或者简单回答：Speaking。

原文中的speaking就是简短回答，其完整形式为：This is John speaking.Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening. 1)tell sb.sth.，tell为双宾动词，可以改为：tell sth. to sb.。

但是，当直接引语为句子时，只能用tell sb. sth.(从句)的结构2)belate for，迟到。

I'm afraid I don't understand. I'mafraid后接宾语从句，省略了连接词that。

这是形容词后接宾语从句的用法，that 一般都会省略。

如：I'm sure he will come hereon time tomorrow. 需要注意的是，当I'mafraid要翻译成中文时，不要译为“我恐怕”，而要译为“恐怕”，这样比较符合中文的表达习惯。