whether,if及疑问词引导的宾语从句
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that引导的宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
(1)that引导的宾语从句(2)whether / if引导的宾语从句(3)疑问词引导的宾语从句一、由that引导的宾语从句:that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想呆在家里。
She doesn’t know (th at) she is seriously ill.她不知道她病得很严重。
I am sure (that) he will succeed.我确信他会成功。
小试牛刀:1、She said. You looked great!2、She said. I went to Beijing and visited the Great Wall.注意:(一)并非所有的动词后面都可以接that引导的宾语从句,只有当谓语动词表示肯定概念时,如believe, expect,explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer,promise, report, say, see, tell, think,understand, warn, wish等其后面的句子一般由that引导。
此时,that没有任何实际意义,目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是作前面动词的宾语,多数情况下可以省略。
(二)不能省略that的2种情况:1、当that作介词except, in 宾语时例如:They believe in that she must still be single.I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing.(2)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时(it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语,而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾)例如:We heard it that she would get married next month.课堂练习:( )1、Don’t lose your heart. I believe in you can finish the work by yourself.A. \B. thatC. whichD. if( )2、I think we can be good friends.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. if( )3、She said he would go to the hospital.A. \B. whatC. whichD. if( )4、-Have you ever seen the movie 2012?-Yes, but I don’t believe ____ the year 2012 will see the end of the world. 【2012 菏泽】A. thatB. whatC. howD. if二、特殊的宾语从句———间接引语用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。
宾语从句一、定义:当一个句子充当宾语时,我们就把这个句子叫宾语从句,含有从句的句子叫主句,主句和从句之间有连接代词或连接副词。
二、宾语从句的三类引导词1.由that引导的宾语从句陈述句作宾语,由that引导,that 在句中没有词义,也不做任何句子成分,并且在口语中常常省略。
如:I think (that) he is very old.He says (that ) he will come back tomorrow.He said (that) he wanted to see the teacher.2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句由if/whether连接一般疑问句句式,要特别注意把语序改为陈述句语序。
if/whether在句中具有词义“是否”,不能省略。
在口语中常用if,wether常与or not连用。
如:He asked if/wether they needed more tea.I don’t know wether he will pass the exam or not.注意:当主句动词跟宾语从句时,要把谓语动词say改为tell或ask。
如:Can tom do the work? Miss Gao said to Tim.==>Miss Gao asked Tim if/whether Tom could do the work.3.疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,由疑问词来引导,用陈述句语序,即:“主句+疑问词+主语+谓语+…,”疑问词不能省略。
如:Do you know what he has done?Please ask which book is hers.Can you tell me when the plane wii take off?三、宾语从句“一、二、三”1.“一”,指一种语序,从句必须用陈述句语序。
如:Is Mr Wu a teacher? Please tell me.-->Please tell me if/whether Mr Wu is a teacher.What can he do? I say to them.-->I ask them what he can de.2.“二”,指两种时态,即从句的时态要根据主句的时态来确定时态。
宾语从句一、定义及种类定义:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。
及物动词宾语:I don’t know what he likes.介词宾语:We are talking about whether it’s a cat or a dog.形容词宾语:I am sorry I am late. I am glad that you can join us.种类:根据不同的引导词分为三类:that引导:He said that he wanted to stay at home.whether/if引导:He asked me whether/if(是否) he could go.特殊疑问词引导:Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?二、宾语从句——引导词、语序、时态1. 引导词①由_______________引导I don’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.that后加陈述语序,由陈述句变化而来。
这里的that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中常省略。
②由_______________引导(其意思是__________)I want to know whether/if she likes Zhengzhou.He asked me whether/if I could help him.whether/if后加陈述语序,由一般疑问句转化而来。
③由_______________引导I don’t know why he loves crying.He asked who was the best.Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?特殊疑问词后加陈述语序,由特殊疑问句转化而来。
辅导讲义教学内容模块9的基础知识点梳理Key vocabulary:1.helpline 服务热线2.separate v.使分开;分隔adj.分开的;单独的3.explain 解释;说明4.mention 提及;谈到5.refuse 拒绝6.treat 对待;看待7.herself 她自己8.whether 是否9.lonely 孤独的;寂寞的10.regret 懊悔;遗憾11.patient 有耐心的;能忍耐的12.introduce 介绍;引见【用法2】day after day 日复一日地(强调重复性)——Day by day she learnt more about her job.——Day after day he waited for that letter and it never came.whether/if引导的宾语从句如果我们要表达像“他不知道他们周六是否会去植树”或“我记不清以前是否见过他”这样的不确定的概念时,从句就要用 whether 或 if 来引导,不能用 that。
——He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
——He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday. 他问我们周日是否去钓鱼。
——Tom wants to know whether/if he needs to come early tomorrow. 汤姆想知道他明天是否需要早点来。
注意:if与whether引导宾语从句时都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下可以互换。
但是在动词不定式之前、介词之后或者句尾有or not出现时,一般只能用whether。
——We haven’t decided whethe r to go or not. 我们还没决定是否会去。
初中英语外研版九年级下册高效课堂资料Module 9 Friendship一、模块题目:Friendship二、重点语法:if /whether及疑问词引导的宾语从句三、重点单词:explain, mention, refuse, treat, herself,whether, lonely, regret, patient,introduce,encourage,silence,pass,bright,treasure,trust,include,suggestion,四、重点短语:jion in, no proplem, day by day, at the moment, saty in touch, feel lonely, be patient with, encourage to do sth, ask for advice, in silence, worry about, take place, in the past,五、词汇拓展:1.silence, 名词,silent,adj,有些以ce结尾的抽象名词变ce 为t,变为形容词:importance(重要性)-important(重要的),confidence(信心)-confident(有信心的),silence(寂静)-silent(寂静的),difference(差异)-different(不同的)2.refuse to do sth, 拒绝做某事3. lonely, 孤独的,寂寞的,做定语或表语,带有感情色彩;alone,独自一人,通常做表语,不作定语,无感情色彩4.regret,及物动词,过去式regretted,现在分词是regretting,regret doing sth因做了某事而后悔,regret to do sth,表示为即将做的事情而感到遗憾;5. have a problem with sb. 与某人有问题;have a problme/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做……有困难。
2020届中考语法专练之宾语从句讲解及配套真题专练宾语从句在中考中主要考查:宾语从句的引导词、宾语从句的语序及宾语从句时态对应及反义疑问句等。
1. 宾语从句的引导词(1)宾语从句的引导词有三种:1)that;2)whether/ if;3)特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。
He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。
Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week.你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。
Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin?你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗?(2). that引导的宾语从句:that引导的宾语从句的特征:1)一般都是由陈述句充当,2)引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,3)that可以省略,Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
(3) whether或if引导的宾语从句:whether或if引导的宾语从句的特征:1)语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。
2)whether和if意为“是否”。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
3)只用whether不用if。
1) 接带to的动词不定式。
2)与or not连用时。
She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。
宾语从句顺序宾语从句是指在一个句子中作为宾语的从句。
宾语从句中包含一个主语和谓语,通常用来解释或说明主句中的动作或状态。
在英语中,宾语从句的顺序有一定要求,下面将详细介绍。
一、宾语从句的基本概念1. 宾语从句是指在一个句子中作为宾语的从句。
2. 宾语从句通常包含一个主语和谓语,用来解释或说明主句中的动作或状态。
3. 宾语从句可以由连词that, whether, if, when, where等引导。
4. 宾语从句通常位于主句后面,但有时也可以位于主句前面。
二、宾语从句顺序1. 由that引导的宾语从句当宾语从句由that引导时,一般情况下不需要逗号隔开,并且顺序为:连接词+主+谓+其他成分。
例如:He said that he would come to see me tomorrow.他说他明天会来看我。
I know that you are a good student.我知道你是个好学生。
2. 由whether或if引导的宾语从句当宾语从句由whether或if引导时,一般情况下不需要逗号隔开,并且顺序为:连接词+主+谓+其他成分。
例如:I don't know whether/if he will come to the party.我不知道他是否会来参加晚会。
Please tell me whether/if you can come to my birthday party.请告诉我你是否能来参加我的生日派对。
3. 由疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句由疑问词引导时,一般情况下不需要逗号隔开,并且顺序为:疑问词+主+谓+其他成分。
例如:Do you know where he lives?你知道他住在哪里吗?Can you tell me when the train will arrive?你能告诉我火车什么时候到达吗?4. 宾语从句的位置宾语从句通常位于主句后面,但有时也可以位于主句前面。
whether / if及疑问词引导的宾语从句在上一模块中我们已经学习了that引导的宾语从句,本模块我们学习whether / if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。
我们将从引导词和语序两方面学习这两类宾语从句。
如:Will she come to our party tomorrow? I don't know. → I don't know whether / if she will come to our party tomorrow.When did she leave Beijing? I want to know. → I want to kn ow when she left Beijing. Where did you go just now? Could you tell us? → Could you tell us where you went just now?【运用】单项选择1. —I'm waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?—Usually it comes by 4:00 p.m.A. howB. whereC. whenD. what【2015山东青岛】2. —Do you know ________ Deng Chao is?—He is an actor. He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.A. whichB. whenC. whatD. how【2015江苏连云港】3. —Excuse me. I wonder ________ there is a bus here to go to Downing Street. —Yes. Bus No. 223.A. thatB. whenC. whyD. whether【2015江西南昌】4. —Could you tell me ________?—You'd better keep a diary in English as often as possible.A. when I can improve my written EnglishB. how I can improve my written EnglishC. if can I improve my written English【2015黑龙江哈尔滨】5. —Could you tell me ________ the Space Museum?—Sure, next Monday.A. when we visitedB. when did we visitC. when we will visitD. when will we visit【2015吉林长春】答案1-5 CCDBC。
英语特殊疑问句作宾语从句的结构及用法什么是特殊疑问句?特殊疑问句是一种用来询问具体信息的疑问句,通常以疑问词开头,如who, what, where, when, why, how等。
例如:Who are you?What are you doing?Where are you going?When will you come back?Why are you so happy?How do you know that?什么是宾语从句?宾语从句是一种充当主句谓语动词或介词的宾语的从句,通常由连词that, if, whether等引导,或者由疑问词或疑问代词引导。
例如:I know that he is a teacher. (that引导的宾语从句)I wonder if he likes me. (if引导的宾语从句)I don't know whether he will come or not. (whether引导的宾语从句)I want to know who he is. (who引导的宾语从句)I don't understand what he means. (what引导的宾语从句)特殊疑问句作宾语从句的结构当特殊疑问句作为宾语从句时,其结构有以下几个特点:1. 特殊疑问词在从句中充当一个成分,如主语、宾语、定语、状语等,不能省略。
例如:I don't know who he is. (who在从句中作主语)I want to know what he is doing. (what在从句中作宾语)I can't remember which book he borrowed. (which在从句中作定语)I wonder how he got here. (how在从句中作状语)2. 特殊疑问词后面跟的是陈述语序,而不是一般疑问句的倒装语序。
whether / if及疑问词引导的宾语从句在上一模块中我们已经学习了that引导的宾语从句,本模块我们学习whether / if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。
我们将从引导词和语序两方面学习这两类宾语从句。
如:Will Mike go to China next week? We don’t know.→We don’t know whether / if Mike will go to China next week.When did he buy the watch? I want to know.→I want to know when he bought the watch.Where did you spend your holiday last month? Could you tell me?→Could you tell me where you spent your holiday last month?【运用】单项选择单项选择1. Mom, have you see n my toy bear? I don’t know ____ I have left it.A. whyB. whenC.how D. where2. —Do you know ____ The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛) began?—On May 14th, 2017.A. thatB. whenC.if D. where3. —Do you know ____ Ann goes to work every day?—Usually by underground.A. whyB. howC.when D. whether4. —Do you know ______ next Friday, Lily?—If it doesn’t rain, we will.A. if we will take a field tripB. will we take a field tripC. why we will take a field trip5. —Excuse me, could you please tell me ___ the Science Museum?—Sure. Go along the street and turn left. It’s next to Bank of China.A. when I can get toB. when can I get toC. how I can get toD. how can I get to答案1-5 DBBAC感谢您的支持祝您生活愉快。
考点32 连词whether或if引导的宾语从句if/whether引导的宾语从句当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用if或whether引导宾语从句,if/whether意为"是否"。
说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。
常用在see,ask,say,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out,be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后,二者通常可以互换。
口语中多用if代替whether。
在非正式的写作中,可以使用if 或whether 两个词来表达不定性,两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】一般情况下,if和whether可互换,在口语中多用if,而在以下几种情况下,只能用whether。
1. 与or 连用分别引导两个从句时,或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether,不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.Let me know whether you can come or not.I don’t know whether he will win or not.I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
考点32 连词whether或if引导的宾语从句if/whether引导的宾语从句当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用if或whether引导宾语从句,if/whether意为"是否"。
说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。
常用在see,ask,say,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out,be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后,二者通常可以互换。
口语中多用if代替whether。
在非正式的写作中,可以使用if 或whether 两个词来表达不定性,两者都算标准。
I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam.爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。
I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。
He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。
【拓展】一般情况下,if和whether可互换,在口语中多用if,而在以下几种情况下,只能用whether。
1. 与or 连用分别引导两个从句时,或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether,不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.Let me know whether you can come or not.I don’t know whether he will win or not.I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
宾语从句宾语从句是的一种。
在中充当,位于、或之后的从句称为。
宾语从句分为三类:的宾语从句,的宾语从句和的宾语从句。
用法宾语从句结构:++由连词引导宾语从句(陈述语序)连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether,和疑问词(what,how,where,when ...)。
1)that (无词义,不做成分); if,whether(表达是否的意思,但是不做句子的成分)that引导表示的宾语从句,if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”的的宾语从句。
If和whether的区别:if和whether在作“是否”理解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,后一般不用if。
少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether。
whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以。
在前只能用whether。
一般“no matter”示“是否”用whether而不用if。
2)主要有:who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。
连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述。
Tell him which class you are in .Do you know what he likes?3)主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。
注:宾语从句通常跟在名词或代词后面。
宾语从句--动宾从句大多数都可以带宾语从句。
部分“+”结构也可以带宾语从句。
动词短语也可以带宾语从句,常见的这些词有:make sure(确保)、make up one’s mind(下决心)、keep in mind(牢记)可运用it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。
宾语从句正确引导和使用直接和间接宾语从句在英语中,宾语从句是指作为宾语的句子。
宾语从句可以分为直接宾语从句和间接宾语从句。
直接宾语从句是指宾语从句直接引导整个句子的动词,而间接宾语从句是指宾语从句作为双宾语中的间接宾语。
在使用宾语从句时,我们需要注意正确选用引导词以及合理使用从句的结构。
本文将就宾语从句的正确引导和使用进行探讨。
一、直接宾语从句的引导词1.连词“that”在大部分情况下,直接宾语从句可以用连词“that”来引导,而且在口语和书面语中都很常见。
例如:Tom said that he would come to the party.Lisa knows that the concert starts at 7 pm.2.连词“if/whether”当宾语从句是对于某事的疑问或选择时,我们可以使用连词“if”或“whether”来引导宾语从句。
其中,“whether”更加正式,适用于正式场合或较为严谨的语境。
例如:Henry asked if/whether Peter had finished his homework.The teacher inquired whether the students had studied for the exam.3.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词可以引导宾语从句,用于询问特定信息。
例如:Can you tell me where the nearest post office is?Do you know how much the tickets cost?二、直接宾语从句的结构直接宾语从句通常由主语、谓语和宾语从句三部分组成。
在引导词后面紧接着宾语从句,不需要使用逗号进行隔开。
例如:I believe that you will succeed.She thinks she is a good singer.三、间接宾语从句的引导词间接宾语从句出现在双宾语动词后面,它告诉我们给予或交付的对象。
whether/ if及疑问词引导的宾语从句
上一个模块中我们学习了that引导的宾语从句,本模块我们学习whether / if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。
一、whether / if引导的宾语从句
当大凡疑问句充任句中的宾语时,用连词whether或if引导,连词在从句中不充任任何句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。
当宾语从句中没有or not
时,whether和if都能用;但当宾语从句中有or not时,只能用whether。
另外,充任宾语从句的大凡疑问句要变为陈述句语序。
如:
Will she go to Beijing tomorrow? I don’t know.
→I don’t know if / whether she will go to Beijing tomorrow.
Will David move to our city or not? She asked.
→She asked whether David will move to our city or not.
二、疑问词引导的宾语从句
当分外疑问句充任句中的宾语时,由原来的疑问代词what, who, which等或疑问副词when, where, how, why等作为连接词,这些词在宾语从句中充任一定的句子成分,都有各自的词义,不可省略。
另外,充任宾语从句的分外疑问句要变为陈述句语序。
如:
What is his sister going to do? I ask Jack.
→I ask Jack what his sister is going to d o.
When did she arrive in Beijing? I want to know.
→I want to know when shearrived in Beijing.
Where did you buy the beautiful scarf? Could you tell me?
→Could you tell me where you bought the beautiful scarf?
三、whether / if及疑问词引导的宾语从句的时态
我们在使用这两类从句的过程中,当主句的谓语动词是大凡现在时的时候,宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用合适的时态;当主句的谓语动词是大凡过去时的时候,宾语从句的谓语动词常用相应的过去时态;但当宾语从句表述的是客观真理时,不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态,该从句须用大凡现在时。
如:I want to know whether / if your brother went to the zoo yesterday.
Susan asks whether / if she can go to the school after eight o’clock.
He asked me what I was doing at that time.
The little boy asked whether / if all the planets go around the sun.
【运用】将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。
1.xx问我住在哪儿。
_____________________________________
2.我想知道他明天会去游泳还是不会。
_____________________________________
3.我想知道他姐姐是不是英语老师。
_____________________________________
答案
【运用】
1. Tony asks where I live.
2. I want to know whether he’ll go swimming tomorrow or not.
3. I want to know if / whether his sister is an English teacher.。