2009秋8套理论题含答案

2009年高考真题及答案全国卷——文科综合1 图1 示意某区域土地利用结构的变化。

读图1，完成1-2题。

1650---1780年该区域A.人口自然增长率很高B.经历了移民开垦C.农业结构复杂D.注重生态保护2 进入20世纪该区域A.气候持续干旱B.大力发展畜牧业C.种植业产值降低D.实施了退耕还林3南极中山站（）时间（区时）2009年2月2日9时25分，我国在南极最高点附近建立的昆仑站（）正式开站。

根据此完成3-5题。

昆仑站正式开站时，北京时间为2009年2月2日A.5时25分B.6时25分C.12时25分D.13时25分4 昆仑站与中山站的直线距离约为A.820千米B.1020千米C.1220千米D.1420千米5 与中山站相比，昆仑站所在的地点A.年降雪量较大B. 气压较高C.年太阳辐射较强D.年均风力较小6 图2示意的甲、乙两国分别为传统、新兴的鲜切花生产国。

读图2，完成6-8题。

比较甲、乙两国降水特点及其原因①甲国受西风带和暖流影响，全年降水较丰沛且季节分配均匀②甲国受副热带高压带和西风带的交替影响，降水季节差异大③乙国受赤道低压带影响，全年降水丰沛且季节分配均匀④乙国受地形影响，降水季节差异大A. ①③B. ①④C. ②③D.②④7 与甲国相比，乙国发展鲜切花生产的优势自然条件是①热量丰富②光照充足③地形平坦④水源丰富A ①②B ①④C ②③D ③④8 与乙国相比，甲国维持其在世界鲜切花市场竞争力的优势条件是A.专业化、规模化生产，鲜切花价格较低B.土地丰富，天然花卉品种较多C.培植历史久，劳动力成本较低D.技术含量高，鲜切花质量较优9 中国最大的淡水湖——鄱阳湖有多条河流从东、南、西三面注入，北部有水道通往长江，湖泊水面呈现“冬季一条线，夏季一大片”的景象变化。

鄱阳湖是候鸟迁徙途中的重要栖息地。

据此完成9-11题。

鄱阳湖在冬季成为迁徙鸟群重要栖息地的原因是A 湖滩面积大，水浅B 湖底砂砾石广布，水质好C 湖区少有大舞，能见度好D 湖泊受人类活动影响小10鄱阳湖冬、夏水面景象变化的原因是A 湖底有线状洼地，冬季河道封冻，夏季来水量大B 湖底平坦，入湖水量夏季大于冬季C 湖底有线状洼地，水位季节差异明显D 湖底平坦，长江顶托作用季节变化明显11过去50年来，鄱阳湖湿地大面积减少的最主要原因是A 水土流失加速湖泊淤积B 围湖造田C 气候变干造成湖泊水位降低D 湖区地壳明显抬升12某企业年初自有资本400万元，银行贷款100万元，当年贷款的年利率为8%，企业的毛利润率（毛利润/总资产）为10%，则企业的年净利润为A 29.2万元B 32万元C 39.2万元D 42万元132008年下半年以来，中国纺织品等劳动密集型商品出口增速呈明显放缓态势，且在总出口额中比重下降，其主要原因是① 外部市场疲软②人民币升值③ 中外贸易摩檫不断④宏观经济政策趋紧A ①②B ② ③C ① ④D ③ ④14某科技企业出对科技人员支付工资外，还采取科技成果入股的激励方式，调动科技人员积极性，企业效益不断提高，这说明①按生产要素分配有利于缩小收入差距②分配关系的调整有利于推动生产力的发展③科技人员的脑力劳动能创造更大的价值④科技人员的收入取决于科技成果的使用价值A ①③B②③C①④D③④152009年1至4月份，我国居民消费价格总水平同比下降0.8%；工业品出厂价格同比下降5.1%，其中，原材料、燃料、动力购进价格下降7.7%。

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）基本能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共12页，满分100分。

考试用时120分钟，答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、区县和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置，并认真核准条形码上的信息。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷（共30分）注意事项：1.第Ⅰ卷共30小题，全部为单项选择题，每小题1分，共30分。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不涂在答题卡上，只答在试卷上不得分。

一、春天终会来的，谁也阻挡不住那波涛一样的绿色旋律。

1.“一元复始，万象更新。

”春天给大自然带来生机，给人们带来希望，给社会带来新气象。

下列说法正确的是①春天万物复苏，惊蛰前后大多数蛰伏的动物开始活动②春风化雨润物无声，齐鲁大地的春雨是由印度洋上的暖湿气流带来的③“千门万户曈曈日，总把新桃换旧符。

”王安石的《元日》描写了元宵节的习俗④“莫道今年春将尽，明年春色倍还人。

”这两句诗可借以表达人们应对国际金融危机的信心A. ①②B. ①③C. ①④D. ③④解析：惊蛰反映自然物候现象的，含义是：春雷乍动，惊醒了蛰伏在土中冬眠的动物。

这时，气温回升较快，长江流域大部地区已渐有春雷。

我国南方大部分地区，常年雨水、惊蛰亦可闻春雷初鸣；而华南西北部除了个别年份以外，一般要到清明才有雷声，为我国南方大部分地区雷暴开始最晚的地区。

齐鲁大地的春雨是由太平洋上的暖湿气流带来的，我国西北部有一部分是北冰洋，我国西南地区大部分来自印度洋。

王安石的《元日》爆竹声中一岁除，春风送暖入屠苏。

千门万户曈曈日，总把新桃换旧符。

这是王安石的一首著名的诗作《元日》，“元日”就是阴历正月初一。

这是一首写古代迎接新年的即景之作，大约是王安石在神宗初年刚任宰相不久写的。

王安石《元日》描写人们欢庆元旦的情形，反映了挂年画,贴桃符,燃放鞭炮,穿新衣,往来拜年,守岁,正月初一喝屠苏酒这些风俗习惯。

2009年联考MBA 联考真题综合试卷一、问题求解（本大题共15题，每小题3分，共45分。

在下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。

请在答题卡．．．上将所选的字母涂黑。

） 1．一家商店为回收资金把甲乙两件商品均以480元一件卖出。

已知甲商品赚了20%，乙商品亏了20%，则商店盈亏结果为（A ）不亏不赚 （B ）亏了50元 （C ）赚了50元 （D ）赚了40元 （E ）亏了40元2．某国参加北京奥运会的勇女运动员比例原为19:12，由于先增加若干名女运动员．使男女运动员比例变为20:13．后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例．最终变为30:19．如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运员的总人数为（ ）。

（A ）686 （B ）637 （C ）700 （D ）661 （E ）6003．某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元．原料的保管等费用平均每吨3元，每次购买原料支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（）天购买一次原料。

（A ）11 （B ）10 （C ）9 （D ）8 （E ）74．在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若千克。

现将浓度为12%的盐水10克倒入A 管中，混合后，取10克倒入口管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果 A ，B ，C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%、2%、0.5%，那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是（A ）A 试管，10克 （B ）B 试管，20克 （C ）C 试管，30克（D ）B 试管，40克 （E ）C 试管，50克5．一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，着船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50%时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将( )．（A ）增加 （B ）减少半个小时 （C ）不变 （D ）减少1个小时 （E ）无法判断6．方程214x x -+=的根是（ ）。

2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II）理综试卷注意事项：1．本试题卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共11 页，总分300 分，考试时间150分钟。

2．答题前，考生须将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试题卷指定的位置上。

3．选择题的每小题选出答案后，用2B．铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，不能答在试题卷上。

4．非选择题必须使用0.5 毫米的黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡上书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

5．非选择题必须按照题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答。

超出答题区域或在其它题的答题区域内书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、本试题卷上答题无效。

6．考试结束，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷本试卷共21 小题，每小题 6 分，共126 分。

相对原子质量（原子量）：H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Na—23一、选择题（本题共13 小题。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1．在人工饲养条件下，如果淡水鱼不排卵，可将同种性成熟鱼的垂体提取液注射到雌鱼体内，促进其排卵。

这一方法主要是利用了垂体细胞合成的A．甲状腺激素B．雌激素C．促甲状腺激素D．促性腺激素2．切除胸腺的幼年小鼠，其免疫功能表现为A．细胞免疫缺陷、体液免疫功能下降B．细胞免疫、体液免疫功能均正常C．细胞免疫缺陷、体液免疫功能正常D．细胞免疫正常、体液免疫功能下降3．人体内的细胞外液构成了细胞生活的液体环境，在这个环境中可发生许多生物化学反应，其中有A．蛋白质消化分解成氨基酸B．神经递质和激素的合成C．丙酮酸氧化分解成二氧化碳和水D．乳酸与碳酸氢钠作用生成乳酸钠和碳酸4．下列有关基因工程中限制性内切酶的描述，错误．．的是A．一种限制性内切酶只能识别一种特定的脱氧核苷酸序列B．限制性内切酶的活性受温度影响C．限制性内切酶能识别和切割RNAD．限制性内切酶可从原核生物中提取5．右图纵向表示海洋不同深度中鱼类的食物分布状况，曲线甲、乙、丙分别表示三种鱼的数量变化。

ikao.mobi ︵爱考手机网︶ikao.mobi︵爱考手机网︶2009年建设工程监理基本理论与相关法规模拟试题一单项选择题1．所谓( )，是指具有相应资质的工程监理企业，接受建设单位的委托，承担其项目管理工作，并代表建设单位对承包单位的建设行为进行监督管理的专业化服务活动。

A．建设工程委托监理B．建设阶段范围监理C．建设工程监理D．建设工程范围监理2．建设单位，也称为( )，是委托监理的一方。

A．发包责任方B．施工方全权代表C．承包责任方D．业主、项目法人3．工程监理企业应当拥有一套健全的管理制度、现代化的管理手段、先进的管理理论、方法和手段与足够的技术、经济资料和数据，这是建没工程监理( )的表现。

A．服务性B．科学性C．独立性D．公正性4．建设工程监理可以适用于工程建设投资决策阶段和实施阶段，但目前主要是( )阶段。

A．建设工程投资决策B．建设工程施C．建设工程竣工验收D．建设工程设计5．在我国的建设工程监理中还强调对承建单位施工过程和施工工序的监督、检查和验收，而且在实践中又进一步提出了( )的规定。

A．旁站监理B．巡视监理C．泛化监理D．平行检验监理6．我国对建设工程监理的市场准人采取了双重控制。

要求专业监理工程师以上的监理人员要取得监理工程师资格证书，不同资质等级的( )至少要有一定数量的取得监理工程师资格证书并经注册的人员。

A．工程监理企业B．建设单位C．承包单位D．工程安全监督部门7．以下内容对工程监理企业的服务性理解有误的是( )。

A．不直接进行设计B．不直接进行施工ikao.mobi ︵爱考手机网︶ikao.mobi︵爱考手机网︶C．不参与承包商的利益分成D．向建设单位承包造价8．建设工程监理机制贯穿于工程建没的全过程，采用事前、事中和事后控制相结合的方式，因此可以有效地规范各承建单位的建设行为，最大限度地避免不当建设行为的发生。

即使出现不当建设行为，也可以及时加以制止，最大限度地减少其不良后果。

2009年试卷参考答案（张胜军提供，仅供参考！）各位老师：大家好！有如下几件事需告知：1、为保险起见，我查过今年的试题出题要求。

其他几门课程的确有别的题型，但《教师职业道德》只有三种题型，即：简答题、论述题、案例分析题。

2、现在找不到2008年试卷，只有2009年试卷（附后）。

大家先做做看，稍后，我会把参考答案发至公共邮箱。

3、建议把教材系统、认真地看一遍。

我个人认为如下问题相对重要：（1）教育劳动的特点；（2）有“原则”字样的课程内容，特别是教师职业道德原则、教师职业道德教育的原则；（3）职业道德的主要规范、道德的特殊本质；（4）确立学生主体地位的观念；（5）师生关系建设中的师德要求；（6）大学精神内涵；（7）教学中的师德要求；（8）科研中的师德要求，特别是“学术腐败”问题；（9）社会服务中的师德要求————仅供参考！4、建议大家相互交流学习体会、对问题的看法、新信息等，相互帮助。

5、从昨晚开始，不断有老师打电话给我，说是公共邮箱上的所有内容均被人清空。

我今天上去看了，果不其然，感到非常困惑！无论如何，公共邮箱中的内容是大家共有的学习资源，敬请保留，为人为己提供方便——————谢谢合作！6、下周六上午的课，没有新内容要讲，但我会来，我来的目的是“答疑”，如果有教师要与我当面交流的话。

至于各位教师是否来，自己决定。

7、如果有任何新信息，我都会及时通知大家。

8、我把本课程相关内容，再上传到公共邮箱，没有办法一一发至您们的个人邮箱，请需要的教师到公共邮箱下载，敬请原谅！9、欢迎大家对我的教学批评指正，谢谢各位！祝老师们考试成功！张胜军2010,11,292009年江苏省高校、中专新教师岗前培训《教师职业道德概论》试卷参考答案（第一题因考试无此题型，故不做。

其他题目答案仅供老师们参考！）一、单项选择题（2*10=20）（张胜军说明：单项选择题备选答案的题号略）1、道德评价和规范人们行为的标准是（）动机——效果；成败；自律；善恶2、社会主义职业道德的基本原则是（）主观为自己；为人民服务；集体主义；按劳分配3、教育对象的向师性要求教师从育人的高度注意自身劳动的（）示范性；创造性；主体性；社会性4、师生之间的伦理关系模式可以分为代际关系，朋友关系和（）管理关系；心理关系；代际——朋友关系；法律关系5、确立教师职业道德教育引导性原则的依据是道德的（）他律性；实践性；阶级性；层次性6、孔子“有教无类”的观点体现了他重要的教育思想——（）以民为本；知行合一；教育公平；立志乐教7、教师严格要求学生应当做到严而有理、严而有度、严而有方以及（）严而有爱；严而有则；严而不苛；严而有恒8、统率教师职业道德评价全过程的原则有目的性原则、质的分析原则和（）量的分析原则；主体性原则；主客体结合原则；实事求是原则9、大学精神的精髓和内核包括学术自由的精神、独立自主的精神、科学精神和人文精神、开拓创新精髓以及（）理性批判精神；求真务实精神；安贫乐道精神；团结协作精神10、教师之间发展性团结协作关系的显著特点是（）相互间没有矛盾；有好的领导；相互间愿意、敢于、善于提出问题；规章制度健全二、简述题（5*4=20）1、我国职业道德的主要规范是什么？【p16-17】2、如何理解道德是特殊的规范调节方式？【P8】3、建立和弘扬大学精神对师德修养的意义是什么？[p48,53，55；请先说说大学精神的内涵，再谈谈大学精神的作用（也就是对师德修养的意义）；为保险起见，建议大家把大学精神对高校教师职业道德提出的几条要求也写上。

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Writing Experimental ReportsI. Content of an experimental report, e.g.--- study subject/ area--- study purpose--- ____1____II.Presentation of an experimental report--- providing details--- regarding readers as _____2_____III.Structure of an experimental report--- feature: highly structured and ____3____--- sections and their content:INTRODUCTION ____4____; why you did itMETHOD how you did itRESULT what you found out____5____ what you think it showsIV. Sense of readership--- ____6____: reader is the marker--- ____7____: reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent person with little knowledge of your study--- tasks to fulfill in an experimental report:nintroduction to relevant areanecessary background informationnndevelopment of clear argumentsdefinition of technical termsnprecisendescription of data ____8____V. Demands and expectations in report writing--- early stage:nunderstanding of study subject/area and its implicationsbasic grasp of thenreport's format--- later stage:____9____ on researchnsignificance--- things to avoid in writing INTRODUCTION:inadequatenmaterial____10____ of research justification for the studynSECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answerthe questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B. Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C. Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D. Toastmasters is an exclusive club for professional speakers.2. The following are job benefits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPTA. becoming familiar with various means of communication.B. learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C. becoming aware of audience expectations.D. learning how to get along with friends.3. Toastmasters' general approach to training can be summarized asA. practice plus overall training.B. practice plus lectures.C. practice plus voice training.D. practice plus speech writing.4. Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPTA. public speakers.B. grammar teachers.C. masters of ceremonies.D. evaluators.5. The interview mainly focuses onA. the background information.B. the description of training courses.C. the requirements of public speaking.D. the overall personal growth.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 are'based on the foUowing news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.6. Which of the following is the main cause of global warming?A. Fossil fuel.B. Greenhouse gases.C. Increased dryness.D. Violent storm patterns.7. The news item implies that ______ in the last report.A. there were fewer studies doneB. there were fewer policy proposalsC. there was less agreementD. there were fewer objectivesQuestions 8 and 9 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.8. The cause of the Indian train accident wasA. terrorist sabotage.B. yet to be determined.C. lack of communications.D. bad weather.9. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The accident occurred on a bridge.B. The accident occurred in New Delhi.C. There were about 600 casualties.D. Victims were rescued immediately.Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.10. What is the main message of the news item?A. Young people should seek careers advice.B. Careers service needs to be improved.C. Businesses are not getting talented people.D. Careers advice is not offered on the Intemet.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip toIstanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children "in danger," referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of troublespots. We didn't see a lotof children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see "every single" church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy.T aking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans' palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook,which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef~to a learned third party.11. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA. the city is not too far away from where they lived.B. the city is not on the list of the U.S. State Department.C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D. the city is more familiar than exotic.12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13. We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA. they were used to bargaining over price.B. they preferred to buy things outdoors.C. street markets were their favourite.D. they preferred fashion and brand names.14. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in IstanbulA. guidebooks are very useful.B. a professional guide is a must.C. one has to be prepared for questions.D. one has to make arrangements in advance.15. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA. religious prayers.B. historical buildings.C. local-style markets.D. shopping mall boutiques.TEXT BLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming "demographic cliff" will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers aged between 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share in the world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, at the same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by IBM last year concluded: "When the baby-boomer generation retires, many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked out the door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void."Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as 40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlier this year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying in Beverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to work for his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of thedeveloped world tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list of the best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere & Company, a no-nonsense industrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deere's 46,000 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that –flexible working, telecommuting, and so forth - also coincidentaUy help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends "a lot of time" on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world's most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45. Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst & Young, a professional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its "experienced" new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst & Young found that "although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire, it is not dealing with the issue." Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Yet few of them are looking to older workers to fill that shortage; and even fewer are looking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards - this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the crunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers. Nor is hanging on to older workers the only way to cope with a falling supply of labour. The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply - whatever the local effect of demographics in the rich countries. A vast amount of work is being sent offshore to such places as China and India and more will go in future. Some countries, such as Australia, are relaxing their immigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid theneed for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.16. According to the passage, the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approachingretirement would beA. a loss of knowledge and experience to many companies.B. a decrease in the number of 35- to 44- year-olds.C. a continuous increase in the number of 50-to 64-year-olds.D. its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing.17. The following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageing workforce EXCEPTA. making places of work accommodate the needs of older workers.B. using alumni networks to hire retired former employees.C. encouraging former employees to work overseas.D. granting more convenience in working hours to older workers.18. "The company spends 'a lot of time' on the ergonomics of its factories" (Paragraph Seven) means thatA. the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories.B. the company improves the working conditions in its factories.C. the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories.D. the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment.19. In the author's opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of the ageing workforce mainly becauseA. they have not been aware of the problem.B. they are reluctant to hire older workers.C. they are not sure of what they should do.D. they have other options to consider.20. Which of the following best describes the author's development of argument?A. introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---~describing the actual status---offering reasons.B. describing the actual status--- introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue---offering reasons.C. citing ways to deal with the issue---introducing the issue----describing the actual status---offering reasons.D. describing the actual status--offering reasons---introducing the issue---citing ways to deal with the issue.TEXT C(1) The other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife. It has two aspects: that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks. There are various ways in which the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced. Provided that husband and wife are not in the same or directly comparable lines of work, the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by a genial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude. Where there are ranks, it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find some special reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife's.(2) A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocate domestic tasks if there are children. In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of the unemployed of the Lancashire coalfields: "Practically never ... in aworking-class home, will you see the man doing a stroke of the housework. Unemployment has not changed this convention, which on the face of it seems a little unfair. The man is idle from morning to night but the woman is as busy as ever - more so, indeed, because she has to manage with less money. Yet so far as myexperience goes the women do not protest. They feel that a man would lose his manhood if, merely because he was out of work, he developed in a 'Mary Ann'."(3) It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes really significant. For this, unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapably time-consuming occupation, and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of than her husband.(4) The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried on with any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and, of course, with all degrees of tentativeness. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman's response. If she shows interest the engines of persuasion are set in movement. The truth is that in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.(5) What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together, at work and away from it, the more the comprehensive amorousness of men towards women will have to go, despite all its past evolutionary services. For it is this that makes inferiority at work abrasive and, more indirectly, makes domestic work seem unmanly, if there is to be an equalizing redistribution of economic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistribution of the erotic initiative. If women will no longer let us beat them they must allow us to join them as the blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.21. Paragraph One advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband toA. work in the same sort of job as her husband.B. play down her success, making it sound unimportant.C. stress how much the family gains from her high salary.D. introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home.22. Orwell's picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier (Paragraph Two) describes a relationship which the author of the passageA. thinks is the natural one.B. wishes to see preserved.C. believes is fair.D. is sure must change.23. Which of the following words is used literally, NOT metaphorically?A. Abrasive (Paragraph Five).B. Engines (Paragraph Four).C. Convention (Paragraph Two).D. Heavily (Paragraph One).24. The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they mustA. sometimes make the first advances in love.B. allow men to flirt with many women.C. stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates.D. avoid making their husbands look like "Mary Anns".25. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?A. Men are equally serious about courtship.B. Each man "makes passes" at many women.C. The woman's reaction decides the fate of courtship.D. The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.TEXT DFrom Namche Bazaar, the Sherpa capital at 12,000 feet, the long line threaded south,dropping 2,000 feet to the valley floor, then trudged down the huge Sola-Khumbu canyon until it opened out to the lush but still daunting foothills of Central Nepal.It was here at Namche that one man broke rank and leaned north, slowly and arduously climbing the steep walls of the natural amphitheater behind the scatter of stone huts, then past Kunde and Khumjong.Despite wearing a balaclava on his head, he had been frequently recognized by the Tibetans, and treated with the gravest deference and respect. Even among those who knew nothing about him, expressions of surprise lit up their dark, liquid eyes. He was a man not expected to be there.Not only was his stature substantially greater than that of the diminutive Tibetans, but it was also obvious from his bearing - and his new broadcloak, which covered a much-too-tight army uniform - that he came from a markedly loftier station in life than did the average Tibetan. Among a people virtually bereft of possessions, he had fewer still, consisting solely of a rounded bundle about a foot in diameter slung securely by a cord over his shoulder. The material the bundle was wrapped in was of a rough Tibetan weave, which did not augur that the content was of any greater value - except for the importance he seemed to ascribe to it, never for a moment releasing his grip.His objective was a tiny huddle of buildings perched halfway up an enormous valley wall across from him, atop a great wooded spur jutting out from the lower lap of the 22,493-foot AmaDablum, one of the most majestic mountains on earth. There was situated Tengboche, the most famous Buddhist monastery in the Himalayas, its setting unsurpassed for magnificence anywhere on the planet.From the top of the spur, one's eyes sweep 12 miles up the stupendous Dudh Kosi canyon to the six-mile-long granite wall of cliff of Nuptse at its head. If Ama Dablum is the Gatekeeper,then the sheer cliff of Nuptse, never less than four miles high, is the Final Protector of the highest and mightiest of them all: Chomolongma, the Mother Goddess of the World, to the Tibetans; Sagarmatha, the Head of the Seas, to the Nepalese; and Everest to the rest of us. And over the great barrier of Nuptse She demurely peaks.It was late in the afternoon - when the great shadows cast by the colossal mountains were descending into the deep valley floors - before he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop just past Tengboche's entrance gompa. His chest heaving in the rarefiedair, he removed his hand from the bundle--the first time he had done so - and wiped grimy rivulets of sweat from around his eyes with the fingers of his mitted hand.His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds, the pagoda-like monastery itself, and the stone buildings that tumbled down around it like a protective skirt. In the distance the magic light of the magic hour lit up the plume flying off Chomolongma's 29,029-foot-high crest like a bright, welcoming banner.His breathing calmed, he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps to the monastery entrance. There he was greeted with a respectful nameste -"I recognize the divine in you" - from a tall, slim monk of about 35 years, who hastily set aside a twig broom he had been using to sweep the flagstones of the inner courtyard. While he did so, the visitor noticed that the monk was missing the small finger on his left hand. The stranger spoke a few formal words in Tibetan, and then the two disappeared inside.Early the next morning the emissary - lightened of his load - appeared at the monastery entrance, accompanied by the same monk and the elderly abbot. After a bow of his head, which was returned much more deeply by the two ocher-robed residents, he took his leave. The two solemn monks watched, motionless, until he dipped over the ridge on which the monastery sat, and out of sight.Then, without a word, they turned and went back inside the monastery.26. Which of the following words in Paragraph One implies difficulty in walking?A. "threaded".B. "dropping".C. "trudged".D. "daunting".27. In the passage the contrast between the Tibetans and the man is indicated in all the following aspects EXCEPTA. clothing.B. height.C. social statusD. personal belongings.28. It can be inferred from the passage that one can get ______ of the region from the monastery.A. a narrow viewB. a hazy viewC. a distant viewD. a panoramic view29. Which of the following details shows that the man became relaxed after he reached the monastery?A. "...he reached the crest of the spur and shuffled to a stop..."B. "...he removed his hand from the bundle..."C. "His narrowed eyes took in the open sweep of the quiet grounds..."D. "...he slowly, stiffly struggled forward and up the rough stone steps..."30. From how it is described in the passage the monastery seems to evokeA. a sense of awe.B. a sense of piety.C. a sense of fear.D. a sense of mystery.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.31. The Head of State of New Zealand isA. the governor-general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high commissioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingdom.32. The capital of Scotland isA. Glasgow.B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester.D. London.33. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President?A. Thomas Jefferson.B. George Washington.C. Thomas Paine.D. John Adams.34. Which of the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia?A. Perth.B. Adelaide.C. Sydney.D. Melbourne.35. Ode to the West Windwas written byA. William Blake.B. William Wordsworth.C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.D. Percy B. Shelley.36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse?A. Ralph Waldo Emerson.B. Walt Whitman.C. Herman MelvilleD. Theodore Dreiser.37. The novel Sons and Lovers was written byA. Thomas Hardy.B. John Galsworthy.C. D.H. Lawrence.D. James Joyce.38. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production isA. corpus linguistics.B. sociolinguistics.C. theoretical linguistics.D. psycholinguistics.。

全国大联考2009届高三第八次联考•语文试卷编审：江西金太阳教育研究所语文研究室考生注意：1．本试卷共150分。

考试时间150分钟。

2．答题前，考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚，并将试卷答案填在相应的答题卷上。

3．本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。

一、本大题4小题。

每小题3分。

共12分。

1．下列各组词语中，每对加点字的读音都不相同的一组是A、露风／公开露面裨将／大有裨益要塞／敷衍塞责B、落枕／落落大方巷道／街头巷尾数落／数典忘祖C、提挈／锲而不舍佚名／卷帙浩繁信笺／明修栈道D、绮丽／倚马可待诧异／叱咤风云泥淖／风姿绰约2．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是A、大批博士涌入公务员队伍，或可改变一下地方的政治生态，使得其他官员在一定程度上对知识、对科技存有一些敬畏，兴起学习之风，避免一些相得益彰的官场沉疴。

B、在当前经济进入“寒冬”的时刻，太平洋期货公司运用期货套期保值来规避价格风险，在这次金融海啸的冲击中挥洒自如。

为企业的长期稳定发展赢得了新机遇。

C、为给中国人“降温”，很多论者试图揭出圆明园的很多文物是中国人自己毁掉的“史实”，为侵略者烧杀掠夺的史实开脱，这些行为只能是扬汤止沸，让事情越来越乱。

D、今年毕业生的就业形势将更加严峻，高职学生不能自恃在专业技能方面怀瑾握瑜而掉以轻心，应在具备一技之长的基础上，努力拓宽知识的广度，增强就业竞争力。

3．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A、学校应注重创建满足学生充分发展需求的教育环境，构建学生充分参与学校教育活动，开发学生自主发展的课程，充分体现学生的主体性。

B、仿古家具多是以紫檀、黄花梨、红木等明清贡木原料为主，造型简洁、质朴，不仅富有流畅、隽永的线条美，还给人以含蓄、高雅的意蕴美。

C、人类航天活动制造了很多太空垃圾，世界各国应加强立法，制定国际公约，从卫星发射、回收、制造上研究减少产生太空垃圾的办法。

D、在目前中国三元社会结构所呈现的各种矛盾重叠的情况下，我们应把防止宏观经济过度收缩带来社会结构不稳定作为宏观经济治理的目标。

2009年秋季课程标准评估系列八年级课堂教学期末调考物理试题考时：80分钟满分：70分1.当喇叭里响起“我和你，心连心，共住地球村……”的男声演唱时，小明和小华齐声说：“是刘欢在演唱！”他们作出判断的依据是：不同演员声音的A．音调不同B．响度不同C．音色不同D．声速不同2. 小明同学在课外用易拉罐做成如图1所示的装置做小孔成像实验，如果易拉罐底部有一个很小的三角形小孔，则他在半透明纸上看到的像是：A．蜡烛的正立像B．蜡烛的倒立像C．三角形光斑D．圆形光斑3. 刘翔的步行速度是5.4km／h，小明的步行速度是1m／s，这表明A. 刘翔的运动一定比小明快B. 刘翔一定始终在小明前面C. 小明的运动时间一定比刘翔长D. 刘翔步行的路程一定比小明多4. 小明同学观察紫外线灭菌灯的工作情况，发现它发出淡紫色的光，这是因为A．紫外线本身就是一种淡紫色的光B．紫外线中有一部分是看得见的，有一部分是看不见的，看得见的那一部分是淡紫色C．紫外线本身是看不见的，看见的淡紫色的光并不是紫外线D．以上说法都是错误的5.如图2所示，用悬挂着的乒乓球接触正在发声的音叉，乒乓球会多次被弹开．这个实验是用来探究A．声音能否在真空中传播B．声音产生的原因C．音调是否与频率有关D．声音传播是否需要时间图26. 在南北方向的平直公路上，有甲、乙、丙三辆汽车，甲车上的人看到乙车匀速向南，乙车上的人看到路旁的建筑物匀速向南，丙车上的人看到甲车匀速向北．这三辆车中相对于地面可能静止的是A．只有甲车 B．只有乙车c．只有丙车 D．甲、丙车7. 在抗震救灾中，为了将救援人员和救援物资及时地运送到灾区，使用到了多种运输工具。

下列运输工具正常行驶时，速度最大的是：A．列车 B．大卡车 C．大型客机 D．冲锋舟8. 近年来，为了控制噪声污染，改善居民的生活环境，有些城市采取了城区禁止汽车鸣笛、道路两边种花植树、高架桥两侧安装隔声板等措施。

图3所示的标志中，表示“禁止鸣笛”的是9. 如图4所示，对下列光学现象的描述或解释错误的是（a）（b）图4 （c）（d）A.图（a）中漫反射的光线尽管杂乱无章，但每条光线仍然遵循光的反射定律B.图（b）中木工师傅观察木板是否平整，是利用了光的直线传播特点C.图（c）所示炎热夏天公路上的海市蜃楼景象，是由光的反射现象造成的D.图（d）所示是太阳光经过三棱镜色散后的色光排列情况二.填空题（每空1分，共19分）10．百米赛跑过程中的某时刻甲、乙两运动员位置的示意图如图5所示（1）两运动员中，_______的速度较快，因为在相等的时间内该运动员_______较大（2）乙运动员的成绩是10s，他的速度是_______m／s11.在校艺术节汇演时，小明弹奏电吉他时不断用手指去控制琴弦长度，这样做的目的是为了改变声音的；琴声是通过传播到我们耳中的。

26（21分）（注意：在试题卷上作答无效．．．．．．．．．）如图，在x轴下方有匀强磁场，磁感应强度大小为B，方向垂直于x y平面向外。

P是27.（15分）（注意：在试题卷上作答无效．．．．．．．．．）浓H2SO4和木炭在加热时发生反应的化学方程式是2 H2SO4 (浓) + C CO2↑+ 2 H2O + 2SO2↑请从下图中选用所需的仪器（可重复选用）组成一套进行该反应并检出反应产物的装置。

现提供浓H2SO4、木炭和酸性KMnO4溶液，其他固、液试剂自选。

（连接和固定仪器用的玻璃管、胶管、铁夹、铁架台及加热装置等均略去）将所选的仪器按连接顺序由上至下依次填入下表，并写出该仪器中应加试剂的名称及其作用。

答案C 浓硫硫和木炭产生反应物B 无水硫酸铜检验是否有水A 品红检验SO2A 酸性KMnO4除去SO2A 澄清石灰水检验CO2的存在。

【解析】成套装置包括反应装置，检验装置和尾气处理装置。

C中加入浓硫硫和木炭作为反应物的发生器，产物中必须先检验水，因为在检验其他物质时会在其它试剂中混入水，可选用装置B，放入无水硫酸铜，若变蓝则说明有水。

接着检验SO2气体，用装置A，放入品红检验，若品红褪色，则说明有SO2气体产生，再用装置A，放入酸性KMnO4溶液以除去SO2，最后再用装置A，放入澄清石灰水来检验CO2的存在，因SO2也可以使澄清石灰水变浑，故先要除去SO2。

28.（15分）（注意：在试题卷上作答无效．．．．．．．．．）下图所示装置中，甲、乙、丙三个烧杯依次分别盛放100g 5.00%的NaOH溶液、足量的CuSO4溶液和100g 10.00%的K2SO4溶液，电极均为石墨电极。

（1）接通电源，经过一段时间后，测得丙中K2SO4浓度为10.47%，乙中c电极质量增加。

据此回答问题：①电源的N端为极；②电极b上发生的电极反应为；③列式计算电极b上生成的气体在标准状态下的体积：；④电极c的质量变化是g；⑤电解前后各溶液的酸、碱性大小是否发生变化，简述其原因：甲溶液；乙溶液；丙溶液；（2）如果电解过程中铜全部析出，此时电解能否继续进行，为什么？答案（1）①正极②4OH－-4e－=2H2O + O2↑。