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功能翻译理论视角下2016年《政府工作报告》英译作者：宋汝佳来源：《校园英语·中旬》2016年第07期【摘要】功能翻译理论研究的重点是翻译目的和译文功能。
《政府工作报告》的英译是我国政府对外宣传的一种外交渠道，也是外国媒体和人民了解中国的一种权威资料来源。
本文根据功能翻译理论，从四个方面具体分析2016年《政府工作报告》英译的翻译方法，以期为政治文本翻译提供借鉴。
【关键词】功能翻译理论政府工作报告翻译方法每年一度的国务院《政府工作报告》，其英译也有关我国的国家形象和国家利益。
功能翻译理论主要研究的是翻译目的或译文功能。
本文以功能翻译理论视角出发，对2016年《政府工作报告》的翻译方法进行分析，以期为政治文本翻译提供参考。
一、功能翻译理论概述功能翻译理论的主要理论包括莱斯的文本类型论、曼特瑞的翻译行动论、弗米尔的目的论和诺德的功能加忠诚理论。
功能翻译理论的核心理论是翻译目的论，目的论认为翻译行为所包含的交际意图、目的或功能是译者决策的根源所在。
莱斯认为文本类型分为三种：信息型、表情型和操作型。
弗米尔的目的论的核心概念是决定翻译过程的最主要因素是整体翻译行为的目的，他认为翻译目的论有三个原则：目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则。
曼特瑞提出了翻译行为理论，把翻译视为实现信息的跨文化、跨语言转换的复杂行为。
诺德提出了功能加忠诚理论，区分了文献翻译和工具翻译这两种翻译类型，发展了目的论。
二、《政府工作报告》文本功能和翻译目的《政府工作报告》其主要的目的是传递信息，文本偏重于内容，按照莱斯划分的三个文本类型属于“信息性”文本。
译者在翻译信息性文本时应该注意保持译文和原文在语义上的对等，在译文中尽量传递与原文相同的概念与信息。
翻译时应以国家利益为重，对党的对外宣传政策为宗旨，要衡量用词的政治含义和影响。
黄友义提出外宣翻译三贴近的原则，即贴近中国发展的实际，贴近国外受众对中国信息的需求，贴近国外受众的思维习惯，他还指出三贴近要注意两点：一时充分考虑文化差异，努力跨越文化鸿沟；二是熟知外国语言习俗，防止落入文字陷阱。
“政府工作报告”英语怎么说名词解释:政府工作报告是中华人民共和国政府的一种公文形式，各级政府都必须在每年召开的当地人民代表大会会议和政治协商会议(俗称“两会”)上向大会主席团、与会人大代表和政协委员发布这一报告。
你知道怎么用英语表达吗?The 11th National People's Congress (NPC), China's parliament, opened its fifth annual session Monday morning at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.Premier Wen Jiabao delivered the government work report at the opening meeting, chaired by NPC Standing Committee Chairman Wu Bangguo.周一上午，第十一届全国人民代表大会第五次会议在人民大会堂开幕。
会议由吴邦国主持，温家宝在会议上作了政府工作报告。
【讲解】：“政府工作报告”的英文表达就是government work report，我们也可以说“a report on the work of the government ”。
deliver a report就是作报告的意思。
全国两会是指全国人民代表大会(National People's Congress)以及中国人民政治协商会议(Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)。
简称NPC和CPPCC(或The PCC)。
Great Hall of the People就是人民大会堂的意思。
两会中的代表我们用deputy一词表达。
英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译6导读：本文英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译6，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
积极稳妥推进城镇化，五年转移农村人口8463万人，城镇化率由45.9%提高到52.6%，城乡结构发生了历史性变化。
We advanced urbanization actively yet prudently. Over the past five years: A total of 84.63 million rural residents migrated to urban areas. The urbanization level rose from 45.9"10 to 52.6%, marking a historic turning point in China's urban-rural population structure.城乡、区域发展的协调性明显增强。
Development between urban and rural areas and between regions became more balanced.三是毫不放松地抓好“三农”工作，巩固和加强农业基础地位。
3. Unremittingly doing our work related to agriculture, rural areas, andfarmers well, and consolidating and strengthening the position ofagriculture as the foundation of the economy我们坚持在工业化、信息化、城镇化深入发展中同步推进农业现代化，集中力量办成了一些关系农业农村长远发展、关系农民切身利益的大事。
We carried out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization, application of information and communication technologies (leT), and urbanization, and we pooled resources to accomplish a number of major tasks that are important to the long-term development of agriculture and rural areas and to the vital interests offarmers.加大财政投入，中央财政“三农”累计支出4.47万亿元，年均增长23.5%。
- 217 -校园英语 / 翻译探究功能翻译理论视角下2016年《政府工作报告》英译西南石油大学外国语学院/宋汝佳【摘要】功能翻译理论研究的重点是翻译目的和译文功能。
《政府工作报告》的英译是我国政府对外宣传的一种外交渠道，也是外国媒体和人民了解中国的一种权威资料来源。
本文根据功能翻译理论，从四个方面具体分析2016年《政府工作报告》英译的翻译方法，以期为政治文本翻译提供借鉴。
【关键词】功能翻译理论 政府工作报告 翻译方法每年一度的国务院《政府工作报告》，其英译也有关我国的国家形象和国家利益。
功能翻译理论主要研究的是翻译目的或译文功能。
本文以功能翻译理论视角出发，对2016年《政府工作报告》的翻译方法进行分析，以期为政治文本翻译提供参考。
一、功能翻译理论概述功能翻译理论的主要理论包括莱斯的文本类型论、曼特瑞的翻译行动论、弗米尔的目的论和诺德的功能加忠诚理论。
功能翻译理论的核心理论是翻译目的论，目的论认为翻译行为所包含的交际意图、目的或功能是译者决策的根源所在。
莱斯认为文本类型分为三种：信息型、表情型和操作型。
弗米尔的目的论的核心概念是决定翻译过程的最主要因素是整体翻译行为的目的，他认为翻译目的论有三个原则：目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则。
曼特瑞提出了翻译行为理论,把翻译视为实现信息的跨文化、跨语言转换的复杂行为。
诺德提出了功能加忠诚理论，区分了文献翻译和工具翻译这两种翻译类型，发展了目的论。
二、《政府工作报告》文本功能和翻译目的《政府工作报告》其主要的目的是传递信息，文本偏重于内容，按照莱斯划分的三个文本类型属于“信息性”文本。
译者在翻译信息性文本时应该注意保持译文和原文在语义上的对等，在译文中尽量传递与原文相同的概念与信息。
翻译时应以国家利益为重，对党的对外宣传政策为宗旨，要衡量用词的政治含义和影响。
黄友义提出外宣翻译三贴近的原则，即贴近中国发展的实际，贴近国外受众对中国信息的需求，贴近国外受众的思维习惯，他还指出三贴近要注意两点：一时充分考虑文化差异，努力跨越文化鸿沟；二是熟知外国语言习俗，防止落入文字陷阱。
2019年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（5）2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记（5）四是着眼开拓发展空间，促动区域协调发展和新型城镇化。
Fourth,we promoted coordinated development between regionsand the new type ofurbanization to expand development space.☆新型城镇化 the new type of urbanization继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推动“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。
Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, andthe northeast; priority was placed onmoving forward with the Three Initiatives – the Belt and Road Initiative, theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects werealso launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.☆重点推动prioritywas placed on moving forward with···☆京津冀协同发展 the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integrationinitiative☆长江经济带 the Yangtze EconomicBelt initiative☆在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程 A number of major projects were also launched to develop···improve···and achieve☆多用动词，让句子层次更分明更有力。
政府工作报告常用词汉译英（大力、推进、加快、有序、统筹）政府工作报告常用词汉译英（大力、推进、加快、有序、统筹）大力: ①大力调整产业结构We channeled great energy into making adjustments in the structure of industry.②我们大力推进依法行政In a major push to advance law-based government administration③大力盘活存量资金redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use④大力发展普惠金融We will channel great energy into developing inclusive finance⑤大力发展节水农业work hard to develop water-efficient agriculture.⑥大力发展旅游、健康、养老、创意设计等生活和生产服务业channel great energy into developing tourism, health, elderly care, innovative design, and other better-living and production-related services.⑦大力发展众创空间We will work hard to develop the right environment for creativity⑧要大力发展风电、光伏发电、生物质能we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and biomass energy⑨有中央政府一以贯之的大力支持with the central government continuing its strong support推进：①全面推进依法治国开启新征程embarked on a new journey to fully advance the law-based governance of China②经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等体制改革全面推进carry out structural reforms in the economic, political, cultural, societal, and ecological sectors③推进基础设施建设和区域协调发展Progress was made in developing infrastructure and promoting coordinated development among regions.④推进科技资源开放共享ensure that scientific and technological resources were openly shared⑤深入推进医药卫生改革发展。
2016年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（6）导读：本文2016年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（6），仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
2016年政府工作报告英文版6六是促进社会和谐稳定，推动依法行政和治理方式创新。
Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.☆比较典型的处理方法，把中文理解为目标+方法，英文叙述时先讲方法途径再说明目标。
在其他文本段落中，无论先说手段还是先说目标的都有，并不是太严格的规定。
重点在于体现逻辑。
☆依法行政conduct law-based administration and governance☆推动promote国务院提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案11件，制定修订行政法规8部。
政务公开加快推进，推广电子政务和网上办事。
The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and onlineadministration.☆提请submit☆法律议案legislative proposal☆制定修订enact or revise☆部set☆行政法规administrative regulation☆网上办事online administration (转换角度，并非严格对应) 建立重大政策落实督查问责机制，开展第三方评估。
第37卷第1期2017年2月黄冈师范学院学报Journal of Huanggang Normal UniversityVol.37 No.1Fcb.2017探析汉语“无主句”汉译英技巧—以2016年《政府工作报告》为例李洁(黄冈师范学院外国语学院，湖北黄冈438000)摘要：汉语“无主句”是汉语的一种特殊句式，而且应用广泛。
由于英汉两种语言存在很大的差异，这给 英译汉语“无主句”带来了一定的难度。
正确理解汉语无主句及其所处的语境是正确翻译的前提。
翻译汉语“无主句”没有一成不变的方法，必须结合具体情况进行具体分析。
本文拟结合2016年《政府工作报告》探析 汉语“无主句”的翻译方法，并总结出可采用英语被动结构、“T h c e b c”结构、补充主语、将动词转换成名词、在 少数情况下，可以灵活使用地道的英语表达的方法来应对汉语“无主句”的英译，以求对往后的翻译教学与实践能够提供有价值的参考。
关键词：汉语“无主句”英译汉技巧；政府工作报告》中图分类号：H31 文献标志码：A文章编号：1003-8078(2017)01-0080-03收稿日期：2016-04-05 doi：10.3969/j.issn.1003-8078.201 7.01.1 9作者简介：李洁（1988—），女，湖北黄冈人，黄冈师范学院外国语学院教师，硕士。
基金项目：黄冈师范学院校级项目，项目编号：201659。
《政府工作报告》是特色鲜明的政论文体。
政 论文逻辑严谨，结构清晰，用词精确、规范，含有大 量的长句，句法非常工整，政治色彩较强。
每年的 《政府工作报告》还有一个鲜明的语言特色，那就 是使用了大量的无主句，即没有主语的句子。
由于无主句现象是汉语中常见的一个现象，加之英汉两种语言及思维差异，给汉译英造成了一定的困难。
要想恰当翻译汉语无主句，一个很重要的前提就是正确理解汉语无主句。
这里以2016年 《政府工作报告》为例，探讨汉语“无主句”汉译英技巧。
双语两会｜2016年政府工作报告里的“十大新词”3月5日，李克强总理向出席十九届人大会议第三次全体会议的代表作了2016年度工作报告。
在这份政府工作报告中，在对2016年的工作展望中，李总理提及了十个重要的“新词汇”，展现了今年政府工作的一些新思路。
1New economy 新经济This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy. We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.当前我国发展正处于这样一个关键时期，必须培育壮大新动能，加快发展新经济。
要推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长，以体制机制创新促进分享经济发展，建设共享平台，做大高技术产业、现代服务业等新兴产业集群，打造动力强劲的新引擎。
2North-south and east-west intersecting economic belts 纵向横向经济轴带Given by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastlines, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.以区域发展总体战略为基础，以“三大战略”为引领，形成沿海沿江沿线经济带为主的纵向横向经济轴带，培育一批辐射带动力强的城市群和增长极。
For four years in a row（连续四年）a year-on-year increase（比上年增加）reform. and opening up policy（改革开放政策）social programs（社会事业）per capita（每人的，人均的）after adjusting for inflation（扣除价格因素）moderately prosperous society（小康社会）macroeconomic regulatory（宏观调控）new socialist countryside（社会主义新农村）pursuant to the law（依法）rural migrant workers in cities（农民工）a surplus production capacity（生产力过剩）opened to traffic（通车）energy conservation（节能）state-owned enterprises（国有企业）civil servant（公务员）made breakthroughs（取得突破）compulsory education（义务教育）miscellaneous fees（杂费）boarding schools（寄宿制学校）distance education（远程教育）secondary vocational schools（中等职业学校）incorporated villages（行政村）unincorporated villages（自然村）After years of effort（经过多年努力）basic cost of liv ing allowances（最低生活保障）autonomous regions（自治区）free our minds（解放思想）keep pace with the times（与时俱进）Chinese socialism（中国特色社会主义）social harmony（社会和谐）special administrative regions（特别行政区）prudent fiscal policy.（稳健的财政政策）boosting domestic demand（扩大内需）cutting-edge（前沿）displaced residents（（三峡）移民）non-publicly funded schools（民办学校）school year（学年）communicable diseases（传染病）social safety net（社会保障）discharged military personnel（退伍军人）pyramid schemes（传销）pilot project（试点）Income Tax（所得税）futures market（期货市场）high value-added（高附加值）high-end（高端）cutthroat competition（恶性竞争）combat corruption（反腐）hand over foot（大手大脚）plug up loopholes（堵塞漏洞）People's Armed Police（武警）starting point and objective（出发点和落脚点）socialist market economy（社会主义市场经济）Scientific Outlook on Development（科学发展观）harmonious socialist society（社会主义和谐社会）tailor measures to suit local conditions（因地制宜）South-to-North Water Diversion Project（南水北调）administrative examination and approval（行政审批）follow a realistic and pragmatic approach（实事求是）exercise activities for the general public（全民健身活动）large-scale development of the western region（西部大开发）processing industry for agricultural products（农产品加工业）municipalities directly under the central government（直辖市）primary, secondary and tertiary industry（第一第二第三产业）deliver a good report to the people.（向人民交出满意的答卷）socialist cultural and ethical progress（社会主义精神文明建设）give full play to the initiative of each.（充分发挥各自的积极性）registering the third consecutive annual increase（连续三年增加）physically and mentally challenged persons（残疾人，肢残和智残）resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.（资源节约型和环境友好型社会）ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform. and development.（让全体人民共享改革发展的成果）。
Government Work ReportIntroductionThe Government Work Report is an annual report presented by the Chinese government to the National People’s Congress (NPC) every year. It is a significant document that outlines the government’s policies, achievements, and plans for the future. This report plays a crucial role in the governance and development of the country as it provides a comprehensive overview of the government’s actions and goals.Key HighlightsEconomic DevelopmentThe Chinese government has made significant progress in promoting economic development. In the past year, the economy has maintained steady growth despite various challenges. The report states that China’s GDP growth rate reached X% in the previous year, which demonstrates the economic stability and resilience of the country.To sustain economic growth, various measures have been implemented, such as tax reductions, increasing domestic consumption, and promoting innovation and technology. The government has also emphasized the importance of ecological conservation and considered it as a critical factor for long-term sustainable development.Poverty AlleviationPoverty alleviation remains a top priority for the government. Tremendous progress has been made in reducing poverty and improving living standards in rural areas. The report highlights the achievements in poverty reduction and reveals the government’s commitment to eradicating absolute poverty in China by the target year.The government has implemented several poverty alleviation measures, including targeted poverty alleviation programs, rural infrastructure development, and vocational training to uplift the disadvantaged communities. These efforts have resulted in a significant decrease in poverty rates and an improvement in the overall quality of life in rural areas.Social Welfare and Public ServicesThe report emphasizes the importance of social welfare and public services for the well-being of the citizens. The government has taken steps to enhance thequality and accessibility of education, healthcare, housing, and social security systems.Investment in education has been increased to improve the quality of education and ensure equal educational opportunities for all citizens. The healthcare system is being upgraded to provide better medical services to the people. Efforts are being made to provide affordable housing options and enhance the social security system to protect vulnerable groups.Environmental ProtectionAddressing environmental challenges has been a significant focus of the Chinese government. The report highlights the importance of environmental protection and the implementation of green development strategies for a sustainable future.Efforts have been made to reduce air pollution, promote clean energy, and increase the use of renewable resources. The government has also taken measures to strengthen environmental monitoring and enforcement to ensure strict compliance with environmental regulations. The report reflects the government’s commitment to building an eco-friendly society for the benefit of future generations.ConclusionThe Government Work Report provides a comprehensive overview of the Chinese government’s actions, achievements, and plans for the future. It highlights the government’s efforts in various areas such as economic development, povert y alleviation, social welfare, and environmental protection.The report reflects the government’s commitment to improving the lives of its citizens and building a prosperous and sustainable future for China. It serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and the general public in understanding the government’s policies and actions.Through continuous efforts and effective implementation of policies, the Chinese government aims to achieve the goal of national rejuvenation and create a harmonious and prosperous society for all its citizens.。
1、面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。
In face of mounting downward economic pressure, we maintained strategic focus, and kept our macroeconomic policy unchanged. Instead of using short-term stimulus measures, we continued to develop new ideas and methods for macro regulation. We exercised targeted regulation, stimulated market activity, shored up our weak spots, and boosted the real economy.2、我们坚持以人为本，持续增加民生投入，保基本、兜底线、建机制，尽管财政收入增速放缓、支出压力加大，但财政用于民生的比例达到70%以上。
We continued to put people first, sustaining increases to spending in areas that are important to improving standards of living. We have been working to build up a basic safety net, ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need, and make relevant institutional arrangements. Despite slowdown in the growth of government revenue and increased pressure on expenditures, more than 70% of last year's government budget was spent on ensuring standards of living.3、增加公共产品和服务供给，加大政府对教育、卫生等的投入，鼓励社会参与，提高供给效率。
政府工作报告常见表达(中英对照)1 依法履职perform one's functions in accordance with the law2 从容应对挑战confidently met all challenges3 奋力攻坚克难strove to overcome difficulties4 实现目标attain the targets5 经济运行稳中向好The economy was stable and improved6 经济效益economic performance7 城镇登记失业率the registered urban unemployment rate8 创历史新高an all-time high9 再上新台阶reach a new high10 城镇居民人均可支配收入The per capita disposable income of urban residents11 农村居民人均纯收入the per capita net income of rural residents12 城乡居民收入差距the urban-rural income gap13 规模以上工业企业industrial enterprises with annual revenue of 20 million yuan or more from their main business operations14 粮食产量Grain output15 增加值value-added16 地区生产总值gross regional product17 主要实物量指标Main real physical indexes18 社会事业Social programs19 载人深潜manned deep-sea dives20 建成创新型国家make the country more innovative21 经济社会发展既有量的扩大，又有质的提升The economy and society developed bothquantitatively and qualitatively22 砥砺前行forge ahead23 工作总基调general work guideline24 稳中求进make progress while maining stability25 统筹稳增长、调结构、促改革maintain stable growth, make structure adjustments and carry out reform in a holistic way26 坚持宏观政策要稳、微观政策要活、社会政策要托底We ensured that the government's macropolicies are stable, micro policies are flexibleand social policies meet people's basic needs.27 采取一系列既利当前、更惠长远的举措we adopted measures with both short-term and long-term benefits in mind28 稳中有为，稳中提质，稳中有进We strove to break new ground, improve quality, and make progress while ensuringstability.29 各项工作实现了良好开局All our work got off to a good start.30 激发市场活力invagorate the market31 内生动力internal driving force to growth32 国内外错综复杂的环境complex international and domestic developments33 深处着力endeavor to resolve deep-seated problems and difficulties34 放开市场这只“看不见的手”，用好政府这只“看得见的手”give full rein to both the invisible hand of themarket and the visible hand of the government35 加快转变职能accelarate the transformation of government functions36 简政放权streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments37 国务院机构改革Reform of State Council bodies38 有序实施be carried out in an orderly maner39 取消和下放了416项行政审批等事项abolish or delegate to lower-level governments 416 items previously subject to State Council review and approval40 分批in batches41 政府核准的投资项目目录the list of investment projects requiring government review and approval42 工商登记制度business registration system43 “营改增”replace business tax with value-added tax (VAT)44 行政事业性收费administrative fees45 为市场松了绑improved the market environment46 为企业添了力invigorate businesses47 新注册企业newly registered businesses48 民间投资private investment49 全面放开贷款利率管制completely lift interest rate controls on loans50 在全国进行中小企业股份转让系统试点。
历年政府工作报告中英文对照版和《经济学家》中英文对照版建议多看看，上面的习题最好都亲自做一下，三级没多大难度，充分准备应该可以通过汉英翻译技巧的培养（translation competence development）应涉及以下内容：一.要培养对英语的语感和悟性（language intuition – open and alert mind to pick up idioms, specific expressions, etc.）；二.要培养对英语的判断能力和鉴赏能力（evaluation capacity – judgment）；三.要培养对英语的洞察能力和剖析能力（power of observation – insight）；四.要培养对英语细微特征的反应能力（linguistic nuances alertness）；-五.要培养对社会文化和跨文化交流的敏感性（social-cultural sensitivity – cross-cultural awareness）；六.要培养对英语和汉语之间差别的意识(sense of differences between Chinese and English)；七.要培养对英语和汉语之间的辩证关系的认识(awareness of the dialectic relationship between Chinese and English)；八.要培养对英语“洋为中用”的意识(“use things foreign to serve Chinese purposes”)；九.要培养对英语“学以致用”的意识(apply what you have learned in your translation)；十.要培养对翻译的多层次、多角度的立体思维方式(a multi-tier approach )。
十一.一名称职的翻译工作者必须懂得什么是翻译的真谛(a clear conception of what translation is)。
2016政府工作报告中的20个金句（英文版）【2016政府工作报告谈经济】1. 只要闯过那个关口，中国经济就必然能够浴火重生、再创辉煌。
We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth. [ˌri:ɪn'vɪɡəreɪt]使再振作，使振兴;[daiˈnæmik]充满活力的2. 咱们不弄“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。
Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.3. 着眼久远、留有后手、谋势蓄势。
Have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.4. 营造敢为人先，宽容失败的良好气氛。
英[ˈfɒstə(r)]美[ˈfɔ:stə(r)]We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.【2016政府工作报告谈财政】5. 财政收入增加虽放缓，但该给群众办的实事一件也不能少。
2016年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（5）导读：本文2016年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（5），仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记（5）四是着眼开拓发展空间，促进区域协调发展和新型城镇化。
Fourth,we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type ofurbanization to expand development space.☆新型城镇化the new type of urbanization继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推进“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。
Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed onmoving forward with the Three Initiatives –the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.☆重点推进prioritywas placed on moving forward with···☆京津冀协同发展the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative☆长江经济带the Yangtze EconomicBelt initiative☆在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程A number of major projects were also launched to develop···improve···and achieve☆多用动词，让句子层次更分明更有力。
制定实施促进西藏和四省藏区、新疆发展的政策措施。
推进户籍制度改革，出台居住证制度，加强城镇基础设施建设，新型城镇化取得新成效。
Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.☆藏区Tibetan ethnic areas☆制定实施introduce☆加强pressed ahead with/step up☆户籍制度the household registration system☆居住证制度residence certification system☆城镇基础设施urban infrastructure☆取得新成效make progress in doing···五是紧扣增进民生福祉，推动社会事业改革发展。
Fifth,wepromoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.☆社会事业social programs在财力紧张情况下，保障民生力度继续加大。
推出新的政策，重点解决高校毕业生和就业困难群体的就业创业问题。
Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people. New policies were launched to create jobs and businessstartup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.☆财力紧张fiscal constraints☆在··· 情况下Despite （突出逻辑关系）☆民生the wellbeing of ourpeople☆高校毕业生college graduates城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成772万套，棚户区住房改造开工601万套，农村危房改造432万户，一大批住房困难家庭圆了安居梦。
Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.☆棚户区rundown urban areas☆一大批large numbers of☆安居梦dream of having a home to settle in☆危房dilapidated houses （去年也有这个词）☆Dilapidate /di’læpideit/ (如由于使用不当或缺乏保养)使(部分)破损(或破掉、破败、坍毁)；使倾坍The building had been dilapidated by neglect. 这座大楼因失修而圮毁。
加快改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校办学条件，深化中小学教师职称制度改革，重点高校招收贫困地区农村学生人数又增长10.5%。
We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.☆加快move more quickly to☆职称制度the professional title system☆中小学教师elementary and secondary school teachers☆重点高校key institutions of higher learning☆人数又增长increase the number of ··· by a further···全面推开县级公立医院综合改革，拓展居民大病保险，建立重特大疾病医疗救助制度、困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。
Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverageof the seriousdisease insurance scheme was extended to more rural andnon-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major andserious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowancesfor people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing caresubsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.☆重特大疾病major and serious diseases☆残疾人生活补贴living allowances for people with disabilities提高低保、优抚、企业退休人员基本养老金等标准，推行机关事业单位养老保险制度改革并完善工资制度。
加强基本公共文化服务建设。
广大人民群众有了更多获得感。
We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basicpension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pensionsystem for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions,and improved their wage system. Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified. All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.☆低保subsistence allowances☆优抚benefits for entitled groups☆基本养老金basic pension benefits☆机关事业单位Party and government offices and public institutions☆获得感sense of benefit☆工资制度wage system☆All of this has ··· 比较典型的总结句。
