2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译5

20xx年政府工作报告中英文版20xx年政府工作报告20xx年3月5日上午9时，第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议在人民大会堂开幕，国务院总理温家宝作政府工作报告。

在第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上的政府工作报告国务院总理温家宝20xx年3月5日REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT--Delivered at the Third Session of the Eleventh National People’s Congresson March 5, 2010Wen JiabaoPremier of the State Council各位代表，Fellow Deputies,现在，我代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I also invite themembers of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to provide comments and suggestions.一、20xx年工作回顾I. Review of Work in 200920xx年是新世纪以来我国经济发展最为困难的一年。

去年这个时候，国际金融危机还在扩散蔓延，世界经济深度衰退，我国经济受到严重冲击，出口大幅下降，不少企业经营困难，有的甚至停产倒闭，失业人员大量增加，农民工大批返乡，经济增速陡然下滑。

在异常困难的情况下，全国各族人民在中国共产党的坚强领导下，坚定信心，迎难而上，顽强拼搏，从容应对国际金融危机冲击，在世界率先实现经济回升向好，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译（6）新增城市污水日处理水平4600万吨;单位国内生产总值能耗下降17.2%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量分别下降15.7%和17.5%。

修订环境空气质量标准，增加细颗粒物PM2.5等监测指标。

Moreover, in the past five years： Daily urban sewage treatment capacity increased by 46 million tons. Energy consumption per unit ofGDP fell by 17.2%. Total chemical oxygen demand fell by 15.7%. Total sulfur dioxide emissionsfell by 17.5%. Environmental air quality standards were revised. The air quality index for monitoring fineparticulate matter (PM2 s) was added.推动天然林保护、退耕还林、防沙治沙等重点生态工程建设，五年累计完成造林2953万公顷，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196万公顷，综合治理水土流失面积24.6万平方公里，整治国土面积18万平方公里。

Progress was made in major ecological projects toprotect virgin forests, afforest marginal farmland, andprevent and control desertification. Over the past five years：Anadditional 29.53 million hectares of land were planted with trees. Desertification was halted on 11.96 million hectaresof land. Soil erosion on 246,000 square kilometers of landwas brought under control. A total of 180,000 squarekilometers of land were improved.深入实施区域发展总体战略，颁布实施全国主体功能区规划，制定西部大开发新十年指导意见和一系列区域发展规划，加快推动西藏、新疆等地区跨越式发展，We implemented the master strategy for regional development, promulgated and implemented the national planfor developing functional zones, formulated new 10-year guidelines for the large-scale development of the western region and a number of regional development plans, and accelerated leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.制定实施新十年农村扶贫开发纲要，将扶贫标准提升到2300元(2010年不变价)，增强集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚。

6.句子重心把握不稳
国际上一些政治因素对世界经济走势的影响 也不容忽视。 Some political factors cannot be ignored, which have effects on trend of world economy. The effect of certain political factors in the international arena on world economic trends cannot be overlooked.
The current imbalance in the global economy is only getting worse and global economic growth is slowing, making international competition even fiercer.
注重宏观调控的预见性、及时性和有效性 endeavor to make macro-economic regulation more proactive, responsive and effective 固定资产投资增长过快、货币信贷投放过多、外贸 顺差过大，以及农业基础薄弱 overheated growth in fixed asset investment, excessive supplies of money and credit, excessively large trade surplus, and weakness in agriculture 适时调整财政政策、货币政策，完善产业政策和土 地政策 adjust financial and monetary policies as needed, improve industrial policies and the land policy

2019年政府工作报告英文口语翻译（5）2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记（5）四是着眼开拓发展空间，促动区域协调发展和新型城镇化。

Fourth,we promoted coordinated development between regionsand the new type ofurbanization to expand development space.☆新型城镇化 the new type of urbanization继续推动东、中、西、东北地区“四大板块”协调发展，重点推动“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展“三大战略”，在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, andthe northeast; priority was placed onmoving forward with the Three Initiatives – the Belt and Road Initiative, theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative. A number of major projects werealso launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.☆重点推动prioritywas placed on moving forward with···☆京津冀协同发展 the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integrationinitiative☆长江经济带 the Yangtze EconomicBelt initiative☆在基础设施、产业布局、生态环保等方面实施一批重大工程 A number of major projects were also launched to develop···improve···and achieve☆多用动词，让句子层次更分明更有力。

修辞政府工作报告中英对比【arch 5, ____国务院总理李克强Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council各位代表：Felloarch5, ____国务院总理李克强Li KeqiangPremier of the State Council各位代表：Felloarch 5, ____国务院总理李克强Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council{修辞政府工作报告中英对比}.各位代表：Felloent for your deliberation and approval, and I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People__39;s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).一、 ____ 年工作回顾I. A Revieent of local government debt s in energy, transport, environmental protection, and communications ade in cooperationmunications. Chinese equipment is making significant strides into the international market.三是加大结构调整力度，增强发展后劲。

在结构性矛盾突出的情况下，我们积极作为，有扶有控，多办当前急需又利长远的事，务实经济社会发展根基。

Third, ents to make China’s development more sustainable. arch 5, ____ Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council Contents I. A Revieprove Living Standards and Promote Social DevelopmentVI. Improving GovernmentFelloent for your deliberation and approval, and I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People__39;s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). I. A Revieents faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging. The road to global economic recovery has been rough, any ups and doance of the major economies has been divergent. Doy has continued to mount, and leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary _i Jinping, all our people have ounted difficulties, and accomplished the year__39; s main targets for economic and social development. ade solid progress in our endeavor to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, got off to a good start in comprehensively deepening reform, embarked on a neance e time securing progress in its economic and socialdevelopment. The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated aking China one of the fastest-groajor economies in the ployment remained robust, illion neonstrating progress is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable. -- The economic structure illion metric tons; the contribution of consumption toic gro 46.9% to 48.2% of the GDP; and there of neodels. The central and ic terms than the eastern region. -- The quality of development ent spending accounted for more than 2% of the GDP. Energy intensity ade in recent years. -- People__39;s lives proved. Per capita disposable personal income increased by 8% in real terms nationy, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents greber of people living in poverty illion, and over 66 million more people gained access to safe drinking ber of outbound trips made by Chinese tourists e_ceeded 100 million. -- Neade in reform and opening up. A series of key tasks for comprehensively deepening reform inistration to cut the number of items that require government revieents have not come easily. They have been made possible by the painstaking efforts and hard ore difficulties and challenges than anticipated. plished the folloacro regulation, y groounting doic pressure, aintained strategic focus and kept our macroeconomic policy unchanged. Instead of using short-term stimulus measures, ethods for macro regulation. ulated market activity, shored up oury. y needs to be operating, s hindering development. oted reform to gain impetus for development, made structural adjustments to。

Modern Linguistics 现代语言学, 2019, 7(4), 473-477Published Online August 2019 in Hans. /journal/mlhttps:///10.12677/ml.2019.74062An Analysis of English TranslationTechniques of the Government WorkReport 2019 from the Perspective ofFunctional Equivalence TheoryYuhan Peng, Minhua Dong*Binjiang College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou ZhejiangReceived: July 21st, 2019; accepted: August 5th, 2019; published: August 12th, 2019AbstractGuided by the theory of functional equivalence, this paper makes a lexical and syntactic study of the English translation techniques of the Government Work Report 2019 and its English version, with a view to providing methods and references for the translation of other Government Work Reports.KeywordsFunctional Equivalence Theory, Government Work Report 2019,English Translation Techniques从功能对等角度分析《2019年政府工作报告》的英译技巧彭钰涵，董敏华*浙江中医药大学滨江学院，浙江杭州收稿日期：2019年7月21日；录用日期：2019年8月5日；发布日期：2019年8月12日*通讯作者。

2019年翻译资格考试catti高级口译练习：中美关系【英译汉】China pays great attention to U.S. concerns about trade imbalances, IPR protection and others, and has taken, andwill continue to take, effective steps to address them gradually. China is not after prolonged surplus in trade with the United States, and will continue to honor its WTO commitments by opening its market still wider to U.S. products. The Chinese Government attaches great importance to IPR protection and will step up its measures in this regard. We have lowered the threshold for criminal penalties against IPR infringement, intensified law enforcement and launched IPR protection campaigns. These measures will continue to be implemented.// It takes the efforts of both China and the United States to address their economic and trade frictions. We hope that the United States will recognize China’ s full market economy status, lift restrictions on commodity and technology exports to China and correct the wrong practices of trade protectionism. Increasing exports to China, instead of restricting imports from China, is the right course of action to solve trade imbalances.【参考译文】中方重视美方在贸易不平衡、知识产权保护等问题上的关切，已经并将继续采取积极措施逐步加以解决。

2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译（1）第十一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议以来的五年，是我国发展进程中极不平凡的五年。

The past five years since the First Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress were a trulyextraordinary period of time in the course of China's development.我们有效应对国际金融危机的严重冲击，保持经济平稳较快发展。

We effectively countered the severe impact of the global financial crisis and maintained steady and fast economic development.国内生产总值从26.6万亿元增加到51.9万亿元，跃升到世界第二位;China's GDP increased from 26.6 trillion yuan to 51.9 trillion yuan, and now ranks second in the world.公共财政收入从5.1万亿元增加到11.7万亿元;Government revenue went up from 5.1 trillion yuan to11.7 trillion yuan.累计新增城镇就业5870万人，A total of 58.7 million urban jobs were created.城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入年均分别增长8.8%、9.9%;The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by an annual average of 8.8%, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.9%.粮食产量实现“九连增”;。

2482019年17期总第457期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS政府工作报告中中国特色词汇英译——以《2019年政府工作报告》为例文/伍永晔随着综合国力显著提升，我国在世界历史舞台上发挥着越来越重要的作用，与世界各国的交流日益频繁。

作为与各国间交流的桥梁之一，每年政府工作报告及其英译本广受关注。

政府工作报告作为对外宣传的重要工具，其英译本是“一个国家对外交流水平和人文环境建设的具体体现”，是“决定外宣效果的最直接因素”，是一种“门面工作”。

因此，对其翻译必须认真负责，容不得半点纰漏与瑕疵。

其中大量中国特色词汇的翻译便是做好政府工作报告的一大难点。

王小萍指出，这些特殊词汇的翻译属于政治文献翻译工作中密不可分的一部分，通过他们，人民可以全面了解到中国的现时国情和发展状况，从而促进国内外的交流与合作。

中国特色词汇指中国语言独有的表达形式，包括一些概念、政治术语、短语和汉语民族文化特色鲜明的词语等。

关于其分类则是众说纷纭，各抒所见。

通过借鉴其他学者的分类和词语间的比较，本文将《2019年政府工作报告》中出现的中国特色词汇分为三类：成语，带数字的词汇和文化负载词。

并根据此分类，对中国特色词汇的翻译进行研究。

成语，是汉文化中一颗璀璨的明珠，是中国传统文化的一大特色，有固定的结构形式和说法，表示一定的意义，在语句中作为整体来应用。

成语在用词方面与当代汉语不同，多代表特定的典故、故事。

要想翻译好政府工作报告中的成语，不仅需要深厚的文化功底，更需要透彻理解成语背后所指的政治、经济、社会内涵。

如“我们要尽力为群众救急解困、雪中送炭，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢。

”一句翻译为“We must do our best to address urgent needs of people in difficulty, provide help when they need it most and ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met.”译者将成语“雪中送炭”翻译为“provide help when they need it”，省略成语本意，采用意译的方法直接翻出隐含意。

2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译6积极稳妥推动城镇化，五年转移农村人口8463万人，城镇化率由45.9%提升到52.6%，城乡结构发生了历史性变化。

We advanced urbanization actively yet prudently. Over the past five years： A total of 84.63 million rural residents migrated to urban areas. The urbanization level rose from 45.9"10 to 52.6%, marking a historic turning point in China's urban-rural population structure.城乡、区域发展的协调性明显增强。

Development between urban and rural areas and between regions became more balanced.三是毫不放松地抓好“三农”工作，巩固和增强农业基础地位。

3. Unremittingly doing our work related to agriculture, rural areas, andfarmers well, and consolidating and strengthening the position ofagriculture as the foundation of the economy我们坚持在工业化、信息化、城镇化深入发展中同步推动农业现代化，集中力量办成了一些关系农业农村长远发展、关系农民切身利益的大事。

We carried out agricultural modernization while deepening industrialization, application of information and communication technologies (leT), and urbanization, and we pooled resources to accomplish a number of major tasks that are important to the long-term development of agriculture and rural areas and to the vital interests of farmers.增大财政投入，中央财政“三农”累计支出4.47万亿元，年均增长23.5%。

政府工作报告常见表达(中英对照)1 依法履职perform one's functions in accordance with the law2 从容应对挑战confidently met all challenges3 奋力攻坚克难strove to overcome difficulties4 实现目标attain the targets5 经济运行稳中向好The economy was stable and improved6 经济效益economic performance7 城镇登记失业率the registered urban unemployment rate8 创历史新高an all-time high9 再上新台阶reach a new high10 城镇居民人均可支配收入The per capita disposable income of urban residents11 农村居民人均纯收入the per capita net income of rural residents12 城乡居民收入差距the urban-rural income gap13 规模以上工业企业industrial enterprises with annual revenue of 20 million yuan or more from their main business operations14 粮食产量Grain output15 增加值value-added16 地区生产总值gross regional product17 主要实物量指标Main real physical indexes18 社会事业Social programs19 载人深潜manned deep-sea dives20 建成创新型国家make the country more innovative21 经济社会发展既有量的扩大，又有质的提升The economy and society developed bothquantitatively and qualitatively22 砥砺前行forge ahead23 工作总基调general work guideline24 稳中求进make progress while maining stability25 统筹稳增长、调结构、促改革maintain stable growth, make structure adjustments and carry out reform in a holistic way26 坚持宏观政策要稳、微观政策要活、社会政策要托底We ensured that the government's macropolicies are stable, micro policies are flexibleand social policies meet people's basic needs.27 采取一系列既利当前、更惠长远的举措we adopted measures with both short-term and long-term benefits in mind28 稳中有为，稳中提质，稳中有进We strove to break new ground, improve quality, and make progress while ensuringstability.29 各项工作实现了良好开局All our work got off to a good start.30 激发市场活力invagorate the market31 内生动力internal driving force to growth32 国内外错综复杂的环境complex international and domestic developments33 深处着力endeavor to resolve deep-seated problems and difficulties34 放开市场这只“看不见的手”，用好政府这只“看得见的手”give full rein to both the invisible hand of themarket and the visible hand of the government35 加快转变职能accelarate the transformation of government functions36 简政放权streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments37 国务院机构改革Reform of State Council bodies38 有序实施be carried out in an orderly maner39 取消和下放了416项行政审批等事项abolish or delegate to lower-level governments 416 items previously subject to State Council review and approval40 分批in batches41 政府核准的投资项目目录the list of investment projects requiring government review and approval42 工商登记制度business registration system43 “营改增”replace business tax with value-added tax (VAT)44 行政事业性收费administrative fees45 为市场松了绑improved the market environment46 为企业添了力invigorate businesses47 新注册企业newly registered businesses48 民间投资private investment49 全面放开贷款利率管制completely lift interest rate controls on loans50 在全国进行中小企业股份转让系统试点。

2019 年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译5新增城市污水日处理水平4600万吨; 单位国内生产总值能耗下降17.2%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量分别下降15.7%和17.5%。

修订环境空气质量标准，增加细颗粒物PM2.5等监测指标。

Moreover, in the past five years ：Daily urban sewage treatment capacity increased by 46 million tons. Energy consumption per unit ofGDP fell by 17.2%. Total chemical oxygen demand fell by 15.7%. Total sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 17.5%. Environmental air quality standards were revised. The air quality index for monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2 s) was added.推动天然林保护、退耕还林、防沙治沙等重点生态工程建设，五年累计完成造林2953 万公顷，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196 万公顷，综合治理水土流失面积24.6 万平方公里，整治国土面积18 万平方公里。

Progress was made in major ecological projects to protect virgin forests, afforest marginal farmland, and prevent and control desertification. Over the past five years Anadditional 29.53 million hectares of land were planted with trees. Desertification was halted on 11.96 million hectares of land. Soil erosion on 246,000 square kilometers of land was brought under control. A total of 180,000 square kilometers of land were improved.深入实施区域发展总体战略，颁布实施全国主体功能区规划，制定西部大开发新十年指导意见和一系列区域发展规划，加快推动西藏、新疆等地区跨越式发展，We implemented the master strategy for regional development, promulgated and implemented the national plan for developing functional zones, formulated new 10-year guidelines for the large-scale development of the western region and a number of regional development plans, and accelerated leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.制定实施新十年农村扶贫开发纲要，将扶贫标准提升到2300 元（2019 年不变价），增强集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚。

2019年英语口译高级：政府工作报告中英翻译（5）对今年政府工作的建议III. Suggestions for the Work of the Government This Year结合过去十年特别是近五年工作的体会，对今年政府主要工作提出以下建议。

Based on an understanding of the work of the past ten years, especially of the past five years, I wish to make the following suggestions for the government's main work this year.(一)加快转变经济发展方式，促动经济持续健康发展。

1. Accelerating the change ofthe growth model and promoting sustained and sound economic development我国社会主义现代化建设取得的一切成就都建立在经济持续健康发展的基础之上，经济不发展，什么事情都办不成。

All the achievements we havemade in China's socialist modernization are attributable to sustained and sound economic development, without which we would have accomplished nothing.我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变，人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这个社会主要矛盾没有变，我国是世界上发展中国家的国际地位没有变，发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键。

China is still in the primary stage of socialism andwill remain so for a long time. This basic national conditionhas not changed; nor has the principal problem in our society, that is, production falls short of the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people, or China's international position as the largest developing country in the world. Development is still the key to solving all our problems.必须坚持以经济建设为中心，聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展。

政府工作报告的英译摘要：随着改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的不断深入，中国在世界政治经济格局中的地位日益提高，成为国际社会关注的焦点。

政府工作报告作为世界了解中国社会形势和政策最重要、最权威媒介，其翻译有着举足轻重的作用，值得我们的研究和探讨。

本文仔细分析了政府工作报告的特点，并以历年报告中的语句及其译文为例，提出相应的翻译策略，希望对其翻译研究有所贡献。

关键词：《政府工作报告》；特点；翻译策略一、引言政论文是一种特殊的文体，通常被使用于正式和严肃的场合，例如：宣言、政府文件、声明、记者招待会上的回答等。

政论文大多主题明确，议论生动，体不诡异，辞不险怪，体现出“意与理胜”的特点［1］。

政府工作报告属于政论文，随着国际交流的不断深入，其翻译的质量也越来越引起人们的广泛关注。

政府工作报告是中华人民共和国政府的一种公文形式，各级政府都必须在每年召开的当地人民代表大会会议和政治协商会议（俗称“两会”）上向大会主席团、与会人大代表和政协委员发布这一报告。

政府工作报告的结构通常分为三部分：回顾并总结上一年的工作情况；归纳当年政府各项工作，汇报这一年的工作计划和目标；政府自身建设。

二、政府工作报告的特点及其翻译策略下面是笔者对《政府工作报告》特点的总结，并以历年的报告中的语句及其译文为例，提出相应的翻译策略。

（一）讲求确切, 逻辑严谨,《政府工作报告》属于政论文，其内容就有很强的客观性，重事实的阐述，语言精确，逻辑性强。

其中常常多数涉及具体数字，必须准确，不得马虎。

事关国家大事，必然要字句斟酌。

例如。

（1）原文：一定要守住全国耕地不少于18亿亩这条红线。

译文：We cannot cross the line and reduce the total amount of farmland in China to less than 120 million hectares.乍一看18亿译为120 million似乎是译者出错了，然而仔细一看，原文是以亩胃计量单位，而译文则是以“hectares”（公顷）胃计量单位，有些读者也许会产生疑问，不就是就是“1.8 billion mu ”吗？为什么必须改成“120 million”？这是因为“亩”是个典型的中国计量单位，在翻译时要将它处理成国际通用的单位“公顷”才能为外国读者所知。

《政府工作报告》英文版读译--砖块积累练习1：1.Ushering in a new phase of China's opening to the outside world and ensuring its high standard performance Opening up and reform have been launched as integral parts of the same initiative as they are mutually reinforcing. We will foster a new open-economy system and advance a new round of opening up to embrace the international market. This will lead to deeper reform and structural adjustment and enable us to enhance China's ability to compete internationally.We will open China wider to the outside world in all areas. We will continue to utilize foreign investment actively and efficiently, open up more service sectors to foreign capital, and level the playing field for domestic and foreign enterprises to compete on fair terms so as to ensure that China remains a top choice for foreign investment. We will ensure the successful building and management of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone so that this model can be copied and extended, and we will launch a number of new trials. We will open China's inland and border areas wider to the outside world, and turn these broad areas into hot-spotsfor opening up.We will make it a strategic priority to upgrade exports and promote balanced growth of foreign trade. Total imports and exports are projected to grow at around 7.5% this year. We will keep export policies stable and improve them, accelerate reform to facilitate customs clearance, and extend trials of cross-border e-commerce. We will implement policies to encourage imports, and import more products in short supply in China. We will guide the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, support businesses in creating Chinese brands and developing international marketing networks, develop service trade and undertake services outsourced by other countries, and raise the position of Chinese manufacturing in the global division of labor. We will encourage the export of complete sets of large equipment including telecommunications equipment, railways equipment, and power stations, and enhance the international reputation of Chinese equipment.We will increase China's competitiveness through expanding its overseas business presence. We will carry out reform of the management of outbound investment so that such investment is mainly reported for the record, and delegate much of thereview and approval power over such investment to lower-level governments. We will provide better financial, legal and consular services, ensure orderly overseas business operations, and boost the export of products, project contracting and labor services. We will intensify the planning and building of a Silk Road economic belt and a 21st century maritime Silk Road, and promote the building of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. By launching a number of major projects, we will speed up infrastructure connectivity with our neighbors, and open up new space for enhancing international economic and technological cooperation.We will engage in bilateral, multilateral and regional opening up and cooperation in a coordinated way. We will strive to make progress in negotiations on agreements concerning trade in services, government procurement and information technology, and speed up negotiations on new areas such as environmental protection and e-commerce. We will actively participate in developing high-standard free trade areas; continue negotiations on investment agreements with the United States and the European Union, and accelerate free trade area negotiations with the Republic of Korea, Australia,and the Gulf Cooperation Council. We will continue to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, strive for mutual benefit with other countries, and ensure that opening up reinforces and is reinforced by reform and development.2.Using innovation to support and lead economic structural improvement and upgradingInnovation is the motive force for adjusting and upgrading the economic structure. We need to make innovation the core of China's development endeavors, promote the full integration of science and technology with economic and social development, and elevate China's industries to the high range of the global value chain.We will accelerate reform of the science and technology management system. We will strengthen the leading role businesses play in making technological innovation, encourage enterprises to set up research institutes, take the lead in establishing industry-academia-research collaboration in making innovation, and comprehensively implement preferential policies such as extra deductions for businesses'R&D expenses. More science parks and scientific and educational institutions will be covered by the trial reform policy that gives national innovation demonstration zones equity-based incentives for making innovation and the right to transfer and profit from their scientific and technological advances.We will increase government spending on basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, technologies for the public good and key standard technologies, and we will improve public science and technology service platforms and the mechanism for launching major science and technology programs. We will improve and strengthen the management of research projects and their funding, introduce the system of national innovation surveying and science and technology reporting, and encourage researchers and engineers to set up businesses. The protection and use of intellectual property rights will be strengthened. We will work to propagate scientific knowledge and foster a scientific spirit. We will fully implement the talent development plan, coordinate major programs for nurturing and attracting talent, and encourage the establishment of a mechanism to link researchers' pay with the market value of their research so that researchers'contributions are matched by their rewards. This will enable outstanding individuals of various types to come forth in large numbers, and their talent will be fully unleashed.In making industrial structural adjustment, we will rely on reform and support growth in some sectors while curbing excess and outdated production capacity in others. We will support growth more vigorously. We will give high priority to developing production-oriented service industries, and carry out pilot and demonstration projects to advance the comprehensive reform of the service industry. We will integrate the development of cultural and creative industries as well as design services with related industries, and speed up the development of insurance, business, and science and technology services. We will promote full integration of IT application with industrialization, encourage businesses to accelerate technological upgrading, make management more precise, improve the policy for accelerating equipment depreciation, and make traditional industries more competitive. We will build a platform for supporting business start-ups and innovation in emerging industries. We will strive to catch up with and overtake advanced countries in areas of new-generation mobile communications, integrated circuits,big data, advanced manufacturing, new energy and new materials, and to guide the development of emerging industries.We will curb excess and outdated production capacity in a more proactive and orderly manner. We will let market competition determine which businesses survive, and encourage business acquisitions and reorganizations. In industries with severe overcapacity, we will strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, and technology standards; abolish preferential policies; absorb some excess production capacity and strictly control increases in production capacity. This year, we will reduce outdated production capacity of 27 million metric tons of steel, 42 million metric tons of cement and 35 million standard containers of plate glass. We will ensure that the target for reducing outdated production capacity set in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is met one year ahead of schedule, and make sure that these reductions are permanent and such production capacity does not increase again.3.Boosting the development of social programs is an effective way to promote social justice and increase people's happiness.We need to deepen reform of the social system and promote coordinated economic and social development by increasing spending and adopting stronger measures.We will give high priority to developing education and making it more equitable. We will continue to allocate more education resources to the central and western regions and rural areas and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will comprehensively improve conditions in poorly built and run schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. The number of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities will again be increased by more than 10%, and this will give rural children more opportunity to receive higher education. We will raise the competence of rural teachers, especially in poor and border areas, expand the reach of quality education resources and improve the nutrition of children in poor rural areas.We will develop preschool education and implement the plan to improve special education. We will continue to increase central government spending on education, use it more effectively and strengthen oversight over its use. We will deepen comprehensive education reform and actively andprudently reform the school examination and enrollment systems. We will expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, give institutions of higher learning more decision-making power, and encourage the development of private schools. We will accelerate the establishment of an employment-oriented modern vocational education system. We will provide quality education to the next generation and work hard to ensure that all children have an equal opportunity to develop.We will deepen medical reform. We will consolidate the national basic medical insurance system and integrate the basic medical insurance system for rural residents with that for non-working urban residents through reform. We will improve the mechanism for the government, employer and employee to share the costs of basic medical insurance. The annual government subsidy for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased to 320 yuan per person. The major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents will be introduced nationwide. We will strengthen urban and rural medical assistance and emergency assistance for disease treatment. Trial comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals will beextended to cover 1,000 counties and 500 million rural residents.We will expand trial comprehensive reforms of urban public hospitals. We will abolish the practice of compensating for low medical service charges with high drug prices, adjust the prices of medical care and drugs, and create a mechanism for running hospitals by nongovernmental capital. We will consolidate and improve the system of using basic medicines and the new mechanisms for operating community-level clinics. We will improve the system of tiered medical services, strengthen training of general practitioners, and allow doctors to work in more than one medical institution so that people have easy access to quality medical services. We will build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.We will improve our capacity to prevent and treat major communicable and chronic diseases and occupational and endemic diseases. The government subsidy for basic public health services will be increased to 35 yuan per person. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly adhere to the basic state policy of family planning and will implement the policy that allows marriedcouples to have two children if one parent is a single child. We must resolutely press ahead with medical reform and work out a Chinese solution to this global problem so that the Chinese people can enjoy a happier and healthier life.Culture is the lifeblood of a nation. We should foster and practice core socialist values, strengthen civic morality, and advance cultural and ethical progress. We will continue to deepen reform of the cultural sector, improve policies pertaining to the cultural economy, and enhance China's overall cultural strength and competitiveness. We will deliver basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way. We will develop culture and arts, the press and publishing, and radio, television and film, and run archives well. We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences. We will encourage the people to read.We will enhance the development of cultural industries and foster a well-regulated market for cultural goods. We will carry forward China's cultural traditions and work to protect cultural relics. We will accelerate the spread of Chinese culture overseas, develop cultural trade, strengthen our international broadcasting capabilities, and enhance China's cultural soft power. We will develop fitness activities for everyone,competitive sports and the sports sector. China has an ancient civilization with a long history, and it can certainly develop a strong modern culture.We will promote innovation in social governance. We will focus on law-based governance and involve all parties in social governance. We will make village and community affairs transparent and strengthen democratic oversight over their management, and get social organizations to play a bigger role in delivering public services and exercising social governance. We will strengthen emergency management, and become better able to ensure public safety, prevent and mitigate disasters and provide disaster relief. We will do our work related to earthquake, meteorology, surveying and mapping well. We will reform the system of handling public complaints made in the form of letters and visits and promptly resolve social problems as they arise. Administrative review will be strengthened. We will strengthen education in the general knowledge of law and increase legal aid.We will strengthen comprehensive maintenance of public order, crack down hard on violent crimes of terrorism, safeguard China's national security, create good public order, and work together to ensure public security in China.。