【人教版】2020高考英语名词性从句—宾语从句(含解析)
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高中英语名词性从句知识讲解以及练习题附答案一、名词性从句概述名词性从句是一种充当名词作用的从句,通常在主句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
它通常由引导词(如that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which, what等)引导,并且从句中含有一个主语和谓语。
名词性从句的种类有很多,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
下面我们将逐一介绍这些从句。
二、主语从句主语从句作为一个名词,通常位于句首,是一个句子,主要作用是作为主句的主语。
引导主语从句的词:What (什么);Whether (是否);If (是否);That (那个)。
例句:What he said is true. (他说的是真的。
)Whether it will rain tomorrow is uncertain. (明天是否会下雨还不确定。
)If you go, I will go too. (如果你走,我也跟着走。
)That he is coming is good news. (他来的消息是好消息。
)注意:主语从句的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。
What引导的主语从句通常用来表示“事物”的概念。
三、宾语从句宾语从句是一个名词,通常位于主句的动词后面,作为主句的宾语。
它可以由常见的宾语从句引导词引导,例如whether, if, that, who, whom, whose, what, when, where, how等。
引导宾语从句的词:Whether (是否);If (是否);That (那个);Who (谁);Whom (谁);Whose (谁的);What (什么);When (何时);Where (何处);How (如何)。
例句:I know that he is coming. (我知道他要来。
)I wonder if he is telling the truth. (我想知道他是否说了真话。
解密09名词性从句【命题解读】1.了解名词性从句的基本用法,掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用,辨析that与what,if 与whether等引导词的用法。
2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法,及其与强调句的区别。
3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。
【命题预测】预计今后高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构,而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】1. 掌握宾语从句的用法;2. 了解同位语从句的用法;3. 掌握表语从句的用法;4. 掌握主语从句的用法;5. 如何正确选择引导词。
主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。
其特点有:(1)引导词:从属连词that, whether;连接代词who, what, which;whoever, whatever, whichever;连接副词when, where, how和why。
(2)语序:陈述句语序(3)在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用ifThat he will win the match is certain.It is certain that he will win the match.1. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子保持平衡,避免"头重脚轻",常用it 作形式主语,从而把主语从句放后面。
常以it作形式主语的句型有:①It is+形容词+that...☞It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
②It is+名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,common knowledge,a surprise,a fact,etc.)+that...☞It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。
名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
(二)主语从句1.主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not important.2.that引导主语从句时,不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.3.用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。
It+系动词+形容词+that从句. necessary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,clear...It+系动词+名词+that从句. a pity, a shame, a fact,no wonder...It+be +动词ed+that从句. said,told,reported,suggested,considered....It+特殊动词+that从句. seem,turn out,appear,matter...e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.4.whether引导的主语从句可放句首,而if引导的主语从句不能放句首,只能放句末。
Whether the worked can be completed on time is doubtful.It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed.(三)表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。
e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.3.一般不用if引导表语从句,用whether.The question is whether we can reduce the cost of the product.4.其他连接词:as if ,as though,because,as,like.It sounds as if/though he has been really ill.5. 主语为reason:表语从句中的连接词要用that,不用why.The reason why he was unhappy is that he has lost his keys.6.表语从句中的虚拟语气.(四)宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
2020全国高考汇编之名词性从句一(2020北京卷)30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why【考点】考察名词性从句【答案】B【解析】本题属于名词性从句中的表语从句。
句意:对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他射门得分的时候。
Where表示地点,how表示方式,why结果;只有when表示的是时间。
故B正确。
【试题延伸】表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。
说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。
解答这类题目,关键在于分析清楚句子结构。
通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义,来选择正确的引导词。
连接表语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether,和疑问词(what how where when ...)。
that引导表示陈述句的表语从句,if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”,引导一般疑问句。
连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述。
连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.【举一反三】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】D【考点】考查表语从句。
【解析】句义:我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家,那就是他一事无成的原因。
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句与宾语从句的区别名词性从句和宾语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句类型。
虽然它们都是从句,但在使用和功能上有一些区别。
本文将从几个方面介绍名词性从句和宾语从句的区别。
一、定义与功能名词性从句是在一个句子中充当名词的从句,它可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。
名词性从句具有引导词,如that, whether, who, what, which等。
宾语从句是在一个句子中作宾语的从句,它通常由动词表示的动作或者状态所需的内容构成,相当于一个名词。
二、引导词的不同名词性从句和宾语从句在引导词上有所不同。
1. 名词性从句的引导词包括that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which等.例如:- I think that he is a good student.(that引导名词性从句)- I don't know whether he will come or not. (whether引导名词性从句)- She is the one who helped me yesterday.(who引导名词性从句)2. 宾语从句的引导词通常是连接代词that, whether等,以及疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which等。
例如:- I heard that he is a good student. (that引导宾语从句)- I wonder whether he will come or not.(whether引导宾语从句)- Do you know who helped me yesterday?(who引导宾语从句)三、位置和用法名词性从句和宾语从句在使用上也有一些区别。
1. 名词性从句可以出现在句子中的任何位置,而宾语从句通常出现在及物动词的宾语位置。
例如:- I know that he is a good student. (名词性从句作宾语)- He told me that he is a good student.(名词性从句作间接宾语)- I wonder whether he will come or not.(宾语从句)2. 名词性从句可以通过改变词性来转换成宾语从句。
专题9 名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。
考查的要点主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用,主语、谓语的语序,双重连接词以及特殊句型的使用等。
其考点主要包括:1.考查名词性从句的连接词。
如:有词义的连接代词who, whose, whom, what, which; 连接副词when, where, why, how; 从属连词that, whether, if, as if; 无词义的that在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略。
2.考查名词性从句的语序和时态。
3.考查it作形式主语、形式宾语的情况。
如:(1)It+be+形容词(necessary, important, obvious等)+that从句.(2)It+be+过去分词+that从句.(3)It+be+名词(a surprise, a fact, a shame, an honour等)+that从句.(4)It+不及物动词(appear, happen等)+that从句.4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气。
如:(1)It is (was)+essential (important, natural…) +that…;(2)It is (was) suggested (demanded, wished, desired…)that…等。
5.what引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。
如:what=the thing that/anything that…;what=the place that…;what=the time th at…;what=the person that…等。
6.whoever,whatever,whichever引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。
一、几种易混的从句的辨别定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句有时候在形式上很相似,下面提供一些区分的方法:1.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系;而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容的。
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析08名词性从句(一)名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句四种。
名词性从句是历年高考必考内容,重点考查连接词的选择,其次还考查名词性从句的语序、语气、时态以及名词性从句的后置等。
考点一连接词的选择连接词的选择是考查的重点。
名词性从句连接词的选择可从连接词在从句中的作用(即成分)和意义两个方面入手:一是连接词在从句中作不作成分,如果作成分,是什么成分;二是连接词在从句中有无意义,如有意义,是何意义。
具体见下表:whose/how many/how much1.that引导名词性从句that引导名词性从句时,在从句中不作成分,也没有任何意义。
1. Scientists have obtained more evidence __________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. (2019江苏)A. whatB. thatC. whichD. where【答案】B【解析】这是一个复合句。
连词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that。
2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is __________ one can be entirely free from dust.(2016北京)A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why【答案】B【解析】这是一个复合句。
连接词引导表语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。
句意:雨季最惬意的事情就是人们可以远离尘土。
3. The manager put forward a suggestion _________ we should have an assistant. There is toomuch work to do. (2016天津)A. whetherB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】这是一个复合句。
高考英语笔记——宾语从句(附例题解析)一、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh-疑问词引导)。
引导宾语从句的连词有that,if,whether;连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词when,where,how,why。
从句引导词的使用:1. 连词that(引导从句,但是在从句中不作成分,that常可省略)☛He knows that Jim will work hard. 他知道吉姆会努力工作的。
2. 连词if, whether(表示"是否",引导从句,但是在从句中不作成分)【特别提醒】whether和if都有"是否"的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后、不定式之前、与or not连用、在句首或在引导表语从句同位语从句时,只能用whether。
☛I want to know if/whether the news is true. 我想知道这个消息是不是真的。
☛He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. 他不知道改不该留下来。
【名师点睛】动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用that 作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用 that。
☛Do you doubt that he will win? 你怀疑他会赢吗?☛I don’t doubt that your proposition is wrong. 我不怀疑你的提议是错的。
☛He doubts whether/if I know it. 他怀疑我是否知道这件事。
3. 连接代词who, whom, which等☛Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗?☛Do you know which dress fits her best? 你知道哪件连衣裙最适合她吗?4. 连接副词when, where, how, why☛Could you tell me how we can get to the station? 你能告诉我我们怎样才能去车站吗?学习宾语从句要把握三个要点:连接词、语序和时态。
2020高考英语名词性从句考点解读1.[2018 •全国卷H] I m not sure is more frightened , me or the female gorilla (大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.2.[2016 •浙江卷自选模块] Recently, I asked her gave her the confidence to keep challenging the status quo(现状).3.[2016 •全国卷曲文改错] My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.4.[2016 •全国卷则文改错] The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.5.[2016 • d匕京卷变式] Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.考点一that引导的名词性从句规则that引导的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句连词that在引导名词性从句日本身没有意义,在从句中不担任任何句子成分,但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。
在宾语从句中有时可省略。
①As I searched the name Linda on the Internet ,it became evident that there re two with the same name who look completely different.当我在网上搜索Linda这个名字的时候,很显然有两个看着完全不同但姓名相同的人。
(主语从句)②I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.我发现我们有必要花更多时间练习英语口语。
高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子,功能相当于名词词组。
名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中,作主语的句子称为主语从句。
常见的连接词:(连接词在句中不能省略)that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。
【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整,不缺成分,用that引导,that 不能省连接词whether,if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首,也可放句中,表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever,whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when,where,why,how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻,通常把形式主语it放在句首,真正的主语放在句子后面。
常见句型:(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +(a pity / a shame / a fact …)+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +(true / clear / important …)+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中,作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。
宾语从句李仕才一、单选题1.Before our study we did not have data that could tell us __ those changes were small or large .A. thatB. howC. whenD. whether2.Sorry I'm so late, but you cannot imagine great trouble I took to find your house.A. whichB. howC. whatD. that3.The poor young man is ready to accept ______help he can get.A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whenever4.How long do you think the Microsoft brings out a new product?A. it will be beforeB. will it beuntil C. will it be when D. it will bethat5.Captain John Smith was among the first to settle in ______ is called New England now.A. whichB. whatC. the placewhere D. where6.People who can see with their eyes can't understand practical use Braille can be offor the blind.A. whatB. howC. thatD. whether7.—Could you check my list to see I have forgotten anything?—No problem.A. whetherB. whichC. thatD. what8.“I did not know _______ tears were, for I lived in the Palace of Sans-Souci, _______ sorrow is not allowed to enter”, said the Happy Prince.A. what; whenB. what;where C. how;where D. that; when9.We don't know they did it.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. how10.Where do you think _____ the school uniform?A. Tom putB. did Tomput C. that did Tomput D. that Tom put11.The old lady's hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ______ this shaking had begun halfa year before, and ______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.A. when;howB. how;whenC. how;howD. why;why12.As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ____ he can react more appropriately on such occasion.A. whatB. howC. whichD. when13.One of the men held the view _______ the book said was right.A. that whatB. whatthat C. thatD. whether14.I really doubt _____ he would ask her to marry him in public.A. thatB. whetherC. howD. that if15.—What did the leaders attending the Belt and Road Forum talk about?— They talked about ______.A. they felt what they could doB. what theyfelt they could doC. what they felt that they could doD. what they could feelthey do16.It was not until dark ___ he was aware of ___ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.A. when; whatB. that;that C. that;what D. when; that17.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.A. whereB. howC. whatD. which18.He asked, “How are you getting along?” → He asked ______.A. how am I gettingalong B. how are you gettingalongC. how I was gettingalong D. how was I gettingalong19.Anyone has a dog as a pet will tell you a dog means to a family.A. which; whatB. who;why C. who;what D. which; why20.My family think they know a lot about me but I turn out to be a little different from_______ theythink.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. how21.We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever22.We must find out ________ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A. howB. whyC. whenD. where23.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whateverB. whenever.C. whereverD. however24.Hearing the son paid little attention to the marriage and _________ he remained _________with hiswork, the mother was quite anxious if he could find a girlfriend.A. /, occupiedB. that, to be occupiedC. /, to beoccupied D. that, occupied25.Eat _______ cake you like and leave the other for _______ comes late.A. any; whoB. whichever; whoC. whatever;whoever D. either; whoever26.The manager requested that the task ________by five o'clock without delay.A. must be finishedB. would befinished C. was finished D. be finished二、语法填空27.“Did you ask your boss for a pay increase?” she asked her husban d.(间接引语) She asked her husband ________ he had asked his boss for a pay increase.28.They are working together to make ________ they think is the best product.29.语法填空Xiao Lei flew to London six months ago to study for a business qualification and it was the firsttime that she________ (leave) her motherland. Her preparation course is helping her to get used________ the academic ________(require) of a Western university.Her tutor told her not to write ________other people had said without acknowledging them and thatshe should read________(difference) texts that contain various opinions and give her own. She had tolearn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare and how to ask ________ shopkeeper for things she didn'tknow the English for.________ (live) with a host family________she says, gives her chances to adjust to the new environment quickly. Besides, she has learnt a bit ________ (much) to balance her study and life. Wewish her all the best and seek for a job ________ (success) after graduation.30.I was deeply touched and inspired by ________ he said.31.They asked me, “When did you finish your homework?” (变为间接引语) They asked me ________ Ihad finished my homework.答案解析部分一、单选题1.【答案】D【考点】宾语从句的连接词【解析】【分析】句意:在我们研究之前,我们没有数据可以告诉我们这些改变的大小。