定语从句的概念
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定语从句的概念 Revised by Petrel at 2021一、定语从句的概念在复合句中做定语,修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面,由关系词引导。
定语从句的结构是:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括(that,which,who,whom,whose)等,关系副词包括(where,when,why)等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
(主语和宾语等)Eg:1.Doyouknowtheboythat/who isfromJapan. (主语)2.Idon’tlikethebookthat/whichisboring.(主语)3.Idon’tknowthetimewhenwewillstart. (状语)三、学习关系代词that,who,which,whose 的用法1.Doyouknowtheboythat/whoisfromJapan.(主语)2.theman(that/who)Italkedwith justnowismyteacher.(宾语)3.Idon’tlikethebook(that/which) isboring.(主语)4.Thebike(that/which)Iborrowedyesterday isKangkang’s.(宾语)5.Ihaveapenwhosecolorisblack. (定语)6.Ikno wtheboywhosefatherisateacher.(定语)练习Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空。
1.Thething______youmustdoistohaveameal.2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewes t.3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhe lpfromtheirfriends.4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.5.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow四、关系代词只能用that的情况:1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that.例如:Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that 作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which)we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。
例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
什么叫定语从句什么叫定语从句导语:以下是店铺精心为大家整理的有关定语从句的概念与用法,希望对大家有所帮助,欢迎阅读。
定语从句概念定语从句在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who,whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分关系代词的用法:1. that 和whichthat指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that) I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用thatHere is all the money (that) I have.6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的'词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导Is it the one(that)you want?8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
英语基础语法——定语从句■有关定语从句的概念(1)定语从句:就是在复合句里充当定语的从句,它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。
(2)先行词:就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
(3)关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that等;关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词不仅起连接作用,而且还代表先行词并在定语从句中担任某一句子成分,关系代词作主语、宾语、定语、表语等,关系副词作状语。
如:This is the book that my father bought me yesterday. 这就是我父亲昨天帮我买的那本书。
说明:句中修饰the book的that my father bought me yesterday就是定语从句;被定语从句所修饰的the book这是先行词;代表the book的关系代词that在定语从句中作bought的直接宾语。
The time when he arrives is not known. 他到达的时间还不知道。
说明:句中when he arrives是定语从句,被定语从句修饰的the time是先行词,关系副词when作时间状语。
■关系代词的一般用法先行词是人,在从句中作主语用who,作宾语用whom或who,作定语用whose;先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which,作定语用of which或whose均可。
在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。
关系代词作宾语时常被省略。
This is the man who helped me yesterday. 这就是昨天帮助我的那个人。
(作主语)The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming. 你要见的老师来了。
(作see的宾语,可以省略)I met a boy whose father was a astronaut. 我认识一位男孩,他的父亲是宇航员。
定语从句的概念及用法是什么定语从句的概念及用法是什么关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
下面是店铺给大家整理的定语从句的概念及用法简介,希望能帮到大家!定语从句的概念定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
定语从句用法在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的.有关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中,who用作主语,如:This is the boy who often helps me.2.由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中,whose用作定语,如:Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4.由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语,如:The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.注意:(1)whom,which用作介词宾语时,介词可放在whom、which之前,也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。
定语从句语法总结介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。
以下是为大家整理分享的定语从句语法总结。
定语从句语法总结一.几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
(1)关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as(2)关系副词:when/where/why5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
6.引导词的功能(作用):(1)连接先行词和定语从句。
(2)在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型:(1)限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。
例如:The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.(2)非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
英语语法讲解之定语从句一、几个基本概念1.定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/which/whom/whose﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why﹙3﹚引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
﹙4﹚引导词的功能(作用):①连接先行词和定语从句。
②在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。
5.定语从句的类型:﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句Eg.The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导Eg.The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.=I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.=介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在相关动词之后。
例如:The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.※﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。
在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。
二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。
例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。
例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。
)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。
关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。
从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。
定语从句的含义定语从句的含义想要学好定语从句,需要了解定语从句的含义,你对定语从句掌握了多少呢。
以下是店铺为大家整理的定语从句的含义,仅供参考,希望能够帮助大家。
一、定语从句的概念定语从句是指在复合句中,修饰限定某一名词或代词的从句。
例如:You must buy me the house which is near Xiangshan.上面例句中的the house就是后面定语从句所修饰或限定的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
二、关系词(连接词)引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词:that, which, who (宾格whom, 所有格whose) 和关系副词where, when, why。
关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时还做定语从句的一个成分。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有that、which、who、whom、whose,其中whom引导的是宾格,whose引导的是所有格。
2.that与which的用法区分1)只能用that,不能用which作为定语从句关系代词的情况a)当先行词由不定代词anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等代替时,关系代词只能用that而不能用which 。
例如:There is nothing that I can dob)先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时例如:The last place that I visited was the hospital.c)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级。
例如:This is the first composition that he has written in English.d)先行词既有人,又有物时例如:He talked about the teachers and schools that he hadvisited.2)只用which不用that的情况a)引导非限定性定语从句时例如:The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b)介词后用which例如:We depend on the land from which we get our food.3.关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的`名词,在从句中作状语。
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中做定语,修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面,由关系词引导。
定语从句的结构是:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括(that,which,w ho,whom,whose)等,关系副词包括(wh ere,when,why)等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
(主语和宾语等)
Eg:1.Doyouknowtheboythat/who isfromJapan. (主语)
2.Idon’tlikethebookthat/whichisboring.(主语)
3.Idon’tknowthetimewhenwewillstart. (状语)
三、学习关系代词that,who,which,whose 的用法
1.Do
youk
nowt
hebo
ythat
/who
isfro
mJap
an.
(主语)
2.theman(that/who)Italkedwith justnowismyteacher.(宾语)
3.Idon’tlikethebook(that/which) isboring.(主语)
4.Thebike(that/which)Iborrowedyesterd
ay isKangkang’s.(宾语)
5.Ihaveapenwhosecolorisblack. (定语)
6.Ikno wtheboywhosefatherisateacher.(定语)
练习
Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空。
1.Thething______youmustdoistohaveameal.
2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewes t.
3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhe lpfromtheirfriends.
4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
5.Didn’t youseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow?
四、关系代词只能用that的情况:
1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that.
例如:Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
2.当先行词为all,any,much,everything,anything,none等不定代词时,只能用that.
例如:Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyi ntheshop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
3.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thel ast等词修饰时,只能用that.
例如:ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
4.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that.
例如:Icanrememberwellthepersons
andsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
5.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.
例如:Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
单项填空。
()1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfathe r?
-Yes,he’sourheadmaster.
A.he
B.who
C.which
D.whom
()2.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.it
()3.Canyoulendmethedictionary______
lastweek?
A.thatyoubought
B.youboughtit
C.thatyouboughtit
D.whichyouboughtit
()4.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.
A.whichagrees
B.whoagree
C.thatagrees
D.whichagree
()5.theonlything______Icandoforhimisgivehimsome help.
A.that
B.it
C.which
D.who
()6.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate
A.who’s
B.whose
C.that
D.ofwhich.
()7.Thegirl______isreadingunderthe
tree_____mysister.
A.which;is
B.whom;was
C.who;is
D.who;was
()9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.
A.that
B.which
C.where
D.who
宾语从句与定语从句的区别
宾语从句的引导词有that,if/whether以及疑问词代词what,which,who,whose,和疑问副词how,when,wher e,why.
学习宾语从句要注意的是引导词,语序,时态(主是现在时,从句可以是任何时态,而主句是过去时,从句则用相应的过去时。
)
定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词有:where,when,why
学习定语从句注意的是先行词,关系词的选择,关系词在从句中做主语,宾语,表语的句子成分。