2015年职称英语考试考前模拟试题(综合类B级阅读判断)

Plants and MankindBotany，the study of plants，occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge.We don't know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants，but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist，a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.This is logical.Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things，even for other plants.They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people，not only for food，but also for clothing，weapons，tools，dyes，medicines shelter，and many other purposes.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each.To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge"at all.Unfortunately，the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants，and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows.Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge，and few people will fail to recognize a rose，an apple，or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors，living in the Middle East about 10，000years ago，discovered that certain grasses could beharvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season，the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture：cultivated crops.From then on，humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants，rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.16.It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.People cannot survive without plants.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrializationA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.Today people usually acquire a large amount ofbotanical knowledge from textbooks.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about10，000year ago.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.Once mankind began farming，they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【参考答案】16.A17.A18.B19.B20.B21.A 22.BDyslexiaAs many as20%of all children in the United Stated suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia.Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way.One of the world’s great thinkers and scientists Albert Einstein was dyslexic.Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do.He said that he thought in pictures instead.The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexic.Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than80years ago.Many yearspassed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled.The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different.In most people, the left side of the brain-the part that controls language-is larger than the right side.In persons with dyslexia,the right side of the brain is bigger.Doctors are not sure what causes this difference.However,research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females,and it is found more often in persons who are left-handed.No one knows the cause of dyslexia,but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a baby’s body long before it is born.They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia.Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help.After they have solved their problems with language,they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.1.One out of five American children suffers from dyslexia.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2.Many great thinkers and scientists in the world are dyslexic.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3.The first cases of dyslexia in Europe were discovered less than a century ago.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4.The left side of the brain in a dyslexic person is bigger than the right side.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned5.Generally speaking,dyslexia is more common in left-handed males than in right-handed females.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6.It is believed that dyslexia is related to the bad habits of a baby’s mother.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7.Dyslexic people often turn out to be intelligent or creative once they have learned to handle language properly.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned答案:ACABACAPlants and MankindBotany，the study of plants，occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge.We don't know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants，but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist，a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.This is logical.Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things，even for other plants.They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people，not only for food，but also for clothing，weapons，tools，dyes，medicines shelter，and many other purposes.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each.To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge"at all.Unfortunately，the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact withplants，and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge，and few people will fail to recognize a rose，an apple，or an orchid.When our Neolithic ancestors，living in the Middle East about10，000years ago，discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season，the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture：cultivated crops.From then on，humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants，rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.16.It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.People cannot survive without plants.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrializationA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about10，000year ago.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.Once mankind began farming，they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【参考答案】16.A17.A18.B19.B20.B21.A 22.BThanks giving with the WatsonsPeople came to America from every country in the world and brought the traditions of their ancestors with them.Thus,most American traditions are not really American.But Thanksgiving (感恩节)is different because it started in America.So it is a truly American tradition.Life provides many good and bad things.Every year,in November,Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful.On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Jesse has decided to spend Thanksgiving with David and Elizabeth Watson because he likes them,and because he cannot go to his parents'home in Chicago.Elizabeth's nickname(昵称)is Betty,and people usually call her that.She is the secretary of Jesse's boss.Jesse got to know the Watsons two years ago and he and Dave have become good friends.Sometimes they go fishing or to a ball game together.The Watsons live in a small apartment in a suburb of New York City.The offices where Betty works are in downtown New York,and she has to take a bus and two subway trains to go to work every day.It takes her about one hour to get there.She finds the trip boring and tiring.She wants to stay home in order to take care of the family and enjoy the children.The Watsons have three children.Their daughter Sue is in the fourth grade and their son Paul is in the second grade.They also have a two-year-old daughter,Ann.The children like Jesse;he is their hero.He tells them stories about foreign countries,about Africa and China,aboutthe Pacific and Japan;he has never even seen most of these countries.He knows about fast cars and new inventions.The Watson children think that Jesse is full of adventures;he is fascinating to them.Frequently he takes them to the park and joins them in their games.Today Jesse brought Sue a record of her favorite music, because she has a new record player.He also brought Paul a toy truck and Ann a plastic(塑料)book with bright pictures,and Betty a bunch of flowers.Betty cooked a nice turkey,and they all ate too much.After dinner the children wanted to go out to the park with Jesse.But they had to stay home,because it was ter,Dave and Jesse sat down in front of the TV to watch a football game.16Thanksgiving is not a truly American traditionA RightB WrongC Not mentioned17Thanksgiving Day falls on the4th Thursday in November.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving DayA RightB WrongC Not mentioned19Jesse and his boss are good friends.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20Elizabeth enjoys going to work in downtown New YorkA RightB WrongC Not mentioned21The children like Jesse because he once traveled around the worldA RightB WrongC Not mentioned22Jesse had a good time in his friends'homeA RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】16.B17.C18.A19.C20.B21.B22. AHer culesOnce upon a time there was a great Greek hero,Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen.On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow (弓).He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.Hercules served a king.The king was afraid of him.So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks.One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens(歌女).But no one knew where the garden was.So Hercules went away.He walked the whole day and the next day and the next.He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning.One of the mountains wasin the shape of a man,with long,long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head.He was holding up the sky.Hercules knew it was Atlas,the Mountain God.So he asked him for help.Atlas answered,"My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?"Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky.Soon the sky grew very heavy.When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples,he said,"Well,you are going to carry the mountain for ever.I'm going to see the king with the apples." Hercules knew that he couldn't fight him because of the sky on his back.So he shouted:"Just one minute's help.My shoulders are hurting.Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion(垫子)for my shoulders."Atlas believed him.He threw down the apples and held up the sky.Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.16Hercules was the tallest man in the world.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17Hercules worked in the king's garden.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the kingwanted to get rid of him.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20Atlas ran faster than Hercules.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】16.A17.C18.A19.A20.C21.B22. B。

第1部分：词汇选项(第三1～15题，第题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1It is ridiculous to dispute about such things.A foolishB shockingC frighteningD amusing2It was obvious that she was not going home.A evidentB necessaryC possibleD probable3He replied that this was absolutely impossible.A statedB answeredC saidD claimed4He confesses that he has done it.A agreesB allegesC admitsD answers5He lacked the strength to deal with all these problems.A think ofB talk aboutC copy downD cope with6He purchased a ticket and went up on the top deck.A boughtB tookC showedD made7Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank.A writtenB changedC movedD reported8He looks like a crazy man.A lazyB patientC madD happy9We cannot permit such conduct.A movementB wordsC principleD behavior10She started to clean the kitchen.A stoppedB beganC continuedD kept11John talked over the new job offer with his wife.A discussedB mentionedC acceptedD rejected12I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car.A normallyB continuouslyC seldomD usually13We explored the possibility of closer trade links at the conference.A rejectedB investigatedC proposedD postponed14He often finds fault with my work.A criticizesB praisesC evaluatesD talks about15They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.A completeB determineC untieD solve第2部分。

第⼀部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分) 下⾯每个句⼦中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. All the walls in the building had the same layout. A. size B. function C. color D. arrangment 答案：D 2. The storm caused severe damage. A. physical B. accidental C. serious D. enviromental 答案：C 3. The walls are made of hollow concret blocks. A. big B. empty C. long D. new 答案：B 4. Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded. A. offer B. provide C. modernize D. fund 答案：C 5. Do we have to wear these name tags? A. lists B. forms C. lables D. codes 答案：C 6. Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted”Joe,Joe,Joe” A. repeated B. jumped 答案：A 7. He inspired many young people to take up sports. A. encouraged B. allowed C. called D. advised 答案：A 8. The city center was wiped out by the bomb. A. covered B. reduced C. destroyed D. moved 答案：C 9. Most baby can take in a wide range of food easily. A. bring B. digest C. keep D. serve 答案：B 10. A larg crowd assembled outside the American embassy. A. watched B. shouted C. gathered D. walked 答案：C 11. The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. A. fresh B. hot C. heavy D. windy 答案：A 12. What puzzles me is why his books are so popular. A. shocks D. concerns 答案：C 13. I think $7 a drink is a bit steep, don’t you? A. tight B. low C. cheap D. high 答案：D 14. The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious. A. need B. hate C. love D. pity 答案：D 15. Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. A. slightly B. partly C. faintly D. completely 答案：D 第⼆部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分) 下⾯的短⽂后列出了7个句⼦，请根据短⽂的内容对每个句⼦做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息⽂中没有提及，请选择C。

2015职称英语综合类B真题及答案(完整版)第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. brave D .sensible2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. acceptB. controlC. observeD. regulate3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limit B. fear C. power D. fool4. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. destinyD. refusal5. She's extremely competent and industrious.A. hardworkingB. honestC. objectiveD. independent6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish7. He tried to assemble his thoughts.A. clearB. shareC. gatherD. spare8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. messageB. punishmentC. guiltD. obligation9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.A. flexibleB. terribleC. reasonableD. serious10. These products are inferior to those we brought last year.A. poorer thanB. narrower thanC. larger thanD. richer than11. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.A. improvedB. changedC. worsenedD. developed12. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A. coexistingB. fairC. full D .pubic13. They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.A. requesting B .planning C. preparing D. looking14. He said some harsh words about his brother.A. unkindB. properC. normalD. unclear15. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. sumD. temp第2部分: 阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A: 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B; 如果该句的信息问中没有提及，请选择C。

职称英语综合类B级真题2015年(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.（分数：1.00）A.accept √B.controlC.observeD.regulate解析：2.The organization was bold enough to face the press.（分数：1.00）A.pleasedB.powerfulC.brave √D.sensible解析：3.She's extremely competent and industrious.（分数：1.00）A.honestB.hardworking √C.objectiveD.independent解析：4.Most people find rejection hard to accept.（分数：1.00）A.excuseB.clientC.refusal √D.destiny解析：5.These products are inferior to those we bought last year.（分数：1.00）A.narrower thanrger thanC.richer thanD.poorer than √解析：6.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.（分数：1.00）A.fear √B.limitC.powerD.fool解析：7.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.（分数：1.00）B.punishment √C.guiltD.obligation解析：8.We were attracted by the lure of quick money.（分数：1.00）A.amountB.tempt √C.supplyD.sum解析：9.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.（分数：1.00）A.coexisting √B.fairC.fullD.pubic解析：10.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.（分数：1.00）A.disclose √B.hideC.handleD.establish解析：11.The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.（分数：1.00）A.improvedB.changedC.worsened √D.developed解析：12.They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport. （分数：1.00）A.planningB.preparingC.requesting √D.looking解析：13.He said some harsh words about his brother.（分数：1.00）A.properB.normalC.unclearD.unkind √解析：14.He tried to assemble his thoughts.（分数：1.00）B.shareC.gather √D.spare解析：15.Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.（分数：1.00）A.flexibleB.reasonableC.terrible √D.serious解析：二、第二部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分） (总题数：1，分数：7.00) Living History at Jamestown Settlement A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun, sewing address form animal skin, Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden chair, using very simple tools. This is all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras. This is Jamestown settlement today. Jamestown, Virginia, was one of the first place in the word where people form Europe, American, and Africa came together in 1608. Today, it is a living history museum, where children and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum, actors wear clothes and adults form the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then. The actor also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do. At a living history museum, there are always many things to touch, hear, and smell. Visitors at Jamestown settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colonists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonist's bed! The colonists stayed on the crowed, dangerous ships for more than four months. When they got to Virginia, they built an area of houses with a high wall around it. In today's fort（堡垒）, you can see houses, a church, and even a garden with foods that the colonists ate. Women in long dresses work inside their homes, and visitor can help them with their sewing and cooking. There is also an Indian Village at Jamestown settlement, and it looks very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields. Actors there make pottery（陶器）and teach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an India boat form a tree! Today, the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular, especially with children and families. People come here to have fun, but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of getting things done. A living history museum is the best way to understand how people lived in the past.（分数：7.00）(1).Tourists like to take pictures in Jamestown Settlement today.（分数：1.00）A.Right √B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：由文章第一段This is all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras. 一句可以看出，游客们喜欢照皂片儿，因此，题干正确，选择A。

2015年职称英语考试《综合B》真题及答案（完整文字版）（2015年4月发布）第1部分：词汇选项1.【题干】I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.【选项】A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate【答案】A2. 【题干】The organization was bold enough to face the press.【选项】A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible【答案】C3. 【题干】She's extremely competent and industrious.【选项】A.honestB.hardworkingC.objectiveD.independent【答案】B4. 【题干】Most people find rejection hard to accept.【选项】A.excuseB.clientC.refusalD.destiny【答案】C5. 【题干】These products are inferior to those we bought last year. 【选项】A.narrower thanrger thanC.richer thanD.poorer than【答案】D6. 【题干】I realized to my h orror that I had forgotten the present. 【选项】A.fearB.limitC.powerD.fool【答案】A7. 【题干】The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. 【选项】A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation【答案】B8. 【题干】We were attracted by the lure of quick money.【选项】A.amountB.temptC.supplyD.sum【答案】B9. 【题干】There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.【选项】A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic【答案】A10. 【题干】The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.【选项】A.discloseB.hideC.handleD.establish【答案】A11. 【题干】The political situation in the region has deterioratedrapidly.【选项】A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed【答案】C12. 【题干】They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.【选项】A.planningB.preparingC.requestingD.looking【答案】C13. 【题干】He said some harsh words about his brother.【选项】A.properB.normalC.unclearD.unkind【答案】D14. 【题干】He tried to assemble his thoughts.【选项】A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare【答案】C15. 【题干】Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. 【选项】A.flexibleB.reasonableC.terribleD.serious【答案】C第2部分：阅读判断第3部分：概括文章大意第4部分：阅读理解第一篇：Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they'reusually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human p opulation in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers inLatin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted ifthere aren’t any trees. With increased production come i ncreased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide frompredators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are neededto grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die.The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enterthe water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning togrow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers bybuying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worthit.31.【题干】What is the main idea of this passage?【选项】A.Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B.Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C.Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D.People should buy shade-grown coffee.【答案】A32.【题干】The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 isto show_____.【选项】A.the positive effects of coffee.B.a change of coffee growth.C.something that is the most important.D.how coffee production used to be.【答案】B33.【题干】What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?【选项】A.More insects.B.Better quality coffee.rger farms.D.Higher profits.【答案】D34.【题干】How d o farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?【选项】A.They buy more land from other farmers.B.They cut down trees.C.They move to another country.D.They turn grassland into farmland.【答案】B35.【题干】The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT_____【选项】A.insects.B.air.C.brids.D.humans.【答案】B第二篇：Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last monthat the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe h ad become k nown in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be thefirst non-human to learn a human l anguage. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe s aid she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when i t was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like," Who i s coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies oftheir own into this new a nd exciting area of research. The whole directionof primate research changed.However, critics argued Washoe o nly learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developedtrue language skills. Even now, there are some researchers who suggestthat primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signsonly for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a formerstudent of the Gardners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoerprovided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills withchimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a verylong time.Debate continues about chimps understanding of human c ommunication. Yet, one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.36.【题干】The Gardners' experiment with Washoe_____.【选项】A.began in 1969.B.won a big prize.sted three yearsD.influenced primate research【答案】D【查看文字解析>>】37. 【题干】The second paragraph mainly discusses _____.【选项】A.a report about Washoe's progress in learning sign language.B.the whole direction of primate research.C.new primate researches conducted by many language scientific.D.an experiment with Washoe at a research center in Africa.【答案】A【查看文字解析>>】38. 【题干】The Gardners' experiment with Washoe was criticized because _____.【选项】A.just ask some simple question.B.only copy teachers' sign language.C.only memorize about 250 words.D.just repeat short sentences.【答案】B【查看文字解析>>】39. 【题干】According to the passage ,which of the following is true?【选项】A.Roger Fouts taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees.B.Washoe was the first chim to use American Sign Language.C.A chimpanzee died of natural causes in Africa at a research center.D.Nowadays there are still lots of scientists experimenting with chimpanzees.【答案】B40. 【题干】We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that_____.【选项】A.whether chimps can learn a human language remains unanswer.B.primates have the ability to speak a language.C.animals can's learn a human sign.D.Washoe is as intelligent as humans.【答案】C第三篇：Moderate Earthquake Strikes EnglandA moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One w oman suffered minor head and neck injuries."It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride," said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struckat 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel, about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15seconds."I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up frombed next to me." said Hendrick van Eck,27,of Canterbury about 60 milessoutheast of London. "I then heard the sound of cracking, and it wasgetting heavier and heavier. It felt as if someone was at the end of mybed hopping up and down."There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was thestrongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck thecentral England city of Birmingham.The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in1931, measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale. British Geological Surveyscientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an areathat had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage m London and was felt in France. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. However, people should not bescared too much b y this prediction, Musson s aid, as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quakeand announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allowtime for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.41. 【题干】The biggest earthquake took place in Britain _____.【选项】A.in 1931.B.in 1580.C.in 2002.D.in 2007.【答案】A42. 【题干】The word "collapsed "in Paragraph 4 most probably meas _____.【选项】A.fell apart.B.flew off.C.shook up.D.blew out.【答案】A43. 【题干】The phrase "this scale "in Paragraph 6 refers to_____.【选项】A.4.8-magnitude quake.B.4.3-magnitude quake.C.5.8 on the Richter scale.D.6.1 on the Richter scale.【答案】B44. 【题干】The following statements are true EXCEPT_____.【选项】A.the quake caused a power failure in Kent Country.B.the tremor lasted for 10-15 seconds.C.people in Canterbury felt strong quake.D.the quake was centered centered under the Channel Tunnel.【答案】D45. 【题干】 It can be learnt from the last paragraph that _____.【选项】A.moderate earthquakes often strike London in the historyB.earthquake warming system of Britain can predict theC.another earthquake is predicted to occur in England.D.the French also felt the earthquake taking place on【答案】B第5部分：补全短文Saving a City's Public ArtAvoiding traffic jams in Los Angeles may b e impossible, but the city's colorful freeway murals(壁画)can brighten even the worst commute. Paintings that depict(描述)famous people and historical scenes coveroffice buildings and freeway walls all across the city. With a collectionof more than 2,000 murals, Los Angeles is the unofficial mural capitalof the world.But the combination of graffiti(涂鸦), pollution, and hot sun hasleft many L.A. murals in terrible condition._____(46)In the past, experts say, little attention was given to caring for public art. Artists wereeven expected to maintain their own works, not an easy task with carsracing by along the freeway._____(47)The work started in 2003. So far, 16 walls have been selected, and more may be added later.Until about 1960, public murals in Los Angeles were rare. But in the 1960s and 1970s, young L.A. artists began to study early 20th-centuryMexican mural painting._____(48)The most famous mural in the city is Judith Baca's "The Great Wall,"a 13-foot-high(4-meter-high)painting that runs for half a mile (0.8kilometer)in North Hollywood,_____(49)it took eight years to complete—400 underprivileged teenagers painted the designs—and is probably the longest mural in the world.One of the murals that will be restored now is Kent Twitchell's"Seventh Street Altarpiece." which he painted for the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984._____ (50)Twitchell said, "It was meant as a kind ofgateway through which the traveler to L.A. must drive. The open handsrepresent peace."Artists often call murals the people's art. Along a busy freeway orhidden in a quiet neighborhood, murals can reach people who would neverpay money t o see fine art in a museum, "Murals give a voice to the silent majority," said one artist.46.【题干】_____【选项】A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted oversome of the murals complete.B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city'smurals.E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.F.Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.【答案】A47.【题干】_____【选项】A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted oversome of the murals complete.B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city'smurals.E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.F.Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.【答案】D48.【题干】_____【选项】A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted oversome of the murals complete.B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city'smurals.E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.F.Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.【答案】C49.【题干】_____【选项】A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted oversome of the murals complete.B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city'smurals.E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.F.Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.【答案】E50.【题干】_____【选项】A.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti, has painted oversome of the murals complete.B.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.C.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.D.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city'smurals.E.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.F.Soon, their murals became a symbol of the city's cultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.【答案】B第6部分：完形填空The Internet HouseA leading British building and design company has just announcedtheir plans for the home of the future. The new design,_____(51)as the "Internet House", has five bedrooms , plenty of bathrooms and a doublegarage .But these are not the main selling _____(52), for it is the￡25000_____(53)of automation that makes this house really different.It will be _____(54), for people who have plenty of money ,but nota great _____(55)of time ;young professionals in other words ,They arelikely to be _____(56)to the idea of a microwave that provides easy-to-cook _____(57)via the Internet and cooker that switches itselfon or off at a command received via e-mail .All the appliances in the house , _____(58)the heating and lightingcontrols ,are linked together _____(59)means of a gadget(小装置)calleda "router ".Using what's called a "Webpad",a kind of portable lap-topcomputer ,the owners of the house tap in commands from _____(60)they may be .The Webpad _____(61)a signal to the router ,which _____(62)the message and then activates the necessary controls. On the home at night ,for example ,the owners can switch on the lights or _____(63)thecentral heating working ,and so_____(64)sure that they have a nice warm welcome when they _____(65)into their home.51.【题干】_____【选项】A.entitledB.knownC.referredd【答案】D52. 【题干】_____【选项】A.plotsB.plansD.paths【答案】C53. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.valueB.priceC.worthD.cost【答案】A54. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.accurateB.modelC.preciseD.ideal【答案】D55. 【题干】_____A.lengthB.dealC.lotD.extent【答案】C56. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.excitedB.intendedC.interestedD.attracted【答案】D57. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.recipesB.projectsC.receiptsD.invitations【答案】A58. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.as long asB.as soon asC.as well asD.as far as【答案】C59. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.forB.inC.withD.by【答案】C60. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.whateverB.howeverC.whicheverD.wherever【答案】D61. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.drawsB.speaksC.sendsD.hearsay【答案】C62. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.decodesB.discountsC.decidesD.dissolves【答案】A63. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.leadB.haveC.putD.get【答案】B64. 【题干】_____ 【选项】eB.makeC.keepD.hold【答案】B65. 【题干】_____ 【选项】A.stayB.standC.stepD.start 【答案】C。

2015职称英语综合类B级真题(阅读理解) 第4部分阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreaseslocal-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow thecoffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly. Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.31.What is the main idea of this passage?A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C. Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.32.The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show_____.A. the positive effects of coffee.B. a change of coffee growth.C. something that is the most important.D. how coffee production used to be.33.What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?A. More insects.B. Better quality coffee.C. Larger farms.D. Higher profits.34.How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35.The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT_____ full sunA. insects.B. air.C. birdsD. humans第二篇Washoe Learned American Sign Language An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like," Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now, there are some researchers who suggest that primateslearn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardeners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoer provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence36. The Gardeners’ experiment with Washoe_____.A. began in 1969B. won a big prizeC. lasted three yearsD. influenced primate research37. The second paragraph mainly discusses_____.A. a report about Washoe’s progress in learning sign languageB. the whole direction of primate researchC. new primate researches conducted by many language scientificD. an experiment with Washoe at a research center in Africa.38. The Gardeners’ experiment with Washoe was criticized because______.A. just ask some simple questionB. only copy tea chers’ sign languageC. only memorize about 250wordsD. just repeat short sentences.39. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Roger Fouts taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees.B. Washoe was the first chimp to use American Sign LanguageC. A chimpanzee died of natural causes in Africa at a research centerD. Nowadays there are still lots of scientists experimenting with chimpanzees40. We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that_____.A. Whether chimps can learn a human language remains unansweredB. primate have the ability to speak a languageC. animals cannot learn a human signD. Washoe is as intelligent as humans第三篇Moderate Earthquake Strikes EnglandA moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007,toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries."It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride," said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel, about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds."I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me." said Hendrick van Eck,27,of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London."Ithen heard the sound of cracking, and it was getting heavier and heavier. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in1931,measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France.Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. However, people should not be scared too much by this prediction, Musson said, as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.41. The biggest earthquake took place in Britain_____.A in 1931B in 1580C in 2002D in 200742. The word “collapsed” in paragraph 4 most probably means_____.A. Fell apartB. Flew offC. Shook upD. Blew out43. The phrase “this scale” in paragraph 6 refers to_____.A. 4.8-magnitude quakeB. 4.3-magnitude quakeC. 5.8on the Richer scaleD 6.1on the Richer scale44. The following statements are true Except____.A. the quake caused a power failure in Kent CountryB. the tremor lasted for 10-15 seconds.C. people in Canterbury felt strong quakeD. the quake was centered under the Channel Tunnel.45. It can be learned from the last paragraph that____.A. moderate earthquakes often strike London in the historyB. earthquake warming system of Britain can predict the forthcoming quakeC. another earthquake is predicted to occur in EnglandD. the French also felt the earthquake taking place on 28,April更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

The Workers’Role in ManagementTraditionally，it has been the workers’role to work and management’s role to manage．Managers have planned and directed the firm’s operations with little thought to consulting the labor force．Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the workers’opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees．At most，companies have provided“suggestion boxes”in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures．In recent years，however，many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor——they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management． Furthermore，major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents．This is particularly true of plant closings，which may put thousands on the unemployment lines．Should workers，then，play a stronger role in management?Workers should have a role in management．At the very least，the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions(A common complaint among rank—and—file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions)．Between l980 and l985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs，often with no warning．At least90 days’notice ought to be given in such instances SO that workers have time to adjust．Management should consult workers before closing a plant，because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating．It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision makings．There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm’s board of directors or other major policy making groups．If rank—and—file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow，they will help to make improvements，their morale will rise，and their productivity will increase．As a further incentive，they must be given a share in the company’s profits．This can be done through employee stockownership plans，bonuses，or rewards for efficiency and productivity．Finally，when a plant can no longer operate at a profit， the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves．根据以上内容，回答16-22题。

第⼀部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分。

共15分) 下⾯每个句⼦中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment.A.doubtB.angerC.loveD.surprise 2.I want to provide my boys with a decent education.A.speeialB.privateC.goodD.general 3.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners.A.politeB.similarualD.bad 4.There was a profound silence after his remark.A.shortB.deepC.proudD.sudden 5.The document was compiled by the Department of Health.A.printedB.attachedC.writtenD.sent 6.In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy.A.changeB.reducesC.leavesD.drops 7.Many cities have restricted smoking in public places.A.limitedB.allowedC.stoppedD.kept 8.The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village.A.killedB.jailedC.caughtD.found 9.If we leave now，we should miss the traffic.A.mixB.avoidC.directD.stop 10.What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?A.advancementB.replacementC.retirementD.adveaisement 11.We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.A.greatB.clearC.quickD.regular 12.Such a database would be extremely costly to set up.A.updateB.transferC.destroyD.establish 13.The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.bineB.breakC.sellD.close 14.I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues.A.humorousB.IongC.originalD.boilng 15.He's spent years cultivating a knowledge of art.A.denyingingC.sharingD.developing 第⼆部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下⾯的短⽂后列出了7个句⼦，请根据短⽂的内容对每个句⼦做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息⽂中没有提及，请选择C。

2015职称英语综合类B级考试阅读判断专项习题The Palm Islands are the largest artificial islands in the world and are under construction in Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates on which major commercial and residential infrastructure will be constructed. They are being developed as tourist, leisure, and residential resorts, and will increase the coastline of the country by 120 kilometres.After four years of planning and careful consideration of the environmental issues, construction started in 2001. Dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea were employed in the building of the first two islands. The site for all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep. Sand is taken from the seabed and sprayed into the construction site. Although the shallow water facilitates this process, the islands are still very exposed to the currents and tidal movements of the sea. Rocks are used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent(月状的)structure. This acts as a breakwater and protects the islands from the sea.The first two islands are in the shape of date palm trees and consist of a trunk and 17 fronds, or leaves, coming off the trunk. The first island, named Palm Jumeirah, has three five-star hotels in the trunk, and luxury homes in the leaves. It isastonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004, they were all sold within three days.The second palm Jebel Ali, was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre. Six marinas(小游艇船坞) are planned, with a water theme park, and home built on stilts(桩柱) in the water.The Palm Deira is planned to be the largest of the three islands, with a length of 14 km and a width of 8.5 km, an area larger than the city of Paris. It will consist of residential properties, marinas, shopping malls, sports facilities, and clubs. These will be open to both residents and tourists.More artificial islands, the World Islands, are now being constructed near the Palm Jumeirah. They consist of 300 private islands grouped into the shape of the continents of the world and will be used for estates, private homes, community islands, and resorts.Unquestionably, these artificial islands are one of the wonders of the modern world. They will also maintain Dubai’s status as one of the leading tourist destinations in the region.16. Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. All the luxury homes on Palm Jumeirah were sold.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. The water theme park in Jebel Ali will attract more tourists.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. The Palm Deira will be the same size as Paris.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. The world Islands are bigger than the Palm Jumeirah.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned参考答案：16. B. Wrong17. B. Wrong18. C. Not mentioned19.A. Right20.C. Not mentioned21. B. Wrong22. A. Right更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。