现在完成时重点难点.20页PPT

❖ 8.What time have the factory opened?
did
open
❖ 9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice been to
Exercises
❖ I am an American boy I came to China two years ago. Ihave s_tu_d_ie_d_(study) here for two years. My father often takes(take) me_to__pl_ay_ (play) football on the playground.
Exercises
❖ 1. I h__a_v_e_h_a_d_(have) lunch already. ❖ 2. Has the train_a_r_r_iv_e_d_ (arrive), yet? ❖ 3.Tome _h_a_s_ never_b_e_e_n__to_ (be to ) China. ❖ 4. The twin __h_a_s__just _s_e_e_n_(see) my
❖ have/has been in:表示某人“已在某地停留 一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示 一段时间的状语。
Exercises
❖ Tom 在哪儿？ 他去书店买书了。 -Where is Tom?
-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books. ❖ 我在北京待了5年了。
eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast.
2. When did you come here? I watched the football match on TV at 9:00.

• I have read the book twice already.
• 在以上两种用法中常跟already, not…yet, never, just, before, ever, recently等
时间继续下去的状语。
• 3) 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也 许还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包 括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。
动词填空：
1._H_a__v_eyou _c_l_e_a_n_e_d_(clean) the room? Yes, we_h_a__v_e_d__o_n_e(do) that already. When __d_id____ you __d_o___(do) it? We __d_id____(do) it an hour ago.
2._H__a_s__ he _s_e__e_n_(see) this film yet? Yes. When _d_i_d__ he s_e__e__(see) it? He __s_a_w__ it last week.
3. How many times _h_a_v_e_you_c_o__m__e(come) here?
练习题:
1.It's a long time since we _m_e_t_ (meet) last, isn't i
t?
2.--I know youh_a_v__e__c_h_o_s_e_n(choose) a picture book amon
g these.
--Yes,Have a look at it, please.
现在完成时的否定形式： have not (haven’t) +过去分词 has not (hasn’t) +过去分词

They have lived here since 1990.
What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?
注意点一： 现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较 现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示 过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在 过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时 间状语连用。 如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等 试比较： The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机 在这儿） The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强 调动作发生的时间在过去） I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。 （表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。） I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现 在已经不在这儿任教了）
((√×))
He has joined the League member for two years. ( ×)
√ He has been a League member for two years. ( )
他已入团两年了。
The man has been dead for several years. The man has died for several years. 这个人已经死了几年了。
练习：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空 A: Where __1__ Li Fei __1__? B: He __2__ to Hainan Island. A: How long __3__ he __3___ there? B: He ___4__ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I __5__ never __5__ there. A: How many times __6__ Li Fei __6___ to that place? B: He __7__ there only once.

王伯伯在这家工厂工作十年了。
（2）非延续性动词：come，go，arrive，
reach，see，hear，close，leave，begin，start，lose，
buy，fall，join，die等，这些动词可用于完成时态，说
明某个动作的结果还存在，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：
【正】The play has begun
He has been a painter for two months. He has been a painter since July. He has been a painter since he moved to Japan.
(1997—2000) (came here)
(17/09/2000— 26/09/2000)
往往译成“…..过吗？”,“还有….吗？”等. 3）其肯定回答用：Yes，….have（has）．
否定回答用：No，….haven‘t（hasn’t）．
有时用：No，not yet．或No，never．
Let’s continue :
3．现在完成时的否定句式是 “have（has）+not＋过去分词”。如： ⑥We haven‘t studied Unit 2 yet． 我们还没学习第二单元。 ⑦The train hasn‘t stopped yet． 火车还没有停下来。 注意：1）现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。 2）否定句常译为“还没有……”等。
2．现在完成时态既涉及过去，又联系现在，它可表示动作或状 态过去已经开始一直延续到现在，和由 “for+时间段” 或
“since+过去时间点/从句”引导的时间状语连用。例如： We have lived here for five years． 我们在这里住了五年了。 I have known him since he was a boy． 我从他还是个孩子的时候就认识他了。

2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态
I have lived here for three years. I have lived here since 2010/three years ago.
Eg: I __h_a_v_e__le_a_r_n_t_ (learn) English for three years.
一：中考考题分析 现在完成时在河南中考命题中的规律：主要以选择题的形式出现。 二：复习目标：
１、复习现在完成时态的构成、用法及相关的时间状语。 ２、巩固规则动词过去式及过去分词的变化规则。 ３、熟练掌握并正确运用现在完成时态，（非延续性动词与一段时间连用时与
延续性动词的转变是重点）。
• 精选
现在完成时考点解析
• 精选Biblioteka 时态的选择，时间状语是关键
现在完成时态句中常见的时间状语
A:这类词常强调动作完成。
already（已经，还，肯定句）
yet（否定句，疑问句）
never（从来没有） ever (曾经)
twice （两次）
recently(近来）
before（句末）
just （刚刚）
2011安徽 He promised to pick me up at the school gate.
13、说to实be在h的onest
4、两a 个co，up一le对o，f 几个
14、把re.g..a视rd为...a. s
5、数th以ou千sa计n的ds of
15、根ac据cording to
6、数m以illi百on万s的of 7、全all年y，ea终r r年ound 8、m许a多n甜y s蜜w的ee回t m忆emories 9、察ch看ec，k观ou察t 10、清理，丢掉

((√×))
He has joined the League member for two years. ( ×)
√ He has been a League member for two years. ( )
他已入团两年了。
The man has been dead for several years. The man has died for several years. 这个人已经死了几年了。
• Mr. Green _h_a_s__b_e_e_n_ (be) in China these
years.
• They _h__a_v_e_w_r_i_t_te_n_(write) 15 songs so far.
• The population __h_a_s__g_r_o_w_n__ (grow) more
slowly in the past ten years.
现在完成时的谓语动词
1延续性动词：learn, work, know, walk, keep, have, wait, sing, read, sleep, live, stay
延续性动词用法特征： 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表 示一段时间的状语连用。（for ten years, since last year, since two years ago, during the past three years, how long等）
have been to 曾经去过某地（已返回）
Someone went to some place and has already
come ban 去某地一段时间
someone stay in some place for some time

I studied English ten years ago.
（come来到某地….
left the team
has been on C.
表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响。
)
be over
went to bed
填空使用for和since
Tom ___for several hours.
表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响。
• She has lived here ______1996.
• 2 标准词：so far/up to now (到目前为止） ;lately/recently(最近）
• Up to now/So far ,I haven’t been successful.
• Lately/Recently,I haven’t seen my teacher.
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
---He ____ ____ the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago.
--- He ____ ____ here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
(finish结束....)
be over
1.我买这本书三年了。Buy I have bought the book.
(1) I have had the book for 3 years. (2) I have had the book since 3 years ago.
了borrow He has borrow the book. (1）He has kept the book for 2 months . (2) He has kept the book since 2 months ago.

x
I have bought this book since 3 years ago. x
也称做点动词、非延续性动词或瞬间动词。
表示动作不能延续，只是一瞬间就结束的 动作。
come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, become,
borrow, get up 等．
它们可以用于完成时态，说明某个动作的结 果还存在
He has come back.
The film has begun.
在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以用表示一段时 间的状语来修饰
I haven’t heard from Uncle Wang for a long time.
3. 转化成be+名词（词组）
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表 示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但 不能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达 “他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：
一、用ago,使用一般过去时。
He left here three years ago. 二、用“It is +一段时间＋since ＋一般过去时从句 ”
his
brother joined the army .
for: (长达）
for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
选用 for和 since填空:
1.We haven’t seen each other __f_o_r __ a long time.

tired now. has, come • 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s
office. has gone • 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here
现在完成时的结构
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp）
注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has
否定形式 haven’t ( have not ） +过去分词 hasn’t ( has not ) +过去分词
疑问句 把助动词 have / has 放在句首
“雪亮工程"是以区（县）、乡（镇） 、村（ 社区） 三级综 治中心 为指挥 平台、 以综治 信息化 为支撑 、以网 格化管 理为基 础、以 公共安 全视频 监控联 网应用 为重点 的“群 众性治 安防控 工程” 。
3) 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since 5 years ago.
“雪亮工程"是以区（县）、乡（镇） 、村（ 社区） 三级综 治中心 为指挥 平台、 以综治 信息化 为支撑 、以网 格化管 理为基 础、以 公共安 全视频 监控联 网应用 为重点 的“群 众性治 安防控 工程” 。
“雪亮工程"是以区（县）、乡（镇） 、村（ 社区） 三级综 治中心 为指挥 平台、 以综治 信息化 为支撑 、以网 格化管 理为基 础、以 公共安 全视频 监控联 网应用 为重点 的“群 众性治 安防控 工程” 。